Domain 5 - Healthcare Administration

When designing a drug testing program, the organization must determine how subjects will be "randomly selected," as this term can be defined in many ways. Which of the following are methods by which subjects are randomly selected for a drug test? Select all that apply. A. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of scholarship athletes and nonscholarship athletes are eliminated. B. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of players on a team who have the most playing time and contribute the most to the team. C. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of subjects who placed high in individual sport championships. D. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of subjects whose families live in low-income inner city neighborhoods. E. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of players of a particular sport. F. Subjects for testing are selected from the pool of subjects with an overall grade point average that falls below a set point.

A, B, C, E

Athletic trainers in various health-care settings are taking steps to ensure reimbursement for services being provided as certified and licensed athletic trainers. What are the requirements for athletic trainers to be reimbursed by insurance companies for athletic training services? Select all that apply. A. An insurance carrier must recognize athletic training services. B. Patient's treatment program and progress made must be appropriately documented. C. Medical necessity has to be established. D. Treatments must be overseen and signed off on by a licensed physical therapist. E. Facility and provider must be recognized by the insurance company as "capable" of providing services within their plan. F. Patients must obtain physician referral for "athletic training services." G. The correct CPT codes must be used. H. Clinicians must obtain a National Provider Identifier (NPI) number.

A, B, C, E, F, G, H

There are a number of athletic injury surveillance systems available to athletic trainers for providing and gathering injury rate and risk data. When properly interpreted, how can data from these surveillance systems be effectively used by sports health-care professionals? Select all that apply. A. In efforts to modify sport rules to decrease severity or rate of injuries B. To assist parents in understanding sport risk so they can make decisions about their child's sport participation C. To develop sport-specific and injury-specific injury prevention training programs D. To help manufacturers of sports equipment evaluate their products and make effective changes E. To aid insurance companies in knowing the risks of sport participation

A, B, D, E

One month after being hired, your university's new director of athletics asks each program director to submit a program self-evaluation by providing answers to the following two questions: "What are the likely effects if your program ceased to exist?" and "How are student athletes better off because of having access to your program?" What types of evidence can you use to support your conclusions of effectiveness in your answers to these questions? Select all that apply. A. Injury summaries and statistics B. Treatment summaries and statistics C. Equipment purchase orders D. Current student athlete surveys E. Previous/graduated student athlete surveys F. Floor plans of athletic training clinic G. Reports generated from patient files H. Letters of support from coaches I. Letter of support from physician J. Letters of support from university professors

A, B, D, E, G, H, I

Due to the recent growth of your school's athletics program you have been given permission to hire an additional athletic trainer to join your sports medicine program. Before advertising for this new position, you need to create a position/job description. What should be included in this description? Select all that apply. A. Position title B. Necessary skills C. Job benefits D. Experience required E. Required dress code F. Necessary transportation G. Person to whom the position directly reports H. Job tasks I. Required credentials J. Job responsibilities

A, B, D, G, H, I, J

A progress note is a daily note used to update the physician on the progress of the patient and communicate any other needs or concerns regarding the patient. What are some common errors made when writing a patient's progress note? Select all that apply. A. Failure to refer back to the previous month's treatments B. Not including new interventions to be added C. Failure to list each treatment time in minutes D. Not including a list of all therapeutic modalities and therapeutic exercises used E. Not showing objective comparisons reflecting patient's progress or lack of progress F. Failure to include a comment addressing discontinued interventions G. Failure to state changes in frequency of patient visits

A, B, E, F, G

To comply with the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Best Practices Guidelines for Athletic Training Documentation document, each sports medicine program should have in place policies and procedures regarding medical record storage and retention. What should be included in these policies and procedures? Select all that apply. A. System by which all medical records are secured B. Sign-in and sign-out sheet for all persons accessing medical records C. Confidentiality statement signed by all persons with access to medical records D. Name (or title) of person who is the custodian of the medical records E. Notification plan if medical record security is breached F. Statement of how long the medical records are retained

A, C, D, E, F

For athletic trainers who use narrative charting for medical documentation, dictation can reduce the amount of time spent documenting injuries and writing daily treatment notes. Which of the following are strategies can that help improve the effectiveness of medical dictation? Select all that apply. A. Avoid dictating in a noisy room. B. Speak in a normal conversational cadence, and avoid speaking slowly. C. Spell names and medical terms that are infrequently used. D. Organize data and patient information before dictating. E. Avoid stopping and starting your dictation; continue talking and provide instruction on deletions at the end of the dictation. F. If using voice recognition software, be sure to use one that is designed for medical dictation.

A, C, D, F

Despite the increased efforts of health-care professions such as athletic training to support and implement evidence-based medicine, not all practicing clinicians have been willing or able to make this change in their patient care. What are considered acceptable barriers to successful integration of evidence-based practice? Select all that apply. A. Limited access to evidence for some clinicians B. Insufficient time for reading research studies C. Amount and complexity of available research D. Large percentage of athletic trainers who work in clinical settings that do not require using evidence-based techniques E. Extensive history of successful clinical outcomes negating need for research to support clinical decision-making F. Lack of skill in translating published studies into clinical practice G. Limited number of systematic reviews H. Difficulty obtaining full-text versions of some published studies I. Lack of financial incentive from employers

A, C, D, F, G, H

The most common organizational structure in sports medicine settings is a function-oriented organizational system. What are the advantages of employing a functional organizational structure? Select all that apply. A. Allows for specialization B. Promotes sharing of ideas and teamwork C. Requires fewer interpersonal skills D. Quicker response time in large programs E. Fosters development of expertise F. More innovative, allowing for inclusion of different perspectives G. Suited for stable environments

A, C, E, G

What is the benefit of using either the Nagi model or the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework, both of which have emphasis on disablement to guide treatment and documentation? A. Allow treatment to focus on functional limitations and outcomes rather than simply signs and symptoms. B. Provide documentation necessary to meet Medicare requirements. C. Meet guidelines outlined by workers' compensation law. D. Take into consideration environmental and psychological factors that impact treatment outcomes.

A. Allow treatment to focus on functional limitations and outcomes rather than simply signs and symptoms.

Which of the following is considered a third-party ethical dilemma? A. An athlete shares with you that her roommate is engaging in self-injurious behavior B. Discussion of an athlete's condition with a friend who also happens to be an athletic trainer over lunch at a restaurant close to campus C. Allowing a star athlete to return to a game before you feel he or she is functionally ready due to pressure from the coach D. Providing special care and treatments to an athlete whose father is the CEO of a major apparel company to secure free apparel for your staff

A. An athlete shares with you that her roommate is engaging in self-injurious behavior

Two months ago you were hired to replace the athletic trainer at a junior college who had been the sole athletic trainer for almost 30 years. After only a month you realized many aspects of the sports medicine program need to be updated, including the program's policy and procedure manual. No information regarding preparticipation physical examinations (PPEs) was included in the manual, so you are meeting with your team physician to discuss the format for the upcoming PPEs. What is an advantage of requiring athletes to complete an office-based PPE with a physician compared with a station-based examination? A. Better opportunity to discuss sensitive issues B. More efficient C. More cost-effective D. Better communication between coaches, athlete, athletic trainer, and medical team

A. Better opportunity to discuss sensitive issues

What type of study is conducted to compare balance ability of female athletes with functional ankle instability with female athletes with no history of ankle pathology? A. Case-control study B. Prospective cohort study C. Cross-sectional study D. Randomized clinical study

A. Case-control study

An athletic training clinic at a university, a traditionally uncovered entity, decides to follow the privacy guidelines of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in an effort to better protect the privacy of their athletes. To achieve this goal, which of the following is an important HIPAA guideline this clinic needs to follow? A. Designate a privacy officer to ensure HIPAA privacy policies and procedures are being followed. B. Obtain written consent from each athlete before disclosing private health information for the purposes of treatment and billing. C. When requested, provide an athlete his or her medical records immediately and free of charge. D. Require athletes be contacted only through the university-provided e-mail address.

A. Designate a privacy officer to ensure HIPAA privacy policies and procedures are being followed.

According to the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research terminology for disability classification, which of the following is defined as a limitation or inability to perform activities and roles to the levels expected within physical and social contexts, such as walking through a grocery store? A. Disability B. Impairment C. Functional limitation D. Societal limitation E. Pathophysiological limitation

A. Disability

Which type of communication is categorized as the most effective but is more difficult to document and may be negatively influenced by emotions? A. Face-to-face communication B. Telecommunication C. Written communication D. Communication through a third party

A. Face-to-face communication

What test is used to confirm the presence of drugs during a urinalysis if the initial test is positive? A. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) B. Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) C. Liquid chromatography (LC) D. Mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (MS-MS)

A. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

What medical coding system is the official system of assigning codes to diagnoses and procedures common to all hospitals and clinics in the United States? A. ICD-10 B. DD-10 C. CPT D. EDI

A. ICD-10

According to the Inter-Association Task Force for Preventing Sudden Death in Collegiate Conditioning Sessions: Best Practices Recommendations, what recommendations should be provided to coaches and athletic trainers supervising the January conditioning programs of athletes returning from the long holiday break from training? A. Increased work-to-rest ratio is implemented in conditioning workouts. B. Review of medical history should be conducted to identify any possible risks. C. Training programs should be approved by the medical director. D. No adjustments to training programs are necessary, as the break has not been long enough to create any complications.

A. Increased work-to-rest ratio is implemented in conditioning workouts.

What is the advantage of using a database instead of a spreadsheet for maintaining medical records? A. Information can be more easily retrieved. B. Data can be more easily sorted. C. Data can be downloaded into statistical software for analysis and report formation. D. Information can be searched for based on individual fields.

A. Information can be more easily retrieved.

Which of the following methods would allow a sports medicine staff to evaluate the effectiveness of their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rehabilitation protocol over the past 5 years? A. Internal chart audit B. Statistical injury summary C. Client survey D. Critical incident report

A. Internal chart audit

Which of the following types of athletic training regulation at the state level is most restrictive? A. Licensure B. Certification C. Registration D. Exemption

A. Licensure

It is brought to your attention that an athletic trainer at a local high school is dispensing antibiotics and pain medications that the team physician keeps in the school's athletic training facility. If acting in compliance with the Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) Standards of Professional Practice, what action should you take? A. Notify local authorities or local law enforcement agencies. B. Allow the school administrators to notify the professional organizations. C. Report the situation to the BOC as a violation of the Standards of Professional Practice. D. Notify local media sources so the situation can be addressed.

A. Notify local authorities or local law enforcement agencies.

The athletic training clinic at your university has recently hired a physical therapist and an occupational therapist to provide healthcare to student athletes. With the addition of health-care professionals with different credentials, which style of medical documentation should your clinic use to enhance provider communication? A. Problem-oriented B. Charting by exception C. Focus charting D. Narrative charting

A. Problem-oriented

What type of insurance should athletic trainers maintain while practicing in the field? A. Professional liability B. Catastrophic event C. Accident D. Life E. Indemnity

A. Professional liability

According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Code of Ethics, what action should an athletic trainer take if he or she were to become dependent on drugs or other substances? A. Seek substance abuse rehabilitation and notify his or her employer B. Contact the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) and request to be put on inactive status C. Contact the Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) and resign his or her certification D. Continue to practice, as this should not impact patient care

A. Seek substance abuse rehabilitation and notify his or her employer

The sports medicine program where you work conducts an annual inventory of expendable supplies by physically counting all supplies existing in storage closets, cabinets, and travel kits. What commonly available computer software program should your program adopt and network to best maintain real-time inventory data? A. Spreadsheet program B. Table within a word processing program C. Slide presentation program D. Mail-merge program

A. Spreadsheet program

Which of the following variables should be considered when determining whether an HIV-positive athlete should continue competition? A. The nature and intensity of training and potential contribution of stress from athletic competition B. Potential risk of HIV transmission to others and risk of direct tissue trauma C. Nature and intensity of training and the injury exposure rate of the sport D. The athlete's current state of health and his or her family history of autoimmune disease E. Status of HIV infection and ability of the facility to manage blood exposure

A. The nature and intensity of training and potential contribution of stress from athletic competition

A discharge note, which is used when the patient is discharged from rehabilitation, is part of a patient's medical record. Under what circumstances is a discharge note completed and a patient discharged from rehabilitation? A. The patient has reached a plateau in progress despite the utilization of a variety of treatment approaches. B. The patient's individual preset healing time, in days, has been reached. C. The patient has reached his first short-term goal sooner than anticipated. D. The patient's effort falls below 50% for three consecutive rehabilitation sessions regardless of treatment approaches.

A. The patient has reached a plateau in progress despite the utilization of a variety of treatment approaches.

Which of the following best describes what should be included in the plan of care portion of the initial assessment record? A. Total number of treatments required and goals by which progress will be measured B. Number of visits per week and treatment parameters for each therapeutic modality C. Exercises likely to be performed during rehabilitation and methods for encouraging compliance D. Date of expected follow-up visit to physician and modalities to be incorporated into the treatment plan E. Anticipated time required for each visit and ICD-10 code for patient's exact diagnosis

A. Total number of treatments required and goals by which progress will be measured

What question does the assessment portion of an initial evaluation medical record answer? A. Why does this patient require rehabilitation skills and services? B. Does this patient need to be seen by another health-care provider? C. When will the patient be ready to return to full activity or sports participation? D. How did the patient's injury occur? E. What treatments will best benefit the patient?

A. Why does this patient require rehabilitation skills and services?

To effectively assess a patient's rehabilitation program, how frequently should a patient be reevaluated and results of this evaluation recorded in his or her medical records? A. With each visit to the clinician B. After every three visits with the clinician C. After 2 weeks, when short-term goals should be met D. When patient has achieved goals and is ready to be discharged

A. With each visit to the clinician

According to the Inter-Association consensus statement on best practices for sports medicine management for secondary schools and colleges, the team physician has the ultimate responsibility for the care provided by the sports medicine team. For which of the following duties does the team physician have the ultimate responsibility? Select all that apply. A. Developing a chain of command, the team physician at the top B. Coordinating rehabilitation and return to participation C. Ensuring proper documentation and medical record keeping D. Planning and training for emergencies during competition and practices E. Assessing environmental concerns and playing conditions F. Managing on-the-field injuries G. Coordinating preparticipation screenings, examinations, and evaluations

All correct

Third party examples:

Athletic trainer hears through locker room conversations about an athlete who is engaging in potentially harmful high-risk behaviors, athletic trainer sees on social media that team members at her university are selling their university-provided clothing and shoes, which is illegal, high school athletic trainer works with a newly hired certified assistant athletic trainer who has started secretly dating a player on the boy's baseball team.

Primary party examples:

Athletic trainer supervises an athletic training student who commits a breach of confidentiality, athletic trainer asks athlete to sign a jersey for the athletic trainer's nephew to show appreciation for the athletic trainer helping him recover from his injury, athletic trainer delays clearing a previously injured but now healthy starting quarterback for competition because the team is winning with the backup quarterback

In providing athletic training healthcare for participants in long distance events, such as marathons, triathlons, and ultramarathons, it is essential to identify an athlete suffering from hyponatremia compared with one suffering from hypohydration. There are, however, signs and symptoms that are common to both conditions, and a patient can be hypohydrated and hyponatremic at the same time. According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement on Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active, which of the following signs and symptoms are common to both conditions and when present necessitate blood sodium assessment before treatment? Select all that apply. A. Thirst B. Apathy C. Grand mal seizure or coma D. Headache E. Nausea or vomiting F. Acute body weight loss G. Dizziness H. Altered mental status

B, D, E, G

Which of the following information-gathering questions posed to your patient during an initial patient evaluation is most appropriately recorded in the "objective" section of your medical documentation? A. "What medications are you currently taking for this condition, and what medications have you taken since the injury occurred?" B. "On average, how many hours of sleep per night are lost due to the pain you are experiencing?" C. "In addition to pain, what other symptoms are you experiencing?" D. "Explain how the injury occurred, including the direction and speed of the impact."

B. "On average, how many hours of sleep per night are lost due to the pain you are experiencing?"

When not possible to communicate through an electronic medical record (EMR) system, many athletic trainers use e-mail to communicate with patients and individuals involved in the patient's care, such as coaches and academic support personnel. What action should an athletic trainer take when managing patient care using e-mail communication? A. Save all sent e-mails into individual patient folders within the e-mail system. B. Copy and paste the entire e-mail, with the time stamp, into the EMR. C. Include yourself in the e-mail distribution list so a copy of the e-mail can be stored in your inbox. D. Use only computers "hard connected" to the Internet via an ethernet connection.

B. Copy and paste the entire e-mail, with the time stamp, into the EMR.

Which of the following is an impairment measure using the current unit of measurement? A. Muscle strength assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer recorded as 3/5 B. Edema assessed with a volumetric tank recorded in mL C. Range of motion assessed with a goniometer recorded in cm D. Joint mobility assessed with capsular end-feel recorded as a 2

B. Edema assessed with a volumetric tank recorded in mL

For an athletic trainer transitioning from pencil-and-paper medical documentation to an electronic medical record (EMR), what might be seen as a limitation of the EMR? A. Inability to document patient referral recommendations B. Inability to describe the patient's case in as much detail as preferred C. Inability to document individually created treatment protocols D. Inability to create both initial and daily reports

B. Inability to describe the patient's case in as much detail as preferred

Medical records serve as a source of sports injury data. When discussing and comparing sports injury data it is important to use standard terminology. What term is used to describe the number of acute ankle sprains sustained by members of the school's varsity volleyball team during the 2017-2018 season? A. Exposure rate B. Incidence rate C. Prevalence D. Frequency

B. Incidence rate

In the months between the fall and spring football season, while conducting a review of the medical records of the members of your school's football team you note a player sustained his second concussion of the season during the final postseason game. The medical documentation indicates appropriate follow-up care was provided before the player left campus for the holiday break. According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement on Management of Sport Concussions, what should you communicate to this player before the start of the spring season? A. Research suggests that persons with a history of two or more concussions in a football season must be disqualified from participation in contact sports. B. Research suggests that the relationship among concussions, subconcussive impacts, and long-term brain health is not clear. C. Research has demonstrated a strong link between number of concussions and declines in neurocognitive functioning, brain function, and motor control. D. Research has shown a link between sustaining two concussions in a season and the likelihood of being diagnosed with depression.

B. Research suggests that the relationship among concussions, subconcussive impacts, and long-term brain health is not clear.

An athletic training facility has implemented narrative charting through the use of dictating into voice recognition software. If using this method, what steps must be taken before adding the record to the patient chart? A. Copies must be made to store in the paper chart as well as the electronic chart. B. The record must be reviewed for accuracy and initialed by the athletic trainer who completed the treatment. C. All electronic records must be archived and maintained for eternity. D. Documentation should be reviewed by the patient and initialed to meet Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requirements.

B. The record must be reviewed for accuracy and initialed by the athletic trainer who completed the treatment.

A recently certified athletic trainer is hired in the early summer by an outpatient sports medicine clinic to provide care for student athletes at a local junior college where football preseason begins the first week of August. On a hot and humid afternoon on the seventh day of preseason, when an athlete presents with symptoms consistent with heat illness, the athletic trainer fails to assess and treat the athlete in accordance with the profession's standard of care. Knowing the prognosis for the ill athlete is poor and he failed to provide proper medical care, the athletic trainer falsifies all medical documentation related to the incident. By which clause can the athletic trainer's employer, the sports medicine clinic, be held liable for the athletic trainer's actions? A. Contributory negligence B. Vicarious liability C. Governmental immunity D. Assumption of risk

B. Vicarious liability

According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Best Practice Guidelines for Athletic Training Documentation, athletic trainers should document any patient encounter. What defines a patient encounter? A. When an athlete is practicing and an athletic trainer is observing B. When an athlete e-mails an athletic trainer to say he has a cough and asks what over-the-counter medication he should purchase at the local drug store C. When an athlete stops by the athletic trainer's office to say he will not be at the team's strength training session today because he has to take a make-up test D. When an athletic trainer delivers a 45-minute talk to members of a basketball team on steps they can take to minimize their risk of acquiring a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection

B. When an athlete e-mails an athletic trainer to say he has a cough and asks what over-the-counter medication he should purchase at the local drug store

What does AOASM stand for? A. American Orthopedic Academy of Sports Medicine B. Association of Organization and Administration in Sports Medicine C. American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine D. Academy for Orthopedic Assistance in Sports Medicine E. Alliance for Outreach and Advancement of Sports Medicine

C. American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine

In what part of a patient's initial evaluation medical documentation should the statement "Patient's prognosis is excellent, unless a meniscus tear is detected with imaging studies" be recorded? A. Objective B. Subjective C. Assessment D. Plan of care

C. Assessment

You are working as an athletic trainer in an outpatient physical therapy clinic. Following patient treatment, you must identify which procedures were completed for insurance billing purposes. Which coding system is used to identify these procedures? A. ICD-9 B. DD-10 C. CPT D. EDI

C. CPT

You are organizing a station-based preparticipation examination before the start of the academic year. The first station in the examination will be the review of individuals' medical history. Which member of your health-care team is best qualified to conduct this review? A. Athletic training student B. Team manager C. Certified athletic trainer D. Emergency medical technician E. Physical therapist

C. Certified athletic trainer

You have been subpoenaed to provide testimony regarding a previous student athlete's medical condition. Which of the following guidelines should you observe to safeguard your credibility? A. Avoid memorizing the testimony, and never refer to medical records while on the stand. B. Avoid testifying beyond the boundaries of your experience and, if unsure, making an educated guess. C. Discuss your testimony with an attorney before giving it in the courtroom, and never guess. D. Testify only on issues about which you are an expert, and speak on behalf of the athlete's best interests. E. Be truthful when testifying about the athlete's feelings, and avoid overpreparing for your testimony because it will appear rehearsed.

C. Discuss your testimony with an attorney before giving it in the courtroom, and never guess.

Before filing a claim with the institution's secondary excess coverage insurance company, what information should first be received from the primary insurance carrier? A. CMS 1500 form indicating charges filed by the provider B. UB-40 form indicating the diagnostic and procedural codes C. EOB indicating the portion of the charges covered by the primary insurance company D. EDI form indicating permission to file charges electronically

C. EOB indicating the portion of the charges covered by the primary insurance company

Which type of injury data collection and analysis method has the greatest potential to provide the most useful information on the incidence of sports injuries? A. Case study approach B. Outcome studies approach C. Epidemiological approach D. Cohort approach

C. Epidemiological approach

While viewing your social media accounts you see a photo of an athlete receiving medical care in the athletic training clinic where you work. The photo, posted by the athlete's teammate, clearly shows the athlete and her injury along with the caption "It's just a first-degree sprain." As the team's athletic trainer, what should you document in the patient's medical records? A. Screenshot of the social media posting and explanation of the treatment being provided to the patient B. Screenshot of the social media posting along with your posted replies explaining why the injury was diagnosed as a first-degree sprain. C. Explanation of the social media posting and a summary of the discussion you had with the teammate regarding taking down or deleting the photo and post D. Explanation of the social media posting and a copy of the e-mail you sent to all members of the team reminding them not to take photos in the athletic training clinic

C. Explanation of the social media posting and a summary of the discussion you had with the teammate regarding taking down or deleting the photo and post

An athletic trainer documents the following in a daily treatment note: "10/9/2019. Treatment lasted approximately 35 minutes. Patient reports decreased pain and swelling since last visit. Knee AROM: 0-135, MMT: Quad 5/5, Hamstrings 4+/5; US 100% 3.0 MHz 1.5 w/cm2 × 8 min f/b CKC TKE 3 × 15 × BW, 4 way SLR 3 × 15 × 2#, Mini-squats 2 × 20. Patient has reached full AROM goal. Patient iced following treatment and left in a happy mood. Anna, ATC." Which of the common errors in documenting daily treatment notes is evident in this documentation? A. Failure to list the treatment time in minutes B. Failure to document all treatment modalities and procedures used C. Failure to include the visit number D. Failure to reassess objective data and goals E. Failure to sign and date all injuries

C. Failure to include the visit number

The content of preparticipation sports physical examinations is directed by medical history and examination documentation required by an athletic-associated governing body. When reviewing obtained preparticipation medical documentation, in which area of the examination can the athletic trainer expect to identify the majority of abnormal findings? A. Vision examination B. General medical examination C. Musculoskeletal examination D. Medical history

C. Musculoskeletal examination

The athletics booster club for the high school where you provide athletic training services has asked you to speak at their next meeting in response to a group of parents who are concerned about the number of concussions sustained by soccer players last season. Before the meeting you review the injury data for last season's boys' and girls' soccer teams and generate a report along with graphs depicting the incidence of concussions. What database information should you use to demonstrate how the rate of concussions experienced by the soccer players at your school compares with national rates? A. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System B. National Electronic Injury Surveillance System C. National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research D. National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study

C. National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research

One of your responsibilities as the director of sports medicine is to review the medical documentation of your recently employed certified athletic trainers. Which of the following is a commonly occurring error when writing patient goals? A. Only one measurable outcome B. Using specific measures instead of more easily interpreted nondescript words (good, better, proper) C. No relationship between stated impairments and functional limitations D. Defining activity by what is being done (running, stair climbing, weight lifting) instead of general types of activities (exercise class)

C. No relationship between stated impairments and functional limitations

An athletic trainer has recently relocated to a state that does not have specific state credentialing rules or a state practice act. What document should the athletic trainer consult to maintain compliance with appropriate practice in the state? A. Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) Standards of Professional Practice B. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Code of Ethics C. State Medical Practice Act D. BOC Certification Guidelines

C. State Medical Practice Act

A member of your soccer team carries the sickle cell trait. What equipment should be on the sideline while this athlete is practicing to best manage a potential exertional sickling episode? A. Isotonic electrolyte beverages B. Liquid glucose C. Supplemental oxygen D. Ice immersion tub E. Rescue inhaler

C. Supplemental oxygen

Two days ago you started a new job at an outpatient chronic pain rehabilitation center. While receiving training on the medical documentation used by this center, you learn that the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) system is used. When viewing the first patient's medical records you are shown the following documentation: d4500.2189. How should you interpret this documentation? A. The first number following the "." is the rating of the patient's capacity to complete the activity with assistance. B. The "d" is the domain code of environmental factors. C. The four numbers following the letter on the left side of the "." indicate the item code, such as "walking short distances." D. The four numbers following the "." are the ICD-10 code for the patient's condition.

C. The four numbers following the letter on the left side of the "." indicate the item code, such as "walking short distances."

The state practice act of the state in which you are employed as an athletic trainer specifically addresses medical documentation guidelines. In what way does this influence the medical documentation you are using at your employment setting? A. The state's guidelines should be considered helpful suggestions for creating or revising your medical documentation. B. The state's guidelines are considered the goal for creating new medical documentation. C. The state's guidelines are the standard of care and the legal expectation for your medical documentation. D. The state's guidelines specify the only medical documentation permitted.

C. The state's guidelines are the standard of care and the legal expectation for your medical documentation.

Athletic trainers are increasingly using portable electronic devices, such as iPads, tablets, and smartphones, to assist with medical documentation and to access medical records. Whereas these devices may decrease time spent documenting, allowing for more time for patient care, maintaining confidentiality can be a challenge. What action should be taken when using electronic portable devices to safeguard patient information? A. Use the same password to unlock the device as the owner has for e-mail and accessing network accounts to maintain consistency. B. Use only devices enabled with image identification so only the device owner can access the device and the software programs within. C. Use a two-lock system whereby one password is used to access the device and a second, different, password is used to enter the software program. D. Use only devices and software programs that provide for backup to an external hard drive and adhere to a routine backup procedure.

C. Use a two-lock system whereby one password is used to access the device and a second, different, password is used to enter the software program.

. What type of analysis is considered a comprehensive tool to be used in the strategic planning and program review process for an existing athletic training program? A. HCFA analysis B. Strengths/weaknesses analysis C. WOTS-UP analysis D. Samson analysis E. Forecast analysis

C. WOTS-UP analysis

Team physicians and certified athletic trainers should rely on the most current research and professional association position statements and practice standards when creating medical history questions for preparticipation physical examinations (PPEs). According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) position statement on PPEs and disqualifying conditions, which of the following specific questions associated with risk for cardiovascular disease should be included in the medical history? A. Are you aware of any members of your family who have been diagnosed with a heart murmur? B. Do you ever experience an increased rate of breathing when exercising at a high intensity? C. When exercising have you experienced chest pain or discomfort? D. Have you ever been told your heart rate increases when exercising?

C. When exercising have you experienced chest pain or discomfort?

As part of his treatment visit, your patient was administered a 30-minute compression pump treatment. Which of the following accurately represents how this treatment should be documented using CPT codes? A. 97140 (therapeutic modality)—1 unit B. 97016 (compression pump)—1 unit C. 97140 (manual therapy)—2 units D. 97016 (compression pump)—2 units

D. 97016 (compression pump)—2 units

Based on the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and American Diabetes Association joint position stand on exercise and type 2 diabetes, which of the following types of exercise may be most effective in controlling blood glucose levels? A. Aerobic exercise B. Resistance exercise C. Mild whole-body combination exercise, such as yoga or tai chi D. Aerobic exercise and resistance exercise combined

D. Aerobic exercise and resistance exercise combined

An athlete returns from the physician's office with orders to obtain an EEG. How would you explain this test to the athlete? A. An electrocardiogram records the electrical activity in the heart. B. An electromyogram measures the electrical activity in a muscle. C. An echocardiogram visualizes the cardiac valves and chambers of the heart. D. An electroencephalogram detects abnormalities in brain wave patterns.

D. An electroencephalogram detects abnormalities in brain wave patterns.

To minimize errors and miscommunications in medical documentation, what should a sports medicine program include in its policy and procedure manual? A. Contact information of all sports medicine program staff members B. A chain-of-command flow chart C. List of therapeutic modalities and rehabilitation equipment maintained at each clinic D. Approved list of medical abbreviations and acronyms

D. Approved list of medical abbreviations and acronyms

Which professional entity produces and enforces the Standards of Professional Practice that certified athletic trainers are expected to meet? A. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) B. Individual State Practice Acts C. American Medical Association-Allied Health Professional Council D. Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC)

D. Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC)

What medical term is used to document the patient is demonstrating less than 12 breaths/min during rest? A. Bradycardia B. Tachypnea C. Hypopnea D. Bradypnea E. Apnea

D. Bradypnea

Which of the following is considered an advantage of using an electronic medical record (EMR) system to manage patient records? A. Provides clinicians with evaluated and rated treatment options for patient diagnosis B. Permits clinicians to contact patients via e-mail, text messages, and social media C. Prevents overprescribing of addictive pain medications D. Enables quick access to complete patient medical records to more effectively diagnose patients

D. Enables quick access to complete patient medical records to more effectively diagnose patients

What is the most commonly employed organizational chart in sports medicine settings? A. Service-oriented B. Matrix C. Staff-centered D. Function-oriented E. Formalistic

D. Function-oriented

Which health-care providers are excluded from, but may choose to comply with, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations? A. Health-care providers who do not treat workers compensation patients B. Health-care providers who do not treat Medicare patients C. Health-care providers who earned professional credentials or degrees before 2003 D. Health-care providers who do not electronically bill for services

D. Health-care providers who do not electronically bill for services

An athletic trainer has recently relocated to a state that has state certification. What will the athletic trainer need to do before he can practice in the state? A. Register with the state. B. Meet the minimum requirements outlined by the state licensing board. C. Apply for exemption status. D. Pass the state sanctioned examination or provide proof of Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) currency as indicated by the state practice act.

D. Pass the state sanctioned examination or provide proof of Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) currency as indicated by the state practice act.

For a patient with workers' compensation reimbursement, what should be included in at least one of the final goals of treatment? A. A list of job responsibilities for which 50% must be met B. Full pain-free range of motion for all activities completed involving the affected joint C. Ability to complete all activities of daily living D. Specific workplace task that will allow the patient to return to work with minimal or no work restrictions E. Ability to be medication-free for a minimum of 90 days before discharge

D. Specific workplace task that will allow the patient to return to work with minimal or no work restrictions

Which of the following correctly describes the concept of professional ethos? A. Deliberation about specific cases during clinical practice B. Setting ethical expectations early in the work or educational process C. The process by which new members of a profession become integrated into the profession D. The characteristics of a profession that incorporate its values, beliefs and norms

D. The characteristics of a profession that incorporate its values, beliefs and norms

When practicing evidence-based medicine, a clinician's expertise and experiences are important. The other important factor is the information provided in published research. Several databases are available to assist clinicians in identifying research related to their clinical questions. What search engine uses a strength of evidence sorting process to organize results so that stronger, more relevant, and more recent sources are presented nearer the top of the search results? A. Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) B. PubMed C. Cochrane Library D. Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP)

D. Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP)

Policy examples:

Distribution of medicine, list of medical forms to be given to student athlete seeking a second opinion, medical records archiving

Which type of budget allocates money for the daily functions of a program? A. Capital B. Flex C. Line-item D. Zero-based E. Operating

E. Operating

Your athletic training facility has expanded to include an off-campus athletic training room at your outdoor sport fields. How might you best share medical records with staff at both facilities to avoid duplicating records? A. Use a computer-driven fax system. B. Use a commonly networked printer housed at your main facility to receive hard copies of all medical documentation. C. Use e-mail to transfer medical records between facilities. D. Use a local courier service twice a day to transport hard copies of medical records. E. Use a network or Web-based computerized medical record system.

E. Use a network or Web-based computerized medical record system.

What budget? - Projection of expenditures and program income is required on a month-by-month basis to determine total program costs for the fiscal year. - Model is useful for determining the likely cash flow at various times throughout the year.

Fixed budget

Process examples:

Injury recognition, organization and administration, education and counseling

What budget? - Funds dedicated to one category are not permitted to be used for another. - The athletic trainer lists anticipated expenditures in specific categories, so model is easy to prepare and understand.

Line-item budget

What budget? - Athletic trainer is provided a fixed sum of money and the authority to spend it as desired. - An administrator must hold an athletic trainer accountable for all spending after the money has been spent.

Lump-sum budget

What budget? - Mini-budgets are developed for each program activity. - The functions of the sports medicine program are delineated into discrete activities with funds allocated to each activity as needed to accomplish the activity.

Performance-based budget

Components of a mission statement:

Philosophy of the program, Goals of the program, Technology to be used in delivering services, Code of behavior of program personnel

Procedure examples:

Screening athletes for contraindications, list of medical forms to be given to student athlete seeking a second opinion, method of scheduling an appointment for general medical clinic

Components of a vision statement:

Service providers name, quality declaration, identification of target clients

What budget? - When a monthly revenue is lower than anticipated, expenditures must be reduced for that month. - Expenditure for any given time period must be adjusted according to revenues for the same period.

Variable budget

What kind of budget? - Every expense must be justified without reference to previous spending patterns - Can be excellent tool for developing program priorities.

Zero-based budget

A clinic director would like to collect feedback from patients regarding their satisfaction with services provided and suggestions for improvement. Which method of data collection will allow for the highest level of patient anonymity and ease of data analysis? A. Web-based surveys B. Written questionnaires C. Telephone survey D. Focus groups

A. Web-based surveys

Based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement on Management of Sport Concussion, which of the following athletes should undergo a baseline concussion evaluation annually? A. Adolescent athletes B. Any athlete with a history of concussion more than 1 year ago C. An athlete with a history of more than three concussions D. Athletes older than 25 years of age

A. Adolescent athletes

Which type of organizational culture is characterized by a focus on teamwork, building consensus, and decision-making by all members of the staff? A. Collegial culture B. Personalistic culture C. Formalistic culture D. Focus-oriented culture

A. Collegial culture

What risk management areas should be developed with guidelines before the start of a season? A. Emergency action plan, exposure control plan, and environmental hazards plan B. Treatment procedures, general policies, and emergency medical service protocols C. Pregnant athlete policy, employee infectious disease plan, and physician referral protocol D. Surgical observation guidelines, phone contact list, and method of recording medication administration E. Forms to communicate with strength and conditioning personnel, scheduling policies, and dress code

A. Emergency action plan, exposure control plan, and environmental hazards plan

You have just implemented your budget for the upcoming year. What is the next step in the budgeting process? A. Evaluate the effectiveness of the budget by determining what is and is not working in the budget process. B. Plan the budget based on the goals and objectives of your program. C. Gather data and analyze feedback from staff and other participants. D. Present the budget in a clear and concise manner to appropriate administrators. E. Build consensus on the proposed budget and provide possible alternatives to budget decisions.

A. Evaluate the effectiveness of the budget by determining what is and is not working in the budget process.

In the first 3 months as a graduate assistant, a newly certified athletic trainer received daily specific instructions from the head athletic trainer about the tasks to be completed as the head athletic trainer observed the graduate assistant's performance. At the start of his second year as a graduate assistant, the athletic trainer routinely independently and proficiently completes all of his tasks and responsibilities with little, if any, input from the head athletic trainer. From, and to, which situational leadership model did the head athletic trainer progress? A. From directing to delegating B. From coaching to supporting C. From supporting to delegating D. From directing to supporting

A. From directing to delegating

A university is in the design phase of a new athletics facility that will include a new sports medicine facility. Which of the following pieces of data would assist the design team in determining the size and layout needs for the new facility? A. Hourly client and services log B. Relationship chart C. Bubble diagram D. Schematic drawing

A. Hourly client and services log

Which document describes the rules associated with acceptable behavior for athletic training professionals? A. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Code of Ethics B. Institutional policies and procedures C. Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) Practice Analysis D. Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) educational competencies

A. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Code of Ethics

As the director of sports medicine for a small college, you are responsible for assigning your two certified athletic trainers to cover team practices. If there are four practices occurring simultaneously on unconnected fields, on which document should you rely when determining staff placement? A. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System B. National Safety Council Recommendation for Athlete to Healthcare Provider Ratio C. National Electronic Injury Surveillance System D. Annual Survey of Football Injury Research E. American College of Sports Medicine Injury Incidence Report

A. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System

Which type of assessment would allow the coordinator of a sports medicine program to examine the major elements of the program and evaluate its effectiveness? A. Program self-study B. External evaluation C. Intermediary evaluation D. Critical topic appraisal

A. Program self-study

Propriety standards are used during an employee's performance evaluation to ensure that the process is legal and fair. Which of the following is an example of a conflict of interest? A. Sam and Tom were very close friends and colleagues before Sam was promoted to a supervisory position and now supervises Tom. B. Kelly provides only criticisms rather than strategies for improvement on Bob's evaluation. C. Nathan observes and evaluates Tina's performance in July and meets with her to discuss it in January. D. Susan implemented a new evaluation technique that involves her shadowing Samantha for an entire work week, asking questions during all portions of Samantha's work day.

A. Sam and Tom were very close friends and colleagues before Sam was promoted to a supervisory position and now supervises Tom.

Development of a vision statement is the first step in planning and developing a new sports medicine program. Which of the following is an element of a vision statement? A. Services to be offered by program B. Short-term and long-term goals of the program C. Philosophy of the program D. Technology to be used in providing services

A. Services to be offered by program

Your athletic director is investigating options for medical insurance for student athletes and is considering self-insurance. Which of the following is an advantage of self-insurance? A. Simplified claims processing B. Large claim risk C. Ability to predetermine exact insurance costs for the year D. Institutional funds are committed before request E. No catastrophic coverage is needed

A. Simplified claims processing

You are working at a hospital-based sports medicine clinic. Which of the following organizations would be most likely to visit your clinic during an on-site accreditation visit? A. The Joint Commission B. American Medical Association C. Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities D. Occupational Safety and Health Administration E. Commission on Accreditation and Healthcare Safety

A. The Joint Commission

When obtaining informed consent before rendering treatment, which of the following must exist for consent to be considered valid? A. The patient must consent voluntarily and be a competent adult. B. The patient must be at least 16 years old. C. The patient must understand and be able to clearly articulate the benefits and risks of the proposed treatment. D. The patient must be conscious and in full control of his or her faculties.

A. The patient must consent voluntarily and be a competent adult.

During a routine blood test, one of your athletes tests positive for hepatitis A virus. What actions must be taken by the physician who ordered the blood test? A. The physician must report the athlete's condition to state agencies. B. The physician must require the athlete to notify all recent sexual partners. C. The physician must notify anyone providing healthcare to the athlete about potential exposure. D. The physician must keep this information confidential. E. The physician must notify the athlete's parent or guardian of the recent diagnosis.

A. The physician must report the athlete's condition to state agencies.

You are traveling with the basketball team to an away match. You stop by the athletic training facility to meet the host athletic trainer and to introduce yourself. Why is it important to take time to converse with the host athletic trainer? A. To make a professional networking connection B. To demonstrate your knowledge and skills C. To instill the head athletic trainer's confidence in your ability to manage the team D. To avoid being rude E. To make practice time pass more quickly

A. To make a professional networking connection

How might an athletic trainer apply information gained through review of an epidemiological study to inform clinical practice? A. Understanding injury trends can inform decisions regarding injury prevention strategies. B. Understanding patient-oriented outcomes can improve third-party reimbursement models. C. Understanding patient expectations and experiences can foster positive changes in services provided. D. Understanding health-care informatics can drive decisions related to more efficient and effective delivery of services.

A. Understanding injury trends can inform decisions regarding injury prevention strategies.

Which type of program evaluation involves identifying possible problems, discussing areas of strengths and weaknesses, and evaluating progress toward meeting the objectives of the program? A. Summative evaluation B. Formative evaluation C. Criteria-oriented evaluation D. Outcome assessment evaluation

B. Informative evaluation

A new athletic director has been hired by your university, and in an effort to reduce cost and encourage fiscal responsibility all unit heads are being asked to provide a budget for their department that includes justification for and alternative funding sources for each expense. What type of budgeting model is the athletic director implementing? A. Zero-based budget B. Fixed budget C. Variable budget D. Performance budget

A. Zero-based budget

An athletic trainer is counseling an older athlete who has recently been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The osteoarthritis appears to have resulted from several previous knee injuries, including an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and medial meniscectomy. How would you characterize this injury? A. A syndrome B. A sequela C. A prognosis D. An etiology

B. A sequela

Which of the following groups illustrates a vertical liaison role for an athletic trainer? A. Athletic trainer with coaches and parents B. Athletic trainer with athletic directors and graduate assistants C. Athletic trainer with other health-care professionals and athletic trainers from other institutions D. Athletic trainer with physical therapists and human resources personnel

B. Athletic trainer with athletic directors and graduate assistants

You are creating an advertisement for an open staff athletic trainer position at your facility. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate to include as part of the job specification? A. Seeking male applicants; minorities are encouraged to apply B. Bachelor's degree and BOC certification required C. Coordinates and delivers athletic training services to members of the baseball team D. Benefits include state health plan, optional vision coverage, and choice of standard or flexible retirement plan E. Conducts research and prepares annual departmental injury data

B. Bachelor's degree and BOC certification required

An athletic trainer has been tasked with developing an outreach program for a hospital system. During the strategic planning process, the athletic trainer shares the plan for the outreach program with several internal stakeholders. The chair of the Department of Orthopedics was an enthusiastic and vocal supporter of the program, but when he is asked to provide physicians to staff the Saturday morning free clinic he is unwilling to garner support or participation from his staff unless they are compensated for their time. How might you characterize this stakeholder? A. Ally B. Bedfellow C. Adversary D. Opponent

B. Bedfellow

A high school tennis player sends her athletic trainer a text message on Saturday morning to update her on how her wrist is feeling following an injury the previous evening during a tennis match. How should the athletic trainer respond to the text message? A. Ask clear, pointed questions to clarify her status, as text messages can sometimes be misinterpreted. B. Call the athlete to discuss her condition, as text messages are not considered to be a secure form of communication. C. Complete the text conversation and then take screenshots of the conversation to add to the athlete's medical record. D. Respond by telling the athlete that all conversations must occur in person and schedule an appointment for Monday morning.

B. Call the athlete to discuss her condition, as text messages are not considered to be a secure form of communication.

Which means of inventory management will provide the most efficient means of tracking and managing supplies, especially in an organization that has multiple facilities? A. Weekly inventory of all expendable supplies B. Centralized storage with regular distribution to satellite locations C. Large distributions to satellite locations once or twice annually with each location managing control of its own supplies D. Readily available supplies that can be procured by any staff member as needed

B. Centralized storage with regular distribution to satellite locations

What role should computerized neurocognitive testing play in the assessment of concussions? A. Computerized neurocognitive testing is the gold standard of concussion testing and has been shown to be the most reliable independent evaluation tool. B. Computerized neurocognitive testing should not be used in isolation but should be combined with symptom and motor control assessment to be valid and reliable. C. Computerized neurocognitive testing can be used as the definitive assessment tool if repeated daily to negate the practice effects. D. Computerized neurocognitive testing is extremely efficient at providing a clinical diagnosis because test results are automated and provide an immediate diagnostic decision.

B. Computerized neurocognitive testing should not be used in isolation but should be combined with symptom and motor control assessment to be valid and reliable.

Based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement on Preventing and Managing Sports-Related Dental and Oral Injuries, what type of assessment should be conducted in conjunction with any orofacial evaluation? A. Shock B. Concussion C. Vision D. Airway

B. Concussion

A sports medicine clinic is coordinating a conference to teach local high school coaches the basics of recognizing potential causes of and strategies for preventing sudden death. What should the conference organizers consider providing to all participants to enhance participant learning? A. Workshop evaluation B. Conference proceedings C. Opportunities for interactions with other attendees D. Follow-up survey 6 months after the conference to assess learning outcomes

B. Conference proceedings

43. Which legal provisions ensure that blatant racial discrimination does not occur during the hiring process? A. Title IX provisions for equal employment encourage this practice. B. Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action guidelines protect against discrimination during hiring. C. Americans With Disabilities Act guidelines prohibit discrimination of persons on the basis of race and gender. D. Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidelines provide private institutions with autonomy in hiring minorities. E. Institutions receive additional state appropriations when minority candidates fill historically nonminority positions.

B. Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action guidelines protect against discrimination during hiring.

In which of the following situations might leasing a large piece of capital equipment be more advantageous than purchasing the equipment? A. Lower total expense over time B. Equipment relies on technology that may change quickly C. Ownership carries tax-related penalties D. Increased legal liability associated with ownership

B. Equipment relies on technology that may change quickly

To ensure safe operation and minimize the risk of patient injury, to which of the following electrical components must whirlpool motors be directly connected? A. Circuit breaker B. Ground fault interrupter C. Hospital-grade plug D. Fast-blow fuse E. Dedicated circuit

B. Ground fault interrupter

Which of the following risks is elevated for a sports organization that does not have a medical supervisor such as an athletic trainer present at practices and games? A. Catastrophic injury B. Legal liability C. Failure to provide standard of care D. Violation of state practice act

B. Legal liability

Which of the following would be a key consideration for an athletic trainer planning for emergencies while traveling internationally with a team? A. The supervising home physician will still be able to facilitate care due to improved technology. B. Medications and equipment the athletic trainer would typically travel with may not be allowed to pass through security or across country borders. C. Weather-related screening tools are available in both standard and metric units of measurement. D. English is considered the accepted language in medicine, so communication with hospitals and physicians will occur without a significant language barrier.

B. Medications and equipment the athletic trainer would typically travel with may not be allowed to pass through security or across country borders.

An athletic trainer has recently been promoted to a managerial position within the department due to his tenure and outstanding clinical skills. Since being promoted, he has struggled with many of the administrative tasks as well as his interactions with colleagues whom he now supervises. He is considering stepping down from the position. Which business concept principle is demonstrated in this scenario? A. Counterpower B. Phenomenon referred to as the "Peter principle" C. Legitimacy D. Honeymoon effect

B. Phenomenon referred to as the "Peter principle"

According to the American College of Sports Medicine Position Statement on Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults, what factor has been demonstrated to increase life expectancy and age-related biological changes? A. Adequate caloric intake B. Regular physical activity C. Daily multivitamin and mineral supplementation D. Sleeping 8 hours a night E. Participation in faith-based activities

B. Regular physical activity

What measures can you use to help your institution keep insurance premiums to a minimum? A. Establish policies that limit the institution's financial obligation and require physicians to work on a retainer. B. Require student athletes to have primary insurance and conduct an annual risk-assessment audit. C. Require athletes to use only physicians approved by their primary insurance plan and decrease your deductible. D. Require each athlete to pay a modest sum for insurance and require athletes to get three bids for all surgical procedures. E. Encourage medical providers to treat athletes on an "insurance-only" basis, and coaches should budget to pay copays for all off-campus health-care visits.

B. Require student athletes to have primary insurance and conduct an annual risk-assessment audit.

Before administering any type of modality treatment, what action should be taken and documented in the patient chart to protect the athletic trainer in a legal situation? A. Current literature is reviewed with the patient to demonstrate need B. Risks, benefits, possible adverse effects, and warning signs are explained and consent to treat obtained C. Outcomes are explained, assessed, and recorded D. Treatment goals, expected sensations, and treatment efficacy measures are outlined

B. Risks, benefits, possible adverse effects, and warning signs are explained and consent to treat obtained

An employee is complaining of having to work back-to-back weekends and several long days and becomes angry on being scheduled to work an upcoming holiday. Which component of role strain is this employee demonstrating? A. Role conflict B. Role incongruity C. Role ambiguity D. Role overload E. Role incompetence

B. Role incongruity

In which stage of employee burnout would the first symptoms begin to appear? A. First stage: job contentment B. Second stage: job disappointment C. Third stage: job disillusionment D. Fourth stage: job despair E. Fifth stage: work redefined

B. Second stage: job disappointment

When designing a new athletic training facility, what key factors must be communicated to the architect to maximize efficient traffic patterns and minimize potential congestion? A. Types of clients to be served and number of staff B. Subfunctions of each functional area and anticipated space needs of those areas C. Needs assessment and national design standards D. Proximity to locker rooms and weight room

B. Subfunctions of each functional area and anticipated space needs of those areas

To gather research evidence to aid in answering your clinical question about the effectiveness of microcurrent in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis, you use the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). What information does this database provide? A. Abstracts of systematic reviews that have been assessed for quality B. Systematic reviews and clinical trials in the field of physical therapy that are focused on rehabilitation C. Articles that are cited most frequently D. Only Cochrane Reviews related to physical therapy that are focused on rehabilitation

B. Systematic reviews and clinical trials in the field of physical therapy that are focused on rehabilitation

Emotional intelligence has been identified as a key quality of an effective leader. Which of the following best characterizes this quality? A. The ability to influence through the use of personal qualities and characteristics B. The ability to perceive, assess, and manage the emotions of oneself and others C. The ability to gain followers because of who a person is and what he or she represents D. The ability to be visible, to be available, and to communicate vision

B. The ability to perceive, assess, and manage the emotions of oneself and others

Which of the following statements demonstrates appropriate drug testing specimen handling and chain of custody? A. The athlete should produce the specimen in a single toilet stall with the door closed to protect privacy. B. The athlete should be allowed to observe the handling of the specimen until it is transferred to a sealed bottle and packaged for shipment. C. The athlete must wash hands before and immediately after providing the specimen. D. The athlete must sign the bottle, indicating no one has tampered with the specimen. E. The athlete may not leave the testing area until an adequate specimen has been provided.

B. The athlete should be allowed to observe the handling of the specimen until it is transferred to a sealed bottle and packaged for shipment.

As part of the preparticipation examination an athletic trainer collects height, weight, and skinfolds to estimate body composition. What type of measurements are being collected? A. Volumetric B. Diagnostic C. Anthropometric D. Outcome

C. Anthropometric

What credentials are required of any personnel involved in implementation of the emergency action plan? A. ATC or EMT B. First aid and transport methods C. CPR, AED, and bloodborne pathogen training D. OSHA EAP certification

C. CPR, AED, and bloodborne pathogen training

Which of the following tools would provide practitioners with summary statements of evidence-based information to guide choices on appropriate care of specific conditions? A. Outcome assessment measures B. Summative evaluation statements C. Clinical practice guidelines D. Randomized clinical trials

C. Clinical practice guidelines

Over the past 3 months the athletic trainer and the newly hired tennis team coach have had multiple conflicts focused on returning injured players to practice sessions and matches. The coach routinely requests more detailed information and wants the opportunity to contribute to return-to-play decisions. However, the athletic trainer is confident in his decisions and informs the coach he does not feel he needs the coach's opinion, as the coach does not know more than him and is not a certified athletic trainer. What conflict management approach is the athletic trainer demonstrating? A. Compromising B. Avoiding C. Competing D. Accommodating

C. Competing

In addition to providing a method for sharing information between the athletic trainer and the physician, what other purpose can a medical referral form initiated by an athletic trainer and completed and signed by the treating physician serve? A. Maintains compliance with the state practice acts B. Provides consent for treatment C. Creates legally defensible proof that a physician was consulted as required by the Standards of Professional Practice D. Demonstrates professionalism as defined in the Code of Ethics

C. Creates legally defensible proof that a physician was consulted as required by the Standards of Professional Practice

The Sports Medicine Program where you work recently developed a new protocol for triaging patients. After their appointment, each patient is asked to complete a five-question pencil-and-paper questionnaire to determine his or her level of satisfaction with the new triaging protocol. What process can you use to determine reliability of the questionnaire you are using to assess your new triage protocol? A. Determine the interrater reliability by asking patients to complete the questionnaire twice, both times administered by the same office worker. B. Determine intrasession reliability by asking patients to complete the questionnaire immediately after their appointment and then again 30 minutes later. C. Determine intrarater reliability by having patients complete the questionnaire twice before leaving the office, once when the questionnaire is administered by a female office worker and another time when the questionnaire is administered by a male office worker. D. Determine internal consistency by asking patients to complete the questionnaire immediately after their appointment and then again 3 months later.

C. Determine intrasession reliability by asking patients to complete the questionnaire immediately after their appointment and then again 30 minutes later.

A sophomore on your university tennis team confides in you that she is 3 months pregnant. She asks you to abstain from sharing this information with anyone, especially her coach and her parents. What should you tell this athlete? A. Encourage the athlete to continue prenatal care with her physician and to wait until she can no longer hide the pregnancy to share the information with others. B. Encourage the athlete to keep this information from the coach as long as possible because such information affects her scholarship. C. Encourage the athlete to meet with the team physician to determine a plan for participation and then share this plan with her coach and parents. D. Encourage the athlete to take care of herself and to let you know if there is anything that she needs. E. Encourage the athlete to meet with the coach immediately before he receives the e-mail notice you are obligated to send within 24 hours.

C. Encourage the athlete to meet with the team physician to determine a plan for participation and then share this plan with her coach and parents.

Some certified athletic trainers function more as leaders, whereas some function more as managers. Which of the following characterizes a head athletic trainer functioning as a leader? A. E-mails staff members asking for their individual clothing and equipment needs for the upcoming season B. Creates a strategic plan for the sports medicine division and distributes it to all staff members with a request for feedback C. Hosts a staff retreat the week after the end of spring sports to develop and create the direction and priorities for the upcoming year. D. Modifies roles and responsibilities of each staff member to meet the needs of the growing sports programs

C. Hosts a staff retreat the week after the end of spring sports to develop and create the direction and priorities for the upcoming year.

As the director of sports medicine at your institution you manage a staff of eight athletic trainers. The women's cross country coach has expressed to you her concern for the amount of time one of her athletes is taking to recover from a recently diagnosed injury. The athlete is receiving daily care from her athletic trainer and has seen the team physician twice in the past 2 weeks. What should you communicate to this coach regarding her concerns? A. Tell the coach she should seek a physician who agrees with her line of thinking and who is likely to recommend what she thinks is necessary. B. Provide the coach the physician's phone number and instruct the coach to schedule a meeting. C. Instruct the coach to encourage her athlete to discuss her progress with her athletic trainer and the team physician. D. Tell the coach that you should meet with just her and the team physician to discuss the athlete's injury. E. Remind the coach that your role is to provide healthcare for her athletes and she should focus her attention on coaching.

C. Instruct the coach to encourage her athlete to discuss her progress with her athletic trainer and the team physician.

An athletic trainer is applying for a commercial construction loan to build a private sports medicine clinic. The bank has requested a business plan. As part of the documentation, the bank has requested data related to the clinic's advantages relative to the competition, pricing structure, and marketing plan. How is this portion of the business plan characterized? A. Capital campaign analysis B. SWOT analysis C. Market analysis D. Endowment analysis

C. Market analysis

How often should expendable supplies be inventoried to ensure that an adequate supply is available at all times? A. Daily B. Weekly C. Monthly D. Semiannually

C. Monthly

. What document can assist a head athletic trainer at a college or university in justifying the hiring of additional staff? A. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) NCAA Sports Medicine Handbook chapter on Recommended Event Coverage B. State Practice Act ratios of health-care providers to participants C. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Recommendations and Guidelines for Appropriate Medical Coverage in Intercollegiate Athletics D. National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics' Recommendations for Risk Management and Hiring Practices E. Intercollegiate Athletics Advisory Panel Recommendations on Necessary Medical Care

C. National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Recommendations and Guidelines for Appropriate Medical Coverage in Intercollegiate Athletics

What is the most important consideration when determining necessary square footage for a new athletic training room? A. Scope of the athletic training program and number of athletes B. Number of staff athletic trainers and existence of accredited undergraduate program C. Number of teams to be served and expected number of injuries for those sports D. Location and size of the current facility E. Construction budget and extent of administrative support

C. Number of teams to be served and expected number of injuries for those sports

Based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement on Fluid Replacement, in what situation are IV fluids indicated? A. Moderate (2% to 5%) hypohydration B. Severe (>5%) hypohydration C. Ongoing vomiting and/or diarrhea D. Gain in body weight during the activity

C. Ongoing vomiting and/or diarrhea

As the director of a hospital-based sports medicine outreach program, it is your job to respond to requests for medical and athletic training healthcare for participants in community sports and athletic events. Yesterday you were contacted by the head of a not-for-profit association planning an open water swim event to raise money for swim lesson scholarships. He asks you to provide all the medical coverage for the participants in this event. The event is a 5-mile swim along a river with more than 200 expected swimmers of various swimming ability. What aspect of your outreach program can provide the most assistance when making your decision to provide medical and athletic training healthcare for this event? A. Program's vision statement B. Program's anticipated yearly budget C. Program's mission statement D. Program's standard of professional conduct

C. Program's mission statement

What is the most professionally productive relationship between a coach and your school's team physician? A. There should be mutual respect and awe between the two. B. There should be mutual admiration along with a healthy degree of suspicion between the two. C. There should be mutual confidence and trust between the two. D. There should be mutual professional courtesy along with some skepticism between the two.

C. There should be mutual confidence and trust between the two.

What is the purpose of a job description? A. To list specific tasks that must be performed daily by the employee B. To protect the institution from a potential lawsuit C. To define the expected, allowed, and disallowed duties of employees D. To detail benefits provided for the employee E. To justify a budget allocation of a division or institution

C. To define the expected, allowed, and disallowed duties of employees

When planning a new facility, what is the purpose of design elements such as elevators, ramps, automatic door openers, and lowered drinking fountains? A. To provide access to facility for older adults B. To facilitate usefulness for families with small children C. To provide accessibility for persons with disabilities D. To meet local building code requirements

C. To provide accessibility for persons with disabilities

You have a regularly scheduled preseason meeting with your team physician. What should be the primary purpose of this meeting? A. To catch up on personal and professional issues occurring over the summer months B. To indicate the physician's roles and responsibilities as a member of the sports medicine team C. To revisit your current plan for providing healthcare to athletes and refine as necessary D. To formulate a letter to be distributed to coaches to remind them of your roles E. To discuss specific health concerns of the athletes from the previous school year

C. To revisit your current plan for providing healthcare to athletes and refine as necessary

After her second year, the head athletic trainer for your school's football program recognizes the need to reduce the incidence of skin conditions among players and develops an educational and personal hygiene program that drastically minimizes the number of skin conditions over the next three seasons. What type of leadership has this athletic trainer exhibited? A. Transactional B. Experimental C. Transformational D. Informational

C. Transformational

A portion of educational competencies outlined to be taught in Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE)-accredited athletic training education programs focuses on foundational behaviors. Which of the following best characterizes foundational behaviors of professional practice? A. Cognitive knowledge that students must master B. Psychomotor skills that students must be able to demonstrate C. Clinical proficiencies that students must be able to apply D. Affective competencies that are infused in all aspects of the education program

D. Affective competencies that are infused in all aspects of the education program

When conducting a literature search for evidence related to anterior shoulder dislocations in the adolescent population, which of the following demonstrates the best use of Boolean operators to provide a comprehensive list of related articles? A. Anterior shoulder dislocation IN adolescent athletes B. Anterior shoulder dislocation NOT adults C. Anterior shoulder dislocation in adolescent OR pediatric athletes D. Anterior shoulder dislocation in adolescents AND youth AND children

D. Anterior shoulder dislocation in adolescents AND youth AND children

A school district sports medicine coordinator would like to place new automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in all of the athletic training rooms at each of their schools. There is not enough funding in the annual budget to pay for this initiative. What might be the most effective steps the sports medicine coordinator could take to fund this project? A. Decrease the supply budgets for each school. B. Hold bake sales at each school to raise funds. C. Charge each athlete a $10 sports medicine fee. D. Apply for external grant funding.

D. Apply for external grant funding.

A newly certified athletic trainer is completing his first year of employment. During the year, he was able to work closely with the head athletictrainer who met regularly with him to answer questions and to discuss difficult situations and options for managing those situations. How has the head athletic trainer assisted the young professional? A. Establishing cultural competence B. Learning professional boundaries C. Creating a fiduciary relationship D. Beginning his professional socialization

D. Beginning his professional socialization

Which of the following components should be included in your facility exposure control plan? A. Action steps to take if exposure occurs and method of documenting HIV status of employees B. Method for recording every occupational exposure and cost list for personal protective equipment C. Annual employee training plan and criteria for identifying individuals most likely to carry bloodborne pathogens D. Bloodborne pathogens education and plans for exposure prevention E. List of signs and symptoms of bloodborne pathogens and criteria for determining an exposure incident

D. Bloodborne pathogens education and plans for exposure prevention

In which budgetary category would you place a piece of equipment costing $4,000 and having a life span of 3 or more years? A. Facility usage category B. Consumable supplies category C. Professional services category D. Capital supplies category E. Variable supplies category

D. Capital supplies category

According to the Inter-Association Consensus Statement on Best Practices for Sports Medicine Management for Secondary Schools and Colleges, to avoid actual or perceived conflict of interest which person should not supervise the athletic trainer? A. Athletic director B. School nurse C. Academic department head D. Coach

D. Coach

An athlete is making the complaint of negligence against an athletic trainer you employ. To prove negligence, which of the following conditions must be established? A. The conduct of the athletic trainer exceeded duty of care. B. The athletic trainer was not working under the direct supervision of a physician. C. The Good Samaritan Law was violated. D. Damages occurred as a result of the athletic trainer's actions. E. An assumption of risk waiver was not signed by the athlete.

D. Damages occurred as a result of the athletic trainer's actions.

The sports medicine coordinator of a hospital-based sports medicine outreach program elects to supervise her employees through a process in which employees are empowered to discuss problems, provide solutions, and creatively problem-solve with the goal of improving employees and the services provided. How would you characterize this supervisory style? A. Clinical supervision B. Deficit remediation C. Inspection-production model D. Developmental supervision

D. Developmental supervision

40. A university athletic trainer is part of a committee that is reviewing and revising the university's emergency action plan (EAP). When revising the plan for the outdoor sports venues, what important pieces of information should be included? A. Identified safe shelters for spectators, posted evacuation routes, and a script for the public address announcer notifying spectators of directions for evacuation and moving to safe shelter B. Identified safe shelters for participants and game officials, directions for obtaining refunds for tickets, and posted notifications of length of delays C. Chart detailing weather-related emergency considerations, including temperature, humidity, wind chill, and method for calculating flash to bang time D. Emergency contact numbers and street address of the venue, policies for making weather-related emergency cancellations, and written plan for debriefing following an emergency

D. Emergency contact numbers and street address of the venue, policies for making weather-related emergency cancellations, and written plan for debriefing following an emergency

Which branch of the federal government approves and regulates the use of many therapeutic modalities? A. Underwriters Laboratories B. National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment C. Federal Trade Commission D. Food and Drug Administration E. American Physical Therapy Association

D. Food and Drug Administration

An athletic trainer feels a strong desire to make sure that every high school in her state has a certified athletic trainer on staff. What action might she take that would most effectively work toward her goal of improving athletic training coverage in her state? A. Schedule meetings with local school boards to discuss the importance of athletic trainers. B. Start a statewide petition to present to the governor. C. Volunteer to cover events at schools without athletic trainers on her days off so more athletes are covered. D. Get involved in her state association to advance the profession.

D. Get involved in her state association to advance the profession.

Which supervisory model emphasizes the use of formal authority to improve employee efficacy and efficiency? A. Clinical supervision B. Developmental supervision C. Performance evaluation supervision D. Inspection-production supervision E. Centralized leadership supervision

D. Inspection-production supervision

What is the position of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding mandatory HIV testing for athletes as a condition of participation? A. Mandatory testing would effectively prevent the spread of infection. B. Mandatory testing is easily done in athletic populations. C. Mandatory testing should be required only for contact sports. D. Mandatory testing is not justified. E. Mandatory testing is a cost-effective way of promoting health and safety.

D. Mandatory testing is not justified.

A softball player is referred to an ear, nose, and throat physician after being struck in the nose by a ball. Which of the following is the most important document that should accompany the player to the off-campus health-care facility? A. Medical history and injury report B. List of contact numbers and medical referral paperwork C. Insurance information and list of athlete's allergies D. Medical referral paperwork and insurance information E. Injury report and parent contact information

D. Medical referral paperwork and insurance information

After completing a strategic planning process, what should an athletic trainer create in order to put the strategic plan into practice? A. Organizational chart B. Long-term and short-term goals C. Clearly defined department practices D. Operational plan

D. Operational plan

Which diagnostic assessment provided by the Board of Certification, Inc. (BOC) gives practicing athletic trainers an opportunity to evaluate their personal knowledge gaps based on the BOC Practice Analysis, Seventh Edition? A. Practice analysis comparison B. Self-assessment examination C. Individual activity review D. Professional development needs assessment

D. Professional development needs assessment

What is the consequence of a student athlete not signing the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) drug testing consent form? A. The athlete will be disqualified from any NCAA tournaments. B. The athlete can participate but will not be eligible for a scholarship. C. The athlete will be found guilty of a first positive drug test. D. The athlete will be declared ineligible for competition. E. The athlete must attend weekly drug education sessions for 1 year.

D. The athlete will be declared ineligible for competition.

According to the American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Joint Position Statement: Recommendations for Cardiovascular Screening, Staffing, and Emergency Policies at Health/Fitness Facilities, what is the responsibility of any facility offering exercise equipment or services? A. The facility must provide a stress test for all new members or prospective users. B. The facility must require all new members to provide proof of a recent comprehensive physical examination. C. The facility must require all new members to provide proof of active health insurance. D. The facility's personnel should conduct cardiovascular screening of all new members or prospective users. E. The facility should deny membership to anyone identified as being at risk for a cardiovascular incident.

D. The facility's personnel should conduct cardiovascular screening of all new members or prospective users.

A clinic administrator is attempting to improve the revenue stream and has implemented a clinic-wide policy that all treatment and rehabilitation protocols used in the clinic must be based on scholarly evidence. When questioned about this decision, what rationale might the administrator provide? A. Use of evidence-based medicine will improve patient care being provided in the clinic B. Use of evidence-based medicine will enhance the reputation of the clinicians C. Use of evidence-based medicine will allow continuous evaluation of treatment protocols D. Use of evidence-based medicine will improve third-party reimbursement potential

D. Use of evidence-based medicine will improve third-party reimbursement potential

Your athletic training students would like to have a pizza party in the athletic training room during the lunch hour. Which of the following statements best explains your rationale for not allowing the students to hold the party in the athletic training room? A. "Food and Drug Administration standards require that food and drink be in work areas only after designated work hours." B. "The state health department guidelines for food cleanliness in a public place cannot be met with the cleaning products used in an athletic training program." C. "The athletic training room cannot be closed during working hours because the athletes need ongoing, uninterrupted access." D. "Department of Health and Environmental Control guidelines for health-care facilities prohibit ingesting food within 30 minutes of providing healthcare." E. "Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations prohibit eating and drinking in work areas where there is a reasonable likelihood of occupational exposure."

E. "Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations prohibit eating and drinking in work areas where there is a reasonable likelihood of occupational exposure."

Which of the following forms should be signed to minimize potential legal ramifications of the preparticipation physical examination? A. Waiver of liability B. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) disclosure form C. Permission to bill insurance form D. Drug testing consent form E. Consent to Treat form

E. Consent to Treat form

Which of the following questions is illegal to ask a potential employee during an interview? A. Are you older than age 18? B. Do you anticipate any absences from work on a regular basis? C. Do you have any restrictions on your ability to travel? D. Are you available to work on weekends? E. How many children are you planning to have?

E. How many children are you planning to have?

An athletic trainer who uses a therapeutic modality in a contraindicated manner could be found guilty of which type of negligence? A. Malfeasance B. Nonfeasance C. Breach of duty D. Tort E. Misfeasance

E. Misfeasance

When traveling with your high school football team, which of the following must you bring with you because you cannot assume it will be provided by the host school? A. Automated external defibrillator (AED) B. Spine board C. Splints D. Blood pressure cuff E. Rescue inhaler

E. Rescue inhaler

Although securing goods and services through competitive bidding is generally considered desirable for an athletic department, under what circumstances would direct purchase be preferable? A. The buyer has had satisfactory dealings with a specific supplier. B. There are a great many suppliers of the item requested. C. Some of the previous suppliers have been unsatisfactory. D. Only one supplier is available in the immediate area. E. The goods or services need to be received immediately.

E. The goods or services need to be received immediately.