Digestion
summarizing the defecation reflex you might include all of the following except
involuntary relaxation of the external anal sphincter allows defecation to occur
accurately describe gastric juice accept
it initiates chemical digestion of food
During swallowing, the epiglottis prevents choking by folding down to close off the ____ and ____ .
Larynx and Trachae
Bile is produced in the ____ and stored in the ____ .
Liver , Gallbladder
Where does food enter the stomach?
cardiac sphincter
Chyme passes from the ___ of the small intestine through the ileocecal valve into the ___ .
ileum, colon
Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes a bolus from chyme?
A bolus is food that has been chewed and swallowed, whereas chyme is the mixture of food and digestive secretions created in the stomach.
What best describes how the structures of the oral cavity work?
Once food enters the oral cavity, the teeth chew it and saliva partially digests it. During swallowing, the bolus is moved into the esophagus by the epiglottis, which folds down to block the trachae
Which of the following describes the longest portion of the alimentary canal?
The small intestine is where absorption of nutrients occurs.
the taenia coli are bands of ____ running along the outside of the colon
muscle
summarize the last few steps of the digestive process
nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine. Water is absorbed in the large intestine. Waste is eliminated through the rectum and anal canal.
Which of the following best describes the papillae on the tongue
papillae are raised projections on the tongue's surface. Circumvallate papillae create friction that helps the tongue move food.
the muscles that move the mandible during mastication are the
temporalis, superficial and deep masseters, medial and lateral pterygoids
how would you explain peristalsis to someone who needed help understanding how it works
the alimentary canal is a continuous tube. the walls of the tube include layers of smooth muscle. the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle is called peristalsis
If explaining the stomach regions to a friend you might say all of the following except?
the cardia, cardiac region connects the stomach to the duodenum
which of the following is a good description of the function of the stomach sphincters
the cardiac sphincter is where a bolus enters the stomach from the esophagus. the pyloric sphincter is where chyme exits the stomach into the duodenum
Best explanation of the structure of the colon?
the cecum leads into the colon, which begins with the ascending colong, followed by the transverse colon, the descending colon and then the sigmoid colon
Is a similarity between the circular folds and the villi?
they both increase the surface area availble for absorption