DMS 212 Test 2
morula
16 cell stage
post-coital test
A clinical test done with 24 hours after intercourse to assess sperm motility in the cervical mucosa
threatened abortion
A patient < 20 weeks LMP presents with a closed cervical os and a distorted gestational sac in a low uterine position. This MOST likely represents a(n):
A - ectopic pregnancy B - slow rising beta levels C - adnexal mass D - no IUP seen
A patient presented to the office with a positive pregnancy test. The above ultrasound image was obtained. Based on this history and findings, what is most likely seen in this image? "A"[A] List three (3) sonographic/clinical findings that would support your answer. That may or may not be "seen" on this image. "B"[B], "C"[C], "D"[D]
complete spontaneous abortion
A patient presents with a positive bHCG for 6 weeks GA and bleeding for an ultrasound, ultrasound findings show an empty uterine cavity with no gestational sac. This MOST likely represents a(n):
inevitable/impending abortion
A patient with a positive pregnancy presents with a dilated cervical os and protruding membranes. This MOST likely represents a(n):
complex mass-like area representing hemorrhage and free fluid
A ruptured tubal pregnancy presents as a :
heterotopic pregnancy
A simultaneous IUP and an ectopic pregnancy
accessory lobe of the placenta
A succenturiate placenta is a(n):
Two or more complete loops of cord around the fetal neck
A true nuchal cord is defined as:
Oligohydramnios
AFI < 2 cm
two arteries and one vein
Absence of an embryo by 7 to 8 weeks gestation is consistent with:
advanced paternal age
All of the following are contributing factors for an ectopic pregnancy except:
molar pregnancy
All of the following would be associated with a lower than normal hCG level except?
blighted ovum
Anembryonic pregnancy
amniotic band
Causes for polyhydramnios include all of the following except:
previous intrauterine device
Causes of female infertility include all of the following except:
low hCG
Compared to a normal IUP, the ectopic pregnancy will have a:
chorion frondosum
Conceptus' contribution to the placenta
12 weeks because the fetus starts to curl into the fetal positon
Crown-rump length measurements are accurate up to how many gestational weeks?
umbilical artery
Deoxygenated fetal blood enters the placenta through the:
1.0 cm
During ovarian induction therapy, follicles are only measured when exceeding:
1-2 mm
During the first trimester, the developing embryo grows approximately _____ every day.
fallopian tube
Essure is a permanent birth control. Where is it inserted?
placenta previa
Placental implantation that encroaches upon or covers the lower uterine segment
compression of the great vessels
The cause of autocaval compression syndrome is:
varicoceles
The main reason for male infertility is:
assisted reproductive technology
technology used to assist the infertility patient to become pregnant
nuchal translucency
A first trimester scan was preformed and the above image was obtained. What measurement is depicted on this image?
central insertion
A normal cord insertion is known as:
polyhydramnios
AFI > 24 cm
normal herniation of the fetal gut
An 11-week-old fetus presents with an outpouching from the anterior abdominal wall into the base of the umbilical card. This is MOST likely to be:
umbilical cord
An allantoic duct cyst is MOST likely to be associated with which of the following intrauterine structures?
Marginal insertion
An eccentric insertion of the umbilical cord into the placenta is termed a:
4
An intrauterine gestational sac may be sonographically detected (endovaginaly) by _______ weeks.
long cord
Associated with nuchal cord
1,500 -2,500 mIU/L
At what level of βhCG concentration should a normal intrauterine pregnancy be seen?
omphalocele
Failure of the bowel, stomach, and liver to return to the abdominal cavity; completely covered by peritoneal-amniotic membrane
24 hours
Fertilization typically occurs within ______ after ovulation?
Missed abortion
Fetal death with retained products of conception for a prolonged period of time
Wharton's Jelly
Gelantenous substance that surrounds the umbilical cord
placenta increta
Growth of chorionic villi deep into the myometrium
placenta percreta
Growth of chorionic villi through the myometrium to serosa
multiple gestation
Higher than normal levels of hCG are seen in which of the following conditions?
ZIFT
Human fertilization technique in which zygotes are injected through a laparoscope into the fimbriated ends of the tube
A - intrauterine pregnancy B - mean sac diameter C - crown rump length D - assisted reproductive technologies E - biparietal diameter
IUP "A"[A] MSD "B"[B] CRL "C"[C] ART "D"[D] BPD "E"[E]
1 - decidua parietalis 2 - decidua capsularis 3 - decidua basalis 4 - uterine cavity
Identify "1"[1], "2"[2], "3"[3], "4"[4]
A - amnion B - embryo C - amniotic cavity D - chorionic cavity E - rump length
Identify the following: "A"[A], "B"[B], "C"[C], "D"[D], What measurement is seen on this image? "E"[E]
A - yolk sac B - chorionic C - provide nutrients
Identify the structure seen within the gestational sac at the white arrow. "A"[A] What cavity is this structure located in? "B"[B] What is one function of this structure? "C"[C]
A - blighted ovum B - anembryonic pregnancy
Image result for blighted ovum A patient presents with a positive pregnancy test. An ultrasound was preformed and the above image was obtained. Based upon the patient history and ultrasound findings what are the two most likely differentials? "A"[A], "B[B].
empty uterus with a decidual reaction
In a patient with a complete spontaneous abortion, the MOST likely finding is a(n):
ampulla
In which of the following areas is fertilization MOST likely to take place?
The inability to conceive a child after 1 year of unprotected intercourse
Infertility is defined as:
Decidua capsularis
Layer that encloses and surrounds the blastocyst
decidua parietalis
Layer that lines the remaining endometrial cavity
A - placenta B - membranes C - embryo
List three things that make up the products of conception "A"[A], "B"[B], "C"[C]
Decidua basalis
Maternal contribution to the placenta
habitual abortion
More than 3 consecutive miscarriages
short cord
One of the problems that may lead to inadequate fetal descent is:
heterotopic pregnancy
Patient presents to the ER with pelvic pain and a positive pregnancy test. Based upon patient history and ultrasound findings - what is most likely seen in this image?
2.0 cm
Placenta previa is ruled out when the placental edge is located a minimum of what distance from the internal os?
cotyledon
Placental lobe
placenta accreta
Placental villi attach to the myometrium
Abnormal finding in late first trimester
Subcutaneous accumulation of fluid behind the fetal neck measuring 3mm in thickness is a(n):
TV, Long
The best way to measure the cervical length of the uterus is:
the first structure to be seen within the gestational sac
The echogenic secondary yolk sac is:
maintain the corpus luteum
The function of the amniotic fluid includes all of the following except:
maintain the corpus luteum in early pregnancy
The function of the hCG is to:
aids in maintaining the corpus luteum
The function of the yolk sac include all of the following except:
chorionic villi
The functioning unit of the placenta
14 and 16 weeks
The fusion of the chorion and amnion occurs between:
3 cm
The gravid cervix should measure at least _____ in length.
1 mm per day
The growth of the gestational sac in normal pregnancy is approximately:
increase at a markedly higher rate than in a normal pregnancy
The hCG levels in gestational trophoblastic disease:
basal body temperature
The morning body temperature taken orally before the patient dose any activity
the ampullary portion of the tube
The most common site of an ectopic pregnancy is:
cornua
The most dangerous site for an ectopic pregnancy is:
the portion of the trophoblast attached to the myometrium, the decidua basalis
The placenta develops from:
capsularis, parietalis, basalis
The pregnant endometrium is composed of the decidua:
rhombencephalon
The sonographic demonstration of a prominent hypoechoic area within the posterior aspect of the early developing fetal brain represents the:
two arteries and one vein
The three vessels found in the umbilical cord are:
amniotic fluid index
The total sum of the measurement of the largest pocket of amniotic fluid in four quadrants is called the:
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
The trophoblast, the outermost layer of cells of the blastocyst surrounding the fluid-filled cavity and inner cell mass, produces which of the following hormones?
zygote
The union of the sperm and ovum produces a single cell called a (an):
hCG
This lab test indicates pregnancy when the values are elevated:
bilobate placenta
Two nearly equal sized placenta portions
exact date of delivery
Ultrasound is able to determine the following except for:
A - SUA B - umbilical vein C - umbilical artery D - kidneys
What anomaly is seen on the above image? "A"[A] What is the larger vessel? "B"[B] What is the smaller vessel? "C"[C] If this anomaly is seen, what other fetal structures should be evaluated? "D"[D]
C - grade II
What grade is the placenta in image image 2? "C"[C]
A - anterior B - grade 0 C - grade II
What is the location of the placenta in image1? "A"[A] What grade is the placenta in image 1? "B"[B],
nuchal cord
What is the most common cord entanglement in the fetus?
blastocyst
What is the stage of the conceptus that implants within the decidualized endometrium?
A - crown rump length B - limbs C - yolk sac D - true E - sac diameter
What measurement is documented in this image? "A"[A] What two structures should not included in this measurement? "B"[B], "C[C] This is the most accurate measurement for dating this gestation? True or False? "D"[D] What other measurement can be used to date this gestation? "E"[E]
A - cervix B - no C - incompetent cervix D - threatened abortion
What overall structure is being measured on this image? "A"[A] Is the measurement normal? yes or no "B"[B] What are 2 possible differentials for this image? "C"[C], "D"[D]
Vasa Previa
What rare type of Velamentous cord insertion is characterized by umbilical vessels crossing the internal cervical os?
6 to 10 weeks
When are ectopic pregnancies usually diagnosed?
8
When the gestational sac exceeds _______mm, a yolk sac should be seen.
complete abortion
When the uterus empties itself of all products of conception, it is referred to as a(an):
CRL
Which measurement is most accurate for dating in the first trimester?
Cornual
Which of the following ectopics will grow to the largest size before becoming symptomatic?
endometritis
Which of the following is an acquired cause of infertility?
Nabothian cyst
Which of the following uterine anomalies is NOT likely to cause infertility?
BPD
With a MSD of 18mm, all of the following are seen except?