DYGI Questions Chapter 9 Part 2: The Endocrine System

What hormone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb more sodium?

Aldosterone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb more sodium.

Mrs. Bellamy's husband has suffered a heart attack and is hospitalized. Would you expect her blood glucose levels to be elevated, normal, or lower than normal? Why?

Elevated because of her stress.

Which gonadal hormone cause young girl's reproductive organs to mature at puberty-- estrogen or progesterone?

Estrogen

In the elderly, the decline in levels of which hormone is associated with muscle atrophy? With osteoporosis in women?

Growth hormone decline results in muscle atrophy; estrogen decline leads to osteoporosis.

Insulin and glucagon are both pancreatic hormones. Which stimulates cellular uptake of glucose?

Insulin stimulates cellular uptake of glucose.

What hormone is called the sleep hormone? and which endocrine organ produces it?

Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland.

Failure of which endocrine gland(s) leads to menopause in women?

Ovaries

What temporary organ produces the same hormones as the ovaries?

Placenta

Which group of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex has some of the same effects as the hormones if the ovaries and the testes?

Sex hormones- mostly androgens.

Which two digestive system organs are important sources of hormones associated with digestion?

Stomach and small intestine.

How do thymosin and other thymus hormones help to protect the body?

Thymosin programs the T lymphocytes, which directs our immune responses.