Drugs & Behavior Exam 3

Alcohol is metabolized at a rate of approximately ______ reduction in blood alcohol concentration per hour

0.015

Every state defines the legal limit for driving while intoxicated (whether or not the driver can function) as a blood alcohol concentration of

0.08

Marijuana in the urine of a regular user is detectable for

3 to 6 weeks

A dysfunctional memory caused by marijuna use can last:

A lifetime

_____________ tolerance occurs when the body (i.e., liver) physically adapts to alcohol use.

Dispositional

Easy access to alcohol, a permissive societal view of drinking, unsafe living conditions, poor nutrition, and limited access to healthcare and drug recovery programs are examples of what factors associated with increased alcohol use?

Environmental

"Drinking experience, not heredity, affects a persons ability to tolerate a given amount of alcohol."

False

Alcohol abuse is defined as a compulsion to drink alcohol and an inability to stop drinking once you start.

False

California can potentially generate up to 10 million dollars in taxes from marijuana sales.

False

Marijuana affects both short and long-term memory equally.

False

Marijuana withdrawal is as rapid as withdrawal from alcohol or heroin.

False

Prolonged heavy drinking increases sexual functioning, desire, and the intensity of orgasm.

False

Psychedelic drugs are relatively new synthetic drugs

False

Psychedelics come only from natural plant sources.

False

Suicide rates are three-times higher among alcoholics

False

The amount of pure alcohol (ethanol) consumed per capita is higher in the United States than in European countries, where the drinking age is 18 or younger.

False

The effects of long-term alcohol abuse on physical health, neurochemistry, and cellular function are fewer and less harsh for most other psychoactive drugs.

False

The effects of psychedelic drugs are consistent and predictable.

False

Violence will lead to temporary changes in brain chemistry

False

Withdrawal effects of marijuana include all of the above EXCEPT:

Flashbacks

Binge drinking for women is defined as _______________ drinks in one sitting.

Four

Which neurochemical is primarily released during ecstacy use?

None of the above

Which of the following most accurately describes the addiction profile for psychedelics such as psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and peyote?

They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive.

A persons reaction to alcohol and level of impairment depends on that persons drinking history, behavioral tolerance, and mood.

True

Although alcohol is absorbed at different rates, metabolism occurs at a relatively defined continuous rate.

True

Anterograde amnesia is the term used to describe an inability to remember what happened during a psychedelic trip

True

Countries that engage in dry patterns of use consume more distilled spirits

True

LSD is semisynthetic fungal toxin that infects rye and other cereal grasses.

True

One of the most long-lasting effects of alcohol abuse is an inability to experience normal sexual relationships.

True

People who take LSD may experience flashbacks (re-experiencing symptoms of a trip) that are similar to post-traumatic stress disorder.

True

Psilocybin mushrooms cause less disassociation, panic, and psychotic reactions compared with LSD.

True

Susceptibility to blackouts and brownouts is also a marker for susceptibility to alcoholism.

True

Synesthesia is defined as the crossing of senses, such as when visual input becomes sound.

True

The field sobriety tests used for alcohol are also used for marijuana to determine driver impairment.

True

The variation in people's reactions to alcohol is due in part to hereditary factors that affect how efficiently the body metabolizes alcohol.

True

There is increasing evidence that the use of some psychedelic drugs under medically monitored conditions may effectively treat some addictions.

True

A key enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is ______ and is located in the ______ and the ______.

alcohol dehydrogenase; stomach; liver

Alcoholics are likely to experience which of the following problems with their memory?

both A and B

Hashish is made from

cannabis resin

People who smoke marijuana commonly present with which physical ailments?

chronic bronchitis

Prolonged use of MDMA (ecstasy) has what effect on sexual function?

decreased orgasm in men and sexual arousal in women

High-dose alcohol affects the central nervous system by ______ its function. At higher blood alcohol levels, this leads to ______ heart rate and breathing.

decreasing | decreased

The effects of alcohol ______ negative emotions such as loneliness, depression, and anger.

deepen

Which of the following are visual indications that a person may be on MDMA (ecstasy)?

dilated pupils and twitching eyelids

Which of the following would slow the rate of alcohol absorption?

diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda

Which of the following would speed up the absorption rate of alcohol?

drinking on an empty stomach

Which trimester is the hippocampus of the embryo/fetus affected by maternal drinking?

third

Which of the following is not a symptom of DTs?

vomiting

How long does it often take for the sense of novelty to return to chronic marijuana users who have decided to quit?

1 year

How much more likely is it that young adults who smoked cannabis would abuse or become dependent on alcohol or other drugs than young people who never used cannabis?

2-5 times more likely

In the United States, approximately what percentage of hospital admissions are due to medical complications related alcohol use?

25-30%

The life span of a chronic high-dose drinker is

9 to 22 years shorter than that of the general population

The name of the first enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is the alcohol dehydration enzyme

False

DMT is categorized as which type of psychedelics?

Indole Psychedelics

Which of the following statements is true about cirrhosis?

It is caused by the toxic effects of alcohol, free radicals, and acetaldehyde.

Hallucinations are common in all of the following except one:

LSD

LSD is considered to be ______________ addictive.

Not

"Buttons" are associated with which all-arounder?

Peyote

On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol (the equivalent of about 1.5 standard drinks) in what time frame?

Three hours

Marijuana decreases testosterone production.

True

Major alcohol withdrawal symptoms can develop within as short time as 7 consecutive weeks of heavy drinking.

True

PCP can be recirculated from the body fat to the brain, causing an actual drug flashback.

True

The U.S. Army carried out psychological warfare and brainwashing experiments on animals and humans with psychedelic drugs for many years.

True

Time seems to go by faster when under the influence of marijuana.

True

The national minimum legal drinking age in the United States is 21. Since 1993 the rate of underage binge drinking in the United States has

increased 50%

Which chemicals are most responsible for the psychedelic effects of magic mushrooms?

psilocin and psilocybin

Hyperemesis, brought on by highly potent cannabis, synthetic marijuana, or highly concentrated extracts, is characterized by:

uncontrolled vomiting