Developmental psych ch 6

A college student repeats the names of Piaget's stages of cognitive development over and over to herself. The student is using a learning strategy called _____

rehersal

Which child is the MOST likely to be rejected in elementary school?

Rafael, who acts much more feminine than his male peers

Which child is in middle childhood?

Toya, who is 8

Which child displays externalizing tendencies?

Ginny, who is impulsive

The process by which axons become coated with a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron is called _____

myelination

Teresa was humiliated when her teacher yelled at her in front of the class. Jason felt terrible about insulting his younger brother and apologized. Teresa experienced _____, while Jason felt _____

shame; guilt

______ develops when people feel unable to affect the outcome of events, and so give up without trying.

learned helplessness

Studies in the United States and in Europe reveal that compared to their counterparts in the past, today's elementary school children are _____ physically proficient

less

Working memory can hold about _____ chunks of information

7

Empathy refers to

feeling the emotions of another person

Pablo gets teased for looking different and is pushed around by some classmates almost every day at school. Pablo is the victim of _____

bullying

Western legal systems that suggest that children who are 7 or 8 years old have attained the ability to reason are consistent with Piaget's theory because basic reasoning skills appear during the _____ period

concrete operations

When asked to explain why Josie is her best friend, Samantha answers, "Because she makes me laugh and is nice to me." These girls are MOST likely _____ children because they describe their friendship in terms of _____

elementary school-age; internal qualities

Feeling the exact feeling that someone else is experiencing is called _____

empathy

Following a stroke, Harriet has difficulty ordering problem-solving steps in a logical sequence. Additionally, she is much more impulsive than she had been before the stroke. Harriet's _____ appear(s) impaired, reflecting damage to the _____ lobe

executive functions, frontal

Six-year-old Beth is loud, disruptive, and aggressive. Beth may have _____ tendencies

externalizing

Six-year-old Mikey gets very angry at school and will often have outbursts in class in which he yells at the teacher and knocks over his desk. Mikey has _____

externalizing problems

Disruptive and aggressive behavior may indicate ____

externalizing tendencies

Chelsea is 18 years old and has just acquired her driver's license. Despite her mother's warnings, she still acts impulsively when she drives. For example, she always speeds up to "beat" yellow lights, and she changes lanes without looking. Chelsea's impulsivity may be caused by the slow development of her _____ lobes

frontal

Ten-year-old Ramon will feel _____ if he fails to resolve the Eriksonian psychosocial task of middle childhood

inferior

Jason believes he is a failure at everything he does. He is timid, anxious, and does not try, even when he could succeed. Jason has developed _____

learned helplessness

Bryce is celebrating his ninth birthday. Bryce is in the _____ stage of life

middle childhood

Treatments for ADHD do NOT include ____

strict discipline

What is the goal of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program

to develop a schoolwide norm not to tolerate peer abuse

Even the nicest children might engage in bullying if they ____

are in a classroom where the behavior is frequent and tolerated

The ingredients of a problematically aggressive child do NOT include ____

moral disengagement

When Ellie was 4 years old, she believed that she was the fastest runner in the world. Now that she is in third grade, her view of her running abilities is MOST likely _____.

more realistic