Due Process Vocab
sedition
attempting to overthrow the govt by force (not protected by 1)
parochial
church related schools (1)
eminent domain
clause in the 5th amdt which allows govt to claim private property if they give just compensation or fair market value for the land
trial court
court that initially hears a case
capital punishment
death penalty
fourteenth amdt
defines citizenship and says states cannot deny any citizen due process or equal protection
citizenship member
enjoys rights of community and assumes duty of membership
dissenting opinion
explains decision of those justices that disagreed with majority ruling
majority opinion
explains ruling of supreme court case
slander
false use of spoken words (1)
amendment
formal, extremely rare change to laws of the constitution (article 5, 8th amdt)
shield laws
give reporters some protection against revealing sources (1)
prior restraint
govt cant curb ideas before they are expressed (1)
Appellate court
hears cases from lower courts
due process
judicial requirement that individuals must be treated fairly and reasonably in the proceedings of the law (5 and 6)
process of incorporation
most of the guarantees of the bill of rights are incorporated into the 14th amdt due process clause
fifth amdt
natl govt cant deny any citizen due process. also, a person accused of crime cannot be forced to testify against himself
picketing
patrolling business sites by workers who are on strike (1)
aliens
people who are not citizens
civil liberties
peoples freedoms- protects against govt (14)
oral argument
presentation after the brief has been submitted when the lawers argue their case
purview
range of authority of a particular institution
probable cause
reasonable belief that someone has committed a crime (4)
excessive entanglement
related to breakdown of separation of church and state (1)
free exercise clause
second part of 1st amdt guarantees freedom of religion
establishment clause
separates church and state (1)
brief
short written statement submitted by court to lawyers of lower court to build a case for their appeal
clear and present danger
test by supreme court to determine whether a potential danger exists that will likely cause a catastrophe of not immediately neutralized (1)