digestive system

The stomach is made up of thick walls and has the strongest muscles in the digestive system. Secretions include ( three answers)

-Hydrochloric acid -Pepsin enzymes and -fluid

Some (blank) and (blank) are reabsorbed by the colon so they are not lost from the body.

-minerals -water

The substance which moistens the food by adding juices is called

Saliva

The pancreas also plays several roles here by secreting the following digestive enzymes a. (blank) to digest and break down carbs into simple surgars. B (blank) to digest and break down fat into monoglycerides and free fatty acids.

a. pancreatic amylase: B pancreatic lipase

When undigested substance leave the small intestine, they are partly digested in the colon by (blank) living there.

bacteria

Theis process is referred to as digestion

chemical digestion

The ling tube that passes the food to the stomach is called the

esophagus

Most fiber, however is not absorbed and is passed out of the colon as (blank 2 words).

fecal matter

One type of carbohydrate, (blank) does not get broken down in the small intestine because we do not produce enzymes to break the linkage.

fiber

This substance is stored in the (blank) until fat enters the small intestine.

gale bladder

Each villus is covered with tiny hair-like projections called (blank 2 words).

micro villi -these help to greatly increase the absorptive surface area, to about the size of 1/3 of a football field.

The stomach is lined with a thick viscous substance known as which coats and protects it from its own acids.

mucus

Food is propelled through the GI tract by wavelike motions called

peristalsis

At the lower end of the stomach is another sphincter, or valve called the ( 2 words)

pyloric sphincter - This regulates the flow of partially digested food into the small intestine allowing only a little at a time to be squirted forcefully in the small intestine.

When there is an erosion in the mucosa, a person may experience a burning sensation known as an

ulcer

the walls of the small intestine are lined with millions of finger-like projections called (blank).

vitti

The gallbladder contracts and releases this emulsifier into the intestine and cause fat to mix with (blank) so that the digestive enzymes can work on it.

water

When nutrients pass through into the blood and lymph they are transported to the (blank)

-liver where they are processed to provide us with energy and building materials, ect.

This process is referred to as

Mechanical digestion

The pancreas releases an alkaline chemical called (blank) to help neutralize the acidic chyme as it enters the small intestine from the highly acidic stomach environment.

bicarbonate

When the acidic chyme enters the small intestine, much action takes place. The liver manufactures a cholesterol-containing fluid called (blank) that acts as a fat emulsifier.

bile

We need to eat plenty of (blank) to maintain the health and motility of our GI tract. When a person suffers from severe malnutrition, the villi will shrink and the person will be unable to absorb nutrients, which further weakens digestion and worsens malnutrition.

fiber

At the base of the esophagus is a circular muscle called the (3 words)

lower esophageal sphincter (also known as the cardiac sphincter) When it stays relaxed or open, the acid stomach contents can back up (reflux) into the esophagus, causing a sensation of heartburn.

In the stomach, powerful acids secreted by the stomach cell initiate the digestion of by causein it to loosen its tightly bound coils.

protein

an enzyme called begins to break down starch in the mouth.

salivary amylase

When food enters the it is chewed and ground up by the

teeth