Dentistry (VTNE-Prep)

What mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth?

Cementum

Dentin is covered by?

Cementum and enamel

The occlusal surface of a caudal tooth is defined as the?

Chewing surface of the tooth

Which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true?

Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis.

Class 2 malocclusions in which the teeth in the mandible are distal to their maxillary equivalents is termed?

Distoclusions.

Another term for neck lesions on feline teeth is?

Feline external odontoclastic resorptive lesions

Severe stomatitis is a clinical sign commonly associated with which of the following feline disorders?

Feline immunodeficiency virus

Feline cervical line lesions./feline neck lesions./feline resorptive lesions are of great concern to veterinarians. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false?

Feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration.

The most common dental procedure performed on horses is?

Floating

The most common dental procedure performed on a horse is?

Floating (Where the hypsodontic teeth are filed down to an even length).

Free or marginal gingiva?

Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth

What term identifies the tooth surface facing the cheeks? - Apical - Rostral - Furcation - Buccal

Buccal

Which of the following is a proper dental term for describing a tooth surface?

Buccal - facing the cheek

The heaviest calculus deposition in dogs and cats is typically located on the?

Buccal surfaces of the upper cheek teeth

Normal scissor occlusion is when the maxillary fourth premolars occlude?

Buccally to the mandibular first molar.

What term identifies the hard, mineralized substance on the tooth surface?

Calculus.

A curette can be....?

Can be used either supragingivally or subgingivally

In which of the following species do the teeth fail to continue growing?

Cat (Remember Horses have hypsodontic dentition)

In patients with severe, chronic periodontal disease and possible osteomyelitis, antibiotics are often begun before a dentistry is performed. What is the most common antibiotic chosen for these animals?

Clindamycin

The pulp of the tooth has which of the following functions?

Contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensation to the tooth.

What term identifies the instrument used for root planing?

Curette.

Pocket depth is measured from the?

Current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus

What is the main purpose of premolar teeth?

Cutting and breaking

A client wants to know what chew toy would be safest for her dog's teeth. You suggest that she is best to give Fido a?

Dense rubber exerciser

As part of normal tooth growth, what part of the tooth thickens?

Dentin

The bulk of a tooth is composed of?

Dentin

Which of the following is a proper dental term for describing a tooth surface?

Distal - farthest from the midline

The only radiographic view that can be made with a true parallel technique is?

Distal mandibular view

When performing dental prophylaxis, you should be sure to wear?

Mask, eye protection, gloves

Prevention of periodontal disease involves all of the following except?

Regular exercise. (Will not prevent periodontal dz).

Gingivoplasty is the?

Removal of hyperplastic gingival tissue.

An older dog with dental disease is presented to the clinic with a draining tract below his right eye. What is the most likely cause?

Right-sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess.

What tissue is not part of the periodontium?

Root

Removal of calculus and necrotic cementum from the tooth roots is called?

Root planing

"Apical", means "toward the ______ ."?

Root tip

What is the directional term for "toward the front of the head"?

Rostral

A ventral-dorsal view in which the x-ray beam passes from the bottom of the jaw through the teeth is?

Rostral mandibular view.

A dorsal-ventral view in which the x-ray beam passes from the top of the nose through the teeth is?

Rostral maxillary

When performing dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipment includes?

Safety glasses, mask, and gloves

A curette is used to?

Scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus.

A scaler is used to?

Scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth's surface.

What term identifies the instrument used for removal of supragingival calculus?

Scaler.

In normal occlusion, the bite is termed?

Scissor bite.

Fractured deciduous teeth should...?

Should be extracted.

As a dentifrice for use in small animals, baking soda?

Should not be used as a dentifrice for animals.

For dental radiography of the canine tooth, you should use what size of dental film to ensure that the whole tooth is included?

Size 4 dental film.

The purpose of polishing during the dental prophy is to?

Smooth out the rough areas and retard plaque formation

Ultrasonic scaling...?

Sprays the tooth with water to cool the tooth and prevent pulp damage

The purpose of fluoride treatment is to?

Strengthen enamel and help desensitize teeth

Fluoride acts to accomplish all but which of the following?

Strengthen the periodontal ligament

The term "Hyperdontia" refers to?

Supernumerary teeth (aka-polyodontia). Or extra teeth within the oral cavity.

The buccal surface of the mandibular molars in a dog refers to the?

Surface in contact with the cheek tissue

What drug should not be given to pregnant dogs because it may cause discoloration of the puppies' teeth? - Amoxicillin - Tetracycline - Chloramphenicol - Penicillin

Tetracycline

The crown of a tooth is defined as?

That portion above the gum line and covered by enamel.

The first dental examination should occur when?

The animal is 6 to 8 weeks old.

The bisecting angle technique is a method for radiographing the oral cavity. The description that adequately describes this technique is?

The central radiation beam is directed perpendicular to the line that bisects the angle formed by the film and the long axis of the tooth.

When polishing teeth using an air-driven unit, the speed of the hand piece that should be used is the?

Low speed.

If the lower incisors seem to be excessively loose in a brachycephalic or miniature-breed dog, the....?

The depth of the gingival sulcus should be tested.

Which of the following statements is false regarding patient safety during a dentistry? - An appropriately sized mouth gag is essential to prevent temporomandibular joint damage. - The endotracheal tube should be uncuffed so that the tube can be easily manipulated when performing dentistry. - Large-breed dogs should be rolled with their legs under to prevent a gastric dilatation and volvulus crisis. - One must monitor the patient to ensure that fluids and debris from the dentistry do not gain access to the trachea.

The endotracheal tube should be uncuffed so that the tube can be easily manipulated when performing dentistry.

Dry Socket/Alveolitis

common complication after an extraction where the blood clot has not formed or is lost; also called alveolitis.

enamel hypoplasia

incomplete development of tooth enamel.

The normal periodontal pocket depth in the dog is?

less than 3 millimeters.

Radiopaque

substance does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white (or light gray) on the resulting film. Example: metal.

Surface of the tooth toward the cheek is?

Buccal

Surface of the tooth toward the lips is?

Labial.

Surface of the tooth toward the tongue is?

Lingual

Fewer teeth than normal is?

Oligodontia

What is the proper dilution of chlorhexidine solution for use in the mouth??

0.2%

The range for acceptable gingival sulcal measurements in cats is?

0.5 to 1 mm

Which of the following teeth are not normally present in the adult cat?

05. Which is Normally the First-Premolar out of 4 total ones in the dog.

Using the modified Triadan system, the right maxillary teeth would be in the ______ series?

100

The correct dental formula for an adult cat is - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1) = 30 - 2(l 4/4 C 1/1 P 2/3 M 1/1) = 34 - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 2/3 M 1/1) = 30 - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 2/1) = 32

2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1) = 30

The correct dental formula for an adult dog is - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/4 M 3/3) = 42 - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 3/2) = 42 - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3) = 42 - 2(l 4/4 C 1/1 P 3/4 M 3/3) = 46

2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3) = 42

Using the Triadan system, the proper way of describing a dog's first upper left permanent premolar is?

205

The cat has which of the following numbers of maxillary and mandibular premolars in one half of the mouth?

3 and 2

The dental formula for the permanent teeth in the dog is 3 Incisors with 1 & 1 Canines, plus?

4 & 4 Premolars. With 2 upper & 3 lower Molars. Totaling 42 teeth.

The permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt at about what age?

4 to 6 months

Using the Triadan system, the proper way of describing a cat's first lower right molar is?

409

The normal adult canine mouth has how many permanent teeth?

42 permanent. (28 deciduous/baby)

Ideally, the cutting edge of the scaler should be held at what angle to the tooth surface?

45 to 90 degrees

What is the minimum age for a cat to have all of its permanent teeth?

6 months.

Of cats and dogs ages 6 years and older, approximately what percentage has periodontal disease?

85% (85% Ages 6 & Older will have periodontal dz)

?????refers to which of the following types of oral malocclusions?

?????Elongation of the head on either the left or right side

The term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is?

Brachygnathism

Prognathism is a normal condition in brachycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. It is best characterized as?

A mandible that is longer than the maxilla.

Brachygnathism is a genetic defect best characterized as?

A maxilla that is longer than the mandible.

The following statements are all true except?

A sulcus depth up to 3 mm is normal in a cat.

Once plaque has formed on a tooth, how long does it take to mineralize into calculus?

About 7 days.

An oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to?

Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth

Malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors?

Anterior crossbite

When one or more of the upper incisors rest caudally to the lower incisors and the rest of the occlusion is normal, it is called?

Anterior crossbite

Nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth through the?

Apical delta.

What is the directional term for "toward the root"?

Apical.

Perioceutics refer to which of the following?

Application of time-released antibiotics directly within the oral cavity.

What term identifies the wearing away of teeth by tooth-against-tooth contact during mastication?

Attrition.

The flap side of the dental film should be facing?

Away from the tube head.

Malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position, or the mandible is narrowed?

Base-narrow mandibular canines

The pulp canal of a tooth contains?

Blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

Chlorhexidine contributes to dental prophylaxis by?

Bonding to the cell membrane and inhibiting bacterial growth.

A bulldog would be described as having what type of head shape?

Brachycephalic

The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following except?

Enamel

Also called , the name for a condition where sections of the tooth enamel are reduced or missing is ?

Enamel hypoplasia

A dog that was exposed to distemper perinatally may develop which of the following oral pathologic conditions?

Enamel hypoplasia.

While performing a routine prophylactic dentistry. the veterinary technician notes a large, red raised lesion on the lip of her feline patient. The client noted that the lesion "comes and goes." What is a reasonable differential for this?

Eosinophilic ulcer.

The most common benign soft tissue tumor of the oral cavity is?

Epulide tumor

What term identifies the loss of tooth structure by chemical means?

Erosion.

What term identifies the instrument used to detect subgingival calculus?

Explorer

The space between two roots, where they meet the crown, is called?

Furcation

What term identifies the space between the roots of the same tooth? - Apical - Rostral - Furcation - Buccal

Furcation

Two tooth buds that grow together to form one larger tooth is referred to as?

Fusion

The term for a tooth that has one root but two crowns is?

Gemini.

Excessive growth of gingival tissue is termed?

Gingival hyperplasia.

The shrinkage of free gingiva in the presence of bacteria, plaque, and/or dental calculus is termed?

Gingival recession

In what grade of periodontal disease does early pocket formation occur without initial bone loss?

Grade 3

In veterinary dentistry, chlorhexidine solutions are used because they?

Have antibacterial properties

The deciduous incisors?

Have roots that are proportionately longer than the roots of permanent incisors

Topical fluoride...?

Helps desensitize teeth and slows the rate of plaque formation.

When scaling gross calculus from the teeth?

Hold the scaler using a modified pen grasp

Mrs. Walker comes to pick up her dog after dental prophylaxis has been performed. Which of the following topics would be least helpful to be discussed as a part of the discharge instructions?

How to give injections

The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to the?

Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane.

The most common mistake made in treating periodontal disease is ?

Inadequate root planing

Canine Dental Formula

Incisors: 3 & 3. Canines: 1 & 1. Pre-Molars: 4 & 4. Molars: 3 & 2. 42 teeth total.

Feline Dental Formula

Incisors: 3 & 3. Canines: 1 & 1. Pre-Molars: 3 & 2. Molars: 1 & 1. 30 total teeth.

Stomatitis is the?

Inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue.

After polishing with a prophylactic paste that contains fluoride, rinsing with diluted chlorhexidine?

Is less effective, because the fluoride interferes with bonding of chlorhexidine to tissues

Enamel, which is the hardest body substance ?

Is relatively nonporous and impervious.

A biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous epulis; what can be said about this growth?

It is a nonmalignant tumor.

The upper fourth premolar communicates with what sinus?

Maxillary

Felines Carnassial Teeth?

Maxillary 3rd Premolar. Mandibular 1st molar.

Canine carnassial teeth

Maxillary 4th Premolar. Mandibular 1st molar.

What teeth on each side of the mouth in a dog have three roots?

Maxillary fourth premolars and first and second molars.

The "Palatal Surface" refers to?

Maxillary teeth on inside surface of mouth. (closest to tongue, but on roof of mouth.)

Class 3 malocclusions in which the mandibular teeth are occluded mesial to their maxillary equivalents is termed?

Mesioclusions.

The root length of an upper canine is how long compared with the length of the exposed portion of that tooth?

One and a half times the length.

Dry socket is more likely to occur when one?

Overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form

Generally speaking, most dental instruments should be held as you would a?

Pencil

In radiographs, an apical abscess appears as a?

Radiolucent or black area around the apex of the tooth.

Sometimes a 0.12% chlorhexidine solution is sprayed in the patient's mouth before beginning dental prophylaxis. What is the benefit of this activity?

Reduces the bacterial load in the mouth to reduce exposure to the technician who performs the procedure.

The thin film covering a tooth that comprises bacteria, saliva, and food particles is?

Plaque

Which of the following statements is false with respect to polishing an animal's teeth following scaling?

Polishing is a means for removing stubborn plaque that occurs below the gumline (Is False).

More teeth than normal is?

Polydontia

Malocclusion in which the upper fourth premolar lies palatal to the first molars?

Posterior crossbite.

The carnassial teeth in dogs are?

Pre-molars (4th upper). & Molars (1st lower).

Malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons except?

Presence of resorptive lesions leading to destruction of teeth

The instrument used to measure pocket depth is a periodontal?

Probe

The nerve and blood vessel of a tooth is located in the?

Pulp cavity

Which of the following statements about eruption of permanent teeth is false?

The permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines. (False)

Which statement concerning the polishing aspect of dental prophylaxis is least accurate?

The polisher should remain on the tooth for as long as is needed to polish the tooth. (Least accurate).

The furcation is best described as?

The space between two roots where they meet the crown.

Which of the following statements is false when performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis? - The ultrasonic scaler should not be on the tooth for longer than 20 seconds at a time to prevent thermal damage to the pulp cavity. - The ultrasonic scaler should be grasped like a pencil. - The side of the instrument should be used rather than the tip against the tooth. - The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival and subgingival scaling.

The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival and subgingival scaling.

You are looking at your dental radiograph and notice that the tooth is elongated. This happened because the beam was perpendicular to the?

Tooth

When the pulp cavity of a tooth is exposed, what is the appropriate procedure(s) that should be performed?

Tooth extraction or pulp capping

The Triadan system is a?

Tooth identification system designed to aid in dental charting.

A complication that may develop if subgingival plaque is improperly removed is?

Torn epithelial attachment.

You have an instrument in your hand that has two sharp sides, a rounded back, and a rounded point. You are holding a?

Universal curette

Dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple?

Up and pointing rostrally

What tooth has three roots?

Upper fourth premolar

The carnassial tooth in the cat is also known as?

Upper last premolar.

When using hand instruments to clean teeth?

Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin.

To prevent the pulp tissue from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, which of the following should be done?

Use constant irrigation.

To protect the pulp tissue of teeth from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should?

Use constant irrigation.

Between patients, it is best to use the following order for maintaining instruments:?

Use. wash. sharpen. and sterilize.

Which of the following cardiac diseases is often associated with severe dental disease?

Vegetative endocarditis

Malocclusion in which one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side?

Wry mouth

An elongation of one side of the animal's head results in?

Wry mouth.

Dental plaque

a gummy mass of bacteria that grows on teeth and can lead to dental caries and gum disease. Also known as Biofilm.

dentifrice

a paste or powder for cleaning the teeth.

Radiolucent

a substance that allows x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film.