Diversity Class Review
Which of the following sentences is an example of a substitution error?
"A dut (duck) is on the water."
IDEA 2004 regulations made a significant change from the 1997 language in regard to use of the "discrepancy model" in identifying a student as having a learning disability. Which of the following statements correctly identifies that change?
"Discrepancy" may be among a variety of methods used by school districts for determining the presence of a learning disability.
Which option is NOT included in the federal definition of emotional disturbance?
A longer than temporary response to stressful events
A five-year-old student is unable to speak due to an inability to move muscles required for speech. Which disability is represented in this situation?
Apraxia
What would be the most beneficial action a teacher could take for language-impaired preschoolers in a general education classroom?
Arranging and structuring the environment for inclusion
There are errors in the production of speech sound
Articulation disorder
How does the American Psychiatric Association classify ADHD?
As a neurodevelopmental disorder
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. "Consistently exhibited in two or more settings"
CCBD Definition
An example of mid-tech assistive technology to assist a student with reading is _____________.
Books on CD
A teacher presents instructions for an activity both by speaking and by writing on the board. This would be most helpful for a child with _____.
CAPD
This disorder is characterized by a difficulty to process sound and interpret what is heard.
CAPD
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Self-instruction is one example of this approach.
Cognitive Training
True or false? Curriculum compacting is a differentiation strategy that is rarely used in the general education classroom.
False
True/False. Concreate manipulatives, instructional aides such as picture boards, and switches are all examples of low-tech AT devices.
False
True/False. Handheld spell checker, ReaidngPen, and a portable word processor are all mid-tech devices to assist students with writing.
False
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Office of Special Education Programs, U.S. Department of Education
IDEA
Read each factor listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a challenge or area of struggle for individuals with learning disabilities. Organizational skills
Yes
Read each factor listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a challenge or area of struggle for individuals with learning disabilities. Self-concept
Yes
Read each factor listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a challenge or area of struggle for individuals with learning disabilities. Social skills
Yes
Identify the category each characteristic listed below represents by dragging the name into the location for a correct match. Self-confident
Leadership ability
What was the issue and judicial decision of Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garret F.?
Related Services U.S. Supreme Court expanded and clarified the concept of related services.
Which potential adjustment listed below is NOT an instructional modification for students with disabilities?
Rest breaks
Children have poor vocabulary development, use words inappropriately, and/or are unable to understand the meaning of words.
Semantic disorders
The speaker understands the meanings and relationships of words and uses them correctly
Semantics
Which components of language do the specific examples below represent? Drag the name of each component to the location next to the correct example. Antonyms, synonyms, idioms
Semantics
Which of the following components is a part of the content of language, as opposed to form or use?
Semantics
True or false? Family dynamics can be negatively disturbed when one of the children has a severe hearing impairment.
True
Read each possible attribute listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a benefit of response-to-intervention (RTI). Less stigma placed on learners
Yes
Read each possible demand in the list below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a unique problem that confronts secondary students with learning disabilities. Exhibiting motivation and sustained effort
Yes
Read each possible demand in the list below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a unique problem that confronts secondary students with learning disabilities. Interacting appropriately
Yes
Read each possible demand in the list below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a unique problem that confronts secondary students with learning disabilities. Working independently with little feedback
Yes
Students who have _____ often display symptoms such as short attention span, diminished concentration, distractibility, and impulsivity.
attention problems and/or immaturity
An FM system used in classrooms that separates background noise from a teacher's voice for students.
auditory trainers
This option provides supplemental and/or alternative modes of communication for students with ASD.
augmentative and alternative communication
______ can be used to give students who cannot speak a voice.
augmentative and alternative communication
People with prelingual impairments are likely to have severe learning delays largely because their hearing loss occurred __________.
before the development of language
Early research indicates that pediatric cochlear implant users are receiving substantial _____________ their development of speech and language skills.
benefit to
Which of the following conditions is considered a physical disability?
cerebral palsy
Early on, Leo Kanner characterized autism spectrum disorder to help distinguish the disorder from ______.
childhood schizophrenia
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is _____ legislation. The difference is significant because the legislation's rights are guaranteed by the _____.
civil rights; the United States Constitution
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. Speaker is unaware of the problem
cluttering
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. Symptoms also include reading and writing disorders
cluttering
Hyponasality, conversely, is caused when flow of air through the nostrils is ____. Speakers with hyponasality sound as if their noses are clamped or they have a cold.
impeded
As opposed to cognitive training, direct instruction is designed to ____________.
improve specific skills rather than correct processing impairments
Myopia is the condition in which light rays focus ____ the retina because the eyeball is longer than normal.
in front of
Tina's teacher is aware of her student's asthmatic condition. The best thing that her teacher can do is to ____ and _____.
know her triggers help tina avoid triggers as much as possible
Only one limb is involved
monoplegia
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. More prevalent in males or if a twin
stuttering
IDEA 2004 omitted ___________ technologies from the definition of assistive technologies.
surgically implanted
Which components of language do the specific examples below represent? Drag the name of each component to the location next to the correct example. Sentences constructed with passive or active voice
syntax
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) acceptance
tertiary phase
During the 2011-2012, the peak age for placement of students with EBD was ____.
16 years old
Overall, approximately _____ of children have been diagnosed with ADHD at some point in their lives.
11%
In which year did the invention of devices to magnify printed material occur?
1953
What year did Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas take place
1954
In which year did PL 85-905 provide funding to purchase and distribute closed-captioned films to state schools for the deaf?
1958
What year did Diana v. State Board of Education take place?
1970
What year did Lau v. Nichols take place?
1974
Approximately 1 in ____ individuals is born with Usher syndrome.
20,000
It is estimated that almost ____ chidlren and adolescents in the U.S. take medication to control symptoms of ADHD. The most frequent users are _____.
3 million between 11 and 17 years old
Who does a special education referral typically begin with?
A general educator
Over _____ of all students receiving special education services and related services because of emotional or behavioral disorders are adolescents.
50%
Which is NOT included in an IEP
504 accomodations
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard (1787-1851)
A French doctor who secured lasting fame because of his systematic efforts to educate an adolescent thought to have a severe intellectual disability. Recognized the importance of sensory stimulation Itard is often considered to be the Father of Speical Education.
Alfred Binet (1857-1911)
A French psychologist who constructed the first standardized developmental assessment scale capable of quantifying intelligence.
Which example below represents the kind of basic concept development needed for young children with disabilities?
A banana is smooth, not rough.
Which example listed below is an ECU?
A remote control for a radio
Alternatively, the ____ is an interview protocol that is typically used to gather more information on the child's behavior form the primary caregiver.
ADI-R
Diagnostic tool in which the primary caregiver is interviewed to assess autism characteristics
ADI-R
This assessment tool is used during the diagnostic process and is considered one of the "gold standard" assessment tools. This particular assessment gathers information by interviewing the primary caregiver of the child suspected of having autism spectrum disorder.
ADI-R
This assessment tool gathers information by interviewing the primary caregiver of the child suspected of having autism spectrum disorders.
ADI-R which is a diagnostic assessment
The family's ability to change in response to a crisis or stressful event
Adaptability
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Adaptive environments WATI categories: Activities of daily living Example of assistive technology...?
Adapted utensils, bowls, and cups
Which of the following reactions is typical in the tertiary phase of parental reaction to the diagnosis of a disability?
Adaption
How typical the behavior is for the individual's age
Age-appropriateness
Which option of those given is the major predictor of future incarceration for a child with EBD?
Aggressive behavior
Which of these factors would NOT trigger a seizure? High fever Air pollution Metabolic disorders Drugs or poison
Air pollution
Which of the following statements about the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders is NOT true?
Although there has been a drastic increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders nationally, it is not the fastest growing developmental disability.
Which example listed below describes unaided technology?
American Sign Language (ASL)
What is an appropriate mid-tech assistive technology for a child with a speech and language impairment?
Battery-operated speech-generating device
Team Teaching
Both teachers share the instructional activities equally.
Which of the following is an appropriate AT tool to address a need in the area of math?
Calculators
Which would be considered an example of person-first language?
Child with autism
Indicate whether each of the characteristics listed below is associated with PECS, CAI, or SGD. Building on visual preference of students with ASD to teach academic subject matter.
Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
What is one way assistive technology can assist in facilitating better engagement in academics for students with EBD?
Computers or tablets and smartphones allow for instant and dynamic engagement through universal design features.
Harry went to a coffee shop to get his favorite drink. When the cashier told him it would cost $3.47, Harry handed the cashier $3.
Conceptual skills
Which of the following would not be an example of a tertiary-level intervention?
Criterion-specific rewards
For which student described would the secondary level of PBS be appropriate?
Daniel recently lost a parent
If a child is subject to harsh parenting methods, what is the probable next step on the child's "risk pathway"?
Defiance of adults
The legs are more affected than the arms
Diplegia
_____ is one of the most common degenerative diseases seen in school-aged children. Before the age of three, a child may show ____. Overtime, the child will have _______.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy no sign of disability increasing levels of difficulty controlling and moving arms, legs, and head
How long an episode of behavior lasts
Duration
Level 1 of learner groups:
Gifted learners
What does IFSP stand for?
Individualized Family Service Plan
The severity of a behavior
Intensity
Late 1970s
Least restrictive environment
Which of the following is NOT considered a factor that contributes to the development of autism spectrum disorders?
MMR Vaccination
______ is not an effective instructional modification for a students with ADHD who has trouble coping with change.
Making sure disruptions never occur
The child study committee (or special services team or other similarly named group of professionals) reviews available information and decides whether further assessment is warranted. Documentation accompanying a referral typically includes all of the items listed below except which?
Medical records
Limitations of processing and storing information.
Memory
Which of the following assessments of a student's strengths may include informal measures such as a portfolio of work samples, anecdotal records, and rating scales of gifted characteristics?
Multi-factor assessment
An educational strategy that focuses on an umbrella concept that includes race, language, social class, disability, gender, and culture.
Multicultural education
An elementary school is preparing for back-to-school night. The school hallway will display flags from countries all over the world and welcome signs in thirteen different languages spoken by the students' families. The library will display books from many different cultures and languages. Interpreters will be available to help introduce parents to their children's teachers. Which concept does this scenario represent?
Multicultural education
The acknowledgment of commonalities among more than one culture and an appreciation of the differences that exist
Multiculturalism
Consider each area of impairment listed and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Cognition
No
Consider each area of impairment listed and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Motor skills
No
Review the speech and language difficulties listed below and indicate whether each would (Yes) or would not (No) affect a child with a speech disorder. Select your answer from the drop-down menu. Phonology, morphology, pragmatics
No
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. ADHD
No
Sheila's parents request a meeting where they inform the school that Sheila's removal from the classroom was unnecessary and that they are requesting, based on special education law, that Sheila remains in the general education classroom and that individual services are provided within the general education classroom. After much deliberation and advocacy from the parents, the school agrees to provide speech/language services in the general education classroom. The final version of Sheila's IEP requires for her to receive one-on-one supports in the classroom. Mr. Smith agrees to have the special education teacher come into his room and work with Sheila a couple times per week. As Mr. Smith teaches during reading class, the special education teacher rotates through the room to interact with and support as many students as she can. She provides extra help to Sheila during this time. What kind of cooperative teaching model does this most closely represent?
One teach, one support
One Teach, One Observe
One teacher presents the instruction to the entire class while the second educator circulates, gathering information (data) on a specific pupil, a small group of students, or targeted behaviors across the whole class.
Alternative Teaching
One teacher provides instruction to the larger group, while the other teacher works with a smaller group of pupils.
Identify the Best assessment based on the area of giftedness: Artistic ability
Performance or portfolio
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Neonatal Complications
Perinatal Example: Breech or prolonged delivery
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Gestational Disroders
Perinatal Example: Prematurity
Read each description of AAC devices below. Indicate whether the a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) or a Speech Generating Devices (SGDs) is being described. Are the following scenarios examples of numerical or non-numerical analysis? In this AAC option, students learn to use cards to communicate their needs and/or preferences.
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Not making eye contact when meeting someone
Pragmatic Disorder
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Not responding to a direct request
Pragmatic Disorder
Children have problems understanding and using language in different social contexts.
Pragmatics
Which statement below does NOT represent a strategy to build collaborative relationships between professionals and families?
Professionals must have a clear and reasonable timeline for when the family will have acquired sufficient English to fully participate in the child's education without translators and other supports.
Which statement below best describes how the values of culturally responsive teaching, multiculturalism, and the social construct of disability influence educational planning?
Professionals must integrate these values into the educational plans offered to students from culturally and linguistically diverse families.
Includes strategies such as keeping students with a tendency to disrupt close to the teacher, checking in briefly and frequently with students, and delivering constant feedback to students
Proximity and Movement Managment
What is the most common type of medication used to treat individuals with ADHD? Activity suppressants Antihistamines Ibuprofen Anti-psychotics Psycho-stimulants
Psycho-stimulants
Which academic area is most negatively affected for students with a hearing impairment?
Reading
Which of the following are related services?
Related services are assistance required to enable students to benefit from special education. For example, speech-language therapy, transportation, and physical therapy.
What types of strategies does a functional behavioral assessment identify?
Replacement skills
Which of the following accomplishments is associated with the Americans with Disabilities Act?
Requirement that public transpiration be made accessible to people with disabilities.
A child with impaired vision is eating at a restaurant with her mother. The server comes to their table and notices the child turning her head and body in abnormal ways. Which of the following visual impairments does this behavior suggest the child has?
Restricted visual field
Identify the Best assessment based on the area of giftedness: Creative ability
Scoring guides or rubrics
In the 2011-12 school year, about 8% of students with ASD were educated in this location.
Separate school
How did the 1988 TECH Act define assistive technology?
Services they pertain to device use
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Close a window
Setting
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Providing a cubicle with partitions for completing the assessment.
Setting
Read each example assessment accommodation described in the table below. Indicate which type of accommodation it is: presentation, response, timing/scheduling, or setting. Complete assessment in separate room
Setting
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Works well independently
Social and Emotional
Difficulties in this area often result in rejection by peers.
Social development
Which of the following is not included in orientation and mobility training for persons with visual impairments?
Social skills development
What feature in a speech-to-text device makes it an appropriate AT tool for writing?
Students can speak into the device and the device writes the speech that's spoken
Which of the following statements best describes a disadvantage of the resource room option?
Students may feel different from the rest of the students in their regular classroom.
This is a contemporary vocational option for students with intellectual disabilities that emphasizes natural supports and intensive training.
Supported Employment
Outside causes not associated with hereditary chromosomal or genetic conditions
Teratogenic causes
Which of these does NOT occur when a child developments spina bifida?
The damage can be undone
There are no uniform definitions for emotional or behavioral disorders. Which reason best explains why this is the case?
The definition of acceptable behavior depends heavily on contextual factors.
Which of the individuals listed below is primarily responsible for making sure a student with disabilities has access to the available resources after they finish high school?
The student
What is the most likely reason that a student often finds ways of being absent from school?
The student has social difficulties
A student with EBD has struggled greatly with math and reading year after year and receives no support from his parents.
The student may become too frustrated with school and dropout.
Re-word the following phrases to person-first language The bipolar student
The student with bipolar disorder
Review birth control information on the National Institutes of Health MedLinePlus website. Then define birth control and identify three birth control methods.
Tier 1
Review birth control information on the National Institutes of Health MedLinePlus website. Describe factors that influence birth control decisions.
Tier 2
Selective attention
attending to important stimuli and ignoring irrelevant stimuli
Review birth control information on the National Institutes of Health MedLinePlus website. Explain the different ways the three primary birth control methods work, and compare the key advantages and disadvantages of each.
Tier 3
Maya is a fifth-grade student with gifts and talents. She loves math and excels on a daily basis. Maya is often bored because she is completing the same activities as the rest of the class. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate to meet Maya's educational needs?
Tiered assignments
On the bus, Tim started convulsing, then lost consciousness and became very stiff. He fell over in his seat and suddenly began jerking.
Tonic-clonic
A student with a hearing impairment is using a combination of American Sign Language, fingerspelling, and speechreading. What is an appropriate service provision to promote this student's learning?
Total communication
True or false? Since passage of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), parents are required by law to participate in educational decisions affecting their child receiving special education services.
True
True or false? Some characteristics that might indicate ADHD can be seen in babies and toddlers.
True
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
highly structured
Which instructional strategy is appropriate for a student who has a receptive language disorder but has no other disabilities?
Using visual aids
How common are learning disabilities among students with ADHD?
Very common
Which characteristic are artists in a specific area often qualified to assess because they are prepared to recognize talent that is exceptional for a young person when compared with others of the same age?
Visual and performing arts
Identify the category each characteristic listed below represents by dragging the name into the location for a correct match. Good motor coordination
Visual/performing arts ability
Which example below describes a semantic problem?
When asked, "What is the opposite of 'stop'?" a child says, "car."
When is ADHD medication most effective?
When combined with behavioral interventions and environmental instructional accommodations.
What must the Individual Education Program (IEP) included for all students with disabilities under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?
Where the proposed services will be provided
Moderate to severe TBI
hospitalization and rehabilitation
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The student's chronological age or number of years left in school
YEs
Areas of reading difficulty commonly observed among students with learning disabilities are categorized by Mercer and Pullen (2005) as reading habits, word recognition errors, and comprehension errors. They also use the category "miscellaneous" for other symptoms. Read each example behavior listed below and identify the category of reading difficulty it belongs to from among the drop-down menu options. Reading words in the wrong order
Word Recognition Error
What are two of the challenges that uniquely face adolescents with learning disabilities? (Select all that apply.) Experiencing life satisfaction Working independently with little feedback Maintaining high self-esteem Exhibiting motivation with sustained effort
Working independently with little feedback Exhibiting motivation with sustained effort
A gifted student finds history class challenging. What is a possible academic challenge for this student?
Working on class assignments alone
Consider the following practices and indicate which are (Yes) and are not (No) important strategies for professionals to consider when building partnerships with families who are CLD. Respect the family's interpretation of the disability even if the professional does not see it in that way
YES
Which option below is NOT a type of input modification?
a speech synthesizer
Social-emotional development in young children with hearing impairments depends heavily on each child's ability to use ____ skills. As these children grow and mature, their capacity for receiving and using ____ often hinders their overall social-emotional growth.
communication language
Students with physical and health disabilities _____.
comprise a diverse population of individuals
An example of inattentive type of ADHD is ____.
does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents.
Chris is twelve years old and loves going to school. When he was three years old, he was diagnosed with fragile X syndrome. His current educational program emphasizes mastery of practical daily living skills. that will allow him to pursue independent living and employment after graduation. His program features what is referred to as a _____, which ______ align with the philosophy of full inclusion. Chris's teachers considered switching the type of curriculum his parents' desire to have him included with his peers as much as possible, but also inform them that Chris might also receive _____.
functional curriculum does not occasional community- based instruction
The diversity of the student population in the United States is ______, while the diversity of the teacher population is ____. Overall, the percentage of teachers who are white is much _____ than the percentage of students identified as white.
increasing decreasing higher
The grammatical rules governing the formation of words
morphology
In a certain city, a new housing complex has just opened with optimal accessibility for families with disabilities. What is this more likely to increase: the incidence or prevalence of children with disabilities in the community schools in the coming years?
prevalence
The total number of individuals with a particular disability at a given time is referred to as ___.
prevelence
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) denial
primary phase
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) grief
primary phase
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) shock
primary phase
Positive behavioral supports represent a _____ approach.
proactive
Which effect on school performance is associated with cognitive impairments?
problems with organization
_____ is often characterized by engaging in behaviors such as stealing and substance abuse in the presence of others.
social aggresion
Which of the following aspects of learning disability are common to both the federal IDEA legislation and the definition provided by the Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA, formerly known as the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities)?
that LD interferes with an individual's ability in verbal and/or non-verbal communication (i.e., reading, writing, speaking, listening) and in mathematics
Which of the following components must be included in an IFSP? A statement of the infant's or toddler's present levels of development.
Must include
Which of the following components must be included in an IFSP? A statement of the natural environments in which early intervention services shall be appropriately provided.
Must include
Which of the following components must be included in an IFSP? The projected dates for initiation of services and the anticipated duration of services.
Must include
Which of the following components must be included in an IFSP? The steps to be taken to support the transition of the toddler with a disability to preschool or other appropriate services.
Must include
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. introducing oneself to an individual or a crowd
No
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. making a comment in a conversation
No
Read each possible attribute listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a benefit of response-to-intervention (RTI). Its balanced application to all academic areas
No
Read each possible demand in the list below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a unique problem that confronts secondary students with learning disabilities. Outgrowing the disability
No
Read each scenario below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) demonstrate difficulties with theory of mind. Julian is playing with his cars and trucks in his playroom. His older sister enters the room and sits near him and starts playing too. While they are playing, a garbage truck stops in front of the house and his sister points to the truck and says, "Look, the garbage truck!" Julian does not acknowledge his sister's pointing or exclamation.
No
Read each scenario below and indicate whether the assistive technology described is (Yes) or is not (No) an example of AAC. James is a nonverbal 13-year-old student with ID. One of his teachers this year decided to provide him with a "buddy" who would talk for him as a way to promote his interaction in the class.
No
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They provide an inadequate measure of a student's cultural assimilation.
No
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They rely on a standardized test format uncommon in other countries.
No
Read each statement below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe the idea of disproportionality. Certain groups of students should not be eligible for special education services
No
Read each statement below indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI? It is a 20-26 week process.
No
Read each statement below indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI? It is generally three-tiered
No
Read each student profile presented below and indicate whether the student would (Yes) or would not (No) classify as having multiple disabilities. Alex is diagnosed with autism. He has communication and language deficits as well as some behavioral challenges. Alex's gym teacher is especially concerned with how much difficulty he has with gross motor tasks in gym class.
No
Read each student profile presented below and indicate whether the student would (Yes) or would not (No) classify as having multiple disabilities. Franny's parents have been concerned about her behavior as well as her fine and gross motor movements since she was a toddler. She has recently entered preschool. Her teacher has also expressed concern with her performance in these areas.
No
Read the list of possible ASD causes in the table below and indicate whether or not the factors described contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders by selecting "Yes" (they do) or "No" (they do not). Bad parenting
No
Read the list of possible ASD causes in the table below and indicate whether or not the factors described contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders by selecting "Yes" (they do) or "No" (they do not). MMR vaccine
No
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. Cerebral Palsy
No
Which of the following practices is a foundational principle for early intervention services? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. Child-centered practice
No
Which of the following would be considered psychosocial influences of an EBD? Drug abuse
No
The language contained in IDEA 2004 concerning who is considered a "highly qualified" special educator is complementary to the standards advocated for in ____.
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001
Rank from least severe effect to most severe effect: Death Mild disabilities No effect Severe Disabilities
No effect Mild disabilities Severe disabilities Death
Primary Prevention
No serious problem behaviors (80-90%)
Which of the following is not a type of assistive technology to support organization and study skills.
Noise cancelling earphones
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. Jesse receives several education evaluations done by an occupational therapist, a physical therapist, and a school psychologist.
Nondiscriminatory assessment
Read each item and then indicate whether it is referring to Discrete Trial Training or Pivotal Response Training. Implemented in natural contexts
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Read each item and then indicate whether it is referring to Discrete Trial Training or Pivotal Response Training. Uses student interest to increase motivation in engaging in learning oppotunities
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Uses student interests to increase motivation in engaging in learning opportunities.
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
In which instructional strategy are students confronted with authentic, real-world situations, such as global warming, that are "ill-structured problems?"
Problem-based learning
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. Sofia's parents met with the school principal to review her records and also scheduled an evaluation with a private practice speech-language pathologist.
Procedural due process
The right to receive written notifications (in parents' native language) of proposed changes to their child's educational classification or placement is a part of which component of PL 94-142?
Procedural due process
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Demography
Specific
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Musical composition
Specific
David started Kindergarten this year. The teachers learned that one of his favorite activities was lining up toy cars. She also noted that David needs advanced warning, multiple times, that clean up time is approaching to avoid a meltdown.
Restricted/Repetitive Behavior
What was the issue and judicial decision of Mills v. Board of Education, District of Columbia?
Right to Education Extended the Pennsylvania decision to include all children with disabilities. Specifically established the constitutional right of children with exceptionalities to a public education regardless of their functional level.
What was the issue and judicial decision of Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania?
Right to Education State must guarantee free public education to all children with intellectual disability ages 6-21 regardless of degree of impairment or associated disability
Match each instructional strategy to the example that describes it. Advancing skills by building on previously mastered material.
Scaffolding
Promotes independence and problem solving; builds on skills student has mastered to learn new skills; modifies level of support depending on student acquisition of skill
Scaffolding
A student who is an English learner has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and is falling behind academically. The teacher refers the student for comprehensive assessment to determine specific learning issues so that learning can be best tailored to the needs of the student. Which type of assessment accommodation will allow the student to perform best during the assessment?
Scheduling frequent breaks during the assessment
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Instructional aids WATI categories: Vision Example of assistive technology...?
Screen magnification
Which set of assistive technology devices is used to support students with visual impairments?
Screen reader, speech synthesizer, Braille input device
Indicate whether each assessment tool listed is used for diagnostic or screening purposes. ASSQ
Screening
Indicate whether each assessment tool listed is used for diagnostic or screening purposes. M-Chat
Screening
Indicate whether the purpose of each ASD assessment tool listed is diagnostic or screening. Autism spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ)
Screening
Indicate whether the purpose of each ASD assessment tool listed is diagnostic or screening. M-CHAT
Screening
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. School district required to identify a 504 coordinator
Seciton 504
A parent of a child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is experiencing guilt as expressed by the parent's statements that include, "If only I had not vaccinated him, or maybe if I had breastfed him longer." Which phase is the parent experiencing as a result of the diagnosis?
Secondary phase
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Accommodation Plan
Section 504
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Defined as a person with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity, who has a record of such impairment, or who is regarded as having such impairment.
Section 504
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. No additional funding is provided
Section 504
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Office of Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education
Section 504
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Prohibits discrimination on the basis of a person's disability in all programs receiving federal funding.
Section 504
Indicate whether each key component refers to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act or IDEA. Requires school districts to identify a coordinator for services.
Section 504
Students with asthma, allergies, arthritis, or diabetes may be helped under ____.
Section 504
Which act employs a functional rather than a categorical model for determining a disability?
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 1973-
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act passed
Francis Galton (1822-1911)
"• believed intelligence was purely hereditary• developed a rudimentary intelligence test" His contribution was to intellectual giftedness
Which of the following are supplementary aids and services?
Additional supports that are provided to enable students with disabilities to be educated with their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate.
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Positioning WATI categories: Seating and positioning Example of assistive technology...?
Adjustable desks and/or chairs
Label rather it is an advantage or disadvantage of resource rooms and the pull-out model? Students receive special help in areas of strength.
Advantage
Label rather it is an advantage or disadvantage of resource rooms and the pull-out model? Teachers of the talented can provide intensive instruction in areas of expertise, such as architecture, foreign languages.
Advantage
Label rather it is an advantage or disadvantage of resource rooms and the pull-out model? The differentiation of curriculum is separated from the classroom flow.
Advantage
Label rather it is an advantage or disadvantage of resource rooms and the pull-out model? The teacher in the pull-out program can focus on critical and creative thinking because the teacher in the regular classroom focuses on the standard curriculum.
Advantage
Adolescents and adults with speech and language impairments would need therapy services to address which of the following areas? difficulties with the production of specific sounds communicating in social situations processing information All of the above
All of the above
Smartphones can be used as____________________. Cell phones Organizational tools Alarm clocks All of the abovea
All of the above
Which of the following is an appropriate instructional practice for children with ADHD? Self observation Self assessment Self recording All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is an example of a related service used for a student on an IEP? Nutrition School Nurse Transportation All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following would be considered an assessment accommodation? Extended time Use of special equipment Frequent breaks All of the above
All of the above
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Computer access WATI categories: Computer access Example of assistive technology...?
Alternative keyboard
If an adult with LD goes to college, he or she can qualify for reasonable accommodations with proper documentation under which laws ? (Choose all that apply.) IDEA Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Americans with Disabilities Act Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 1990-
Americans with Disabilities Act passed
Which of the following options would not be an example of how an ECU may be used?
An ECU can be used to support a student while sitting and watching TV.
Which characteristic do educators frequently assess by having students build products or complete creative thinking tests while also making rubrics available to students as they embark on the assessment process?
Creativity
_____ is a set of of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a school and among professionals that enables to school and the professionals to work effectively in cross-cultural situations.
Cultural competence
CLD
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
A case history provides extensive information. Based on the options below, which information would be most beneficial for successful treatment?
Current areas of concern
Students with autism spectrum disorder demonstrate difficulties in the area of communication, social skills and behavior. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders are described as a highly heterogeneous population because characteristics and/or symptoms are manifested with extreme variation across individuals. For students who require highly structured environments to prevent displays of challenging behavior _____ is most appropriate.
Discrete Trail Training (DTT)
True or False. In the most recent data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), girls are five times more likely than boys to have autism spectrum disorders.
False
True or False. Spinal cord injury is likely caused by chromosomal or genetic defects.
False
True or False. There are biological and psychosocial risk factors associated with EBD; however, psychosocial risk factors are much more important to consider and are more likely to lead to a child being diagnosed with EBD.
False
True or False? An Individualized Education Program for any student with a disability must include work samples
False
True or False? Speech is the use of sound, signs, and symbols to communicate.
False
True or False? The Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation 2 is a commonly used measure of fluency disorders.
False
True or false? A child with a damaged lens will have macular degeneration.
False
True or false? A medical evaluations and academic achievement assessments are given to children to diagnose ADHD.
False
True or false? A pre-assessment of a student's strengths may include informal measures such as a portfolio of work samples, anecdotal records, rating scales of gifted characteristics, and evaluations by experts.
False
True or false? A student feeling different from the rest of the students in his or her regular classroom is an advantage of the resource room option.
False
True or false? Adolescents with ADHD become less distractible as they grow older.
False
True or false? All individuals with autism spectrum disorders have some degree of intellectual impairment.
False
True or false? Appropriate educational opportunities must be in place to develop the talents of children from high-income backgrounds; otherwise, millions of high-ability children from challenging socioeconomic backgrounds will fail to stay in the upper quartile of achievement.
False
True or false? Assistive technology (AT) often gives students with visual impairments an extra advantage that they need to compete successfully in educational programs with sighted peers.
False
True or false? Autism spectrum disorders are solely caused by genetic predisposition.
False
True or false? Because most learning disabilities are inherited, they are present at birth and pose lifelong challenges.
False
True or false? Biological factors associated with the development of EBD are almost always associated with some level of poverty.
False
True or false? CAI increases the ability of students with ASD to communicate needs and/or preferences.
False
True or false? Children and adolescents with ADHD who take Ritalin are more likely to become abusers of drugs later in life.
False
True or false? Children in elementary grades usually have more self-control problems at home than in school.
False
True or false? Close to 10 percent of students in U.S. schools are non-English speakers.
False
True or false? Cluster grouping is beneficial for students, but not for teachers.
False
True or false? Dustin is a student with EBD and often displays aggressive behaviors. In response to these behaviors his peers are often drawn to him and he is easily able to make and keep close friends. This is a common situation in with regard to students with EBD who display aggressive behavior.
False
True or false? Early detection of hearing loss is critical in infants and very young children because it directly impacts the development of fine and gross motor skills.
False
True or false? Families provided strong leadership in the deinstitutionalization of students with disabilities and in redefining the roles of professionals as auxiliary supports in the educational planning process.
False
True or false? If the iris is malformed, a child will have retinitis pigmentosa
False
True or false? In contrast to assessing intelligence, assessing adaptive behavior does NOT present cultural concerns that affect the outcome of the tests.
False
True or false? Inattention is the primary deficit for all students with ADHD.
False
True or false? Individuals with autism spectrum disorders rarely engage in any type of maladaptive behavior.
False
True or false? It is not important for the teacher/evaluator who is assessing the student to be aware of the issue of disproportionate representation.
False
True or false? Ivar Lovaas suggested that autism spectrum disorders developed as a result of bad parenting.
False
True or false? Jessica is a high school student with EBD. She is a student with average intelligence but performs poorly in most of her classes. Her poor performance is most definitely due to her lack of motivation.
False
True or false? Materials in Braille are always recommended as teaching tools for individuals with visual impairments. It is especially valuable for those students who can distinguish shapes and colors.
False
True or false? One of the characteristics of an individual with deaf-blindness is the inability to speak.
False
True or false? Performance is a trait of giftedness.
False
True or false? Placing the desks of disruptive students near the teacher's desk or main work area is an example of transition management.
False
True or false? Positive reinforcement works best for students who are more motivated to make changes in their behavior, whereas punishment is more effective with students who continue to refuse to follow clear expectations and rules.
False
True or false? Providing mentors and role models is a suggestion specifically for teaching Native American gifted children.
False
True or false? Providing more work to keep gifted and talented students busy when they finish their assignments early is an example of pacing instruction.
False
True or false? Providing strict lecture and using successful African American mentors are suggestions specifically for teaching Hispanic gifted children.
False
True or false? Public school personnel cannot work with families and young children with hearing impairments to stimulate language development before age 5.
False
True or false? Research findings suggest that level of intelligence is closely associated with level of performance in the speaking, reading, and writing skills of hearing- impaired individuals.
False
True or false? Ritalin has no side effects.
False
True or false? Students with ASD prefer verbal warnings rather than visual warnings.
False
True or false? Students with EBDs always have difficulty in academics, primarily as a result of cognitive or intellectual impairments due to an overall increased risk of other disabilities.
False
True or false? Teaching students complex skills such as negotiation and mediation is an example of interpersonal problem-solving.
False
True or false? The following is an example of PRT: Mrs. Harriett's class is outside for recess. During recess, Mrs. Harriet notices that Shawn, a student with ASD, is playing with a ball parallel to his peers who are engaging in a similar activity. She approaches the group of peers and asks if one of them would be willing to play with Shawn. She suggests that they switch the activity to something that aligns better with Shawn's learning goals.
False
True or false? The learning strategies approach differs from other instructional approaches for LD students mainly because it relies on methods of teaching that are effective in traditional classrooms.
False
True or false? The strength-based assessment process works by creating a "vision" for the student's future.
False
True or false? The strong focus on multiculturalism and culturally responsive teaching has resulted in major progress in areas such as forming positive relationships with CLD families that have a child with an identified disability.
False
True or false? Theory of mind refers to a shared experience of an event or an object that is the result of following a communicative partner's gaze or point.
False
True or false? Transition planning for students with autism spectrum disorders does not consider college as an option.
False
True or false? Under IDEA, all states must use the same severe discrepancy formula as the diagnostic basis for specific learning disabilities.
False
True or false?Autism spectrum disorders are defined as a pervasive developmental disorder affecting the communication domain.
False
True or false?Cerebral palsy is most likely a result of teratogenic causes.
False
True/False. School authorities identify, label, and subsequently place a student in an instructional program that is tailored to meet the student's unique needs based only on the student's interindividual differences.
False
When planning for the successful transition of students with ID after they graduate from high school, the only consideration is employment options for the individual.
False
True or false. Shelia's diagnosis is considered a low-incidence disability. (speech language impairment)
False. Speech and language impairment is the second largest group of students receiving special education services.
Partnerships require all parties to work together to build and sustain these relationships. What would be a barrier that must be considered in supporting this process?
Families from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds are often in a lower socioeconomic position.
Which of the following statements best reflects the impact on educational planning that family functions may have?
Families prioritize their functions based on complex factors. This prioritization is dynamic and responsive to various life experiences and situations.
Those features that make the family unique: family size, cultural background, socioeconomic status, geographic location, nature of disability, coping strategies, etc.
Family characteristics
The interrelated activities that are necessary to fulfill each individual's needs and the family's collective needs
Family functions
The relationships and interactions among and between the various family subsystems dependent upon their cohesion and adaptability
Family interactions
The developmental changes that occur in most families over time and that may alter the structure of the family
Family life cycle
The belief that a family is an interrelated social system with unique characteristics and needs
Family-systems model
Which of the following terms best describes the belief that a family is an interrelated social system with unique characteristics and needs?
Family-systems model
Which of these activities is the best example of functional academics?
Filling out a deposit slip at the bank
This disorder is characterized by the interruption in the flow of speech. This may include the repetition of sounds or syllables.
Fluency
Which language or communication characteristic is NOT relatively common in individuals with emotional or behavioral disorders?
Fluency
There are difficulties with the rhythm and timing of speech
Fluency disorder
What is the most recent approach of professionals working with people who have learning disabilities?
Focus on the lifelong nature of learning disabilities
Identify the category each characteristic listed below represents by dragging the name into the location for a correct match. Enjoys hypothesizing
General intellectual ability
An example of this is when skills are taught in one setting and the student struggles to demonstrate the skill in another setting.
Generalization
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. "Inability to learn"
IDEA Definition
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 2004-
IDEA Assistive Technology extended to include cost-free provisions for most IDEA
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. "Emotional disturbance"
IDEA Definition
That night at home, Amy picked up her sisters 200 page chapter book to read. She complained to Mom that she couldn't do her homework because the book was too hard to read.
Inability
Students who are diagnosed with EBD and frequently engage in aggressive behavior are more likely to experience which of the following outcomes?
Incarceration
____ refers to the number of new cases in a specified period of time, while _____ refers to the total number of individuals during a period of time.
Incidence; prevalence
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Case history
Included
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Formal standardized testing
Included
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Informal measures
Included
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Observations
Included
Select the description of characteristics and/or roles in AT decision making during the IEP determination process that most accurately describes the AT decision-making framework/assessment indicated. Matching Person and Technology (MPT)
Includes the identification and consideration of the student, the environments in which the student functions, and the tasks the student is expected to perform
Which of the following options is an example of a social and emotional characteristic exhibited by a gifted and talented child?
Intrinsically motivated
Jacob Rodrigues Pereire (1715-1780)
Introduced the idea that persons who were deaf could be taught to communicate. Developed an early form of sign language. Provided inspiration and encouragement for the work of later pioneers Itard and Seguin.
Which one of the following structures does not allow light to pass through the eye to reach the retina?
Iris
PL 107-110 emphasizes academic achievement as measured by student performance on standardized tests. Mark rather these are an implication or not. Greater emphasis will most likely be placed on ensuring that pupils in special education curriculum and that their IEP goals align to those standards.
Is an implication
How does the RTI model affect how individual school districts diagnose learning disabilities?
It allows them to utilize student input in making eligibility and placement decisions.
What is the function of the lens?
It focuses light onto the retina
Why was traumatic brain injury given its own disability category in 1990?
It has multiple characteristics
How is ADHD recognized, according to the American Psychiatric Association?
It has three subtypes
Which statement below best explains how metacognition affects reading ability?
It impairs the ability to pinpoint main ideas
Sammy was at the pool with his friends. While playing an intense game of water tag, Sammy dove into the shallow end and hit his head on the pool bottom. Sammy was rushed to the emergency room and doctors gave the news to his parents that he had incurred a severe spinal cord injury.
Acquired causes
Which of the following is an example of an academic/learning characteristic exhibited by a gifted and talented child?
Acquires information easily
Because it is difficult for Lauren to count money, her teacher helps her use a predetermined amount of money to make purchases (e.g., dollar for a soda).
Adaptions to bypass academic skills
This is an alternative area that was incorporated into assessments for individuals with intellectual disability later on; focuses on how the individual functions in everyday life.
Adaptive Behavior Test: Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale
What kind of error is a child making if she says the word "big" as "biguh"?
Addition
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Continuous monitoring of student performance throughout lessons, with immediate feedback, is a hallmark of this approach.
Direct Instruction
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Scripted, fast-paced lessons delivered to small groups of students are a hallmark of this approach.
Direct Instruction
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Teacher-guided drill and practice is a hallmark of this approach.
Direct Instruction
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. This approach is a comprehensive, highly-organized, and teacher-led instructional approach.
Direct Instruction
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. This approach uses continuous instruction until students' mastery of the content is achieved.
Direct Instruction
Which instructional approach is scripted, and has fast-paced lessons delivered to small groups of students?
Direct Instruction
Which approach is appropriate for students identified with a learning disability who need drill and practice and immediate feedback?
Direct instruction
What is the main objection many educators have to using the total communication approach with hearing-impaired students? not it places a financial burden on schools to adapt technologies for hearing impaired students.
It impedes progress toward of a deaf culture with a defining language unique to the group
Which condition would require an educator to monitor and change assistive technology as the condition progresses?
Muscular dystrophy
True or False. Around the same time that Leo Kanner was studying eleven children and defining the characteristics of autism, Hans Asperger defined the unique qualities that manifest in individuals with Asperger syndrome.
True
True or False. Determining whether an individual should qualify for special education services under the disability category of EBD can be a rather difficult process that takes into account biological and psychosocial factors, and is further complicated by the disproportionate representation of minority groups identified under the category of EBD.
True
True or False. Developmentally delayed is a less stigmatizing label for difficulties that preschool age children may exhibit.
True
True or False. In the area of disability classification, the term "low-incidence" refers to the infrequent occurrence of a disability.
True
True or False. Leading reasons why the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has significantly increased in the past decade are changes to the diagnostic criteria and increased accuracy of the diagnostic process.
True
True or False. Many characteristics of gifted and talented children resemble the characteristics of all children; however, the degree and intensity of the characteristic provide clues that the child may be exceptional.
True
True or False. One of the major causes of asthma is caused by chromosomal or genetic defects.
True
True or False. There is a universally accepted definition of emotional and behavioral disorders, as well as one common term that is used to describe this category of disabilities.
True
True or False? A free appropriate public education (FAPE) includes the concept that a child, who receives special education services, is required to receive related services, such as speech-language therapy, physical therapy, and counseling services.
True
True or False? Federal law requires that all new televisions with screens thirteen inches and larger have built-in caption functions.
True
True or False? Most learning disabilities involve some sort of language impairment.
True
True or False? The philosophy of "zero reject" holds that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability, should be provided an appropriate education.
True
True or false. According to McClanahan et al., reading on a tablet computer holds the attention of students with ADHD longer than reading on paper.
True
True or false. Noise cancelling earphones and ear plugs improve attention to tasks and decrease distractibility for students with ADHD.
True
True or false? A complex, integrated, and interdisciplinary curriculum is a required element of successful programming for twice-exceptional students.
True
True or false? A student with behavior disorders and muscular dystrophy can also be intellectually gifted.
True
True or false? A student with poor motor skills is also likely to have poor penmanship.
True
True or false? According to the research, e-readers can produce better reading outcomes and improve reading rates in students with EBDs who may not enjoy more traditional print books.
True
True or false? An example of a socioeconomic basis for disproportionality in special education is that many minority students living in poverty have limited proficiency in English.
True
True or false? Assistive technology allows individuals with physical and health disabilities to participate in almost all typical play and recreation activities.
True
True or false? Augmentative and alternative communication is a form of assistive technology.
True
True or false? Autism spectrum disorders are characterized by difficulties in the areas of communication, social skills, and behavior.
True
True or false? Avoiding unnecessary changes in schedules and monitoring transitions would be considered an appropriate environmental modification.
True
True or false? Both mid- and high-tech AAC devices use speech generating technology.
True
True or false? Boys are two to four times more likely to be identified as learning disabled than girls.
True
True or false? Children who are twice-exceptional are sometimes referred to as paradoxical learners.
True
True or false? Cultural competency is essential in the assessment of students with or at risk for EBD.
True
True or false? Curriculum compacting is an instructional strategy where time spent on academic subjects is telescoped to allow the students to make continuous progress.
True
True or false? Discrete training is highly structured approach to teaching students with ASD.
True
True or false? Discrete trial training (DTT) is a viable option for parents of a child with ASD if they are looking for an intervention strategy that is highly structured in order to accommodate their child's preferences.
True
True or false? Duchenne muscular dystrophy always gets worse over time.
True
True or false? Educators assess leadership talent by observing behaviors and reviewing a student-created portfolio that contains evidence of related opportunities outside of school.
True
True or false? In supported employment, students with ASD receive intensive training on vocational skills from a job coach.
True
True or false? Increased public awareness of autism spectrum disorders has resulted in parents paying closer attention to their children's development, ultimately increasing the likelihood of diagnosis.
True
True or false? Individuals with autism spectrum disorders prefer tinkering and/or playing with toys or objects rather than engaging in social interactions.
True
True or false? Informal methods are sometimes more effective than formal methods in assessing speech and language impairments.
True
True or false? Intrinsic motivation is an example of a social and emotional characteristic exhibited by a gifted and talented child.
True
True or false? Lack of emotional control is one characteristic of students with ADHD.
True
True or false? Maya turning her head or body in abnormal ways is a characteristic of a student with a visual impairment.
True
True or false? Mobile technology can enhance learning for students who are gifted and talented.
True
True or false? Most students with learning disabilities have problems with reading.
True
True or false? Mr. Jacobs is a special education teacher who primarily works with students with EBD. He has many concerns regarding his students' and their futures. One of his biggest concerns their increased risk of dropping out of school before graduating. This is a common concern of many teachers who work with this student population.
True
True or false? Multimodal assessment practices such as portfolios help teachers identify gifted and talented students from traditionally underrepresented groups.
True
True or false? Needing to rest his or her eyes frequently due to fatigue is a characteristic of a student with a visual impairment.
True
True or false? Ninety percent of all students with hearing impairments have parents who are not deaf.
True
True or false? Norm-referenced assessments are less effective with students who have learning disabilities than with the general education student population.
True
True or false? Of the many tools used to assess students with low-incidence disabilities, parental involvement is among the most accurate.
True
True or false? PECS assist students with ASD to better understand the role of a communicative partner.
True
True or false? Pivotal response training (PRT) is considered a naturalisitc intervention.
True
True or false? Ritalin is effective for about 70% of people who take it.
True
True or false? Ritalin is one of the more popular stimulant medications prescribed.
True
True or false? SGDs increase the ability of nonverbal students to be included in conversations with peers.
True
True or false? Siblings and grandparents are often heavily involved when a child has a severe hearing impairment.
True
True or false? Specific praise is an example of primary level-intervention.
True
True or false? Students should actively participate in transition planning.
True
True or false? Students who struggle with writing may also have difficulty with auditory memory.
True
True or false? The IDEA's definition of visual impairment includes partial sight as well as blindness.
True
True or false? The IQ score of a person with a profound intellectual disability is typically under 25.
True
True or false? The IQ scores of individuals with intellectual disabilities correlate closely with their language skills.
True
True or false? The majority of students diagnosed with learning disabilities are boys.
True
True or false? The most recent prevalence of autism spectrum disorders is 1 in 88.
True
True or false? The process of assessing students with ADHD is multifaceted.
True
True or false? The ultimate goal of transition for students with autism spectrum disorder is maximum independence and community integration.
True
True or false? The use of jot-down forms allow teachers to document observed characteristics and behaviors as they see students demonstrating the behavior outlined in the boxes on the form.
True
True or false? There has been controversy regarding the use of standardized tests such as IQ tests because some feel these tests are culturally and linguistically biased.
True
True or false? Using an expanded core curriculum to meet the needs of students with visual impairments means developing a parallel curriculum of disability-specific skills and accommodations applicable to the general education curriculum.
True
True or false? Using culturally sensitive identification practices is one way to combat underrepresentation of culturally diverse gifted learners.
True
True or false? Visual schedules are one way to increase the predictability of the environment that students with ASD prefer.
True
True or false? What is important is not the collaboration method parents and teachers use but that consistent and meaningful communication occurs.
True
True or false?A common associated characteristic of autism spectrum disorders is difficulty in generalizing skills or information.
True
True or false?In regard to hearing loss, the terms "prelingual" and "postlingual" refer to the age at which hearing loss occurs.
True
True or false?One problem with EBD students using technology is that they are somewhat likely to use the technology inappropriately.
True
True or false?The goal of an assessment of a student with a hearing impairment is to create an accurate picture of that individual's cognitive, communicative, and personal characteristics.
True
True or false?Very little attention has been paid to the use of AT for students with EBD. However, what little research has been conducted is promising and further investigation of the use of AT for students with EBD is warranted.
True
True or false?When assessing the cognitive skills of people with hearing impairments, it is critical to use evaluations that do not rely on verbal skill levels to accurately measure cognition. For people with hearing impairments, language development is often directly related to intellectual development.
True
True or false?is a condition of the aqueous humor and may cause eye pain as well as loss of visual acuity.
True
Two employment options are available for students with ASD: sheltered workshops and supported employment.
True
Unlike discrepancy testing, RTI assesses the entire student population, not just those thought to have a learning disability.
True
True or false? When the dosage wears off, children's behavior may become worse.
True.
Section 504 protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination throughout their lifespan.
Ture
Using characters embedded in digital books to provide students with prompts to help them learn is an example of how AT can support _________.
UDL
DSM-V (2013)/ DMS-5
Umbrella disorder that is characterized by limitations in social communication and/or interaction and restrictive/repetitive behavior
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. A hearing impaired infant
Unacceptable
Although a large number of impairments fall under the umbrella term "learning disabilities," all of them have which of the following characteristics in common?
Underachievement
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The parent's preferences
Yes
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The student's current and future setting
Yes
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The student's other skill needs
Yes
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The student's preferences
Yes
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach. The student's rate of learning academic skills
Yes
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a benefit of PBS for students with EBD. Aims to reduce the seclusion and punishment of students with the most challenging behaviors
Yes
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a benefit of PBS for students with EBD. Improves teacher understanding and skills regarding student problem behavior
Yes
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a benefit of PBS for students with EBD. Strives to prevent students from becoming part of the correctional, welfare, and mental health systems
Yes
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a form of communication other than speech for students who are hearing impaired? Fingerspelling
Yes
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a form of communication other than speech for students who are hearing impaired? Sign language
Yes
Consider each possible explanation for the increased prevalence of ASD listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an accepted rationale for the increased prevalence of the disorder. Changing diagnostic criteria
Yes
Consider each possible explanation for the increased prevalence of ASD listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an accepted rationale for the increased prevalence of the disorder. Creation of autism IDEA disability category
Yes
Consider each possible explanation for the increased prevalence of ASD listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an accepted rationale for the increased prevalence of the disorder. Increased public awareness
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of a medical evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Determine necessary medications or surgeries.
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of a medical evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Determine special diet or activity restriciton
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of a medical evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Diagnose a student's physical or health condition.
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of an educational evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Determine academic functioning
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of an educational evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Measure language and communication skills
Yes
Consider each possible purpose of an educational evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Observe adaptive behavior
Yes
Consider each possible source of interference listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual source that an evaluator might encounter in the process of doing a psychological evaluation. Student cannot reliably use a communication device because of severe motor constraints
Yes
Consider each possible source of interference listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual source that an evaluator might encounter in the process of doing a psychological evaluation. Student is unable to speak
Yes
Consider each statement in the table below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. About 10% of individuals with autism are considered autistic savants.
Yes
Consider each statement in the table below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders prefer to follow rigid routines, which increase the difficulty to transition from one activity to the next in the classroom.
Yes
Do the communication and language difficulties of students with EBDs impact learning? Yes or no?
Yes
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Needs to rest eyes frequently due to fatigue
Yes
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Problems with color identification or coordinating colors
Yes
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Rubs eyes excessively
Yes
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Squints or shades eyes to see objects
Yes
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Turns head or body in abnormal ways
Yes
Multimodal interventions, or concurrent treatments, are generally more effective for individuals with ADHD than any one particular strategy. Consider each treatment option below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be included in a multimodal interventions approach for ADHD. Instructional modifications
Yes
Multimodal interventions, or concurrent treatments, are generally more effective for individuals with ADHD than any one particular strategy. Consider each treatment option below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be included in a multimodal interventions approach for ADHD. Medication
Yes
Read each descriptive phrase below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe applied behavior analysis. Applies interventions systematically
Yes
Read each descriptive phrase below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe applied behavior analysis. Focuses on improving socially significant behaviors
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with externalizing behaviors. Aggressiveness
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with externalizing behaviors. Temper tantrums
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with externalizing behaviors. more commons in boys
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with internalizing behaviors. Less likely to be identified by teachers
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with internalizing behaviors. Overcontrolled behaviors
Yes
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with internalizing behaviors. Social withdrawal, depression, and compulsions
Yes
Read each factor listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a challenge or area of struggle for individuals with learning disabilities. Behavioral Issues
Yes
Read each factor listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a challenge or area of struggle for individuals with learning disabilities. Motivation
Yes
Read each possible attribute listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a benefit of response-to-intervention (RTI). Fewer inappropriate referrals for special education
Yes
Read each possible attribute listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a benefit of response-to-intervention (RTI). Fewer students recognized as learning disabled
Yes
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Which related service provider is an independent professional who provides evaluation, rehabilitation, and prevention services to persons with hearing impairments?
audiologist
Orientation and Mobility training is a unique accommodation for students who are blind or have limited functional vision. The key to orientation for an individual with impaired vision is being ____ immediate surrounds and the route to use to get to a new location while the key to mobility is the ____.
aware of actual movement from place to place
Which of the areas listed below is NOT considered when modifications for students with physical or health disabilities are being reviewed?
behavior issues
Stimulant medications can help students with ADHD by improving ______.
behavioral outcomes
The condition of hyperopia results when the eyeball is shorter than normal causing light rays to focus ____ the retina.
behind
Which of the following practices is a foundational principle for early intervention services? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. Natural environment-based practice
Yes
Which of the following practices is a foundational principle for early intervention services? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. Team-based practice
Yes
Which of the following types of assessments should be used in the evaluation of a preschool child's language skills? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (should be used) or "No" (should not be used) from the drop-down menu in each row. Adaptive behavior scales
Yes
Which of the following types of assessments should be used in the evaluation of a preschool child's language skills? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (should be used) or "No" (should not be used) from the drop-down menu in each row. Informal language sampling
Yes
Which of the following types of assessments should be used in the evaluation of a preschool child's language skills? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (should be used) or "No" (should not be used) from the drop-down menu in each row. Parent interviews
Yes
Which of the following would be considered psychosocial influences of an EBD? Child maltreatment
Yes
Which of the following would be considered psychosocial influences of an EBD? Overcrowding in the home
Yes
Which of the following would be considered psychosocial influences of an EBD? Poverty
Yes
Re-word the following phrases to person-first language A physically disabled child
a child with physical disabilities
This notion was eventually disproven, and it is now well accepted that autism spectrum disorders are caused by _______.
a combination of environmental variables and genetic predisposition
Disproportionate representation among different groups is due to _____.
a combination of factors
Intellectual disability
a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior.
Most learning disabilities are identified in_______________. adolescent males males between six- and ten-years old adolescent females preschool children of both genders
adolescent males
Students require special education services only if their physical, or health, or low-incidence disability _____.
adversely affects educational performance.
Prelingual and postlingual hearing impairments are distinguished primarily by the __________.
age of onset
Child maltreatment has been linked to externalizing disorders which are associated with ____.
aggression
Uses vibration or flashing lights, as well as sound, for doorbells, alarm clocks, etc.
alerting devices
As part of the referral process, information is gathered regarding student abilities. Sources of student assessment information may include which of the following: Observations Interview Work Samples All of the above
all of the above
Which is NOT a purpose of a positioning and seating device?
allow for walking
What is the function of the pupil?
allows light to enter the eye
This disorder is characterized by errors in the way speech sounds are produced. This may include omissions, substitutions, additions, and distortions
articulation
A child is heard saying "I weeally like wed stwawbewies." This child most likely has what type of difficulty?
articulation disorder
In A Parent's Story, Lori mentions that her son's speech developed normally at first. If that was the case, around what age did Adam say his first words?
by 12 months
For most students with EBD, social-behavioral, academic, and instructional intervention should be implemented ______.
as a package
area of accommodation or modification: For a long-term project, breaking up the project into short-term segments
assignments and classroom tests
The primary importance of language lies in its ability to ___.
assist individuals in the act of communicating and expressing thoughts and ideas
An electronic page tuner is an example of a/an ____
assistive technology
area of accommodation or modification: Using an iPad to learn the location of the mid-western states
assistive technology for specific content areas
In order to justify an LD diagnosis, a student's academic performance is typically ______________________.
at least two years below the expected level.
Software that converts speech sounds to ASL in real time for students
captioning
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to temporary or permanent injury to the brain from acquired causes. TBI may be the result of ____. ____ are among the most at risk for acquiring a TBI.
car accidents High school students
The etiology, or ____, of physical and health disabilities varies greatly and, in some instances, there may be ____ etiologies. However, _____ is not one of the common etiologies of physical and health disabilities.
cause multiple microscopia amoeba
Sensorineural hearing impairments stem from disorders of the inner ear and are likely to __________.
cause permanent hearing loss
If a child has difficulty discriminating between the words "big" and "bid," he may be exhibiting a possible sign of ____________.
central auditory processing disorder
Contractures are associated with _____.
cerebral palsy
Which is the most common physical disability among children?
cerebral palsy
When the multidisciplinary team makes the placement decisions, they must ________.
define the special education services.
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Limited(Intensity of support)
consistent, time-limited support
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Pervasive (Intensity of support)
constant, high-intensity support across all environments
Once Shelia's unmet needs have been identified, the first action the special education teacher should take is to ___.
contact the parents
What is the function of the iris?
controls the size of the pupil
transparent curved surface of eye
cornea
The attitudes, values, belief system, norms, and traditions shared by a particular group of people that collectively form their heritage
culture
Which of the following examples is an instructional strategy where time spent on academic subjects is telescoped to allow the students to make continuous progress?
curriculum compacting
If a student receives instruction in a resource room through a separate educational program, and the instructional techniques in her classroom include Braille and an interpreter, her disability is most likely classified as ____.
deaf-blindness
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Music
general
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Playwriting
Specific
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Statistics
Specific
Identify the category each characteristic listed below represents by dragging the name into the location for a correct match. Pursues special interests with enthusiasm and vigor
Specific academic aptitude
Indicate whether each of the characteristics listed below is associated with PECS, CAI, or SGD. Individually programmed to create speech upon the press of a button.
Speech Generating Device (SGD)
Logan is a nine-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder. He is nonverbal but uses an app on his iPad to communicate. When Logan opens the app, symbol options appear on the screen, and he is able to select one of them to indicate his needs or preferences. When he selects the picture, the iPad creates a voice that states his need or preference to his communication partner. Which of the following forms of assistive technology is described in the scenario?
Speech Generating Device (SGD)
Read each description of AAC devices below. Indicate whether the a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) or a Speech Generating Devices (SGDs) is being described. Are the following scenarios examples of numerical or non-numerical analysis? High tech AAC option
Speech Generating Devices (SGDS)
An Individualized Education Program (IEP) team identified the following service provisions: Social script Picture Exchange Communication System Predictable books A student with which disability will benefit from these services?
Speech and language disorder
Which skills represent the areas of development that are most severely affected for those with a hearing impairment?
Speech and language skills
Match each type of curriculum or instruction for students with an intellectual disability with its corresponding description. Standards-based curriculum
Targets academic content based on the general education curriculum
Often used to teach functional and vocational skills to students with disabilities; consists of breaking down complex behaviors into small, sequenced parts.
Task Analysis
Match each instructional strategy to the example that describes it. Breaking down tasks into small teachable units.
Task analysis
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Capacity for high levels of interest, enthusiasm
Task commitment
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Possessing self-confidence and drive to achieve
Task commitment
Which of the following is NOT a required element of successful programming for twice exceptional students?
Task commitment
Which of the following actions is NOT one of the six steps of self-instruction?
Teacher drills students using a tightly controlled script
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 1988-
Tech Act passed
Carla took several types of prescription medications and starting drinking a significant amount of alcohol on a regular basis. After several months, she suspected she was pregnant and a home pregnancy test confirmed that she was. Carla continued to take her medications and drink regularly, and she never disclosed either practice to an obstetrician (not her primary physician who prescribed her medication) she eventually went to see. Her child was born with both physical and health disabilities.
Teratogenic causes
_____ are outside influences that lead to malformations of the fetus.
Teratogenic causes
There are several different types of factors suspected of contributing to the occurrence of ADHD. Indicate whether each of the following items is contributing factor to ADHD by selecting "True" if it is or "False" if it is not. Low birth weight and prematurity are risk factors for developing ADHD.
True
True or False. According to recent figures, the majority of students diagnosed with learning disabilities successfully graduate from high school.
True
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Has 450 word vocabulary
speech (Between 2 and 3 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Forms sentences 4-5 words long
speech (Between 3 and 4 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Has a 1000 word vocabulary
speech (Between 3 and 4 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. uses short sentences
speech (between 2 and 3 years of age
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Forms sentences 5-6 words long
speech (between 5 and 6 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Imitates familiar words
speech (by age 1)
This type of AAc device is considered high tech and helps nonverbal students with ASD have a voice
speech-generating device
In addition to evidence-based strategies, students served under the IDEA disability category of autism spectrum disorder are provided additional services based on individual needs. Which of the following services would address the "hallmark" characteristic of autism spectrum disorders?
speech-language therapy
The specialist most likely to help Shelia with her special needs to develop vocabulary, pronounce words, or form sentences is the ___.
speech/language therapist
Auditory memory problems are thought to create difficulties with ____ for individuals with learning disabilities.
spelling
Sophisticated techniques to analyze the patterns or "dimensions" of behaviors have been developed and are known as ______.
statistically derived classification systems
Which of the following is not considered a factor in contributing to the underrepresentation of culturally diverse learners in programs for gifted and talented children?
strong family involvement
Family involvement in early intervention programs is ____
strongly encouraged
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders tend to perform best in ____ learning environments.
structured
Students with autism spectrum disorder prefer a _____ learning environment
structured
Which students are placed most often in a separate class?
students with multiple disabilities
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. Making words longer than they really are
stuttering
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. more pronounced in certain situations
stuttering
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. speaker may outgrow the condition
stuttering
____ is a post-school option for students with ASD that consists of intensive training, assistance or support.
supported employment
A student with a disability qualifies for special education only if __________.
the disability affects the child's educational performance
IDEA's definition of Learning Disabilities states that the condition " ... does not include children who have learning disabilities which are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor handicaps, or mental retardation, or emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage." This language explaining what LD is not is often referred to as ____________________________.
the exclusionary clause
The federal government supports the practice of full inclusion for students with intellectual disabilities; however most educators agree that _____.
the individual needs of each student should drive placement decisions
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Visual arts
general
Which of the following is an instructional strategy recommended for gifted learners?
gifted clusters
The most significant characteristic of students with EBD is that they _____.
have difficulty building and maintaining relationships
Fingerspelling is a method of communication which is most likely to be effective when instructing students who __________.
have knowledge of American Sign Language
Noise and activity levels are considered a challenge of ______.
parallel teaching
Only the legs are involved
paraplegia
The advantages of completing a case history during an assessment include helping to determine ___ that need to be addressed. Family-directed assessment helps identify what needs and priorities ____ have.
parental concerns parents
The IDEA definition of visual impairment includes both ____ and ____.
partial sight blindness
Which components of language do the specific examples below represent? Drag the name of each component to the location next to the correct example. topic maintenance, turn taking
pragmatics
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) shame
secondary phase
Which of the following actions would be easier for a teacher to complete if a student of his has undergone criterion-referenced assessment?
see a portfolio of her work determine her level of mastery in a subject
Which symptom is NOT associated with spina bifida? Not impaired executive function not memory problems
seizures
This option involves teaching students with ID how to speak out on issues that are important to them.
self-advocacy
How words relate to each other and how they relate to their meanings
semantics
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Combines words
speech (Between 1 and 2 years of age)
In what year did Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garret F. take place?
1999
At the same time, the combined population size of students with the low-incidence disabilities of traumatic brain injury, multiple disabilities, and deaf-blindness accounts for _____ of the population of students receiving special education services.
2.6%
While the number of students of color in U.S. schools is quickly approaching 50 percent, the number of teachers of color is about
20 percent
Match each assistive technology application to the current legal and legislative action Mandates that the assistive technology is provided at no cost to the student
2004 Re-authorization of IDEA
Match each assistive technology application to the current legal and legislative action Stipulates that students with print disabilities are provided with accessible instructional materials
2004 Re-authorization of IDEA
_____ of children with LD display symptoms of ADHD.
25-40%
Approximately ____ of students with EBD who leave school without graduating.
45%
How often must the IFSP be reviewed?
6 month intervals or as needed
By law, an individualized family service plan (IFSP) is reviewed every
6 months
The average age for initial diagnosis is _____.
6 years old
The current estimate of the prevalence of ADHD in school-age children is _____.
8.8%
Based on IEP/AT consideration requirements, the special education teacher, Mr. Edwards, insisted that the IEP team first consider low-tech devices for Terry because _____ decisions making framework was used during IEP.
AT considerations require that the team first considers low-tech AT
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Intermittent(Intensity of support)
Support provided on as needed basis, either high- or low- intensity
Which of the following is not true about the 2004 reauthorizations of IDEA?
Surgically implanted AT devices, such as cochlear implants, are required for students with hearing impairments
Which option listed below is NOT a form of communication recommended for a deaf-blind student who has little competence in communication?
Symbolic communication
A teacher passes by two of his students and overhears one saying to the other, "We is going to ate lunch after we go to music class." Which type of difficulty is being demonstrated by the child who spoke?
Syntactical
Children have trouble learning the rules that govern word order and other grammatical rules.
Syntactical deficits
A 12-year-old girl is demonstrating difficulty with subject-verb agreement. She often says, "She are going to the park" or "They is coming over for dinner." With which area of language is the girl demonstrating difficulty?
Syntax
The speaker understands how to combine words into phrases and sentences and how to use proper grammar
Syntax
Which is not typically a primary area of concern for students who are blind and deaf?
Synthesizing key concepts of a story
Which of the conditions listed below offers the possibility of full recovery to some individuals?
TBI
Used to communicate by telephone for individuals with hearing impairments
TDD
Which type of media is Braille?
Tactile
Transition planning for students with ASD consists of aiding in employment placement.
False
True of false? The following is an example of a teacher using PRT. Ms. White's class is outside for recess. During recess, Ms. White notices that Frank, a student with ASD, is playing with a ball parallel to his peers who are engaging in a similar activity. She approaches the group of peers and suggest they ask Frank to join their group.
False
True or False. As the number of risk factors increases, the chances of negative outcomes such as EBD decreases.
False
True or False. IQ is the only indicator of a person who is intellectually gifted.
False
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Manual Wheelchair
Low-tech
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Mini Whiteboards
Low-tech
When deciding upon assistive technology, IEP teams should always first consider_____ options.
Low-tech
Which type of ACC solution is most appropriate for the individual described, and what are its primary characteristics. Adam is 11-years old and has the diagnosis of Apraxia. He is able to communicate but at times has difficulty expressing certain words, concepts, and ideas. He would like a device that is easy to use to communicate certain words when he is unable to produce them.
Low-tech Readily available, simple devices that are inexpensive and require brief training.
A nonverbal four-year-old girl with cognitive deficits is working on her expressive language skills. She is working on increasing her vocabulary by learning a few words every month. Her parents would like an inexpensive AAC devices to help her focus on just a few words. What type of AAC device would be most helpful for her?
Low-tech AAC device
Screening tool used during well-baby checks to promote early identification and diagnosis of ASD
M-CHAT
This tool is used to screen the red flags associated with autism spectrum disorders in infants/toddlers. Either practitioners or parents can complete the questionnaire.
M-CHAT
This questionnaire is used by either practitioners or parents to identify the red flag associated with autism spectrum disorders in infants/toddlers.
M-CHAT which is a screening assessment
What is NOT a characteristic of prereferral intervention? Not Preemptive by design Not provides individualized assistance to the students
Mandated by IDEA
Which of the following is an appropriate AT tool to address a need in the area of writing?
Manual or computer-based concept maps
Which of the following statements best explains the link between cultural bias and disproporionality in special education programs?
Many students are identified as learning disabled due to subjective interpretations of their behavior.
Which of these statements best explains the significance of technology to special education?
Many technological devices have been designed to assist with organizational skills and memory.
Match the name/ title of each notable person or publicaiton that has contributed to the refinement of the term "gifted and talented." First National report introduced 6 categories of giftedness 1972
Marland Report
This term was dropped and replaced with a term considered more appropriate and less demeaning.
Mental retardation
In the 1970s, with the invention of the _______, additional assistive technology became available to support students with disabilities.
Microcomputer
____ AAC devices are speech generating devices. The individual pushes buttons or symbols to produce _____ words, phrases, and sentences.
Mid- and high-tech Audible
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Talking Watch
Mid-tech
You observe a child using a speech-generating device to communicate in the classroom. The device generates a finite set of words and phrases that were recorded by a teacher. What type of device is the child using?
Mid-tech AAC device
A child who is blind and also suffers from ADHD would be classified under IDEA as having which of the following conditions?
Multiple disabilities
Identify whether each risk factor listed below would be considered a biological or a psychosocial risk factor. Exposure to lead
Biological
Match each assistive technology application to the current legal and legislative action Mandates that Individual Education Program teams consider assistive technology for all students with disabilities
1997 Re-authorization of IDEA
Match each assistive technology application to the current legal and legislative action Mandates that assistive technology is provided if the Individual Education Program team determines it is needed
1990 Re-authorization of IDEA
It wasn't until the _____ to IDEA that autism was added as a disability category.
1990 amendment
Public Law (PL) 108-446 (the IDEA Improvement Act of 2004) identifies what
13 categories of disabilities: autism, deaf-blindness, dd, emotional disturbance, hearing impairments, intellectual disability, multiple disability, orthopedic impairment, other health impairment, specific learning disability, speech or language impairments, traumatic brain injury, and visual impairment
One of the ways students are determined to be gifted is by intelligence. Students who are gifted and talented typically have an IQ greater than ____ the top 1% of the population.
140
What year did Mills v. Board of Education, District of Columbia take place?
1972
What year did Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania take place?
1972
What year did Larry P. v. Riles take place?
1979
What year did Armstrong v. Kline take place?
1980
What year did Tatro v. State of Texas take place?
1980
What year did Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley take place?
1982
Which of the amendments is it from: Established Individualized Family Service Plans (IFSP) for infants/toddlers
1986 Amendment
In what year did Daniel R.R. v. State Board of Education take place?
1989
Which of the amendments is it from: Renamed the PL 94-142 the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
1990 Amendment
Which of the amendments is it from: Change to evaluation and re-evaluation requirements
1997 Amendment
Identify whether each risk factor listed below would be considered a biological or a psychosocial risk factor. Head injury
Biological
Which of the following statements is an example of phonological difficulty?
A child deletes the "r" in words like "spring" and "strap"
Which of the following problems would a physical therapist primarily be responsible for in addressing the needs of a child with a physical or health disability?
A child has trouble holding his head up
Which of the following options is an example of a twice-exceptional learner?
A child identified as gifted and having a learning disability
Which child described below would NOT be identified as high-risk for speech and language impairments _____________.
A child whose first language is not English
Which statement below accurately describes cochlear implants?
A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that makes many sounds more distinguishable for students who are deaf.
Which of the options below would NOT be an example of how assistive technology can be used to support individuals with physical and health disabilities to complete daily living tasks?
A device that is attached to a wheelchair that allows the individual to open and close a garage door.
Describe the differences between "disability and handicap.
A disability is a limitation imposed on an individual and a handicap is the impact that that disability has on them.
A principal is reviewing the demographic trends of the student population at her school in comparison to the national outlook in education. Which trend is the principal likely to see?
A disproportionate number of minority students served in special education
An ocular report provides evaluation results and is used in education planning. Who generally conducts the assessments and prepares this report?
A licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist
Katie uses a voice recognition program to enter her story into the computer.
Device/Program to Increase Text Entry Efficiency
Which would not be an example of a device used to assist a student with his or her positioning or seating needs?
A power wheelchair
Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)
A reform-minded French physician who was concerned with the humanitarian treatment of individuals with mental illness. Advocated releasing institutionalized patients from their chains. Pioneered the field of occupational therapy. Served as Itard's mentor.
Which of the following options is an example of an acquired disability?
A severed spinal cord
What is a required component of an Individualized Family Support Plan (IFSP)?
A statement of specific early intervention services necessary to meet the unique needs of the child and family
Which action below is NOT an example of using a metacognitive skill?
A student rehearses a list of numbers in his mind
Re-word the following phrases to person-first language An epileptic student
A student who has epilepsy
Which of the following is the best definition of PBS?
A systems approach for establishing a continuum of proactive discipline procedures for all students and staff members in all types of school settings.
Which of the following is an example of assistive technology used for the purpose of mobility?
A wheel chair
A kindergarten student is hard of hearing and has difficulty understanding spoken language from a distance. The student does well when she sits near the teacher but struggles when moving independently around the classroom. The Individual Education Program (IEP) team determines that the student needs assistive technology to help her fully engage in the classroom. What is an appropriate recommendation from the team?
A wireless FM listening system
An Individualized Education Program (IEP) team has determined that a student with a hearing impairment needs assistive technology to help her fully engage in physical education instruction and activities outdoors. Which assistive technology is appropriate for this student?
A wireless FM listening system to hear the teacher from a distance
Which of the following is evidence of an articulation disorder?
A woman pronounces the word "single" as "thingle."
Examine the AT descriptions presented and select the category of assistive technology each describes from the drop-down menu of options. Mid-Tech-
AT devices that are generally electronic, mobile, and battery operated
Indicate whether each assessment tool listed is used for diagnostic or screening purposes. ADI-R
Diagnostic
Indicate whether each assessment tool listed is used for diagnostic or screening purposes. ADOS
Diagnostic
Examine the AT descriptions presented and select the category of assistive technology each describes from the drop-down menu of options. High-Tech-
AT devices that are generally more expensive and complex electronics, usually tied to a power supply and/ or is re-chargeable
Examine the AT descriptions presented and select the category of assistive technology each describes from the drop-down menu of options. Low- or Light-Tech -
AT devices that are non-electronic and relatively inexpensive
Diagnostic tool in which clinicians present specific scenarios and code how the child responds to determine if he or she has ASD
ADOS
The _____ is an observational assessment that presents various situations to children who are suspected of having autism, their behaviors/responses are subsequently coded.
ADOS
This assessment tool is used during the diagnostic process and is considered one of the "gold standard" assessment tools. This particular assessment gathers information by observing the child suspected of having autism, specifically how he/she responds to different situations presented.
ADOS
This assessment tool gathers information by observing the child suspected of having autism, specifically how he or she responds to different situations presented.
ADOS which is a diagnostic assessment
Which of the following is most likely application of AT for students with EBD?
AT for reinforcement of appropriate behavior
Which of the following examples is the most likely application of AT for students with EBD?
AT for self-monitoring
Which of the following is the least likely application of AT for students with EBD?
AT to address vision deficits
Renzulli "Three-Ring" rule for giftedness
Above average ability Task commitment Creativity
Indicate whether the purpose of each ASD assessment tool listed is diagnostic or screening. ADI-R
Diagnostic
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Capacity for high levels for abstract thought
Above-average ability
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Capacity to sort out relevant from irrelevant information
Above-average ability
During math class, Allen suddenly lost consciousness, stopped moving, and stared straight ahead. He appeared trance like.
Absence
Indicate whether the purpose of each ASD assessment tool listed is diagnostic or screening. ADOS
Diagnostic
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Intellectually curious
Academic/ Learning
Which two formal assessments should be used to identify an intellectual disability?
Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Conceptualizes and synthesizes information quickly
Academic/Learning
Which of the following statements expresses a problem associated with the assessment of discrepancy?
Different states quantify discrepancy differently.
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Early reader
Academic/Learning
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Excellent memory
Academic/Learning
Which of the following problems do children with CAPD not demonstrate?
Difficulty hearing anything at all
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Generalizes knowledge to novel settings
Academic/Learning
Which of the following options is NOT a category of gifted behavior? Not above average ability Not creativity
Academic/Learning characteristics
Early entrance (kindergarten or college)
Acceleration
Opportunities to learn at a faster pace that matches achievement and interest
Acceleration
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. A student with ADHD
Acceptable
Which condition is recognized as a cause of learning disabilities (LD)?
Accident-related brain injury
Which of the following disabilities may be caused by teratogenic factors such as infection? (Choose all that apply.) Blindness Deafness Asthma Cerebral Palsy
Blindness Deafness Cerebral Palsy
Which of the possible effects listed below is not linked to maternal alcohol abuse during pregnancy? Lifelong behavioral challenges Cognitive abnormalities Autism spectrum disorders Physical abnormalities
Autism spectrum disorders
Screening tool used to assess characteristics of ASD in high-functioning students
ASSQ
This screening tool contains 27-items and is intended to identify characteristics of high functioning autism and/or Asperger's syndrome in older children (i.e., school age). Parents and/or teachers complete this assessment tool.
ASSQ
Parents and/or teachers use this assessment tool that contains 27 items and is intended to identify characteristics of high-functioning older children (i.e., school age) with autism and/or Asperger's syndrome
ASSQ which is a screening assessment
The Learning Disabilities Association of America refined IDEA's definition in a number of ways. Which statement best summarizes the information in both sources?
An LD is a cognitive deficiency in people of normal intelligence that persists throughout life and impedes their ability to process information, perform tasks, and achieve their intellectual potential.
Which would not be an example of a device used to assist a student with his or her mobility needs?
An adaptive chair with a seat belt, extra cushioning, and lower arms.
Which of these best describes an IEP?
An individualized education program is a detailed, written plan developed by a team that describes the services, support, and adaptions that will be provided and the expected outcomes for the student in special education.
Four children's circumstances are described below. Consider each one and then indicate whether that child would or would not participate in early intervention by checking the box next to each one that would. (Select all that apply.) A six-year old with articulation difficulties An eight-year old with chronic ear infections An infant born with Down Syndrome A premature infant
An infant born with Down Syndrome A premature infant
There are three broad phases of parental reaction to disability. How might phase two impact the family's ability to engage in family functions as well as educational planning for the child with the disability?
Anger, guilt, and shame can prevent families from seeking appropriate services and supports to help with family functions, as well as prioritizing overall needs. Educational planning is a piece of this. Having the appropriate resources will lead to better dynamics and outcomes as well as helping the family understand the broader situation.
A child with which disorder is less likely to be identified by a teacher as having an EBD?
Anxiety/withdrawal
What was the issue and judicial decision of Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley?
Appropriate Education First U.S. Supreme Court interpretation of PL 94-142 (IDEA).
What modification would likely be assigned to a student whose electronic voice output makes speech hard to understand?
Ask the student multiple-choice questions
A class of gifted and talented students is studying the Civil War by reenacting the event. The teacher wants to develop the students' creativity during this unit. Which type of instructional strategy is effective for meeting this goal?
Asking students to develop background details about their characters
Which example listed is NOT a content enhancement strategy?
Assignment checklist
In special education, specific tools and devices that can increase, maintain, or improve the student's capabilities are ______________.
Assistive technology
Secondary Prevention
At risk for problem behaviors (5-15%)
Match each type of cerebral palsy (CP) to the description that best describes it by dragging the name of the type into the correct location. Poor balance and equilibrium in addition to uncoordinated voluntary movement.
Ataxia
Match each type of cerebral palsy (CP) to the description that best describes it by dragging the name of the type into the correct location. Movements are contored, abnormal, and purposeless.
Athetoid
Difficulties focusing on important features and ignoring distractions
Attention
Which of the following is not one of the thirteen categories of disability (IDEA)?
Attention Deficit hyperactivity disorder
Janice has dyslexia, with poor decoding and reading comprehension skills. She wants to be a teacher, but knows that the reading load in her college classes will be very heavy. What would be the appropriate assistive technology she should use to compensate for her reading disorder?
Audiobook
This approach emphasizes spoken English only and uses oral words, phrases, and syntax.
Auditory-oral
What kind of evaluation would be most helpful for a student with deaf-blindness?
Authentic assessment
Shorthand label: ASD
Autism spectrum disorder
one teach, one support
Both individuals are present, but one teacher takes the instructional lead while the other provides support and assistance to the students.
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 1997-
Consideration for Assistive Technology mandated in IDEA
As a result of the trend toward smaller, more personalized, and mobile technology, teachers and other education professionals will have to do the following when considering AT: _______________. Make sure they understand the technology and how to use it. Evaluate the technology's appropriateness for educational purposes. Neither of these. Both of these
Both of these
Siblings without disabilities are positively and negatively affected by a sibling with a disability, and vice versa. What is one way this mutual impact can be addressed in a proactive manner?
Both typical siblings and the sibling with a disability should receive developmentally appropriate education about the disability.
Which of the following statements was or is NOT a misconception about autism spectrum disorders?
Boys are four times more likely to have autism spectrum disorders than girls
An example of an assistive technology in the early 1800s is__________________.
Braille
Which accommodation listed below is applicable to teaching academic skills to students with visual impairments?
Braille or large print to facilitate reading texts
At this time, _____ suggested that autism was the result of bad parenting.
Bruno Bettelheim
The approach uses American Sign Language (ASL) as its foundation and has English vocabulary and syntax.
Bilingual-bicultural
Which of the following approaches of communication for students with hearing impairments considers American Sign Language (ASL) to be the primary language?
Bilingual-bicultural
Consider each of the characteristics listed below and match it to the developmental domain it reflects by dragging the domain name (communication, social skills, or behavior) to the corresponding location. Lining up toys
Behavior
Julian is a two-year old suspected of having autism spectrum disorders. His mother reports that one of his preferred activities is lining up his toys. When asked about his engagement with her during playtimes, she says that he typically does not respond to his name being called or to her pointing out a preferred toy. He also does not use gestures to get someone to share in an experience with him. While he does have speech, he does not effectively use it to indicate his needs and/or preferences. When the clinician took out a doctor's kit, to gauge his ability to participate in an imaginative play scenario, he dumped all of the toys out of the bag and found the one button on the kit's carrying case. For the remainder of the imaginative play session, no matter how much the clinician attempted to regain his attention, he kept pressing the button. Which of the following main areas of ASD diagnostic criteria is Julian exhibiting during the imaginative play situation?
Behavior
Two broad-based intervention approaches that have substantial support are behavior modification and cognitive-behavior modification. Read the descriptions below and indicate whether each describing a behavior modification or a cognitive-behavior modification. Rely on external sources of behavioral control
Behavior Modification
Which is NOT considered a common component of different definitions of learning disabilities?
Behavioral problems
Early intervention is grounded in four principles: establishing therapy that is developmentally supportive for the child, being comprehensive and team-based, and being based on the highest quality of evidence. What is the fourth principle in which early intervention is grounded?
Being family centered
Alexander Graham Bell
Bell promoted the use of residual hearing and developing the speaking skills of students who are deaf.
Two native Spanish-speaking student in a diverse pre-K program appear to be having difficulty adjusting, communicating needs, and understanding spoken English. The teacher has invited the parents to volunteer in the classroom to develop activities using the family's home language. Which cultural education practice is this teacher providing to help the new students who are English leaners?
Bilingual Education
An educational strategy whereby students whose first language is not English are instructed in their native language
Bilingual edcuation
A school principal wants to hire a new teacher and is hoping to find an individual with a similar culture and linguistic heritage as many of the limited English proficient students. What will be enhanced by this principal's hiring plan?
Bilingual education
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Difficulty comprehending spoken problems (i.e. riddles)
CAPD
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Difficulty distinguishing between similar sounds
CAPD
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Difficulty maintaining listening focus
CAPD
What social characteristic could be contributing to the aggressive and disruptive behavior of many students with EBDs?
Diminished social skills
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Open to new experiences and ideas
Creativity
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. This is a pedagogical approach concerned with the manipulation or modification of a student's underlying thought patterns.
Cognitive Training
In the 2011-12 school year, about four out of ten (39.9%) students with ASD were educated in this location.
General education classroom
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. "More than temporary expected response to stressful events"
CCBD Definition
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. Relates behavior to "appropriate age, cultural, or ethnic norms"
CCBD Definition
Gifted and talented children are identified by qualified professionals as being what?
Capable of high performance by virtue of outstanding abilities.
Which group of individuals does early intervention target?
Children from birth to 5 years old with a speech impairment
_____ conditions result from defects in one or both parents' genes.
Chromosomal
Defects in one or both parents' chromosomes or genes, passed on to the child, causing a disability
Chromosomal and genetic causes
Sarah and Kyle were newly married and were excited to begin a family. They did have to have several discussions about Sarah's one abnormal X chromosome, as she had discovered years earlier that she was a carrier of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). If the couple gave birth to a son, he would have a 50% chance of having the disorder. With this knowledge, the couple decided to go forward with starting a family. Their son, Tyler, has DMD.
Chromosomal and genetic causes
Tertiary Prevention
Chronic problem behaviors (1-7%)
Which strategies are the most effective first step in preventing misbehavior in classrooms?
Clarify classroom rules
What was the issue and judicial decision of Daniel R.R. v. State Board of Education?
Class Placement Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals held that a segregated class was an appropriate placement for a student with Down syndrome. Preference for integrated placement viewed as secondary to the need for an appropriate education.
Giving a student a list of questions that will be asked the next day is a way of modifying which area of concern for students with disabilities?
Class participation
What was the issue and judicial decision of Larry P. v. Riles?
Class placement Landmark case parallel to the Diana suit. African American student could not be placed in classes for children ;with mild intellectual disability solely on the basis of intellectual assessment found to be culturally and racially biased. Ruling applies only to the state of California.
What was the issue and judicial decision of Diana v. State Board of Education?
Class placement Linguistically different students must be tested in their primary language as well as English.
Involves thoughtful planning with regard to the layout and décor, of the classroom, seat assignments and desk arrangements, and location of materials, equipment, and personal items
Classroom Arrangment
Read each description below and indicate whether it refers to clinically or statistically derived classifications of EBD. Groups behaviors into diagnostic categories
Clinically Derived
Read each description below and indicate whether it refers to clinically or statistically derived classifications of EBD. In the past, has focused primarily on adult disorders
Clinically Derived
IDEA 2004 mandates that states and their districts pay for all assistive technology required in an IEP except _______________.
Cochlear implants
If a student is performing a task while whispering instructions, which of the approaches listed below is she employing?
Cognitive Training
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Mnemonic strategies are one example of this approach.
Cognitive Training
Two broad-based intervention approaches that have substantial support are behavior modification and cognitive-behavior modification. Read the descriptions below and indicate whether each describing a behavior modification or a cognitive-behavior modification. Promotes students' internal control or self-regulatory behavior
Cognitive-behavior modification
Symptoms that meet the criteria for inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity were presnt for the past 6 months. May be hyperactive but focused in some settings and inattentive and withdrawn in other settings.
Combined Type
Consider each of the characteristics listed below and match it to the developmental domain it reflects by dragging the domain name (communication, social skills, or behavior) to the corresponding location. Echolalia
Communication
Julian is a two-year old suspected of having autism spectrum disorders. His mother reports that one of his preferred activities is lining up his toys. When asked about his engagement with her during playtimes, she says that he typically does not respond to his name being called or to her pointing out a preferred toy. He also does not use gestures to get someone to share in an experience with him. While he does have speech, he does not effectively use it to indicate his needs and/or preferences. When the clinician took out a doctor's kit, to gauge his ability to participate in an imaginative play scenario, he dumped all of the toys out of the bag and found the one button on the kit's carrying case. For the remainder of the imaginative play session, no matter how much the clinician attempted to regain his attention, he kept pressing the button. In the scenario above, which of the following main areas of ASD diagnostic criteria is exhibited in the mother's report of Julian's failure to use gestures to gain the attention of others?
Communication
Peter is a 6-year old with profound intellectual disabilities, including being nonverbal. His speech-language pathologist recently introduced a new system in which he uses pictures to express his needs and preferences.
Communication
When Jason was 18-months old, his mother noticed that he was not using nonverbal gestures, such as pointing to show what he wanted. Jason also did not engage in much joint attention at that time.
Communication
Instruction occurs in natural settings to overcome issues with generalization
Community-based instruction
What is an appropriate assessment method to identify a learning disability?
Compare achievement and intellectual ability
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. General educators are part of the IEP team.
Component of IDEA reauthorizations
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. Individualized transition plan (ITP) required by age 16
Component of IDEA reauthorizations
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. Requires assessment of assistive technology needs for each student.
Component of IDEA reauthorizations
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. Services for preschoolers with disabilities.
Component of IDEA reauthorizations
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. A free appropriate public education (FAPE)
Component of PL 94-142
For each of the following, identify whether it was originally part of PL 94-142 or was a component of one of the IDEA reauthorizations between 1986-1997 that expanded and extended services for individuals with disabilities. Nondiscriminatory assessment
Component of PL 94-142
Which of the following is not one of the seven purposes for assistive technology as stipulated by Bryant and Bryant (2003)?
Composition of written material
Areas of reading difficulty commonly observed among students with learning disabilities are categorized by Mercer and Pullen (2005) as reading habits, word recognition errors, and comprehension errors. They also use the category "miscellaneous" for other symptoms. Read each example behavior listed below and identify the category of reading difficulty it belongs to from among the drop-down menu options. Unable to recall the main topic
Comprehension Error
What is an appropriate low-tech assistive technology to help a student understand the concept of fractions?
Concrete manipulatives
What is an assistive technology that an Individualized Education Program (IEP) team should consider for a student who has a learning disability in math?
Concrete manipulatives
Similarly, ______ addresses problem-solving deficits as well as teaching students to negotiate, mediate, and communicate more effectively.
Conflict resolution
The 1997 reauthorization of IDEA mandates that IEP teams ____ assistive technology for all students with disabilities.
Consider
Read each example and identify whether it is an example of a traditional or a contemporary method of assessing students with or at risk for EBD. Functional Behavior Assessment
Contemporary
Read each example and identify whether it is an example of a traditional or a contemporary method of assessing students with or at risk for EBD. Person-centered planning
Contemporary
Identify the instructional strategy: Includes graphic organizers, content diagrams, semantic maps, advance organizers, guided notes, and study guides.
Content Enhancements
What is one of the first things teachers should consider when thinking about universal supports for students?
Content standards
Which of the settings listed below would be the most difficult for a child with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD)?
Conversation with a teacher in the cafeteria during the lunch hour
Utilized in inclusive educational settings; peers with varying ability levels work together to achieve a common goal
Cooperative Learning
Match each instructional strategy to the example that describes it. Having students work together to achieve a common goal.
Cooperative learning
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. About two weeks after Johnny started using his new FM listening system to aid his hearing, Mrs. Barnett reports to the special education teacher, Mr. Wright, that she did some research and found that there is an additional software that would allow the FM system to automatically record her so that Johnny could listen to her lessons on his own time and at his own pace. Mr. Wright tells her he is aware of the software and that the IEP team did consider it. Mr. Wright adds that while he would love to recommend this additional software, Johnny's current hearing needs do not warrant the additional expense.
Cost
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. Nicky Blake's mom arrives at the IEP meeting with a list of assistive technology devices she believes her daughter needs to help with her difficulties in math. In addition to the electronic talking calculator, Mrs. Blake's list includes a tablet computer and an electronic word-processor. The rest of the IEP team agrees that while the tablet computer could be used to meet Nicky's math needs, the talking calculator would also be appropriate as it is able to synthesize and read aloud numbers, symbol, and/or operations, all areas in which Nicky currently struggles. Because the IEP team is required to first consider the least expensive device that appropriately addresses a student's needs, the team recommends the talking calculator instead on the tablet.
Cost
Bill is failing his American history class because he constantly confuses or forgets important names, dates, and events despite his long hours of study. He will have a test next week on the American Civil War. What instructional technique would help him learn and recall the important facts?
Creating a mnemonic chart of the names of important generals
Identify the category each characteristic listed below represents by dragging the name into the location for a correct match. Comes up with several solutions to given problem
Creative and productive thinking
Try identifying Renzulli's areas or traits of giftedness by considering the example behaviors and capacities. Consider each example listed below and indicate the trait you think it exemplifies. Demonstrating fluency, flexibility, and originality of thought
Creativity
Which positive approach should a teacher use when speaking with a diverse family about group home options for their child with a disability?
Demonstrate culturally sensitive behavior during the discussion
What is a required component for an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)?
Description of the natural environments where services will be provided
Which example is more in line with current trends in assessment of students with EBDs?
Developing a proactive intervention plan
Indicate whether each of assistive technologies listed below is high- or low-tech. Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Low tech
Gwen is an 11-year old with moderate intellectual disability. In her family and consumer education class, she uses an assistive device that gives her tactile prompts to indicate that it is time to move to the next step. Her teacher has her use this device especially when they are working on preparing food.
Daily living skills
Which factors make it difficult for teachers to determine whether a child has an EBD? (Select all that apply.) Class disruption Multiple assessment strategies Developmental processes Internalizing disorders
Developmental processes Internalizing disorders
A student diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is having difficulty managing simple tasks. The teacher believes the student will benefit from consistent interventions across the home-school environment by teaching specific, manageable tasks to build skills. Which service provision will promote this student's learning?
Discrete Trial Training
Focuses on managing a child's learning opportunities by teaching specific, manageable tasks until mastery in a continued effort to build upon the mastered skills.
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Jane is a special education teacher. One of her students, Victor, has autism spectrum disorder. Victor requires highly structured environments in order to engage in learning opportunities. Once Jane has Victor's attention, she presents a learning opportunity. If necessary, she uses varying levels of prompts to help Victor get the correct answer. Once the correct answer is provided, brief access to a preferred item, such as an iPad, is provided. Which of the following interventions is described in the scenario?
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Read each item and then indicate whether it is referring to Discrete Trial Training or Pivotal Response Training. Highly structured
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Read each item and then indicate whether it is referring to Discrete Trial Training or Pivotal Response Training. Teacher arranges learning opportunities and utilize artificial reinforcers
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Teacher arranges learning opportunities and utilizes artificial reinforcers.
Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
Which of the following options is an example of a social and emotional characteristic exhibited by a gifted and talented child?
Dislike of routine, rules, and regulations
Which characteristics is an educator likely to observe in a student who is gifted?
Displays intensity for learning within a subject area
Which articulation error has the correct example?
Distortion-altering a sound, usually caused by deficient oral motor skills: "thoup" for "soup"
Which of the following is an example of inattentive type ADHD?
Does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents
This disorder caused by a chromosomal abnormality is characterized by having 47 chromosomes instead of the typical 46.
Down Syndrome
Under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, all of the following would be considered "major life activities" EXCEPT __________.
Driving
A student is highly intelligent and artistically talented but suffers from dyslexia and dysgraphia. Which of the following conditions would most likely support an LD diagnosis for this student?
Dysfunctional neurological processing
According to IDEA, which of the following conditions are classified as learning disabilities (Select all that apply.) Developmental aphasia Mental retardation Brain injury Dyslexia
Dyslexia
Which of the following is an appropriate AT tool to address a need in the area of reading?
E-text readers
For each year presented, use the drop-down menu of answer choices and select the law, amendment, or policy that passed or went into effect. 1975-
Education of All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) passed (PL 94-142)
What was the issue and judicial decision of Brown v. Board of Education?
Educational Segregation Segregation of students by race ruled unconstitutional.
A student is being considered for special education services. The student receives a medical diagnosis of cerebral palsy. What should take place after this diagnosis is received?
Educational evaluation
Despite the school year being more than half over, a kindergarten teacher has observed that a student continues to play alone during free time and does not have any friends beside the adult staff. The student often becomes frustrated and acts out aggressively. Children similar to this student have difficulty establishing and maintaining relationships, display inappropriate interpersonal skills, and have a likelihood for displaying aggressive behavior. Which disability is represented by this student's characteristics?
Emotional or behavioral disorder
Opportunities to learn above and beyond what is usually provided at a particular grade level
Enrichment
Project-based learning
Enrichment
Which of the following options is NOT a dimension that is typically considered in the classification of EBD?
Environmental factors
The currently accepted cause of autism spectrum disorders
Environmental factors and genetic predisposition
There are several different types of factors suspected of contributing to the occurrence of ADHD. Indicate whether each of the following items is contributing factor to ADHD by selecting "True" if it is or "False" if it is not. Sugar and food additives can cause ADHD.
False
Juan has a sight word vocabulary of five words. He uses each of these words in a specific way. For example, he finds his name on a set of job cards at his work site. He can select a sweatshirt that has the name of his school to wear on school spirit day.
Embedded academic skills usable to specific life routines
A student's scores on intelligence measures indicate average intellectual ability, yet the student continues to experience chronic school failure and peer rejection. Which disability do these characteristics indicate?
Emotional or behavioral disorder
What was the issue and judicial decision of Lau v. Nichols?
Equal educational opportunity A milestone case in the field of bilingual education. U.S. Supreme Court ruling noted that "there is not equality in treatment merely by providing students with the same facilities, textbooks, teachers, and curriculum; for students who do not understand English are effectively foreclosed from a meaningful education." Decision significantly affected the education of culturally and linguistically diverse learners.
CEC Principle Neither engaging in nor tolerating any practice that harms individuals with exceptionalities. What type of responsibility?
Ethical
How frequently must the Individualized Education Program (IEP) be reviewed according to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?
Every 12 months
Level 3 of learner groups:
Exceptionally gifted learners
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Limited vocabulary
Expressive language
_____ refers to the production of meaningful and coherent language. Both type are essential for effective communication with others.
Expressive language
What was the issue and judicial decision of Armstrong v. Kline?
Extended School Year State's refusal to pay for schooling in excess of 180 day for pupils with severe disabilities is a violation of their rights to an appropriate education as required by PL 94-142 (IDEA).
With repeated experiences of failure, students begin to believe that consequences or outcomes are the result of circumstances that are outside of their control.
External locus of control
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. As a result of a comprehensive assessment, Ian will receive occupational therapy, physical therapy, and adapted physical education to assist him in benefiting from special education. Ian will also use a computer with an adaptive input device.
FAPE
Which assistive technology will improve the ability of a student with a hearing impairment to participate in classroom discussions with other students?
FM system
According to federal law, all evaluations of children with potential learning disabilities are conducted in English.
False
All children diagnosed with ADHD qualify for special education services under IDEA.
False
All students with EBD exhibit very similar learning, social, behavioral, and communicative characteristics. However, these characteristics impact students' ability to learn in many different ways.
False
Couples that have a child with a disability have a significantly higher divorce rate than couples that do not have a child with a disability. True or False
False
Despite receiving extensive training, most individuals with ID are unable to obtain meaningful employment.
False
Everyone who has been diagnosed with a hearing impairment is also considered functionally deaf.
False
Fathers tend to be very emotional and really focus on the immediate consequences of their child's disability.
False
If a school includes parents in a multidisciplinary team meeting, the school is then not obligated to include the parent in any future trans-disciplinary meetings alongside discipline experts.
False
Individuals with ID rarely experience failure and/or demonstrate learned helplessness or the expectation that failure is inevitable. True or False
False
Low self-esteem is a common cause of learning disabilities.
False
New computer technologies, such as tablets, can be the basis for effective assistive technology solutions when selection decisions are driven primarily by the number of applications available for the product.
False
Professionals use factors such as low birth weight, accidents, head trauma, and oxygen deprivation to identify learning disabilities in children.
False
Short-term memory tasks involve retaining information while completing another cognitive task at the same time.
False
Students with ASD develop friendships with ease.
False
Teachers should begin with the most intrusive behavioral interventions to ensure that the intervention will have an impact on a student's behavior.
False
The purpose of AAC is to give students who cannot communicate verbally a voice. Therefore, all forms of AAC must involve some sort of device that speaks orally for the student.
False
The services provided to students with autism spectrum disorders in school focus only on the primary domains affected by the disorder: communication, social skills, and behavior.
False
There are several different types of factors suspected of contributing to the occurrence of ADHD. Indicate whether each of the following items is contributing factor to ADHD by selecting "True" if it is or "False" if it is not. Environmental factors are the most common cause of ADHD.
False
What are jot-downs and checklists?
Formal measures of assessing giftedness
Under which amendment of the U.S. Constitution did the court rule in the Brown v. Board of Education case that it was illegal to practice or arbitrarily discriminate against any group of people?
Fourteenth Amendment
This disorder caused by a chromosomal abnormality is characterized by a deficiency in the structure of one pair of chromosomes.
Fragile X Syndrome
How often a behavior occurs
Frequency
How has the role of professionals evolved in the caregivers-professional relationship?
From responding to family needs in a general way to individualizing for the family
Early to mid- 1990s
Full inclusion
Level of Disability Moderately severe disability (Delivery Option is...)
Full-time special class
Contemporary Method of Assessment. Acknowledges that students engage in inappropriate behavior for multiple reasons. Determines consistent antecedents and consequences associated with the occurrence or nonoccurrence of certain behaviors. Assessment Method Name?
Functional behavior assessment
Which contemporary assessment method acknowledges that students engage in inappropriate behavior for multiple reasons?
Functional behavior assessment
Ms. Sanchez, a middle school special education teacher, is adapting her classroom learning activities for her student Randall, who has serious attention and behavioral problems. She realizes that she must observe Randall to determine what occurs just before and after the problematic behaviors. What is the approach called that Ms. Sanchez has realized she needs to take?
Functional behavioral assessment
Targets skills that can be applied to everyday routines
Functional curriculum
Sharon is mastering generalized counting skills. She can count dollars to make a purchase, objects to do simple addition in math class, and ingredients when cooking with her mother. She not only learns sight words related to daily activities, such as following her schedule, but also learns high-frequency words that she uses in reading and other academic subjects.
Functional, generalized skills usable across life routines
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Malena has shown an intense interest in plot and character development, and has written her own short stories.
GT group
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Pilar reads at least six books a week every week, has a large vocabulary, and loves both fiction and nonfiction.
GT group
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Tamir has been reading since age 3, and consistently demonstrates excellent comprehension and analytical ability, and has a large vocabulary.
GT group
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Mobility WATI categories: Mobility Example of assistive technology...?
Gait trainer
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (1787-1851)
Gallaudet taught children with hearing impairments to communicate through a system of manual signs and symbols. He established the first institution for individuals with hearing impairments in the United States.
Which of the following is NOT a core attribute of giftedness in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children?
Gender
Which of the following options is NOT a core attribute of giftedness in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children?
Gender
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Physical sciences
General
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Social sciences
General
Identify the Best assessment based on the area of giftedness: Specific academic aptitude
Grade-level achievement tests and off-level testing
A high school English teacher has five gifted students in a regular, mixed-ability class. Which strategy should this teacher use when grouping these students for reading instruction?
Group these students together to work on more complex content that other groups in the class
Magnet school with focus on science
Grouping
Opportunities to learn with others at the same levels of interest and/or achievement
Grouping
Sending a child to a magnet school with a focus on science is an example of:
Grouping
Examples of technology that support the writing process include all of the following except___________.
Handheld magnifiers
Amy broke her glasses during recess. For the afternoon class, words on the board were too fuzzy for her to read.
Handicap
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Instructional aids WATI categories: Hearing Example of assistive technology...?
Headphones
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. Diabetes
Health disability
Which of the following potential problem areas do speech assessments evaluate? (Select all that apply.) Language Hearing Articulation
Hearing Articulation
Shorthand label: HI
Hearing impairments
Which of the follow factors is NOT likely to trigger an asthma attack?
High fever
Qualified professionals identify gifted and talented children as having which of the following capabilities?
High performance by virtue of outstanding abilitites
Indicate whether each of assistive technologies listed below is high- or low-tech. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
High tech
Indicate whether each of assistive technologies listed below is high- or low-tech. Speech Generating Device (SGD)
High tech
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Power Wheelchair
High-tech
Level 2 of learner groups:
Highly gifted learners
Which of the examples below corresponds to the term "symbolic communication" as it is applied to communication with students who have deaf-blindness?
Holding up a spoon
Level of Disability Most severe disability (Delivery Option is...)
Home-bound instruction
No matter which specific visual impairment label is identified for a student, which of the following is the main concern for an educator?
How much functional vision does this student have?
Functional vision means?
How well each person uses his or her vision to complete a specific task.
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
IDEA
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. No provision
IDEA
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Provides a free appropriate public education to children and youth with specific disabilities
IDEA
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. States receive some federal dollars fro excess cost of educating students with disabilities
IDEA
Both IDEA (passed in 1990) and Section 504 (passed in 1973) address similar issues. This activity compares key provisions of these two laws. Thirteen disabilities defined according to federal regulations plus state/local definition of developmentally delayed.
IDEA
Indicate whether each key component refers to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act or IDEA. Requires Individualized Education Program (IEP)
IDEA
The federal definition of EBD is controversial and many feel that it is unsupported by research, contains ambiguous language, and does not accurately represent the intellectual ability of students diagnosed with EBD. The CCBD has proposed an alternate definition. Which of the following phrases come from the federal definition in IDEA and which from the definition proposed by CCBD? Read each phrase and mark your responses. Must exhibit characteristics "to a marked degree"
IDEA Definition
Indicate whether it describes a key component/process of an IFSP or an IEP. Include measurable annual functional/academic goals for the student
IEP
Indicate whether it describes a key component/process of an IFSP or an IEP. Written 30 days following evaluation and disability determination, but before placement decisions
IEP
Like an ____, an IFSP is developed by a team consisting of professionals and the child's as key members. In addition, parents or guardians may invite an advocate.
IEP
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. A report is written for Nate detailing his current level of performance, educational goals for the year, and a plan specifically designed to meet his needs.
IEP
Teachers and school staff receiving training in scientifically-based methodologies and instruction is related to the IDEA 2004 provision requiring ____.
IEPs incorporate research-based interventions
Indicate whether it describes a key component/process of an IFSP or an IEP. Describes early intervention services delivered to infants/toddlers with disabilities
IFSP
Indicate whether it describes a key component/process of an IFSP or an IEP. Outlines transition to other services at age 3
IFSP
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Profound (Intelligence quotient)
IQ below 25
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Severe (Intelligence quotient)
IQ of 25 to 40
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Moderate (Intelligence quotient)
IQ of 40 to 55
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Mild (Intelligence quotient)
IQ of 55 to 70
Which statement is true about the relationship between speech and language and hearing impairments?
If someone has congenital deafness, s/he often has major articulation, voice quality and tone problems.
Amy, a first grader, has a slight nearsightedness.
Impairment
What are two characteristics of a student who is identified with autism spectrum disorder?
Impairment in social interactions Repetitive and restrictive behaviors
Select the description of characteristics and/or roles in AT decision making during the IEP determination process that most accurately describes the AT decision-making framework/assessment indicated. Student, Environments, Tasks, and Tools (SETT)
Includes the identification and consideration of the student, the environments in which the student functions, and the tasks the student is expected to perform
Which educational programming option is appropriate for students with an intellectual disability?
Including functional academic in the classroom curriculum
According to IDEA 2004, assistive technology refers to "any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off-the-shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to _________________.
Increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of a child with a disability.
Which options is an example of an outcome of aggressive behavior disorders that can have long-term negative effects?
Increased risk of school failure
Understanding another person's perspective assists in developing various types of relationships with adults and peers. What type of interventions can assist in facilitating this type of insight and understanding for students with EBD?
Individual and group social skills training across ages
What is a potentially effective service that could be consistently provided at school for students of all ages?
Individual or group counseling
What is another important consideration when thinking about universal supports for students?
Individual student needs
Which of the following examples does NOT illustrate oral communication utilizing nonlinguistic communication behaviors? Student reciting a poem in front of a class Singer singing a song in front of an audience Individual talking on the phone
Individual talking on the phone
What provides direction for the delivery of early intervention services for infants and toddlers who are at risk or disabled?
Individualized Family Service Plan
What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to 3 years who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?
Individualized family service plan (IFSP)
What was PL 94-142 renamed when it became PL 101-476 in 1990?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Which act removed cochlear implants from the definition of assistive technology?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act 2004
Informational technology or instructional technology? Jen watches videos online during free choice time.
Informational technology
Informational technology or instructional technology? Ryan reads about the Pittsburgh Pirates on the team's website after dinner
Informational technology
Freddy uses a joystick instead of a mouse to select answers to multiplication problems on the computer.
Input Modification
Parallel Teaching
Instruction is planned jointly but is delivered by each teacher to one half of a heterogeneous group of learners. Coordination of efforts is crucial.
Match each type of curriculum or instruction for students with an intellectual disability with its corresponding description. Community-based instruction
Instruction occurs in natural settings to overcome issues with generalization
______ refers to teaching strategies and tactics.
Instructional delivery
Match each type of curriculum or instruction for students with an intellectual disability with its corresponding description. Individualized Curriculum
Instructional program is developed around students' specific educational requirements
Informational technology or instructional technology? Lindsay's teacher uses an application on a tablet to assess and monitor Lindsay's reading fluency.
Instructional technology
Informational technology or instructional technology? Kyle uses a computer program to practice new spelling words.
Instructional technology
_____ emphasizes the importance of thinking before acting to avoid and resolve interpersonal conflicts, resist peer pressure, and cope with emotions and stress.
Interpersonal problem-problem solving
_____ emphasizes the importance of thinking before acting to avoid and resolve interpersonal conflicts, resist peer pressure, and cope with emotions and stress.
Interpersonal problem-solving
Early on, this was the only domain that was assessed when evaluating individuals with intellectual disability; focuses on ability to perform on cognitive tasks.
Intellectual Ability Test: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
This term replaced the initial term to describe the condition characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior that originates before the age of 18.
Intellectual Disability
In the definition of learning disability, the notion of discrepancy refers to the comparison of which tow factors?
Intellectual ability Academic achievement
A student with which disability will benefit from vocational training, functional curriculum, community based instruction, and inclusion?
Intellectual disability
Which of the following area is NOT a defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorders?
Intellectual funcitoning
Identify the Best assessment based on the area of giftedness: General intellectual ability
Intelligence test
Temper tantrums that range from irritating whining to more serious acts of physical aggression are an example of which dimension of behavior?
Intensity
Which example is NOT appropriate suggestion for the physical environment strategy of classroom arrangement?
Interact briefly and frequently with students
Which would NOT be a subject of a "social script" for adolescents with speech and language impairments?
Interacting with family
Initially, the classroom teacher, Mr. Smith, recommended that Sheila be removed from his class during reading and writing to work with the special education teacher. Though Sheila's speech improves, Mr. Smith observes that her participation in class activities is still below that of her peers. He reaches out to the special education teacher who coordinates with Sheila's parents and the speech pathologist to further investigate what might be going on. After sharing and discussing information about Sheila based on their experiences with her, the team meets to further discuss what additional changes might be necessary to Sheila's plan. Which of the following team models best describes the structure of this follow up team meeting for Shelia?
Interdisciplinary team
Which factor is NOT common to both behavior modification and cognitive-behavior modification?
Internal control
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is an example of social skills training or interpersonal problem-solving and conflict resolution. Teaches complex skills such as negotiation and mediation
Interpersonal Problem-Solving and Conflict Resolution
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is an example of social skills training or interpersonal problem-solving and conflict resolution. The FAST strategy
Interpersonal Problem-Solving and Conflict Resoultion
Which tool would best suit a student who is being influenced by his friends to engage in underage drinking?
Interpersonal problem solving
Which of the statements below applies to CHARGE association (syndrome)? (Choose all that apply.) A child must display at least three of the key characteristics for a diagnosis. It is a collection of physical irregularities It is an acquired disorder Anxiety and compulsion are common A child must display at least four key characteristics for a diagnosis.
It is a collection of physical irregularities Anxiety and compulsion are common A child must display at least 4 key characteristics for a diagnosis.
Which statement below best describes the term "Response to Intervention ( RTI)"?
It is a strategy for making eligibility decisions on the basis of how a pupil responds to scientific, research-based educational interventions.
What is most important for professionals to understand about a family's reaction to having a child with a disability?
It is important for professionals to realize that the identification of an individual as disabled affects the entire family structure and produces a wide range of reactions, responses, and feelings.
Which of the following is true about the ADHD Rating Scale-IV as an assessment measure?
It is reliable and valid.
Which of the following statements best explains the effectiveness of Total Communication when used to instruct students with hearing impairments?
It is tailored to individual needs and abilities.
What feature of the handheld magnifier makes this an appropriate AT tool for reading?
It makes the text larger
One of the practices identified in the video as a universal support strategy for learners is pairing a picture (visual) with a word (text). What is the benefit of such a strategy?
It provides a concrete example of potentially challenging concepts.
What is one way the process of person-centered planning can facilitate better long-term outcomes for students, even those with complex disabilities?
It pulls in broader supports, expanding the strength of the team.
How does expanded core curriculum promote learning for a student with a visual impairment?
It supplements the core curriculum with services specific to the disability
Which of the following statements best describes the eugenics movement?
It was a campaign that sought to improve the quality of humankind through selective breeding, thus reducing the number of "unfit" parents and faulty offspring.
Which of the statements below best explains why it is important to remove the learning ceiling for gifted and talented students?
It's important because if gifted and talented students aren't challenged, their cognitive skills and appreciation for being challenged may not develop.
Match the name/ title of each notable person or publicaiton that has contributed to the refinement of the term "gifted and talented." Emphasizes school settings Circular, nonlinear model
Jane Piirto
An area of difficulty a person with ASD often demonstrates in social situations when someone else tries to divert his attention to a new object or event.
Joint attention
Which child's condition listed below corresponds to term "hemiplegia"?
Jose cannot use his right arm or right leg.
Match the name/ title of each notable person or publicaiton that has contributed to the refinement of the term "gifted and talented." "Three-Ring" model of giftedness 1998
Joseph Renzulli
Use of which of the following options allows teachers to document observed characteristics and behaviors as they see students demonstrating the behavior outlined in the boxes on the form?
Jot down forms
Which of the following options allows teachers to document observed characteristics and behaviors as they see pupils demonstrating the behavior outlined in the boxes on the form?
Jot-down forms
Which strategy is NOT recommended for classroom arrangement?
Keep disruptive students away from the center of the room
Which of the following are the correct shorthand labels for specific learning disabilities and autism spectrum disorder?
LD & ASD
Which option listed is NOT an aspect of a functional assessment?
Long-range planning
What are two characteristics of a student with an emotional or behavioral disorder?
Low average scores on measures of intelligence Expressive, receptive, and pragmatic language deficits
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Gritty-textured Pen
Low-tech
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. For the upcoming school year, Nicole will be in a general education classroom and also have individual pull-out sessions with a reading specialist three times a week. She will also use a computer with graphic organizer software.
LRE
This school year, Olivia will be in a general education classroom and also have individual pull-out sessions with a reading specialist three times a week. Which major component of IDEA is this is an example of?
LRE
Which option contains 3 of the 6 major components of IDEA?
LRE, IEP, non-discriminatory assessment
Special education teachers at Walnut Middle School have been given a cart full of iPads to use with their students with EBD. A "schedule-keeper" app has been pre-uploaded and students are to use the app to help keep track of long-term assignments through self-monitoring. However, many of the teachers have never used iPads before and are unsure of the best way to use the app, much less how to teach students to use it.
Lack of adequate teacher training in use of AT
Which of the following is a potential challenge to using AT with students with EBD?
Lack of financial ability to purchase AT for the school
Mrs. Kyle works primarily with high school students with EBD. Her school serves mostly students from low-income families and is in a community with high levels of poverty. Her students perform well below grade level, especially in writing. One strategy that always seems to get her students motivated to complete writing assignments is allowing them to use laptops to do research on topics and use word processing programs to write essays. However, Mrs. Kyle only has two laptops in her classroom and students are constantly fighting over who gets to use them. She has a reward system in place for who gets to use a laptop each day, but in the end all students just end up getting further and further behind because of infrequent and inconsistent time with the laptops.
Lack of funding or resources
Which of the following options is the basic foundation of communication for students with or without hearing impairments?
Language
There is a strong association between this and intellectual ability.
Language Development
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Adaptive toys and games WATI categories: Recreation and leisure Example of assistive technology...?
Larger or Braille playing cards
Which talent do educators assess by observing behaviors and reviewing a student-created portfolio that contains evidence of related opportunities outside of school.
Leadership
After experiencing failure repeatedly, students may stop trying, even on tasks within their ability level.
Learned helplessness
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. Strategies Intervention Model/Strategic Instruction Model (SIM) is one example of this approach.
Learning Strategies
Read each description of a teaching technique listed below and indicate which of the three major instructional approaches it represents. This approach teaches students how to learn by giving them the techniques, principles and rules they can apply independently to many tasks and learning situations.
Learning Strategies
Which approach teaches students how to learn by giving them the techniques, principles and rules they can apply independently to many tasks and learning situations?
Learning Strategies
A student's scores on intelligence measures indicate average intellectual ability, yet the student is academically achieving two years below grade level in reading, shows poor memory skills, has information-processing difficulties, and frequently gives up before even attempting a task. Which disability do these characteristics indicate?
Learning disability
Which of the following best describes the instructional approach that teaches students how to learn by giving them the techniques, principles, and rules they can apply independently to many tasks and learning situations?
Learning strategies
Visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye with correction
Legally blind
Public Law 99-457 (1986)
Legislation viewed as a downward extension of PL 94-142 Mandated services for preschoolers with disabilities, ages 3-5 Permissive early intervention services for infants and toddlers, form birth through age 2, with developmental delays or disabilities Individualized family services plan (IFSP) established for infants and toddlers "Developmentally delayed category created
_____ was the first person to characterize autism by studying eleven children.
Leo Kanner
Match the name/ title of each notable person or publicaiton that has contributed to the refinement of the term "gifted and talented." High IQ in 1925
Lewis Terman
Zach is a 12-year old with an IQ of 63. He is able to perform most activities of daily living with minimal assistance. However, there are times during which he requires high-intensity supports, such as gathering items to bring home from school. In the table below, indicate the level of intellectual disability Zach has for both types of categorization (i.e., intelligence quotient and support level). Intelligence Quotient Support Level
Mild Intermittent
Areas of reading difficulty commonly observed among students with learning disabilities are categorized by Mercer and Pullen (2005) as reading habits, word recognition errors, and comprehension errors. They also use the category "miscellaneous" for other symptoms. Read each example behavior listed below and identify the category of reading difficulty it belongs to from among the drop-down menu options. Reading in a high-pitched non-conversational tone
Miscellaneous Symptom
Which of the potential sources of difficulty for people with disabilities and their families listed below is most associated with diversity?
Miscommunication
Match each type of cerebral palsy (CP) to the description that best describes it by dragging the name of the type into the correct location. Refers to a combination of types of cerebral palsy.
Mixed
Identify the instructional strategy: Tools for helping students recall facts and relationships.
Mnemonic strategies
Which set of instructional delivery strategies typically benefit students with emotional and behavioral disorders?
Mnemonics, self-monitoring strategies, content enhancements
Jamal is a 17-year old with an IQ of 47. He has been receiving job training to help him with the transition to community living and independence following high school graduation. In the table below, indicate the level of intellectual disability Jamal has for both types of categorization (i.e., intelligence quotient and support level). Intelligence Quotient Support Level
Moderate Limited
Cognitive training is based on the idea that student performance can be improved by which of the following techniques?
Modifying thought processes that are counterproductive to learning
Maria Montessori (1870-1952)
Montessori achieved worldwide recognition for her pioneering work with young children with intellectual disability. She demonstrated that children are capable of learning at a very early age when surrounded with manipulative materials in a rich and surrounded with manipulative materials.
National surveys of parents and doctors concerning ADHD consistently show that _____.
More males than females take medication for ADHD
This disorder is characterized by grammatical errors when formulating individuals words and by difficulty with inflections on nouns, verbs, and adjectives that signal different kinds of meanings.
Morphologic
Children have trouble with inflections on nouns, verbs, and adjectives that signal different kinds of meanings.
Morphological disorders
The addition of "s" to "cup" to make the plural "cups" refers to what component of language?
Morphology
The speaker understands the grammatical structure of words and uses it correctly.
Morphology
Which statement is best supported by current placement statistics for students with learning disabilities?
Most educators believe resource rooms are too restrictive for LD students.
Select the correct answer. Which set of high tech assistive technology devices is currently being used to help students monitor their behavior?
MotivAider, MP3 player, and iPod Touch
Relying too much support and learned helplessness are associated features of ID in this area.
Motivation
Nancy was born with spina bifida and also has an intellectual disorder. Which classification term would apply to her?
Multiple
Public Law 101-476 (1990)
Name of legislation changed to IDEA Autism and TBI identified as discrete disability categories Rehabilitation counseling and social work considered related services Established the requirement of an individualized transition plan (ITP) by age 16 States' immunity form lawsuits for violating IDEA repealed
By having the IEP team use the AT planner, the ______ decision-making framework was being employed by the special education teacher.
National Assistive Technology Reserach Institute (NATRI)
Match the name/ title of each notable person or publicaiton that has contributed to the refinement of the term "gifted and talented." Second National report Uses the term talent rather than gifted Recognizes categories of high performance Acknowledges diversity 1993
National Excellence: A case for developing America's Talent
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Difficulty hearing sounds in general
Neither
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Using the wrong vocabulary to name objects
Neither
_____ is an abnormality of, or damage to, the brain, spinal cord, or nerves that send impulses to the muscles of the body.
Neuromotor impairment
Consider each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a physical environment intervention. Content enhancements
No
Consider each of the factors listed below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be considered a biological influence of an EBD. Neglectful parents
No
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a benefit of PBS for students with EBD. Provides teachers with a rationale for the use of physical restraints
No
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a form of communication other than speech for students who are hearing impaired? Cochlear implants
No
Consider each possible explanation for the increased prevalence of ASD listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an accepted rationale for the increased prevalence of the disorder. MMR vaccinations
No
Consider each possible purpose of a medical evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Determine appropriate ways of managing challenging behaviors
No
Consider each possible purpose of an educational evaluation listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual purpose of this type of evaluation. Diagnose a disability
No
Consider each possible source of interference listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual source that an evaluator might encounter in the process of doing a psychological evaluation. Student did not eat breakfast the morning of the evaluation
No
Consider each possible source of interference listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) an actual source that an evaluator might encounter in the process of doing a psychological evaluation. Student did not sleep well the night before the evaluation.
No
In A Parent's Story, Lori was concerned about Adam's inability to pronounce the letters n, t, d, l, and s by the age of two. Recalling the speech sounds acquisition figure, did she have cause to worry at the time?
No
In the media, individuals with autism spectrum disorders are portrayed as having special recall and mathematical abilities, often referred to as "savant" abilities. Are these portrayals accurate representations of individuals with autism spectrum disorders?
No
Mr. Carrey's class is doing a science experiment in groups. Samuel is one of his students who has ID. Because of the experiment can be dagerous, Mr. Carrey decides that Samuel should be in a group with his paraprofessional and work on receptive identification of objects instead. Yes or no? Is this adaption appropriate for Samuel?
No
Multimodal interventions, or concurrent treatments, are generally more effective for individuals with ADHD than any one particular strategy. Consider each treatment option below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be included in a multimodal interventions approach for ADHD. grade retention
No
Multimodal interventions, or concurrent treatments, are generally more effective for individuals with ADHD than any one particular strategy. Consider each treatment option below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be included in a multimodal interventions approach for ADHD. home schooling
No
Read each descriptive phrase below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe applied behavior analysis. Can only be used in structured contexts
No
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with externalizing behaviors. Compliance
No
Read each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) associated with internalizing behaviors. More common in boys
No
Which type of ACC solution is most appropriate for the individual described, and what are its primary characteristics. Grant is a 8 year old boy that has an mild articulation disorder. He is able to communicate effectively 90% of the time even though he struggles with the production of the /r/. Would an AAC device be recommended for Grant?
None Does not apply
Which of the options below is a common cause of a conductive loss of hearing ? (Select all that apply) Objects in the ear Malformations of the outer or middle ear Inflammation Infection of the middle ear
Objects in the ear Malformations of the outer or middle ear Inflammation Infection of the middle ear
A third-grade student has difficulty with fine motor skills. The student's mother wants to seek out a support service to help the student improve handwriting. Which professional could provide this additional support?
Occupational therapist
Which of the following examples is NOT an area of giftedness where differences should be noted in gifted and talented children?
Off-level testing
Mr. Dempsey and Ms. Moore recently started using cooperative teaching arrangements. During one of their lessons, Mr. Dempsy took the lead in providing instruction while Ms. Moore provided assistance to the students. What instructional model of cooperative teaching are Mr. Dempsey and Ms. Moore using in this scenario?
One teach, One support
A teacher's gifted class is composed mostly of students that share the same racial and class background. One student is from a minority group and is also an English learner. The teacher emphasizes oral presentations, uses of diverse mentors, and provides visual and kinesthetic learning experiences. Which aspect of the teacher's instruction could pose an academic challenge for this minority student?
Oral presentations
Shorthand label: OHI
Other health impairments
After repeatedly experiencing failure, this type of learning style may develop - over-reliance on support from others from loss of confidence in one's own abilities.
Outer-directedness
Ben uses a program to increase the size of the text on the computer screen.
Output Modification
Which of the following would not be an example of a primary level of intervention?
Overcorrection
Which of the following examples is NOT a potential behavioral characteristic exhibited by individuals with autism spectrum disorders?
Overly attached to parents
Assistive technology was first included in IDEA with the passage of _____________. PL 94-142 (1975) PL 99-457 (1986) PL 101-476 (1990) PL 108-46 (2004)
PL 101-476 (1990)
A teacher candidate is reviewing historical data on Braille as an assistive technology for students with visual impairments to find the origin of legislation governing its use. Which law and time period is relevant to this search?
PL 45-186 (1879)
Match each of the principles of PL 94-142 to the relevant example. Victor's parents are invited to meet with all of the school staff who work with him to review the results of recent assessments.
Parental participation
According to the Turnbull model, how is a low-level of family cohesion likely to affect a child with learning disabilities?
Parents are unlikely to seek the necessary support.
Which of the following statements best describes the role of parents of children with special needs during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s?
Parents were expected to unconditionally accept the expertise of professionals.
Which cultural diversity outcome is expected for a special education teacher working with a family that just moved to the United States from Mexico?
Parents with limited English can make communication challenging
DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR )1994-2000)
Part of an umbrella disorder, pervasive developmental disorder, which comprised several diagnoses such as Rett Syndrome, Asperger Syndrome, and autism.
Which statement defines the contemporary role of caregivers of children with disabilities?
Participates as a team member in decision making
Alternatively, for students who tend to not have behavioral concerns but demonstrate more communication or social difficulties _____ is more appropriate. That said, ongoing assessment is necessary to ensure that the chosen instructional strategy is effective in prompting skill acquisition.
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Mitchell is the educational assistant who provides support to Diego, a student with autism spectrum disorder. At recess, Diego headed directly towards the swings, his favorite activity. Mitchell followed Diego's lead, but required him to appropriately request "swinging" using his assistive technology before allowing Diego to get on the swing. Which of the following interventions is described in the scenario?
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
Description of Contemporary Method of Assessment A vision for the student's future is created by the IEP team (including parents and student) by identifying and analyzing the student's strengths, preferences, needs, and necessary supports. Assessment Method Name?
Person-centered planning
A student with a learning disability who has difficulty discerning the last sound in the word "cliff" is having a problem involving ______.
Phonemic awareness
Children have a significant deficit in speech production or perception due to difficulties organizing speech sounds into patterns.
Phonological disorders
The speaker is able to discriminate and articulate the sounds of speech
Phonology
Which information in an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) is included in the statement of the infant/toddler's present level of performance?
Physical, communication, and social/emotional skills
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Augmentative and alternative communication WATI categories: Communication Example of assistive technology...?
Picture Exchange Communication System
This type of AAC device is considered low-tech and increases awareness of communicative partners for students with ASD.
Picture Exchange Communication System
Communication systems developed to assist students in building fundamental language skills eventually leading to spontaneous communication.
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Indicate whether each of the characteristics listed below is associated with PECS, CAI, or SGD. Physicla swap of card for needs and/or preferences
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Read each description of AAC devices below. Indicate whether the a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) or a Speech Generating Devices (SGDs) is being described. Are the following scenarios examples of numerical or non-numerical analysis? Low tech AAC option
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Bryant & Bryant purpose types: Instructional aids WATI categories: Organization Example of assistive technology...?
Picture schedule
George Still
considered to be the first to study children who had serious problems with sustained attention and self-regulation.
Mr. Corey, a fourth-grade teacher, noticed that one of his students with ASD, Brian, was always alone during recess despite engaging in activities similar to those of his peers. To increase interactions between Brian and his general education peers, Mr. Corey decided to implement _____. He made sure that materials that interested both Brian and his peers were available during recess, and he met with a small group of the children who he thought would enjoy playing with and getting to know Brian. Mr. Corey's role in this intervention was to create an activity with preferred materials that ______.
Pivotal Response Training (PRT) increase interaction between Brian and his peers
An example of assistive technology for writing is______________.
Portable word processor
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Environmental Factors
Postnatal Example: Lead Poisoning
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Infections and intoxicants
Postnatal Example: Malnutrition
Gwendolyn is a 13-year-old girl who recently began to show interest in painting. She asked her mother to take her to the craft store to buy some supplies so that she could start a new project. When they got to the store, Gwendolyn quickly got out of the car and ran into the store without looking for cars. Which adaptive skill is Gwendolyn struggling with in this scenario?
Practical Skills
Jimmy and his friend were walking to the park. Jimmy did not look for cars before crossing the busy street.
Practical skills
What type of therapy exercises would most likely benefit a child demonstrating difficulty with semantics?
Practicing describing multiple meanings of a word (e.g, plane and plain)
Read each characteristic and indicate whether it is associated with a pragmatic difficulties, central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), or neither. Standing too close to someone while talking
Pragmatic Disorder
The speaker understands how to read social and contextual cues and how to use language to affect others
Pragmatics
Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed is an example of a behavior associated with which of the following subtypes of ADHD?
Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed. Gets up frequently to walk or run around.
Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
Often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities. Often has trouble organizing tasks and activities.
Predominantly inattentive type
Which of the following subtypes of ADHD are associated with the characteristics of; often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities and often has trouble organizing tasks and activities?
Predominantly inattentive type
Infants born at 37 weeks or earlier and/or are born with a low birth weight
Prematurity and pregnancy complications
Lucy was 32-weeks pregnant and was carefully folding clothes for her new baby. She suddenly felt a sharp twinge in her abdomen that rapidly became intensely worse. Her son was born later that day, weighing 3 lbs, 2 oz. He has been in the intensive care unit at the hospital for two weeks and doctors are screening him for multiple disabilities.
Prematurity and pregnancy complications
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Maternal Infections
Prenatal Example" Toxoplasmosis
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Chromosomal Abnormalities
Prenatal Example: Down syndrom
A student with a disability struggles to read standard print. Which type of assessment accommodation will best support this student?
Presentation
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing student to use a screen reader
Presentation
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Providing an audio amplification device
Presentation
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Providing the assessment in Braille
Presentation
Read each example assessment accommodation described in the table below. Indicate which type of accommodation it is: presentation, response, timing/scheduling, or setting. Large print
Presentation
A student's preschool teacher and team are reviewing test results that show the student has a developmental delay. The parents believe the team neither understands nor likes their son, and they refuse to agree to the recommended services. Which phase of parental reaction are the parents demonstrating?
Primary phase
CEC Principle Developing relationships with families based on mutual respect and actively involving families and individuals with exceptionalities in educational decision making. What type of responsibility?
Professional
CEC Principle Participating in the growth and dissemination of professional knowledge and skills. What type of responsibility?
Professional
CEC Principle Using evidence, instructional data, research, and professional knowledge to inform practice. What type of responsibility?
Professional
A fourth-grade teacher has a culturally and linguistically diverse student who is a visual learner. Which accommodation should be made for this student?
Provide highlighted handouts
Select the description of characteristics and/or roles in AT decision making during the IEP determination process that most accurately describes the AT decision-making framework/assessment indicated. National Assistive Technology Research Institute (NATRI)
Provides IEP team members with an AT planner to promote participation by all members
Tracy has been a Special Education teacher at Price Middle School for 10 years. She recently completed a series of classes focused on Assistive Technology (AT) for students with disabilities at the local university. The district supervisor heard about Tracy's new skills and asked her to be the AT specialist for the school district. Tracy is currently visiting each school to collaborate on AT with all of the special and general education teachers. However, a secondary chemistry teacher who has a student with a severe hearing impairment was very resistant to having a sign language interpreter in his class four days a week. As he said, "Why do we need him anyway? It just gives the kids with disabilities extra advantages over my other students." How should Tracy respond? Choose an appropriate response for her from the choices below.
Providing AT for students with disabilities so they can receive a free appropriate education (FAPE) is mandated by federal law and using sign language will improve this student's academic ability.
Identify whether each risk factor listed below would be considered a biological or a psychosocial risk factor. Child abuse
Psychosocial
Identify whether each risk factor listed below would be considered a biological or a psychosocial risk factor. Child living with multiple families in the same home
Psychosocial
Which of the following statements best describes an advantage of the resource room model for accommodating gifted and talented students?
Pull-out programs are relatively easy to set in motion
Which characteristic is a gifted student likely to exhibit at a greater level compared to same-aged peers?
Quick absorption of information
Areas of reading difficulty commonly observed among students with learning disabilities are categorized by Mercer and Pullen (2005) as reading habits, word recognition errors, and comprehension errors. They also use the category "miscellaneous" for other symptoms. Read each example behavior listed below and identify the category of reading difficulty it belongs to from among the drop-down menu options. Losing place in text frequently
Reading Habit
Language is divided into two categories. _____ is the ability to understand and comprehend the components of language.
Receptive language
Sam is a 14-year old with intellectual disability who started high school this year. Her teacher quickly introduced her to a tablet computer, and Sam has started to show interest in using it to play games and watch videos online. The teacher created a reward system that allows Sam to play with the tablet during her free time either independently or with a group of peers.
Recreation and leisure skills
A written request to evaluate a student to determine whether the child has a disability is called a/an ____.
Referral
What is the least restrictive environment for a student who has been diagnosed with a learning disability in reading?
Regular Classroom
Where are the majority of students with learning disabilities placed?
Regular Classroom
Level of Disability Less severe disability (Delivery Option is...)
Regular class plus resource room services
Where do the majority of students with disabilities receive the majority of their educational services?
Regular classrooms
Late 1980s
Regular education initiative
Read each description. Match each adaptive skill students with ID typically have difficulty with to its corresponding description. Extensive(Intensity of support)
Regular support, not time-limited, in some environments
What was the issue and judicial decision of Tatro v. State of Texas?
Related Services U.S. Supreme Court held that catherization qualified as a related service under PL 94-142 (IDEA).
Select the description of characteristics and/or roles in AT decision making during the IEP determination process that most accurately describes the AT decision-making framework/assessment indicated. University of Kentucky Assistive Technology (UKAT) Toolkit
Required that IEP team members complete worksheet-like pages in order to guide the AT decision process
There are too many sounds coming through the air passages of the nose.
Resonance disorder
A student with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is now a grade level behind peers in reading, math, and language arts, and has been receiving direct special education services. The student is, however, successful in science, social studies, and electives. What is the least restrictive environment for this student?
Resource room
George receives special education services under the category of autism. He spends 40 to 79 percent of his school day in the general education classroom, while the remainder of the day he is provided services at the same school in an area reserved for special education. Which service delivery option does George receive?
Resource room
In the 2011-12 school-year, about 18% of students with ASD were educated in this location.
Resource room
Which instructional service delivery model outside of the regular classroom is considered least restrictive for students with disabilities?
Resource room
Which of the following terms refers to an element essential for speech? (Select all that apply.) Gestures Respiration Articulation Phonation
Respiration Articulation Phonation
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing student to use a graphic organizer
Response
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing student to use a spelling and grammar assistive device
Response
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing student to use sign language
Response
Read each example assessment accommodation described in the table below. Indicate which type of accommodation it is: presentation, response, timing/scheduling, or setting. Allowed to use a calculator
Response
What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an alternative to the discrepancy model?
Response to intervention
A student with a learning disability who has difficulty conversing and picking up social cues has problems with _____.
pragmatics
Which of the following options is an example of an academic/learning characteristic exhibited by a gifted and talented child?
Sees relationships among unrelated items
Late 1960s to early 1970s
Segregated programs (if available)
Edouard Seguin (1812-1880)
Seguin was a French physician responsible for developing teaching methods for children with intellectual disability.
Identify the Best assessment based on the area of giftedness: Leadership ability
Self- and peer-nomination
Identify the instructional strategy: An example is an assignment checklist.
Self-Monitoring Strategies
For adults with intellectual disabilities, this has become a common skill to emphasize to help them gain greater control over their lives and increase independence.
Self-advocacy
In the 2011-12 school year, about one-third (33.7%) of students with ASD were educated in this location
Self-contained classroom
It is important that educators allow students to make their own choices/decisions. At the same time, educators should also consider the cultural preferences of students.
Self-determination
Eva, a 12-year-old student who has received support for her attention challenges since first grade, is learning to identify and control her own behaviors. What strategy should Eva's teacher teach her?
Self-monitoring
Which instructional intervention listed below is effective for both academics and behavioral support while also benefiting most other students regardless of disability?
Self-monitoring
Which instructional strategy helps students diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder identify and control their own behaviors?
Self-regulation
A fifth grader is overhead saying, "My socks are in my feet." This example demonstrates that the child is having difficulty with which component of language?
Semantics
Individuals qualify for the use of an AAC device if they are diagnosed with ____________.
Severe speech and language impairments
This vocational option is less common, but is still an option for students with intellectual disabilities. This option involves limited training and interaction with individuals without disabilities.
Sheltered workshop
During lunch, Susie consciousness seemed to be impaired. She looked dazed and began bringing her milk carton back and forth between the table and the milk bin.
Simple complex
Melissa is a freshman in high school who has problems remembering the content of a lecture and interpreting her lecture notes. Which assistive technology would be appropriate for her?
Smart pen
The device used to screen for visual acuity is called a ___.
Snellen chart
Elliot is in second grade. At recess he tends to play by himself. Recently his teacher noticed that he does not respond to his peers when they approach him on the playground.
Social Skills
Keeping in mind that, in Renzulli's model, individuals bring their gifts and talents to bear on what Renzulli calls "performance areas" and categorizes as either general or specific, consider each example below and indicate whether you think it is a general or specific performance area. Cartooning
Specific
Match each type of curriculum or instruction for students with an intellectual disability with its corresponding description. Functional Curriculum
Target skills that can be applied to everyday routines
Julian is a two-year old suspected of having autism spectrum disorders. His mother reports that one of his preferred activities is lining up his toys. When asked about his engagement with her during playtimes, she says that he typically does not respond to his name being called or to her pointing out a preferred toy. He also does not use gestures to get someone to share in an experience with him. While he does have speech, he does not effectively use it to indicate his needs and/or preferences. When the clinician took out a doctor's kit, to gauge his ability to participate in an imaginative play scenario, he dumped all of the toys out of the bag and found the one button on the kit's carrying case. For the remainder of the imaginative play session, no matter how much the clinician attempted to regain his attention, he kept pressing the button. In the scenario above, which of the following main areas of ASD diagnostic criteria is exhibited in the mother's report of the difficulties she has engaging with Julian during play?
Social Skills
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is an example of social skills training or interpersonal problem-solving and conflict resolution. Unfortunately, some students struggle to transfer skills learning to real-life situations
Social Skills Training
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Dislike of routine, rules, and regulations
Social and Emotional
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Exhibits qualities of leadership
Social and Emotional
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Intrinsically motivated
Social and Emotional
What are examples of the characteristics of gifted and talented students? Consider each attribute below and indicate which main category it belongs in, Academic/Learning or Social and Emotional. Sensitive and empathetic
Social and Emotional
Consider each of the characteristics listed below and match it to the developmental domain it reflects by dragging the domain name (communication, social skills, or behavior) to the corresponding location. Lack of reciprocity
Social skills
Sarah went to purchase a new television. She was approached by a salesman who informed her that it is only a matter of time before all televisions are curved in an attempt to convince her to purchase a more expensive television than she had planned on. She ended up buying the exact television that the salesman suggested.
Social skills
Consider each option below and indicate whether it is an example of social skills training or interpersonal problem-solving and conflict resolution. Often uses direct instruction to teach appropriate responses.
Social skills training
Students with EBD are often in need of interventions to address other deficits outside of academic areas. For example _____ is often used to help students with EBD successfully interact with their peers, teachers, and other adults they encounter daily.
Social skills training
Which example listed below is a type of instructional technology?
Software that teaches multiplication
Based on established definitions, which of the following statements best explains the federal interpretation of a learning disability?
Some people lack information processing skills that are conductive to learning
Which description below best meets the definition of risk factors?
Something that increases susceptibility; particularly with regard to a disease or condition.
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #1
Sound waves move down the auditory canal
Match each type of cerebral palsy (CP) to the description that best describes it by dragging the name of the type into the correct location. Very tight muscles occurring in one or more muscle groups. This tightness results in stiff, uncoordinated movements.
Spastic
Initially, the classroom teacher, Mr. Smith, recommended that Sheila be removed from his class during reading and writing to work with the special education teacher. Though Sheila's speech improves, Mr. Smith observes that her participation in class activities is still below that of her peers. He reaches out to the special education teacher who coordinates with Sheila's parents and the speech pathologist to further investigate what might be going on. After sharing and discussing information about Sheila based on their experiences with her, the team meets to further discuss what additional changes might be necessary to Sheila's plan. In this scenario, which person is responsible for managing and coordinating the services that Shelia would receive?
Special education teacher
Which of the following best defines special education services?
Specially designed instruction provided by the school district or agency that meets the needs of identified students.
Read each description of AAC devices below. Indicate whether the a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) or a Speech Generating Devices (SGDs) is being described. Are the following scenarios examples of numerical or non-numerical analysis? In this AAC option, a device is typically programmed for the specific student. When buttons are pressed, the device produces a voice to communicate needs and/or preferences.
Speech-Generating Devices (SGDs)
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Abigail is mostly interested in math, a subject at which she excels. She's a good but disinterested reader.
Standard group
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Justin likes to read, but he often struggles to fully comprehend or remember what he's read.
Standard group
Consider the descriptions of students below and indicate which of the two groups--Standard or Gifted and Talented (GT)--would be the best placement for each student. Paul has never been a strong reader, but he gets by. He'd much rather be in art class.
Standard group
Targets academic content based on general education curriculum, but also ensures that daily living skills are acquired for successful integration in school, community, and home settings
Standards-based curriculum
Which of the following is not a component of both an individual family service plan (IFSP) and an individualized education program IEP?
Statement of family resources, priorities, and concerns
Read each description below and indicate whether it refers to clinically or statistically derived classifications of EBD. Describes behavior in terms of two definitions: externalizing and internalizing behavior
Statistically Derived
Read each description below and indicate whether it refers to clinically or statistically derived classifications of EBD. Uses techniques to establish "dimensions" behavior
Statistically Derived
Which classification system uses dimensions of behavior to assist in characterizing youth who are being assessed for an EBD?
Statistically derived
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. Mrs. Barnett notices that sometimes Johnny removes the FM system from his ears, especially during small group work. He tells her that students tend to ask him too many questions about the new device during small group work. He finds the attention on him and the device distracting. She encourages Johnny to keep the device on at all times.
Stigmatization
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. Nicky operates at a slower pace during math class due to her use of the talking calculator. Because of this, many of her peers do not like to work with her in fear that the 'calculator' girl will slow them down.
Stigmatization
To experience undesired negative attention due to using assistive technology is ________________.
Stigmatization
Description of Contemporary Method of Assessment Built on the assumption that all children have strengths and that deficits are not static but, rather, viewed as opportunities to learn. Assessment Method Name?
Strength-based assessment
What type of learning environment do most children with ADHD best respond to?
Structured and predictable
Which of the following is a common misconception that leads to problems in assessing students from linguistically diverse groups?
Students who become fluent in conversational English have the complex language skills necessary for academic success.
Which of these statements is correct about assistive technology (AT) and students with ADHD?
Students with ADHD who are not eligible for special education may still be entitled to AT.
Public Law 105-17 (1997)
Students with disabilities required to participate in state and district wide assessments Transition planning commences at age 14 Orientation and mobility included as a related service Discretionary use of 'developmentally delay' label for pupils ages 3-9 General educators required to participate on IEP team Students with disabilities are to be involved in and have access to general education curriculum Mediation offered as a means of resolving disputes Benchmarks and measurable annual goals emphasized Pupils who violate student code of conduct may be removed from their current educational placement only after due process hearing Assistive technology needs of each learner must be assessed Students expelled or suspended from school are still entitled to receive services in accordance with their IEP Greater variety of assessment tools and strategies are permissible for initial evaluations and reevaluations
Which statement best describes the significance of placement decisions for learning disabled students?
Students with learning disabilities are less likely to feel stigmatized when they are taught in traditional classrooms.
Lewis Terman (1877-1956)
Terman was an American educator and psychologist who revised Binet's original assessment instrument. The result was the publication of the Stanford-Binet Scale of Intelligence in 1916. Terman developed the notion of intelligence quotient, or IQ. Also famous for his lifelong study of gifted individuals. Terman is considered the grandfather of gifted education.
Which of the following special factors should a speech-language pathologist (SLP) consider when providing therapy for adolescents and adults with speech and language impairment?
That adolescents and adults with speech and language impairments also encounter life situations and issues common to their peers without disabilities.
How are portfolio assessments different from other assessments?
They reveal strengths and weaknesses based on accomplishments.
An 18-month-old child is receiving early intervention services at a clinic for speech and language delays. You observe that the baby's therapy is taking place with a therapist in a room far down the hall, while the mother waits in the waiting room. What is the most important change the child's speech-language pathologist (SLP) could make to improve this situation so that it best facilitate therapy goals and progress?
The SLP should invite the mother to participate in the therapy session.
Which is not a characteristic or description of a student with multiple disabilities?
The additive effects of one disability on another existing disability.
Which of these statements best explains why cultural stereotyping affects the success of special education programs?
The approach to teaching students with learning impairments depends on behaviors and beliefs unique to individuals and their families.
A family has asked a neighbor to come over and babysit their one-year-old girl. When the parents return, the babysitter reports that the baby was happy but did not follow any directions. The neighbor stated that she told the baby to stop playing so she could go upstairs and get her pajamas on to get ready for bed, but the baby just continued playing and repeated the word bed. What could explain the problem in this situation?
The baby has not reached an age where her receptive language enables her to understand multiple-step directions.
Re-word the following phrases to person-first language The mentally retarded boy
The boy with mental retardation
Which of the individuals listed below would be the main person to create a checklist of needed modifications for a student with a physical or health disability?
The child's special education teacher
As a result of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA), families play a more active role in the special education process and are considered full team members. Which of the following statements best addresses what my prevent some families from actively participating as full team members and decision-makers despite IDEA?
The families feel overwhelmed by the educational planning process and do not completely understand their rights and how they can and should participate.
Station Teaching
The lesson is divided into two or more segments and presented in different locations in the classroom. One teacher presents one portion of the lesson while the other teacher provides a different portion. Then the groups rotate, and the teachers repeat their information to new groups of pupils. Students may also work independently at a different station.
The term speech refers to what?
The precise coordination of the respiratory system, phonatory system, and articulators to produce speech sounds
Which of the following best explains why learning disabilities went unrecognized for so long?
They were effectively masked by behavioral diversity
A student with EBD displays very aggressive behavior and is often sent out of the classroom. The student's IEP team has met on many occasions to address the problem, but a solution has not been found.
The student misses out on much of the important classroom instruction and learning activities, putting him behind his classmates.
A student with EBD has difficulty staying on topic in conversation as well as in his writing. His teacher tries to work with him as much as possible, but there is no reinforcement of conversation and writing skills in the home.
The student receives poor grades on essay writing assignments.
Which information must be included in an Individual Education Plan (IEP)?
The student's level of participation in the general education curriculum
Which assessment method is often used to help diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in conjunction with a medical evaluation?
The teachers and parents complete behavioral rating scales
What is a characteristic of children with limited English proficiency?
Their English language skills will require development
What is the main reason students with intellectual disabilities often struggle to maintain friendships?
Their behavior in social situations is perceived as inappropriate by their peers.
Which of these statements is true about underrepresentation in special education classes?
There are fewer Asian-American students in special education than in gifted and talented programs.
What is the age restriction stipulated by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973?
There is no age restriction
Which of the following options is characteristic of children with a moderate degree of prelingual hearing loss?
They are likely to benefit from cochlear implants
What are crisis prevention and management programs?
They are programs that teach educators how to effectively and proactively address students' violent, aggressive, and/or self-injurious behaviors.
What is the main reason children with visual impairments are likely to act awkward in groups and behave inappropriately in public?
They are unaware of social conventions typically learned through observation.
What do metacognition deficits, memory problems, and outer directedness have in common?
They can all be improved with teaching
Why are children with hearing impairments most likely to exhibit socially inappropriate behavior?
They have difficulty interpreting verbal clues distinguished by tone.
Eight-year-old Ricardo was recently diagnosed with ADHD, and his doctor has recommended that he take a psychostimulant medication to assist him with controlling his hyperactivity. His parents are questioning how a stimulant medication can lower their son's activity level. What should the doctor say to explain how these medications could help their child?
They increase the production of chemical neurotransmitters that control executive functions.
Which statement provides the best example of how educators promote literacy within the context of the expanded core curriculum?
They provide books, worksheets, and directional signs in Braille
DSM-III (1980) and DSM-III-R (1987)
This version of the DSM distinguished the disorder from childhood schizophrenia, which eventually included a checklist of criteria.
Maya is a fifth-grade student with gifts and talents. She loves math and excels on a daily basis. Maya is often bored, because she is completing the same activities as the rest of the class. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate to meet Maya's educational needs?
Tiered assignments
Aims to maximize instructional time, develop efficient schedules, and directly teach students to monitor their own schedules and due dates
Time management
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing student to take short breaks during the assessment
Timing and Scheduling
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Dividing the assessment into a series of smaller assessments over a few days
Timing and Scheduling
Read each example assessment accommodation described in the table below. Indicate which type of accommodation it is: presentation, response, timing/scheduling, or setting. Allotted more time
Timing/Scheduling
Which best describes the role of AAC?
To allow a student who cannot speak verbally to communicate via other ways.
The collaboration between the support professionals, teachers, parents, and even the student results in an individualized education program (IEP). The IEP is a written detailed plan developed by a team for each pupil ages 3-21 who receives a special education. This management tool describes the services, support, and adaptations that will be provided and the expected outcomes for the student. It is reviewed and revised at least annually. Which of the following would NOT be a right for Shelia's parents in this process?
To demand special education services regardless of the outcome of the evaluations.
While observing a child in her natural setting during an evaluation, a speech language pathologist pays particularly careful attention to the way the child interacts with her parent. What might be a main reason for this strategy?
To determine the strengths and weaknesses of the interaction, and provide guidance to the parent.
What is the main purpose of screening children as early as possible for speech and language disorders?
To identify children who may be at risk of having a speech or language impairment
When the assistant principal talks to the special education teacher, which of these is the best way to inquire about Sheila's progress?
To model respectful language, the assistant principal asks, "How is Sheila progressing with her speech difficulties?"
This approach focuses on individual needs, combining fingerspelling, sign, and speech-reading as needed.
Total communication
Which of the following options is NOT an orthopedic impairment?
Tourette's syndrome
Read each example and identify whether it is an example of a traditional or a contemporary method of assessing students with or at risk for EBD. Method that does not consider cultural or linguistic diversity
Traditional Method
Read each example and identify whether it is an example of a traditional or a contemporary method of assessing students with or at risk for EBD. Needs-based assessments
Traditional Method
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. Despite having the talking calculator, Nicky continues to struggle in math. The teacher realizes that Nicky does not use the calculator as often as she should. The teacher also observes that Nicky often does not know how to input certain symbols into the calculator. This slows her down during math class and often hinders her from completing her classwork.
Training
Peers often reject individuals with ID due to their poor interpersonal skills. True or False
True
Strength-based assessment is based on the assumption that all children and youth have strengths and that deficits are not static but, rather, are viewed as opportunities to learn.
True
Students with ID are prone to become dependent on assistance, which is why targeting self-determination skills is important to promote successful transition into adulthood.
True
For each situation presented below, decide whether cost, stigmatization, or training is affecting the acquisition or effective use of assistive technology. Johnny is a student in Mrs. Barnett's 5th grade class. Johnny has an IEP and receives special education services for a hearing impairment. Johnny's IEP concludes that he needs a new personal FM listening system since the old one he's had since first grade no longer meets his hearing needs. The new FM system is highly computerized and is far more technologically advanced than Johnny's previous device. As soon as Mrs. Barnett receives the new system she straps it on over her shoulder and proceeds to operate in the same way she did the old FM listening system. Days later, the special education teacher tells Mrs. Barnett that Johnny reported that Mrs. Barnett isn't using the new device. Mrs. Barnett expresses surprise, but realizes she did not set up the system correctly after the special education teacher reviews the set-up process with her.
Training
Includes strategies such as giving explicit directions on how to move from one activity to another, having students practice moving from one activity to another, and rewarding students who move smoothly between activities
Transition Management
A third-grade English learner received academic instruction in his native language for three years. The student has now gained sufficient English proficiency to be academically successful. In which program should this student now be placed?
Transitional program
The movement along a continuum from one stage to another and the accompanying adjustment period
Transitions
Some standardized tests may be used to gather data about the academic and behavioral profile of students with visual impairments. However, they often need to be adapted for this population. Which of the following are examples of adaptations? (Select all that apply.) Eliminating any test items where the examiner must read the test questions to the student Translating individual test items into Braille or writing answers in Braille Using print in a larger font so the student can read the questions
Translating individual test items into Braille or writing answers in Braille Using print in a larger font so the student can read the questions
Shorthand label: TBI
Traumatic brain injury
The term early intervention refers to _____________.
Treating a child between birth and five years of age with speech and language difficulties and impairments
The term "early intervention" refers to __________.
Treating a child between birth and five years of age with speech and language difficulties and impariments
According to the Individuals with Disabilities Act of 2004, an individualized education program (IEP) must include annual goals that are written in measurable terms.
True
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is primarily for people who have severe expressive disorders.
True
Fathers are often more affected by the physical visibility of their child's disability than mothers.
True
For people with hearing impairments, language development is often directly related to intellectual development.
True
In most cases, the earlier the intervention, the more effective it is for treating difficulties with communication.
True
In thinking about implementing universal design in the classroom, teachers must first consider the content standards before pursuing any form of UDL.
True
Individuals with ID struggle to generalize skills to novel contexts and situations. True or False
True
Initially, the classroom teacher, Mr. Smith, recommended that Sheila be removed from his class during reading and writing to work with the special education teacher. Though Sheila's speech improves, Mr. Smith observes that her participation in class activities is still below that of her peers. He reaches out to the special education teacher who coordinates with Sheila's parents and the speech pathologist to further investigate what might be going on. After sharing and discussing information about Sheila based on their experiences with her, the team meets to further discuss what additional changes might be necessary to Sheila's plan. Shelia works with the special education teacher for reading and writing. This is the least restrictive environment (LRE) for Shelia.
True
Most individuals with autism spectrum disorder exhibit some level of intellectual disability.
True
Mothers tend to be very emotional and when it comes to having a child with a disability.
True
Mrs. Leon teaches sixth grade math. Ryan, one of her students, recently experienced a concussion in his last football game and has since demonstrated difficulty recalling how to complete various problems. Despite pre-referral intervention services, Ryan's performance has not improved. Ryan should be referred for special education.
True
PRT and DTT were both created out of the principles of behavior as defined by the science of applied behavior analysis.
True
How well language is used in social situations and how it is interpreted
pragmatics
At Hartley Elementary School all students have been recently assigned an email address that students may use to submit assignments and receive individualized feedback from their teachers. Mr. Stewart is excited but a bit nervous about the new system and how his students with EBD will respond. He helps each student sign up for a school email address and teaches them how to access, send, and receive emails. Initially, it was a great system; however, once students became more familiar with the technology, he began to hear rumors that some of his students were using the new email systems to send hurtful and inappropriate messages to classmates.
Unintended and/or inappropriate use of technology
In using the worksheets to evaluate Terry's AT needs, the _____ decision making framework was used during IEP.
University of Kentucky Assistive Technology (UKAT) Toolkit
How can teachers support the accurate identification of EBDs in students who are culturally and linguistically diverse?
Use behavior management strategies
Select the description of characteristics and/or roles in AT decision making during the IEP determination process that most accurately describes the AT decision-making framework/assessment indicated. Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative (WATI)
Used to identify the types of technology that may benefit students with various disabilities, based on students' abilities and challenges, environments, and tasks for IEP consideration
Which of the following options is a recommendation to combat the underrepresentation of culturally diverse learners in programs for gifted and talented students?
Using culturally sensitive identification practices
____________ is one recommendation for combatting the underrepresentation of culturally diverse learners in programs for gifted and talented pupils?
Using culturally sensitive identification practices
Which of the following is a mnemonic strategy used to assist students with memory?
Using rhymes or patterns
Which of the following components should be a part of a transition program for a student with EBD? (Select all that apply.) Crisis prevention Vocational training Parental and student involvement Inter-agency collaboration
Vocational training Parental and student involvement Inter-agency collaboration
There are sounds which result from a disorder of the larynx
Voice disorder
Consider each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a physical environment intervention. Classroom arrangement
Yes
Roughly 40.7% of students receiving special education services in public schools have ___
specific learning disabilities
Which category of disability has the highest incidence?
specific learning disability (about 4 of every 10 students receiving SPED services)
Consider each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a physical environment intervention. Proximity and movement management
Yes
Consider each example listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered a physical environment intervention. Time management
Yes
Consider each of the factors listed below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be considered a biological influence of an EBD. Exposure to toxins
Yes
Consider each of the factors listed below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be considered a biological influence of an EBD. Genetics
Yes
Consider each of the factors listed below and indicate whether it would (Yes) or would not (No) be considered a biological influence of an EBD. Infections
Yes
Consider each of the following factors and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) considered by the IEP team when selecting an instructional approach.
Yes
Successful oral expression of language requires ____. not articulatros
speech
Evaluate each characteristic. Determine if it is (Yes) or is not (No) a behavioral characteristic of a student with a visual impairment. Appears clumsy when going from one place to another.
YEs
Amy is a nine-year-old girl with Down Syndrome. To increase her independence in toileting (i.e., remembering to try every hour), she uses a device that provides prompts at specific time intervals as a reminder to go to the restroom. Yes or no? Is this example an application of assisitve technology?
Yes
Consider each area of impairment listed and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Behavior
Yes
Consider each area of impairment listed and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Communication
Yes
Consider each area of impairment listed and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Social skills
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Creativity
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Curriculum compacting
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Flexible and cluster grouping
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Higher-level thinking and problem solving
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Pacing instruction
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. Problem-based learning
Yes
Consider each differentiation strategy listed below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) compatible with inclusive education. tiered assignments
Yes
Individual measures of intelligence such as the ___ are preferred to group measures for their ability to present a more comprehensive assessment.
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Which assessment provides a formal and comprehensive measure of giftedness?
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Which of the options below is an individual measure of intelligence that is preferred to group measures for its ability to present a more comprehensive assessment?
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
It's important for SLPs working with EL children to remember that _____________.
the development of speech and language skills varies across cultures
Read each scenario below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) demonstrate difficulties with theory of mind. Third graders Christopher and Johnny are playing with Legos. Christopher has ASD. While they are playing, Christopher starts telling Johnny where to put blocks and what to build because he wants to build a city. Johnny tells Christopher that he wants build a boat, but Christopher tells him that he can't do that because boats aren't in a city.
Yes
Read each scenario below and indicate whether the assistive technology described is (Yes) or is not (No) an example of AAC. Isaac, a nonverbal seven-year old with ID, has an educational goal of interacting with peers during free time or unstructured times during class periods. His teacher provides him with a tablet computer during these times to simulate interaction between him and his general education peers.
Yes
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They are biased toward individuals who have had training on test-taking skills.
Yes
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They are likely to be unreliable when translated into other languages.
Yes
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They fail to consider how life experiences affect understanding of text.
Yes
Read each statement and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a common complaint about the fairness of IQ tests for minority students. They place heavy emphasis on verbal skills as a measure of intellectual potential.
Yes
Read each statement below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe the idea of disproportionality. It addresses a group's proportion in special education being different from that of a comparison group.
Yes
Read each statement below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe the idea of disproportionality. It addresses a group's representation in special education being different from that group's proportion of the overall population.
Yes
Read each statement below and indicate whether it does (Yes) or does not (No) describe the idea of disproportionality. It has been an issue for sometime in special education.
Yes
Read each statement below indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI? It combines assessment and teaching
Yes
Read each statement below indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI? It is language-based
Yes
Read each student profile presented below and indicate whether the student would (Yes) or would not (No) classify as having multiple disabilities. Emily was diagnosed with spina bifida at birth. She was able to perform at level similar to her peers until third grade. After her parents and teacher expressed concern about her academic functioning. She was evaluated and has recently received a diagnosis of intellectual disability.
Yes
Read each student profile presented below and indicate whether the student would (Yes) or would not (No) classify as having multiple disabilities. Garrett was diagnosed with asthma when he was in kindergarten and his parents have struggled to control it since he was diagnosed. He has been in the emergency room on many occasions. Garrett is now a very active and energetic third grader and has recently been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Yes
Read the list of possible ASD causes in the table below and indicate whether or not the factors described contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders by selecting "Yes" (they do) or "No" (they do not). Abnormal brain chemistry and development
Yes
Read the list of possible ASD causes in the table below and indicate whether or not the factors described contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders by selecting "Yes" (they do) or "No" (they do not). Genetic predisposition
Yes
Review the speech and language difficulties listed below and indicate whether each would (Yes) or would not (No) affect a child with a speech disorder. Select your answer from the drop-down menu. Tongue, lips, teeth, and jaw
Yes
Review the speech and language difficulties listed below and indicate whether each would (Yes) or would not (No) affect a child with a speech disorder. Select your answer from the drop-down menu. articulation, fluency, and jaw
Yes
Special educators consider a number of factors when assessing the family's influence on children with learning disabilities. According to professionals, which of these factors is determined largely by culture? Cultural definitions of deviant behavior
Yes
Special educators consider a number of factors when assessing the family's influence on children with learning disabilities. According to professionals, which of these factors is determined largely by culture? The cohesiveness of the family unit
Yes
Special educators consider a number of factors when assessing the family's influence on children with learning disabilities. According to professionals, which of these factors is determined largely by culture? The family's ability to adapt to change
Yes
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. Hearing Impairment
Yes
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. Intellectual Disability
Yes
Which of the following practices is a foundational principle for early intervention services? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. Family-centered practice
Yes
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. Multiple Disabilities
Yes
The Individuals with Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 defines categories of disability that individuals can receive special education services under. In the table below, indicate whether each of the disabilities listed is ("Yes") or is not ("No") included in the IDEA categories. {Specific} Learning Disability
Yes
Which of the following components would be incorporated into therapy with an EL child? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (it would be) or "No" (it would not be) from the drop-down menu in each row. Involving parents and family as teaching partners
Yes
Which of the following components would be incorporated into therapy with an EL child? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (it would be) or "No" (it would not be) from the drop-down menu in each row. Predictable books, riddles, or songs
Yes
Which of the following components would be incorporated into therapy with an EL child? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (it would be) or "No" (it would not be) from the drop-down menu in each row. Targeting therapy goals in classroom activities
Yes
Which of the following components would be incorporated into therapy with an EL child? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (it would be) or "No" (it would not be) from the drop-down menu in each row. Utilizing friendships and peers in the classroom
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Communication skills
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Humor
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Imagination/creativity
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Inquiry
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Insight
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Interests
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Memory
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Motivation
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Problem solving
Yes
Which of the following core attributes of giftedness that Frasier and her colleagues identified in African American, Native American, and Hispanic children is unique to these groups--that is, not accounted for in general definitions and summaries of character traits of gifted and talented individuals? Indicate whether each attribute is (Yes) or is not (No) common to GT individuals in general. Reasoning
Yes
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. applying for a job
Yes
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. enrolling in new academic classes
Yes
Which of the following practices is a foundational principle for early intervention services? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. Evidence-based practice
Yes
If a child has trouble formulating sentences with proper word order, they may have _________. (Select all that apply.) a language disorder a syntactic disorder a fluency disorder a speech disorder
a language disorder a syntactic disorder (Partially)
A child often utters sentences like, "My friend has two dog." The child is exhibiting ______.
a morphological disorder
A child sometimes pronounces a sound correctly, but at other times does not. The child is exhibiting __________.
a phonological disorder
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: The assessment/evaluation should be conducted by....
a team of individuals closest to the student with deaf-blindness
Behavioral Inhibition
ability to delay a response
There are two major areas of concern with regard to effective academic intervention. _____ deal with instructional programs or materials used by classroom teachers to teach specific content.
academic curriculum
In fact, some believe that, for students with EBD, the focus should be on strong and effective _____ and that these effective interventions will also _____.
academic interventions improve behavior
Grade skipping is an example of ____________.
acceleration
Incidences or situations that cause a person to acquire a disability after birth
acquired causes
An injury or damage to the central nervous system (CNS) that originates outside the person and has been linked to learning disorders in children is known as a(n) ________________.
acquired trauma
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #6
activation of cells in the cochlea
practical skills
activities of daily living (personal care), occupational skills, healthcare, travel/transportation, schedules/routines, safety
In order to receive a diagnosis of intellectual disability, an individual must be evaluated in the areas of intellectual functioning and _____. To assess the second area, there are several options clinicians can use, one of which is the _____. Evaluating the second area was recently added to the battery of assessments that individuals undergo to receive a diagnosis of intellectual disability. It was added in order to provide a more _____ and accurate evaluation of the individual's abilities and needs.
adaptive behavior Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale comprehensive
Intellectual disability is characterized by limitations in two main areas: intellectual functioning and ______. Symptoms must manifest before age 18. There are several potential causes of intellectual disability. An example of a prenatal cause is _______; an example of a perinatal cause is _______; and an example of a postnatal cause is ______.
adaptive behavior chromosomal abnormalities premature birth lead exposure
Intellectual disabilities are those that affect two main areas: intellectual functioning and ____, which affects the ability to perform most everyday activities. Both fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome are chromosomal abnormalities that result in some degree of intellectual impairment. ______is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability.
adaptive behavior; down syndrome
For the expanded core curriculum to be successful with visually-impaired students, it is exceptionally important that it __________.
address the individual challenges of each student
The incorporation of task analysis in a general education curriculum helps students with ID primarily by _____.
addressing their specific performance deficiencie
A person with ADHD has _____ chance of having learning or psychiatric disorder.
an increased
Every high school student who is enrolled in a special education program is to have ___ as part of his or her IEP.
an individualized transition plan (ITP)
Every high school student who is enrolled in a special education program is to have ______ as part of his or her IEP
an individualized transitional plan (ITP)
Which of the following options is NOT an example of assistive technology?
an inhaler
_____ are characterized by internalizing disorders and behaviors related to poor self-confidence and self-esteem.
anxiety and/or withdrawal
Most evidence-based instructional strategies for students with ASD are based on the principles of _____.
applied behavior analysis
A disorder that affects the motor programming of speech is referred to as ____.
apraxia
fluid in anterior cavity
aqueous humor
An unsupported stereotype about visual impairment is that people with functional blindness _____.
are dependent on others to meet their needs
Braille is most likely to be the primary medium of instruction for students who __________.
are diagnosed as legally blind
Students with EBD _____ build and maintain healthy relationships with others.
are often unable to
area of accommodation or modification: Sending home the "question of the day" the night before so the student's answer can be programmed into a device.
class participation
Conversely, psychiatrists and mental health professionals have developed _______ to describe childhood, adolescent, and adult mental disorders. An example of the latter classification system is the _____.
clinically derived classification systems Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Which instructional strategy places five or more students who have similar needs and abilities with one teacher with the purpose of providing targeted instruction based on need?
cluster grouping
What are the main differences between stuttering and cluttering? Identify which fluency disorder the characteristic is associated with. Disorganization of speech planning
cluttering
Intellectual disability is characterized primarily be deficiencies in _____.
cognitive function and adaptive behavior
At times in the education planning process, the dynamics of family ____ can impede the level of independence each person has, including the child with the disability.
cohesion
The degree of freedom and independence experienced by each member of the family
cohesion
An individual typically uses both speech and language as well as non-linguistic behaviors to ____ ideas, information, thoughts, and feelings with others.
communicate
When a child points to a ball that she wants, this is an example of_____________.
communication
area of accommodation or modification: Using pictures to request favorite games during recess
communication
A child struggling with a receptive language problem would have trouble with ____ whereas children with an expressive language problem would more likely struggle with ____.
comprehending language producing language
While most individuals with autismspectrum disorders demonstrate difficulties across the domains of communication, social skills, and behavior, it is important that services be provided in a _____ manner.
comprehensive, individualized
Runs software that synthesizes speech from the keyboard and puts print on the screen
computer
Physical aggression, difficulty controlling anger, open disobedience, and oppositionality are often seen in students who have ____.
conduct disorder
Blockage of the outer or middle ear causes _____ hearing loss, which reduces the loudness of sounds.
conductive
According to the federal government, a person who is legally blind has a visual impairment that __________.
demands the use of tactile or auditory stimuli for learning
The 3 learning media options of visual learning are...
demonstration imitation pictures
The aim of ____ during well-child visits is to identify the red flags of autism spectrum disorder early.
developmental screening
Alfred Strauss
devised an experiment to study children's problems with selective attention and distractibility.
Two "gold standard" assessment tools are used during the _____.
diagnostic process
Research has shown that children who are deaf often play in a _____ way than their peers who do not have a hearing loss. For instance, children who are deaf have ____ language interaction as part of their play. They also would rather play in ____ groups than their playmates that have normal hearing.
different less smaller
Moderate to severe TBI-cognitive ability
difficulty sustaining attention, shifting attention, organization, planning comprehension and memory
Which term refers to an inability or incapacity to perform a task or activity in a normal fashion?
disability
A teacher notes that a four-year-old child had a temper tantrum that lasted 30 minutes. Which dimension of behavior is the teacher's comment associated with?
duration
The term "perinatal" refers to the period ____.
during birth
For students with or at risk for EBD, _____ is key to providing the student with the most positive outcome. However, services in this area are often ____.
early intervention lacking
Gestures and facial expressions can be combined with sign language to help students __________.
emotions and feelings
The IDEA recognizes the importance of orientation and mobility training for students with visual disabilities mainly because it __________.
encourages skills for independent living
area of accommodation or modification: Wheelchair-accessible desk placed near the door
environmental arrangement
To assist individuals with day-to-day tasks and activities ____ can be used
environmental control units
Parent organizations may serve any of these functions EXCEPT ____
evaluating special education programs
Families of students with visual impairments can help educators with mobility and orientation training mainly by __________.
explaining issues that affect functioning in the home environment
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Formulating grammatically correct sentences and questions
expressive language
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Frequently repeats information
expressive language
When used as a technique to diagnose learning disabilities in students, the RTI model best supports an argument for ______________.
gearing instructional strategies toward individual student needs.
True or False. By informing Shelia's parents of the team's decision, the school satisfies its obligation to keep parents involved in the special education process.
false
Which individual often allows the disability diagnosis to affect how he or she evaluates the family and consequently influences the perceptions of the entire family?
father
Learned helplessness is a concept that has been used to link underachievement to ____. teacher incompetence
fear of failure
Which method of communication uses the manual alphabet of American Sign Language?
fingerspelling
In UDL, learning tasks and activities are designed to allow for ___ and offer ____ ways to learn
flexibility; various
Most educators today support the idea that instruction for students with visual impairments should do which of the following EXCEPT __________.
focus on experienced-based activities
transition planning includes post-secondary education, vocational training, integrated employment (including supported employment), continuing and adult education.
focused on improving functional skills and academic skills
Samuel Gridley Howe (1801-1876)
founder of the first American school for the blind students
From 2011 to 2012, _____ out of every ten students who received special education services in the United States had been diagnosed with learning disabilities.
four
Approximately _____ of the students served under the IDEA label of autism are educated in the general education setting.
four out of ten (39.9%)
Primary learning channels are tactile or auditory
functionally blind
A learning media assessment is conducted primarily to determine whether a student __________.
gains information through visual, tactile, or auditory stimuli
Severe TBI- physical ability
limited or no ability to walk or use their hands
Mild TBI
headache, fatigue, distractibility, memory problems
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. cystic fibrosis
health disability
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. epilepsy
health disability
Has programmable electronic components used to amplify sounds and is worn in the ear.
hearing aids
Involves either the left or right side of the body
hemiplegia
The population of students who are deaf blind is incredibly ____. Students in this population have very ____ needs. Students may have other disabilities in addition to deaf-blindness. Of students who are deaf-blind, approximately ____ have complex health needs, _____ have cognitive deficits, _____ have physical impairments, and ____ have speech and language impairments as well as behavioral challenges.
heterogeneous unique 38% 66% 57% many
All _____ who receive special education services are required to have an ______ in his or her ______. This document is intended to _____.
high school students Individualized Transition Plan (ITP) Individualized Education Program (IEP) promote post-secondary success
_____, which is no longer a part of DSM, is typically diagnosed later in life (i.e., school years) because these children tend to be ______.
high-funcitoning
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Tablet Computer
high-tech
E-readers serve as a ________ assistive technology for students with reading difficulties.
high-tech
Which type of ACC solution is most appropriate for the individual described, and what are its primary characteristics. Olivia is 18-years old and has cerebral palsy. Her receptive language is typical but her expressive language is significantly disordered to the extent that she can only say a few words. She would like a device that generates an endless array of possible speech phrases and sentences so that she can express herself freely in various social settings.
high-tech Rechargeable, speech generating device that is typically expensive and requires extensive training.
The rules of pragmatics in language govern _________.
how language is used in social situations
The term "syntax" refers to
how words are strung together
CAPD is most likely a result of ____________.
impaired coordination between the brain and the ear
Which of the following symptoms is NOT evidence of a shunt blockage for a person with spina bifida?
impaired hearing
A second- grade teacher, Ms. Candy, is preparing for a student with autism who will be included in her general education class during the upcoming school year. One way that she provides structure to her students is to give multiple verbal warnings about upcoming transitions such as going to a special classroom or changing activities within her classroom. One way that she could modify this strategy to build on the preferences of the new student with ASD is to ___. Ms. Candy talks with the student's previous teacher and learns the boy with ASD who will be joining her class enjoys Spiderman and Star Wars, so Ms. Candy decides to _______.
incorporate a visual warning of upcoming transition incorporate these interests in class activities
When students with visual impairments leave high school, the main issue that they and their families face is personal ____. Parent and professional ____ and local or national ____ groups can provide information about resources and on-going support for families as they address this critical area.
independence organizations advocacy
Transition planning is based on the individual's needs, taking into account their strengths preferences, and interests.
individualized
Jot-down forms and checklists are types of ___ assessments.
informal
The use of jot-down forms and checklists are ____ measures.
informal
_____ describes methods by which students can access information, such as the internet.
informational technology
area of accommodation or modification: Chapter book with enlarged print
instructional and curricular
____ aims to achieve teaching and learning goals through the use of technology.
instructional technology
According to the IDEA, a learning disability (LD) diagnosis is typically justified when a student demonstrates a noted discrepancy between________________.
intellectual ability and academic achievement
Shorthand label: ID
intellectual disability
Which of the following is NOT a type of data that must be gathered to accurately assess and diagnose ADHD?
intelligence data
A child with visual impairment must be _____ taught social considerations such as age-appropriate behavior, eating skills, and clothing norms.
intentionally
Which team involves each team member performing individual assessment and then collaborating for program development?
interdisciplinary
Which type of teaming involves each team member performing individual assessment and then collaborating for program development?
interdisciplinary
Team members from different disciplines perform their evaluations independently, but program development and instructional recommendations are the result of information sharing ad joint planning. There is an integrated plan of services and a holistic view of the student's strengths and needs. Greater communication, coordination, and collaboration are the distinctive trademarks of this model
interdisciplinary teams
Another important component to many of the evidence-based practices for individuals on the autism spectrum is incorporating ____ into learning opportunities.
interest
Schools conduct vision screening early in a child's academic career primarily to diagnose impairments that __________.
interfere with functional behavior
Victoria, who is the best artist in her eighth-grade class, equally well known for her inability to sing. One of her classmates, Melinda, has a learning disability. Her reading ability is almost three years below grade level, yet she consistently earns very high grades in math. Mr. Dialo, their general education teacher, noticed this Hint, displayed below____ difference early in the school year. It wasn't until later that he recognized Victoria's inability to sing was part of a pattern that suggested her hearing may be a factor. He documented this Hint, displayed below____ difference for immediate follow-up.
interindividual; intraindividual
Social Skills
interpersonal skills, social responsibility, self-esteem, gullibility, naivete (i.e. wariness), social problem solving, and the ability to follow rules/obey laws and to avoid being victimized
Louis Braille (1809-1852)
invented a printing system for the blind that consists of dots
An instructional program for a student who learns primarily through tactile means would most likely include activities that __________.
involve the construction of live models
As a learning approach, direct instruction ___________________________.
involves the most intensive teacher engagement
What area of the eye control the size of the pupil?
iris
PL 107-110 emphasizes academic achievement as measured by student performance on standardized tests. Mark rather these are an implication or not. The enactment of this law has ushered in an era of what is now commonly referred to as "high-stakes testing" or "high-stakes assessment."
is an implication
A device or appliance that allows a student with a physical or health disability to enter information into a computer ____________.
is called an input modification
A device or program that alters how information is presented or retrieved from a computer ____________.
is called an output modification
Before prescribing a hearing aid for any student, audiologists must ensure that the device __________.
is programmed to meet individual needs
What is the function of the retina?
it contains photo-receptor cells
What is the function of the cornea?
it protects the eye and begins to focus light
This person provides intensive training and support on job skills at the actual place of employment.
job coach
Because students with ASD often ____, it is important to intentionally plan for the students to acquire these skill to increase the likelihood of a successful transition into the community.
lack leisure skills
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Points to body parts
language (Between 1 and 2 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Asks many "who" and "why" questions
language (Between 4 and 5 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Knows spatial relations and oppositions
language (Between 5 and 6 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. can tell a story
language (between 3 and 4 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Uses past tense correctly
language (between 4 and 5 years of age)
Which of the following examples are speech milestones and which are language milestones? Also, what is the age range by which children typically reach each milestone? Use the drop-down list in each column of the table to indicate your answers. Understands simple instructions
language (by age 1)
Conceptual skills
language and literacy; money, time, and number concepts; and self-direction
Research as also show that _____ deficits are fairly common among students with EBD.
language communication
A talking calculator and an abacus can help compensate for visual deficiencies mainly because they allow students to ___________.
learn through tactile and auditory stimuli
Which exceptionalities most frequently co-occur with ADHD? Learning disabilities Cerebral Palsy Hearing or vision loss Emotional and mental health disorders
learning disabilities Emotional and mental health disorders
IDEA mandates that services be provided to students in the __________.
least restrictive environment
The continuum of services is a series of educational placements that can be used to determine a student's ___.
least restrictive environment
Which structure of the eye determines whether a person has abnormal vision (e.g., is nearsighted or farsighted)?
lens
the transparent structure that changes shape when ciliary muscles contract or relax
lens
How early students with autism spectrum disorders receive services contributes to the placements they experience being ____ during the school year.
less restrictive
The DSM-5 characterizes individuals with an autism diagnosis by describing ____ support needs
levels of
Despite the strong correlation between EBD and poor academic performance research focused interventions to improve academic performance in students with EBD is _____.
limited
Transition planning addresses adult services, independent living, or community participation such as: work behaviors, independent living skills, and recreational and leisure time activities. Specific instruction related services, community experiences may include functional vocational evaluations and needed adaptions.
living and employment options are considered
In addition to employment options for students with autism, ____ should also be included in transition planning.
living arrangements
A student with an intellectual disability is likely to show no evidence of impairment regarding ____.
long-term meomry
Research has found that students with EBD typically score in the _____ range on measures of intelligence.
low-average
Most research shows that most students with EBD tend to have ___.
low-average intelligence scores
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Handheld magnifiers
low-tech
Silverware with padded handles or magnifying glasses are forms of _____ assistive technology.
low-tech
Epilepsy and asthma are both ____.
major health impairments
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Review of applicable legislation
not included
The primary benefit of self-instruction as a strategy for teaching students with learning disabilities is that it ____________________.
makes them aware of problem-solving techniques
Joey is a third-grader who receives special educaiton services under the IDEA disability label of autism. It is now a couple of weeks into the school year, and Joey's special education teacher has noticed that he exhibits ____ when unexpected transitions are presented, which _____ he receives.
maladaptive behavior limits the amount of instructional time
The ossicular chain is one of the most important structures in the ear for functional hearing. It is made up a chain of three bones. The _____, is the first bone in this chain and is attached to the tympanic membrane.
malleus
Parent/guardian participation in educational decision-making is _____.
mandated
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: Using criterion referenced tests and informal observations.....
may provide some useful information, but have some limitations
All types of TBI
may require teachers to use various modifications and techniques to meet the needs of the student
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #3
mechanical interactions of the bones of the middle ear
The schoolwork of students with ADHD is often ______ and ______.
messy disorganized
Calculators and switches are forms of _____ assistive technology.
mid-tech
Categorize the AT devices into low-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech Basic Calculators
mid-tech
The 3 learning media options of tactual learning are....
models physical prompting real objects
Using voice recognition software (VRS) is a way of ____.
modifying input
Generally speaking, the effectiveness of any instructional strategy for teaching students with LD depends largely on _______________.
modifying techniques to suit individual learning characteristics
ADHD is identified _____.
more often in boys than girls
A kindergartener is demonstrating difficulty with word endings. For example, he often omits endings such as -ing (saying "play" instead of "playing") and -est (saying "big" instead of "biggest"). This child is demonstrating difficulty with what component of language?
morphology
Which components of language do the specific examples below represent? Drag the name of each component to the location next to the correct example. Word endings such as -ing, -s, -ed
morphology
Which form of language includes the rules governing how words are formed from meaningful units?
morphology
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: Using norm-referenced assessments.....
most often do not provide useful information
Which area listed is NOT discussed in a transition plan for individuals with physical or other health impairment?
motivation and attitude
Examples of ______ include restlessness, tension, and "jumpiness."
motor tension excess
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #5
movement of fluid within the inner ear
A(n) ____________ of a student's strengths may include informal measures such as a portfolio of work samples, anecdotal records, rating scales of gifted characteristics, and evaluations by experts.
multi-factor assessment
A group of professionals from different disciplines who perform their evaluations and services independent of one another. A team exists only in the sense that each person shares a common goal. There is very little coordination or collaboration across discipline areas.
multidisciplinary teams
Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
naturalistic
UDL is the design curriculum materials, instructional activities, and evaluation procedures to meet the varying ____. The Goal of UDL is to make curriculum ____.
needs of students; accessible for students
ADHD is considered a _______
neurodevelopmental disorder
Consider each statement in the table below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders prefer observational learning.
no
Review the speech and language difficulties listed below and indicate whether each would (Yes) or would not (No) affect a child with a speech disorder. Select your answer from the drop-down menu. Language, vocabulary, grammar
no
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. talking with a parent
no
Which of the following types of assessments should be used in the evaluation of a preschool child's language skills? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (should be used) or "No" (should not be used) from the drop-down menu in each row. Friend/peer interviews
no
Which of the following considerations should be included in a speech and language assessment? Drag each consideration from the list into the correct column to indicate whether it should or should not be included. Dietary Restrictions
not included
When an astigmatism is present, the cornea is cylindrical instead of spherical. This causes light rays ______.
not to focus at a single point
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: Authentic assessment is a strategy that involves....
obtaining information about the child during normal activities and across environments
Approximately ____ of the students served under the IDEA label of autism are educated in a self-contained classroom.
one third (33.7%)
A child diagnosed with apraxia has difficulty with ________________.
oral coordination
According to the AAIDD, for a person to be classified as intellectually disabled the cognitive deficiency must ____.
originate before the age of 18
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is classified as a/an
other health impairment
African American or black students are _____ in special education under the disability category of EBD.
overrepresented
Which components of language do the specific examples below represent? Drag the name of each component to the location next to the correct example. Consonants and vowels
phonolgy
This disorder is characterized by the abnormal organization of speech sounds into patterns
phonologic
Problems with reading and writing may be linked to _____ for individuals with learning disabilities.
phonological awareness
Keeley is a four-year-old girl who is often misunderstood by her peers and teachers. She is referred to a speech and language pathologist (SLP) to address the problem. The SLP takes a speech sample by listening to Keeley during free play and hears the following: "I got a tar (car). It does (goes) really fast. Where is your tar (car)? Oh no where did your tar (car) do (go)? It's done (gone). You tan (can) play with this tar (car). It does (goes) fast too." Keeley would most likely be diagnosed with a ____ because she demonstrates a consistent pattern of ____.
phonological disorder substituting sounds
A professor of linguistics mentions that the English -th sound, as in the word "this," does not appear in German. The professor is applying _____.
phonology
The sounds, stress, and intonation patterns, and the distribution and order of the sounds
phonology
The Five Basic Components of Language
phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. Cerebral palsy
physical disability
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. spina bifida
physical disability
Consider each disability listed below and indicate whether it is categorized as a physical disability or a health disability. spinal cord injury
physical disability
An important difference between speech and language is that speech is the ____ that produces oral sounds, whereas language is the ____ to represent ideas and concepts.
physical motor movement use of signs and symbols
One of the biggest problems with using standardized tests with hearing-impaired children is that these assessments generally __________.
place heavy emphasis on the assessment of verbal skills
For students who are unable to sit or stand independently a ____ may be used and _____ can be used to enable students to move about freely.
positioning devices mobility devices
Developing a transition plan for students with disabilities requires their active involvement. While most students with intellectual disabilities pursue employment as their goal upon graduating, increasingly, these students are considering and pursuing _____. For those who pursue employment, the most common option is _____, which involves natural supports and intensive job skills training.
post-secondary education programs Supported employment
A _____ hearing impairment is an auditory deficit received after someone develops speech and language skills.
postlingual
____ hearing impairment that is acquired before speech and language skills are developed
prelingual
In general, students who require behavioral or cognitive-behavioral supports respond best when the teacher approaches planning for these supports by ____.
proactively using identified positive behavioral supports with clear expectations to support appropriate behavior
This form of assistive technology aids students with ASD complete a task by providing picture-based, auditory, or tactile support.
prompting devices
One way to support students with emotional and behavioral disorders within the general education classroom is to _____.
provide highly structured and predictable transitions from one activity to another.
One advantage of norm-referenced tests is that they _____.
provide professional with large amounts of data
Augmentative and alternative communication devices _____ students with ASD.
provides a method of communiction for all students with ASD
In the "one teach, one support" model of cooperative teaching, one teacher delivers instruction while the other teacher does what?
provides additional assistance to struggling students
Finally, _____ is often characterized by speech disturbance, bizarre ideation, delusions, and impaired reality testing.
psychotic behavior
the opening in the iris that has an adjustable diameter to control amounts of light.
pupil
All four limbs are involved
quadriplegia
One way of avoiding a communication breakdown with a student who has physical and health impairments is to _____________.
question your assumptions
Instructional strategies based in applied behavior analysis ____.
range form structured to naturalistic
Stuttering is a fluency disorder mainly characterized by______________.
rapid repetition of consonants and vowels
Mnemonic strategies have been very successful in helping students to _____.
recall facts and relationships
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) guilt
secondary phase
Language assessment with students who have impaired hearing should examine both ____ language skills, including form of language, content of language, and ____. In most cases accurately sampling an individual's language abilities requires using ____ assessment tools.
receptive and expressive use of language several
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Comprehending complex sentences and questions
receptive language
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Following oral directions
receptive language
Common characteristics of of children with language impairment are listed below. Review each and indicate whether the impairment is a receptive or an expressive language impairment. Select your choice from the drop-down menu in each row. Understanding humor and figurative language
receptive language
William Cruickshank
recognized attention and learning problems in children with acknowledged brain injury but intellectual ability in the normal range.
Speech-language therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy are examples of _____ that can be provided to students with disabilities under IDEA.
related services
Working memory
remembering information for a brief period of time while new information is simultaneously coming in
Hyponasality is a type of ____.
resonance disorder
The general education classroom is often a ___ placement for students with special talents and gifts. As a result, even for Level 1 learners, many schools provide a range of service delivery options, including ____.
restrictive gifted clusters
Each ITP is designed to have specific goals or outcomes defined.
results-oriented
What part of the eye contains photo receptor cells?
retina
location of photoreceptors
retina
Form, content, and use are the basic ____ found in language.
rule systems
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) anger
secondary phase
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) embarrassment
secondary phase
A hearing loss is classified by exactly where the auditory loss takes place. For instance, a ____ hearing loss is caused by inner ear disorders, specifically in either the cochlea or the auditory nerve or both. This type of hearing loss results in distortions that make sounds, especially speech, less clear.
sensorineural
Theo receives special education services under the label of emotional disturbance. He receives services in a separate school for students with disabilities for more than 50 percent of the school day. Which service delivery option does Theo receive?
separate school
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Adjust the room's lighting
setting
The diversity in U.S. schools today is best reflected by a population composed of different groups of people that __________.
share characteristics unique to their culture
This type of vocational arrangement is not being utilized as often due to its lack of natural supports and limited job skills training.
sheltered workshop
Individuals with intellectual disability demonstrate difficulties with memory. When provided a task that consists of several steps, these individuals are likely to forget some of the steps; this is an example of difficulties with _______. This population also has difficulty processing information while doing other tasks, which is a sign of difficulty in ________. Furthermore, when teaching students with intellectual disabilities new skills, it is important that you intentionally plan for _____ because it is not guaranteed that the skill will transfer to novel situations.
short-term memory working memory generalization
In people with conductive hearing loss, the ability to perceive auditory signals ________.
significantly improves with sound volume
When students who are deaf use cochlear implants, classroom instruction will be _____ to the strategies and accommodations used with children with mild to moderate hearing loss.
similar
The classification or type of hearing loss refers primarily to the _________ of disorder in the auditory system.
site
The Braille system is composed of signs formed by the use of all possible combinations of ____ dots, numbered and arranged.
six
In addition to reducing the effects of hearing loss on speech, language, reading, and writing skills, early intervention with prelingual deaf children may reduce the effects of the impairment in other areas such as cognitive/____________ development.
social
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders tend to exhibit marked impairment in this skill. This difficulty is most obvious in _____.
social situations
Inattention is the primary deficit for _____ students with ADHD.
some
An individual who stutters is more likely to produce disfluencies in what type of setting?
speaking with the principal at school
using words to form grammatically correct phrases and sentences
syntax
Educators use the functional vision assessment to enhance the learning potential of students through the early implementation of __________.
targeted instruction plans
A social script or story is a therapy tool used to ___________.
teach and practice the appropriate language used in various social situations
_____ are the equipment and devices used, such as computers, smart phones, and tablets.
technology productivity tools
Types of reactions to having a child with a disability are listed below. Indicate which phase each typically occurs during. (Primary/ Secondary/ Tertiary) bargaining
tertiary phase
If a student has difficulty with the accuracy and/or fluency with which he or she enters information into a computer a device or program ____________ can be used.
that increases text entry efficiency
In some fashion, all of the following legislation support the provision of services to Ross and all other students with disabilities. Which of these, though, is considered civil rights legislation?
the Americans with Disabilities Act (PL 101-336)
Theory of mind refers to __________.
the ability to understand that others have their own perspectives that might be different than our own.
Incidence
the number of new instances of a disability occurring within a given time frame (usually a year).
A diagnosis of legal blindness is based on the results of a screening procedure that involves __________.
the use of a Snellen Chart to assess visual acuity
One of the most crucial aspects to include in the assessment of a student who may be at risk for EBD is _________.
the use of multi-method, multi-source approach
____ refers to the ability of an individual to understand that everyone has unique points of views and/or perspectives.
theory of mind
According to some educators, teaching academic content with learning disabled students is ineffective mainly because ______________.
they lack strategies for processing and remembering information
Preschoolers with speech and language impairments thrive in general education classrooms because _______________.
they need daily interaction with peer models
Students with hearing impairments have IQs similar to their typical peers; however, their delays in educational achievement average ________________ below their age-appropriate grade levels.
three to four years
Children with EBD often struggle with their emotions and behavior ______.
throughout much of their lives
Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is similar to RTI in that it _____.
tightly links assessment and instruction
Determine the accommodation type represented by each example. Allowing the student to have two additional hours to complete the assessment
timing and scheduling
Assistive technology for students with ASD ranges from high to low-tech devices. Mobile technologies, such as an iPad, are increasingly being used to support students with ASD. One application of the iPad as an assistive technology device is ______.
to have the student view video models to prepare for an upcoming transition
What is the main goal of AAC devices?
to help compensate the impairment and disability of individuals with severe expressive language disorder
Hypernasality is characterized by ___ air passing through the ____ during production of sounds, giving the speaker a distinctive twang. It is often a result of a cleft palate.
too much nasal cavitites
IEP teams should consider assistive technology ___________ an IEP meeting.
toward the end of
An approach in which related service professional teach their skills to each other is referred to as a _____
trans-disciplinary approach
Team members from different disciplines perform their evaluations independently, but a peer (team leader) is identified as the primary interventionist to implement the recommendations. The goal is to avoid compartmentalization and fragmentation of services. This team model attempts to provide a more coordinated and unified approach to assessment and services delivery.
trans-disciplinary teams
Which of the following team models is considered to be most efficient?
trans-disciplinary teams
Using dismissal cues is an example of _____.
transition management
In a supported employment model, a job coach provides training on job-related skills while also assisting with _____.
transportation needs
A resource room is an appropriate least restrictive environment for a child who has a learning disability in reading, is a grade level behind in reading, and performs on grade level in science and math.
true
Parental consent is required for eligibility assessment.
true
True or False? IDEA does not mandate parental consent for referral but does require parental consent for evaluation.
true
True or False? Young children who are deaf typically have less language interaction during play and appear to prefer small groups of two people over larger groups.
true
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. A mentally retarded child
unacceptable
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. Crippled students
unacceptable
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. The disabled
unacceptable
Determine which of the phrases below are acceptable and which are not. Wheelchair users
unacceptable
Asian students are _____ in special education under the disability category of EBD.
underrepresented
Hispanic students are ____ in special education under the disability category of EBD.
underrepresented
Despite federal regulations requiring transition plans starting no later than age 16, individuals with intellectual disabilities are often underemployed or ______. This circumstance may be partially due to _____ of people who believe that individuals with intellectual disabilities do not have the skills required and could not learn the skills required to be successful to holding a job.
unemployed misconceptions
Sheila's teachers collaborated to create materials that allow for Sheila to more actively participate in class activities. This approach is most likely considered to be a(n) _____________ approach to instruction geared toward meeting Sheila's unique needs as a learner.
universal Design
Behavioral and cognitive interventions are different in important ways, but both _____.
use contingent management
Sara is a three-year old with autism spectrum disorder. During free play, she is often off by herself playing with her favorite toys. Her teachers have difficulty diverting her attention from her toys to engaging with her. As a result, in order to increase the learning opportunities for her the teachers need to ______.
use her interests as motivation
One trait shared by most AAC devices is that they ________.
use symbols
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: The assessment/evaluation should be conducted....
using multiple measures over time and contexts.
The 3 learning media options of auditory learning are....
verbal communication environmental sound recorded information
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #4
vibrating the oval window
Trace the path of the sound waves from outside of the body to electric impulses: #2
vibration of the tympanic membrane
Mrs. Shelton's second-grade class is going on a field trip to the zoo in a couple of weeks as a part of their science unit. Paul, a student with ASD, will be going on the trip with his peers. Mrs. Shelton and Mr. Ronald, Paul's special education teacher, have been brainstorming potential options for making the trip more predictable for Paul to avoid his having behavioral meltdowns during it. Mr. Ronald suggested creating a _____ that will prime Paul on what he will see at the zoo and what the expectations will be while they are there. To ensure that Paul understands, Mr. Ronald will also _____.
video model monitor his progress
Students who have deaf-blindness are classified under the category of
vision and hearing impairment
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder have _____ preferences, which should be taken into account when creating a welcoming learning environment.
visual
The sharpness or clarity of vision at a certain distance
visual acuity
Turning the head is required to see objects in the periphery
visual field loss
fluid in posterior cavity
vitreous humor
This disorder is characterized by problems with the quality or use of the voice.
voice
Assessing students who are deaf-blind: Assessments should aim to identify....
what the students can do and what the student still needs to learn
Professionals need to be sensitive to the diverse needs, values, and perceptions of culturally and linguistically diverse families. One way this sensitivity can be achieved is through ________________.
working at understanding the differences in perception and interpretation of disability
Which of the following life situations would an SLP work on improving communication skills for an adolescent or adult include in a treatment plan? Indicate your answer by selecting "Yes" (is) or "No" (is not) from the drop-down menu in each row. asking someone out on a date
yes
Shorthand label: LD
{specific} learning disability
