Diabetes Practice Questions

B

.A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following adverse effects of metformin should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider? A.Somnolence B. Constipation C. Fluid retention D. Weight gain

C

13. A nurse is preparing to administer morning doses of insulin glargine and regular insulin to a client who has a blood glucose 278 mg/dl. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Draw up the regular insulin and then the glargine insulin in the same syringe. B. Draw up the glargine insulin then the regular insulin in the same syringe C. Draw up and administer regular and glargine insulin in separate syringes D. Administer the regular, wait 1 hour and then administer the glargine insulin

ABCDE

14. A nurse is presenting information to a group of clients about nutiriton habits that prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the information? Select all that apply. A.Eat less meat and processed foods. B. Decrease intake of saturated fats. C. Increase daily fiber intake. D. Limit saturated fat to 15% of daily caloric intake. E. Include omega-3 fatty acids in the diet.

CDE

15. A nurse is teaching foot care to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A.Remove calluses using the OTC remedies B. Apply lotion between toes C. Perform nail care after bathing D. Trim toenails straight across E. Wear closed-toe shoes.

ABCD

16. A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has HHS. The nurse should identify that which of the following data confirm the diagnosis? Select all that apply. A.Evidence of recent MI B. BUN 35 C. Takes a Calcium Channel Blocker D. Age 77 yrs E. No insulin production

BCDE

17. A nurse is assessing a client who has DKA and ketones in the urine. The nurse should expect which of the following? (Select all that apply). A.Weight gain B. Fruity odor of breath C. Abdominal pain D. Kussmaul respirations E. Metabolic acidosis

C

18. A nurse is reviewing laboratory reports of a client who has HHS. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? A.Serum pH 7.2 B. Serum osmolarity 350 C. Serum potassium 3.8 D. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg

C

19. A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following actions should take the nurse take? A.Administer an IV infusion of regular insulin at 0.3 unit/kg/hr B. Administer an IV infusion of .45% NaCl C. Rapidly administer an IV infusion of 0.9 NaCl D. Add glucose to the IV infusion when serum glucose is 350 mg/Dl

ABCDE

20. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has experienced DKA. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Drink 2L fluids daily. B. Monitor blood glucose every 4 hours when ill C. Administer insulin as prescribed when ill. D. Notify the provider when blood glucose is 200mg/dL. E. Report ketones in the urine after 24 hr of illness

ADE

21. A nurse is providing information to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A.A viral infection can trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. B. Alpha cells in the pancreas are damaged in type 1 diabetes mellitus C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is treated with po antiglycemic medications D. Type 1 diabetes usually occurs before age 30. E. Regular exercise can reduce insulin requirements in type 1 diabetes mellitus

B

22. A nurse is assess a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A.Fruity breath B. Diaphoresis C. Ketones in the urine D. Polyuria

B

23. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is shaky and weak. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Provide SQ insulin for the client/ B. Offer 120 ml (4 oz) fruit juice. C. Give the client IV potassium. D. Administer IV sodium bicarbonate.

ACDE

24. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teachings to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A.Carbs should comprise 55% of daily caloric intake B. Use hydrogenated oils for cooking C. You can add table sugar to cereals. D. You can drink one alcoholic beverage with a meal E. Use the same portion sizes to exchange carbohydrates

ABCE

25. A nurse is planning to create dietary guidelines for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse incorporate in the dietary plan? Select all that apply. A.Weight management B. Lipid profile C. Cultural needs D. Sleep patterns E. Personal preferences

DE

A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has a prescription for pramlintide for type 1 diabetes. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A.Take oral medications 1 hr before injection. B. Use upper arm as preferred injection sites C. Mix pramlintide with breakfast dose of insulin D. Inject pramlintide just before a meal. E. Discard open vials after 28 days.

c

11. A nurse is caring for a client who has blood glucose of 52 mg/dl. The client is lethargic but arousable. Which of the following actions should the nurse preform first? A.Recheck blood glucose in 15 minutes B. Provide a carbohydrate and a protein food. C. Provide 4 oz of grape juice D. Report findings to provider

B

12. A nurse is preparing to administer a morning dose of insulin aspart to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement? A.Check blood glucose immediately after breakfast B. Administer insulin when breakfast arrives C. Hold breakfast for 1 hr after insulin administration D. Clarify the prescription because insulin should not be administered at this time

CDE

A nurse is caring for a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis? Select all that apply. A. Blood glucose 58 mg/dl. B. Weight gain. C. Dehydration. D. Mental confusion. E. Fruity breath.

D

A nurse is caring for a client in an outpatient facility who has been taking acarbose for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse plan to monitor? A. WBC B. Serum potassium C. Platelet count D. Liver function tests

B

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is starting repaglinide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the administration of this medication? A. I'll take this medication after I eat. B. I'll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat. C. I'll take this medicine just before I go to bed. D. I'll take this medicine as soon as I wake up in the morning

D E

A nurse is reviewing sick-day management with a parent of a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Monitor blood glucose levels every 3 hr. B. Discontinue taking insulin until feeling better. C. Drink 8 ox of fruit juice every hour. D. Test urine for ketones. E. Call the provider is blood glucose is greater than 240 mg/dL.

C

A nurse is teaching a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-care. Which of the following statements by the child indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should skip breakfast when I am not hungry." B. "I should increase my insulin with exercise." C. "I should drink a glass of milk when I am feeling irritable." D. "I should draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe before the regular insulin."

D

A nurse is teaching a school-age child who has diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You should inject the needle at a 30-degree angle." B. "You should combine your glargine and regular insulin in the same syringe." C. "You should aspirate for blood before injecting the insulin." D. "You should give four or five injections in one area before switching sites."

BDE

A nurse is teaching and adolescent who has diabetes mellitus about manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Increased urination B. Hunger C. Signs of dehydration D. Irritability E. Sweating and pallor F. Kussmaul respiration

C

A nurse is teaching clients in an outpatient facility about the use of insulin to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. For which of the following types of insulin should the nurse tell the clients to expect a peak 1 to 5 hr after administration? A. Insulin glargine B. NPH insulin C. Regular insulin D. Insulin lispro