Developing Through the Life Span

Only a small proportion, about _____ percent, of U.S. teens wish they were someone else.

20

Nadine hears a television talk show guest remark, "A baby's mother provides it with food, and that's the basis for attachment." Nadine immediately realizes that this statement is false because she is familiar with:

Harlow's work with monkeys.

Jason is 16 years old. One day he has blonde hair; the next day it is green. One day he looks goth, and the next he looks like a jock. He recently asked his parents if he could get a tattoo. Should Jason's parents be worried?

No, this is just Jason trying to find his identity.

Sara just found out that her sister conceived about seven days ago. She rushes to find a book on pregnancy so that she can learn more about it. What will the book say is happening around the seventh day of pregnancy?

The cells of the zygote are beginning to differentiate.

Laurent is 16 years old and is trying different clothes and hairstyles. His father is confused and sometimes shocked by his son's pairing of shirts and pants, the earrings, chains, and hair colors. His mother, on the other hand, just laughs. According to Erik Erikson, Laurent is in the stage of development called identity versus _____.

role confusion

Beginning at around 8 months of age, infants may become fearful around unfamiliar people. This is called _____ anxiety.

stranger

From ages 3 to 6, the brain's neural network is sprouting MOST rapidly in the _____ lobes

frontal

Research participants are presented with this scenario: "There is a runaway trolley headed for five people. All will certainly be killed unless you push a larger stranger onto the tracks, where he will die as his body stops the trolley. Will you push him?" What are the likely results to this question?

most will say no

Which choice pairs a parenting style with the correct description?

negligent—uninvolved

Five-year-old Ling is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At her age, this development is likely due to:

neural networks sprouting in her frontal lobes.

Which choice BEST expresses the number of genes that have been linked to autism spectrum disorder?

over 400

Larry's parents divorced when he was five. His father moved out of the area, and his mother is kept busy with trying to keep a roof over their heads. Larry is now 13 and has been getting into some minor troubles at school and with the law. Despite this, his mother still allows Larry to come and go as he wishes, she rarely if ever punishes him, and gives in to whatever he wants. She feels guilty about the divorce and that he does not have a father. Larry's mother has a(n) _____ parenting style.

permissive

During the _____ stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children are able to represent things with words and images and use intuitive rather than logical reasoning.

preoperational

An example of prospective memory is: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. remembering to buy bread at the store. recalling one's first birthday. listening to the lyrics to an old song. memorizing a list of names.

remembering to buy bread at the store.

Luca's parents set firm rules but are responsive to his needs. They give him a chance to explain himself, and also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight. Luca's parents have a(n) _____ parenting style.

Authoritative

Anatoli and Andrei are 11-month-old identical twins. Anatoli took his first steps yesterday. How soon will Andrei take his first steps?

Probably within a day; identical twins generally begin walking on nearly the same day.

This psychologist proposed that children learn by internalizing their culture's language and relying on internal speech.

Vygotsky

Asperger syndrome is now called _____ disorder.

autism spectrum

Dr. Murphy studies a group of schoolchildren and follows their progress through college. Dr. Murphy is MOST likely a _____ psychologist.

developmental

Like infants all over the world, Jonah could sit before he could stand, and stand before he could walk. This orderly sequence of motor milestones reflects:

maturation

Genes versus experience is another way of referring to the _____ debate.

nature vs. nurture debate

The part of one's sense of self that comes from group memberships is _____.

social identity

With respect to parenting style, coercive is to confrontative as _____ is to _____.

authoritarian; authoritative

Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of another person's state of mind are most characteristic of _____ disorder.

autism spectrum

This week Andrea is babysitting twins, Cassy and Nikki. She bakes the girls brownies and Cassy complains that her sister has more brownies than her. Andrea divides one of Cassy's brownies in half and asks her if it is now fair. Cassy replies, "No, all you did was cut it in half." Cassy is now in which stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's theory?

concrete operational

The local hospital has publicized for years that new parents should have their babies sleep on their backs and not their stomachs in order to reduce incidences of crib death. How might following this good advice impact their baby's development?

crawling will be delayed

An introductory psychology student expresses an interest in growth and change during childhood and adolescence. Which psychology course should the student consider taking next semester?

developmental psychology

Clay is hiding under his blanket so that he is invisible. He believes that if he cannot see his parents they cannot see him. Clay is demonstrating:

egocentrism

The correct order of prenatal development is zygote, _____, and fetus.

embroyo

The MOST immediate and direct function of the rooting reflex is the facilitation of:

feeding

Children start to gain control over their attention beginning in preschool. This control is related to a growth spurt in the brain's _____ lobe.

frontal

As is typical of infants and young children everywhere, Janae first produced one-word sentences, then two-word sentences, and, finally, sentences of several words. This orderly sequence of language acquisition reflects:

maturation.

Gabriel recently signed up for a website that reunites one with former classmates from grade school. He is curious to see if many of his former friends still look and act the same. Research on stability and change would predict:

that some things about his friends will be the same while other aspects will be quite different.

Fran's life is more hectic than ever. She is 55 years old and works full time. Her son just graduated from college, but since he cannot find a job he moved back home. Fran's mother is getting frail and she is thinking about putting her mother in an assisted living facility. Fran is experiencing:

the tugs of the sandwich generation.

To most people the sexual abuse of a very young child is so emotionally repulsive that they immediately recognize it as immoral. This BEST illustrates that moral judgments may possibly reflect:

unconscious decision making.

The conclusion of many researchers regarding the stability versus change developmental issue is that:

while some characteristics are stable, both stability and change are part of development.

The correct order of prenatal development is:

zygote, embryo, fetus.