DC Speech
Which of the following statements would researchers classify as being the most powerfully expressed?
"I have a question."
Two linguistic researchers analyzed the language of the Hopi Indians and concluded that the Hopi language makes no distinction between nouns and verbs. Therefore, the people who speak it describe the world as being constantly in progress, and thus, have a view of the world that is quite unique. This view of the world being determined by the language one speaks is known as:
(A) and (B)
Which of the following is NOT an accurate narrative representation of the concept behind Ogden and Richard's Triangle of Meaning?
(All of the above are representative of Ogden and Richard's Triangle of Meaning)
Amber came from a working class family where she was the first generation to attempt a college degree. After years of hard work, she earned a spot at Yale where her classmates came from far more financially privileged families. Even though her academic talent was comparable to her classmates, Amber found it difficult to fit in with her new surroundings at school. This is representative of how ____________ serves as a cultural barrier.
. socioeconomic status
The minimum number of people required to form a group is
3
According to your text, what is the ideal number of main points in a speech?
3-5
Which of the following options is an example of minority control in a group
A few popular high-schoolers deciding what's "cool"
During the presidential elections, candidates are often vying for the attention of a small portion of the audience that are more likely to change their vote, called swing voters. Swing voters are an example of which of the following?
A target audience
Which of the following options is an example of expert opinion controlling a group?
A tour guide leading tourists around a city
Which of the following options is an example of authority rule over a group?
A track coach ordering her team to run sprints
Groupthink is a term which describes a group's collective striving for unanimity that discourage realistic appraisals of alternatives.
True
Which of the following is a required characteristic of a group?
All parties are interdependent.
A group where all members share the same information with everyone in the group is called a/an
All-channel Network
Which types of listeners only pay attention to messages for the purpose of collecting information to attack what the speaker has to say?
Ambushers
Extended metaphors that can be used to compare or contrast an unknown concept with a known one are called:
Analogies
If volunteering assistance to a person with a disability, wait until after your offer is accepted before proceeding.
True
According to your text, which of the following would be an effective way to capture the audience's attention in an introduction?
Ask a relevant question
In considering the ethics of persuasive speaking, it is important to consider who might be helped as well as who might be harmed as a consequence of a speech.
True
Which of the following are included in analyzing the speaking occasion?
Audience expectations
Which leadership style relies on legitimate, coercive, and reward power to influence others?
Authoritarian
In some cultures, religion is the defining factor in shaping in-and-out-groups.
True
It is a difference in semantic rules that explains why a "cabinet" is a blended ice-cream drink in Rhode Island, but a piece of furniture in Idaho.
True
It is not enough to prove that a problem exists. You must show your listeners that the problem affects them in some way.
True
Japan is a high-context culture and America is a low-context culture
True
Language ue can shape our attitudes with regard to names, credibility, status, sexism, and racism
True
Alicia spends all day at work on the Internet and then all night on social networking sites looking at the many interesting things her friends have been doing. She hasn't been seeing her family or friends, nor has she been getting out of the apartment. Moreover, Alicia is becoming depressed and starting to dislike her life. What is the best advice you could give Alicia right now?
Better regulate time spent on the Internet
Betty meets her friend, Vanessa, for lunch. During lunch, Vanessa starts talking about the death of one of their old classmates. Talking about death makes Betty extremely uncomfortable. Often, when the topic comes up, she walks out of the room. Betty would likely respond to this situation in which of the following ways?
Betty will engage in insulated listening.
In the transactional model of communication, individuals who participate in an interaction are known as____.
communicators
Lilly used the task-oriented listening style when she made sure to listen to her boss' instructions to gain information about the project she was completing
True
Mediated communication calls for its own unique rules of etiquette.
True
A specific purpose statement _______
Is results-oriented.
Nonverbal cues are central to the expression of emotion because communicators are often more comfortable expressing their feelings nonverbally than they are stating them explicitly through words.
True
Ogden and Richard's Triangle of Meaning asserts that there is only an indirect relationship between a word and what it represents. It, therefore, is the user that connects the two.
True
Alexis is talking to Ryan about the horrible day she had. Ryan responds: "Don't worry. The worst part is over. It will probably get easier from here." What type of supportive response is Ryan using?
Comforting
__________ refers to the speaker's expertise on a topic.
Competence
Which type of power comes from a member's ability to develop relationships that help the group reach its goal?
Connection
Becky asked questions of all the group members and would discuss how all the contributions were related. She wanted to make sure that all group members "bought in" and contributed to the group decisions. In this case, Becky is using a(n):
Consensus Style
John grew up traveling and spending time with people around the world. He now has positive attitudes and good relationships with people of many different cultures.
Contact Hypothesis
___________ refers to the believability of a speaker.
Credibility
On average, one in five hate crimes in the United States targets people on the basis of their sexual orientation.
True
A journalism professor has divided his students into groups of five. Their assignment is to research local news coverage of a controversial issue and give a group presentation on their findings. Which of the following resources is least likely to present a problem of information overload for the groups?
Cutouts of articles from local newspapers about the issue
Showing graphic photos of a car crash to produce the emotion of fear to deter your audience from drinking and driving is an example of an appeal to ethos
False
The most important form of appeal according to Aristotle was Pathos.
False
The overarching goal of relational listening is assessment.
False
Which of the following tasks is most likely to benefit from group input?
Deciding where a family should stop for dinner
Adriana had been on the telephone for a while talking with a friend. When she came out of her room, her mom had asked her what she had been doing. Adriana perceived this question as an invasion of her privacy. Which type of faulty listening behavior was Adriana guilty of?
Defensive listening
According to research, which leadership style is most highly correlated with success?
Democratic
Which type of leader would alter his or her leadership style as circumstances change?
Democratic
_________ are characteristics of your audience that can be categorized:
Demographics
According to most structured problem-solving approaches developed in the last century, which of the following steps should be the first task of a problem-solving group?
Determine the group's goals
The reinforcement stage in problem solving groups is the stage when members become familiar with one another's position and tentatively volunteer their own work.
False
Time, circumstance, nonverbal behavior and background are just as important as language in determining the conversational meaning in a low-context culture.
False
Which of the following groups should most easily be able to achieve consensus?
Directors deciding whom to hire for an entry-level position
_____ is the transmission of messages without considering consequences while ______ is the impulsive transmission of angry and hostile message.
Disinhibition; flaming
Transactional operators are motivated by keeping the group members happy and maintaining harmony.
False
While waiting in the dentist's chair, Suzi fidgeted with the rings on her finger. This type of body movement is known as a regulator.
False
Whitney called and asked if Sally was busy on Saturday nght. Sally hesitated to answer because the last time she said "no" Whitney asked her to help her move into her new apartment. Whitney's question is a type of unchecked assumption.
False
Working on problem-solving in a group is always preferable to working as an individual.
False
Your occupational choice will have little influence over how you see the world.
False
One of the disadvantages to participating in a virtual group is that members may feel less committed or less accountable for their actions if they don't know their teammates well.
True
Which of the following best characterizes the difference between nominal and emergent leadership?
Emergent leaders gain influence as a result of circumstance, while nominal leaders gain influence through their title
Which of the following is valued most highly in communication by women in all-female talk?
Empathy
Joe listens as his group members argue about the deadline for their project. Some say their supervisor set the deadline for May 1; others insist the deadline is April 15. Joe suddenly interjects: "We're spending way too much time arguing about this. Let's figure it out and get back to work." What group role is Joe playing?
Energizer
One of the ways to become an emergent leader is to frequently participate and contribute to the group process.
True
Our emotional state (mood, feelings) can determine what we choose to select in the perception process.
True
________________ words have more than one correct dictionary definition
Equivocal
Pathos is using emotional appeals to effectively make your case.
True
People in the United States eat "hamburgers" instead of "dead cow sandwiches." Our choice of this terminology is a
Euphemisms
People in the United States eat "hamburgers" instead of "dead cow sandwiches." Our choice of this terminology is a :
Euphemisms
______ are pleasant terms substituted for more direct but potentially less pleasant terms.
Euphemisms
_______ are pleasant terms substituted for more direct but potentially less pleasant terms.
Euphemisms
Shonda was sitting in a crowded room that was very warm and stuffy. This was making it difficult for her to listen to the speaker's message. What type of noise was interfering with Shonda's message reception?
External noise
According to your text, which of the following is the most important nonverbal aspect of delivery:
Eye Contact
People in individualistic cultures view confrontational conflict management styles as more appropriate than do people from collectivist cultures.
True
Your friend gave you confusing directions to a party, which caused you to be late. When you arrived, you stated "Sorry I am late, I'm a terrible navigator." By using this sort of mild, self-deprecating humor to defuse a potentially unpleasant situation. It perserves the other persons face by saying its not your fault, and shows your a nice person who doesn't find fault in others an is an example of?
Facework
Presents something as either correct or incorrect and can be verified with evidence.
Fact
"You" statements demonstrate the acceptance of more responsibility that "I" statements
False
"You" statements demonstrate the acceptance of more responsibility that "I" statements.
False
A bystander follower will be energetically and passionately engaged in the group process.
False
Because visually impared people cannot see to learn cultural facial expressions, they develop unique facial expressions of their own.
False
Brainstorming refers to information overload
False
Building cohesiveness is an unnecessary stage in task oriented groups.
False
Computer technicians are using euphemisms with vocabulary such as "RAM," "hard-drive," and "CPU."
False
Doug used an analytical listening style when his friend's father passed away because he wanted to hear about his friend's thoughts and feelings and show support
False
Effective communications is able to solve any issue or conflict.
False
Empathy and sympathy are two different words to describe the same concept.
False
Eric used the nonverbal channel of proxemics when he showed up to his girlfriend's birthday party an hour late to show he was mad at her.
False
For any given situation, there is one ideal manner in which to communicate.
False
Having the knowledge of what is the appropriate way to communicate in any given situation is enough to be considered a competent communicator.
False
High self-esteem guarantees successful business and personal relationships
False
High self-esteem guarantees successful business and personal relationships.
False
In general, we judge others more kindly than we judge ourselves.
False
Introverts cannot be effective leaders.
False
It takes at least three members of a group to create a "ripple effect" on the rest of the group.
False
It's never good to joke around in a group meeting.
False
Leaders must be charismatic
False
Nonverbal communication is expressed by linguistic means.
False
Remembering is the stage of listening that includes interpreting the message using syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic rules.
False
Reward power comes from the respect, liking and trust of others.
False
Salience is the difference in interpersonal power and influence between managers and subordinates.
False
People in subordinate work positions typically have better nonverbal decoding skills.
True
____________________ are used in market research by sponsoring organizations to survey potential users of the public at large regarding a new product or idea.
Focus groups
Which of the following characteristics is true of effective followers:
Followers think for themselves.
_______________ is a method of problem analysis that identifies the forces contributing to resolution of the problem and the forces that inhibit its resolution.
Force field analysis
A rural county's board of supervisors is deciding whether to use its funds for the construction of a new school or for repairs to its current schools. All county citizens have been invited to speak about the issue at the board's next meeting. Which proble
Forum
_____________ involve(s) development of solutions with input by the people who will be affected.
Forums
Which of the following best exemplifies a virtual group?
Four students work exclusively through e-mail to complete a class project.
The success of a wheel network depends heavily on the skill of which role?
GateKeeper
People over the age of 40 are still twice as likely as younger ones to be depicted in the media as unattractive, bored, and in declining health.
True
Your team is highly disorganized and needs a leader. Since the rest of the team is unqualified, you feel you'd be the best person to lead the team. However, there is another team member vying for control. It's obvious his leadership qualities are lacking.
Get other team members to support you.
People who exhibit good listening skills are more likely to get hired and promoted.
True
Physiological factors, social roles, and personal backgrounds shape and distort the message we hear.
True
Regardless of the specific physical condition, it is important to treat a disability as one feature of a human being, not as the defining characteristic of a human being.
True
Which method of communication provides the greatest level of control over how the message is composed?
Handwritten message
is a fallacy of reason that assumes because two things are alike in some known respects, they are also alike in other unknown respects.
Hasty Generalization
Dave tells an inappropriate joke that he thought was funny to his coworker. The coworker becomes offended and files a complaint with Dave's supervisor. Where did Dave go wrong?
He assumed similarity between himself and his coworker.
Robin held her hands four feet apart to show how big the fish the fish was she caught on vacation. In this case, Robin is using her gesture to function as an illustrator.
True
Self-fulfilling prophecies can shape one's self-concept in both positive and negative ways.
True
Social judgment theory tells us that when members of an audience hear a persuasive appeal, they compare it to opinions that they already hold.
True
Stressing certain words with the voice ("That was your idea!") is another way to use nonverbal communication.
True
The use of profanity is governed by_____.
pragmatic rules
Which of the following is an advantage of using mediated communication for identity management?
It allows the sender to choose the ambiguity level of the message.
What is one drawback of relational listening?
It is difficult for listeners to remain detached.
You are at a meeting in Tokyo to promote your product to a group of Japanese business people. In the aftermath of the meeting, you leave feeling confused about what happened, because as an American, you feel that you did not receive direct answers to your questions. The Japanese, however, felt that they were very explicit in telling you that they were not interested in your product. What might account for this communication problem?
Japan is a high-context culture and America is a low-context culture
The Dr. Fox Hypothesis claims that an apparently legitimate speaker who utters an unintelligible, but stylistically complex message will be found competent in the speaker's area of apparent expertise when judged by an audience.
True
Which of the following best exemplifies the contact hypothesis?
John grew up traveling and spending time with people around the world. He now has positive attitudes and good relationships with people of many different cultures.
The absence of satisfying communication can cause medical issues.
True
The all channel network works great with virtual groups.
True
The diagnostician group role is a member who indicates what the problems are.
True
The interdependence of the members of a group is an important consideration when deciding to work as a group.
True
The key to a more accurate use of language is to avoid assuming that others interpret words the same way we do.
True
"Politically correct" language is based on the idea behind:
Linguistic relativism
According to researchers, which of the following practices is most likely to help you detect when a person is lying?
Listening actively and suspiciously to the person
Which of the following best characterizes a low self-monitor?
Low self-monitors need to be themselves and are easy to read.
Which type of communication is less personal, controlled by gatekeepers and sent by organizations to large audiences?
Mass communication
Which of the following terms do social scientists use to describe the multiple nonverbal cues that add clarity to a verbal message?
Message richness
Personal stories that we create to make sense of our personal world are known as______.
Narratives
A speaker who is worried about the disposition of his audience and utilizes humor to diffuse the situation is most likely attempting to do what?
Neutralize potential hostility
_____________ is the difference in interpersonal power and influence between managers and subordinates.
Power distance
Which of the following is true about power?
Power is conferred by the group.
The nominal group technique is a method for including the ideas of all group members in a problem-solving session.
True
Sergio has suggestions for several issues that are being discussed at tonight's union meeting. If he has to wait to offer his suggestions until the appropriate time in the meeting's schedule, which problem-solving format is Sergio's union most likely using?
Parliamentary procedure
Which of the following regionalisms about the United States of America is FALSE?
People from New England smile more than people from the Midwest
Which of the following methods will help you interpret the behavior of others more accurately?
Perception checking
____________ is the process of motivating someone, through communication, to change a particular belief, attitude, or behavior.
Persuasion
The transactional model uses the broader term "respnds" instead of "encodes" to describe both the intentional and unintentional actions that can be observed and interpreted.
True
The highness or lowness of your voice is known as:
Pitch
Individualist cultures tend to hold which of the following views
Place a high value on youth
Which component of the listening process best demonstrates the transactional nature of communication?
Responding
An extemporaneous speech is one that is:
Planned in advance but presented in a direct, spontaneous manner.
The United State should reform healthcare legislation is a statement of ___ because it presents a specific action.
Policy
If someone's leg begins to ache before it rains, and he assumes that the pain caused the rain, this would be an example of which fallacy?
Post hoc ergo proctor hoc (false cause
Which of the following options is an example of majority control in a group?
Presidential elections in the United States
Which of the following behaviors has been identified by researchers as one of the main ways people indicate attraction?
Prolonged eye contact
Which of the following behaviors increase the likelihood of someone emerging as a leader of a group?
Providing a solution in a time of crisis
Collectivist culutres tend to hold which of the following views?
Put the individual ahead of the family
Which type of listener only pays attention to the parts of the conversation that interest him or her?
Selective listener
Which of the following statements is an opinion?
Raising the minimum wage will cause businesses to increase their prices for goods sold.
Sierra was accepted by three different universities and is now having difficulty deciding which university to attend. She decides to ask her friend, Maria, for help. Maria listens intently and provides a paraphrase of the problem, which helps Sierra solve her dilemma. What type of supportive response did Maria utilize?
Refelcting
Idaho is a better place to live than Oregon" is an example of a proposition of ___________.
value"
Which of the following behaviors will boost the odds of an individual emerging as the leader of a group?
Resolving a disagreement
Which of the following would be an effective technique to use when concluding your speech?
Review your thesis
When she was a child, Amy had a bad experience jumping from a diving board. To this day, she considers herself a weak swimmer. That experience affected her ____.
Self concept
Following the rule of standard symbols, how should main points in a formal outline be represented:
Roman numerals (I, II, III)
Official guidelines that govern what the group is supposed to do and how members are supposed to behave are called:
Rules
______________are official guidelines that govern what the group is supposed to do, while __________________ are unspoken standards that govern how the group interacts with one another.
Rules; norms
Tom was angry at Becky, his supervisor, and quickly sent an angry and vicious text message stating his displeasure with comments she made during a work meeting. The correct term for this behavior, according to scholars, is "flaming."
True
The first step in perception
Selection
What is the first step in perception?
Selection
Until a child is past the age of around 7 years old, he or she cannot take another person's point of view.
True
Until they approach the age of 7 years old, children cannot take another person's point of view.
True
We cling to first impressions even if they are inaccurate.
True
Which approach to leadership suggests the leadership style should change with the circumstances?
Situational approach
Which communication channel allows for mediated interactive communication with small and large audiences?
Social media
Even though she doesn't like her very much, Belinda talks with Josie because it makes her feel less lonely. Belinda is using her interactions with Josie to fulfill her___.
Social needs
We pay more attention to negative impressions than positive ones.
True
Western cultures have much more of a short-term goal focus; whereas Asian cultures accept more of a long-term goal focus.
True
Which type of support is typically cited rather than narrated?
Statistics
When Ruthi asked her husband, "Honey, does this dress make me look fat?" her counterfeit question generally carried a hidden agenda
True
When someone says the word "Democrat" Isaac immediately thinks of a crazy left-wing liberal. However, Paula thinks of her compassionate mother who worked for years to serve her community. This is an example of how meanings are subjective to people and are
True
Samantha is studying abroad this semester, and she doesn't want to be out of touch with the culture in the country she's visiting. Which of the following observations of nonverbal behavior would suggest to her that culture there is monochronic?
Students enter classrooms shortly before lectures begin
Julio asked Dolores about her day at work. She answered him by shrugging her shoulders. Which nonverbal function is Dolores using?
Substituting
Which of the following is a type of articulation:
Substitution
Clarifying or proving a point and making ideas interesting and memorable are all functions of:
Supporting materia
When evaluating websites, currency refers to:
When the page was produced/updated
Narration involves:
Telling a story with your information.
Which of the following best exemplifies asynchronous communication?
Text messaging
China is a very collectivist culture
True
Communication competence can be learned.
True
Communicators who want to show affiliation with another group will usually engage in linguistic convergence.
True
Communicators who want to show affiliation with one another adapt their speech in a variety of ways including their choice of vocabulary, rate of talking, number and placement of pauses, and level of politeness.
True
Two linguistic researchers analyzed the language of the Hopi Indians and concluded that the Hopi language makes no distinction between nouns and verbs. Therefore, the people who speak it describe the world as being constantly in progress, and thus, have a
The Whorf-sapir hypothesis and luguistic determinism
Which of the following is an inference?
The boss likes Shelley better than she likes me
If you were a transformational leader, your first priority would be ______.
The organization
It's the last day of school. Students are sitting in class listening to a lecture about career opportunities and adult responsibility. The teacher is giving a fairly engaging and relevant lecture; however, few students are paying attention to what is being said. Some are even falling asleep. Which of the following best explains the reason for students' poor listening?
The students were being plagued by psychological noise
Which of the following is not an advantage of working in groups?
The time necessary to make a decision is often greater.
Transactional operators are primarily motivated by:
Their own glory
Competition and dissent are more prevalent in individualist cultures
True
The central idea of your speech is the _______:
Thesis statement
David gestured wildly as he paced back and forth while describing his anger. David's nonverbal gestures and movement are an example of kinesics.
True
Dialogue helps people let go of the notion that their ideas are superior to others' and instead try to understand the issues from many perspectives.
True
Why do we manage our identities?
To satisfy social rules and meet our personal goals.
Which of the following is an essential component of intercultural communication competence?
Tolerance for ambiguity
An organizational pattern that arranges points based on types or categories is called:
Topic
Dress codes are based on principles of nonverbal communication
True
Dress codes are based on principles of nonverbal communication.
True
Face to face communication is transitory whereas mediated communication can be permanent.
True
Which of the following types of leaders respect the power of teamwork and are primarily motivated by the mission of the group or organization?
Transformational
Feelings of control, attraction, commitment, and responsibility are all reflected in the way we use language.
True
Groups that come from cultures with a high tolerance for uncertainty are more willing to take risks.
True
"Bottled water is healthier for you than tap water," is a proposition of fact.
True
A quickened heart rate, an increase in body temperature, and an increase in respiration are indications of mindful listening.
True
A speaker's ethos is established by her/his position, title and experience, AND the independent quality of the sources used in the presentation.
True
Although successful groups will tolerate and even thrive on some differences in member's attitudes and behavior, wide variation will reduce cohesiveness.
True
Analytical listening should be utilized when the goal is to understand a message as fully as possible.
True
Authority rule is the approach most often used by autocratic leaders.
True
Character involves the audience's perception of honesty and impartiality.
True
Which of the following strategies can help manage debilitative communication apprehension?
Understand the difference between rational and irrational fears.
Which of the following cultures is the LEAST comfortable with silence?
United States
You are looking for signs as to whether a culture is low context. Which of the following would be an obvious indicator of that fact?
Use of the word "no"
Which of the following would best be described as the bandwagon appeal (argumentum ad populum) fallacy?
Using the fact that many people agree with you to validate an argument
Which of the following is a characteristic of a virtual group?
Virtual groups offer a leveling of the status differences that can get in the way of effective group functioning
Which step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence describes the results of the solution?
Visualization
Which of the following is an example of how women and men use language differently?
Women ask more questions in mixed-sex conversations.
Which of the following is the correct placement of words on the abstraction ladder?
a book, a textbook, a communication textbook; a song, a Disney song, a song from frozen
A person who exhibits listening fidelity _________
accurately comprehends the intent of the speaker's message
Which of the following groups does NOT meet the definition of a co-culture?
all are co-cultures, gangs, age, sexual orientation, and religion
A democratic leader ____________________.
allows members to be involved in determining the direction of various projects
When there is a time gap between when a message is sent and when it is received, one is using___.
asynchronous communication
Attribution refers to________.
attaching meaning to behavior
"Watching TV while studying is ineffective, and you should not watch TV while studying" is an example of a thesis designed to impact the audience's
behaviors
The ability to construct multiple identities is one element of ______. the ability to maintain a relationship on terms acceptable to all parties
communication competence
Every Friday, Brian delivers the week's average sales figures to his direct supervisor. His supervisor then gives the figures to the director, and the director gives the information to the CFO. The people at Brian's work interact through a __________?
chain network
Enthusiasm is most closely related to ________________.
charisma
Martin flew from Illinois to Arizona to spend time with his friend Max. When Martin arrived in Arizona, Max told him that he wouldn't be able to spend time with him except for one dinner during the weeklong visit. Considering how Max used ___________, Ma
chronemics
In traditional Chinese culture, people place great value of family, duty, order, and hierarchy. The Chinese symbol for "I" looks very much like the symbol for "selfish," and they would identify their family name before their given (first name) name. All of these markers indicate that China is very much a ___________________ culture.
collectivist
Largely due to their cultural orientation, students in the United States generally dislike group projects. Which of the following describes why this is the case (from a cultural perspective)?
competition and dissent are more prevalent in individualist cultures
Consider the role the gatekeeper plays in a wheel network. Most of the gatekeeper's influence probably comes from his or her ________.
connection power
Jackie sneered and sarcastically said, "I love your outfit," sending a conflicting message to her classmate. This is an example of a(n) _________ message
contradicting
Jackie sneered and sarcastically said, "I love your outfit," sending a conflicting message to her classmate. This is an example of a(n) _________ message.
contradicting
According to the textbook men generally interrupt conversations to _____ while women interrupt conversations to _____.
control the discussion; communicate agreement
It is a matter of historical interest that the southern accent we associate with the southern states of the United States did not develop until AFTER the Civil War. This makes sense in terms of language _________ when people modify their speaking styles t
convergence
It is a matter of historical interest that the southern accent we associate with the southern states of the United States did not develop until AFTER the Civil War. This makes sense in terms of language _________ when people modify their speaking styles to be the same as other people, often to establish higher status or prestige.
convergence
When communicators adapt their speech to fit in with others they are adopting the strategy of ______________.
convergence
Julie is having a conversation with her mom. Suddenly, she gets frustrated because she assumes that her mom isn't listening to her. Julie says to her mom: "Why aren't you listening to me? What is the matter?" Julie's remark is an example of a ________.
counterfeit question
Rebecca arrives at a local dealership to buy a new car. Right away, the salesperson takes her around the lot and shows her several new models. Rebecca listens intently to the salesperson's pitch for each car. However, she questions whether the salesperson really knows what he's talking about, and if he is sincerely interested in helping her. In this instance, Rebecca is using______.
critical listening
Fisher's four-stage group decision-making process shows that the stages of a problem-solving group are______________?
cyclical
A speaker who makes his or her purpose clear usually by stating it outright in the speech is using _____________.
direct persuasion
Vocalizations such as stammering or the use of "uh," "um," or "er," are also called ___________________.
disfluencies
The tendency to transmit message without considering the consequence of the message is called_____.
disinhibition
Fred thinks his girlfriend's family is snooty, stuck-up, and overly impressed by their religiosity. At family gatherings he never even hears someone utter so much as a "heck" when something bad happens. One day, he has had enough. He walks in and lets loose with a very impressive string of profanity to demonstrate that he is linguistically not the same as these people and would like to impress upon them his difference. While Fred might not have a particularly good grasp on how to endear himself to his girlfriend's family, he certainly has a good understanding of ______________.
divergence
Fred thinks his girlfriend's family is snooty, stuck-up, and overly impressed by their religiosity. At family gatherings he never even hears someone utter so much as a "heck" when something bad happens. One day, he has had enough. He walks in and lets loose with a very impressive string of profanity to demonstrate that he is linguistically not the same as these people and would like to impress upon them his difference. While Fred might not have a particularly good grasp on how to endear himself to his girlfriend's family, he certainly has a good understanding of _______________________________.
divergence
Paula was ready to begin her speech, so she made an "OK" gesture by forming an O with her thumb and forefinger while raising up her other three fingers. This serves as a(n)________________.
emblem
Nonverbal behaviors that have precise meaning known to everyone within a cultural group are called __________.
emblems
Nonverbal sensitivity is a major component of _________________.
emotional intelligence
Perspective taking is associated with___.
empathy
The ability to re-create another person's perspective and experience the world from the other's point of view is known as____.
empathy
Michael and Brooke are visiting France for the first time. While they enjoy visiting the museums and historical sites, they can't help but criticize the people and their culture. They specifically wish that more people would speak English and are troubled by the strangeness of French cuisine. Michael and Brook's behavior best exemplifies_____________
ethnocentrism
criticizing people of another culture
ethnocentrism
A stereotype is essentially a (n)_____.
exaggerated belief
When we use verbal and nonverbal communication to maintain our presenting image and images of others, we are engaging in______.
facework
Your friend gave you confusing directions to a party, which caused you to be late. When you arrived, you stated "Sorry I am late, I'm a terrible navigator." By using this sort of mild, self-deprecating humor to defuse a potentially unpleasant situation, you were exemplifying_____.
facework
"A black cat crossed Melinda's path yesterday and sure enough she was involved in a car accident later that same afternoon" is an example of the fallacy of reasoning termed:
faulty cause (post hoc ergo propter hoc)
Cassandra is mad at her friend, Nicole, for spreading rumors about her at school. Consequently, Cassandra decides to get back at her by posting embarrassing pictures of her online. She also persists in making hateful and hurtful comments about Nicole on hair
flaming
The study of the communicative function of touch is known as _________.
haptics
Research indicates that high-achieving teams_______.
have results-driven structure
Research has indicated a link between heavy reliance on mediated communication and _____.
increased loneliness
A conclusion based on an interpretation of evidence is called a(n) _________________.
inference
The primary purpose of a persuasive speech is to:
influence, convince, motivate, sell or stimulate action.
During the group meeting, Laura presents the enormous amount of research she collected for their project. In this capacity, Laura is acting as the______________.
information giver
The decline in efficiency that occurs when the rate of complexity of material is too great to manage is called _______________.
information overload
The decline in efficiency that occurs when there is a shortage of the infomation that is necessary to operate effectively is called_______________.
information underload
The style in which the leader gives up the power to dictate, transforming the group into a leaderless collection of equals, is called _____________.
laissez-faire leadership
When the brain interprets sound and gives meaning to the sound, it is called_______.
listening
Mario recently came to the United States through a study abroad program and currently works in the financial aid ofice at his college. The other day his supervisor asked him for his opinion about the office filing system. Mario felt uncomfortable with this question and responded by saying, "Whatever way you want it, that's fine by me." It is likely that Mario comes from a _____________.
low power distance culture
Julia told Kacie that Taylor was "loaded." Kacie took this to mean that Taylor had had too much to drink, whereas Julia had meant that he was very wealthy. This is an example of:
meanings are in people, not words
Momentary expressions that reflect an emotional state are called _____________.
micro expressions
Eddy agrees with something his friend Ronald just said about basketball. To nonverbally communicate his agreement through the function of substituting, Eddy should ____________.
nod his head
How do online support groups differ from face-to-face supportive encounter?
online support groups allow anonymous self-disclosure.
The process of arranging information in the environment in a meaningful way is called_____.
organization
Every Sunday, Terry meets her friends at the local coffee house. Terry is of European descent while her friends are Latina. If cultural differences are salient, Terry would be considered part of a(n) _________,
out group
Being of different cultural salient
out-group
A discussion format in which participants consider a topic more or less conversationaly, without formal procedural rules, which is sometimes facilitated by a moderator is called a _______________.
panel discussion
In the questions-and-answer period following his speech, Will responded: "If I understood your question correctly, you are asking how I interpret the legal battle. Am I correct?" In this instance, Will is _____.
paraphrasing
Noticing the behaviors of members of another culture for the purpose of acquiring culture-specific information is known as _______.
passive observation
Self-concept refers to how the self is _____ while self-esteem refers how the self is______.
perceived; evaluated
Sandy really likes talking to Belinda. Every time she speaks with her, Sandy feels calmer and less anxious. Sandy is using her interactions with Belinda to fulfill her______.
physical needs
All during class, Nate was distracted by the construction work going on outside. As a result, he couldn't remember most of the teacher's lecture. Nate's listening difficulties, in other words, were caused by_________.
physical noise
Lee is trying to show his friend the dent in his car's front bumper from a recent traffic accident. "See, it's next to the license plate," he says. To nonverbally communicate his message through the function of repeating, Lee should __________.
point at the dent
Cultures that allow for flexible schedules in which multiple tasks are pursued at the same time are said to be ____________.
polychronic
Hedges, hesitations, intensifiers, and disclaimers are all forms of __________________ language.
powerless
simple, easily pronounced, and rhythmic
powerless
Unfairly biased and intolerant attitudes towards others are known as ___________ while ____________ is the attitude that one's own culture is superior to others.
prejudice; ethnocentrism
The study of the way people and animals use space is called _____________________.
proxemics
When students attend classes they likely sit between 12-25 feet away from the professor. This is an example of appropriate ____________ distance.
public
Zach thinks he should get to eat the last slice of pizza because he paid for the pizza. "It's my pizza, " he says to his friends. To nonverbally communicate his message through the function of accenting, Zach should ________.
put verbal emphasis on the word "my"
Often, our attention will wander when listening to others; for example, when daydreaming or thinking about personal interests. According to the textbook, this is usually caused by_______.
rapid thought
Speakers preparing to use sources to establish credibility should do all of the following EXCEPT
search only for sources that support their persuasive argument
Although one could select the same topic for an informative and a persuasive speech, in a persuasive speech the speaker should
select a position and argue from that side.
Our perception of what is unique about ourselves and what makes us both similar to and different from others is known as_____.
self-concept
When a person's expectations of an outcome, and the subsequent behavior, cause the outcome to occur, it is called______.
self-fulfilling prophecy
Judy did not correctly complete a task that her supervisor had given her. Judy's supervisor attributed the unsatisfactory result to Judy's failure to listen well or try hard enough. Judy felt that her errors were due to unclear instructions and to her supervisor's failure to allow enough time to complete the task. Judy's explanation is a example of_____________
self-serving bias
Judy did not correctly complete a task that her supervisor had given her. Judy's supervisor attributed the unsatisfactory result to Judy's failure to listen well or try hard enough. Judy felt that her errors were due to unclear instructions and to her supervisor's failure to allow enough time to complete the task. Judy's explanation is an example of
self-serving bias
One study revealed that when a name is ________ it is judged more favorably than ones that lack these qualities.
simple, easily pronounced, and rhythmic
James is great at talking to his peers but is not so skillful when communicating with authority figures. This illustrates how communication is
situational
By communicating pleasure, affection, and inclusion, we satisfy our___.
social needs
being from a different economic status then others
socioeconomic status
Interrupting may be considered a form of _________.
stage hogging
Snap judgments become particularly problematic when they are based on_______
stereotyping
Snap judgments become particularly problematic when they are based on_______.
stereotyping
When a person makes exaggerated generalizations about a group, he or she is engaging in ______________.
stereotyping
A discussion format in which participants divide the topic in a manner that allows each member to deliver in-depth information without interruption is called a ______________________.
symposium
Spreading your textbooks and backpack out on the library table is a way of indicating ____________.
territory
Before offering advice, you need to make sure that ______.
the advice you're giving is the best course of action
Effective followers_________________.
think for themselves
Kathleen was very nervous to be attending a wedding ceremony conducted in a different faith tradition than her own. She had never been to a different type of wedding ceremony, had never entered a different building of worship, and had never interacted with the majority of the people who were also attending the wedding. The more she thought about her lack of experience and knowledge the worse she felt. By the time she attended the wedding, she had worked herself up into the certainty that the experience would be awful. In terms of intercultural competence, Kathleen suffers from a serious lack of:
tolerance for ambiguity
certainty that an experience will be awful without knowing for sure
tolerance for ambiguity
The first language we learn as infants is _____________.
touch
Which of the following questions should be asked when crafting a behavioral description?
who is involved, in what circumstance does the behavior occur, and what behaviors are involved.
Intrapersonal communication is communication____.
with oneself