EAQ Musculoskeletal
Which is the first line treatment for Paget disease?
Oral alendronate Oral alendronate, a bisphosphonate, is the first line treatment for Paget disease. 1500 mg of calcium is given as a supplement to reduce the risk for hypocalcemia. When oral drugs are not effective, pamidronate and zoledronic acid are administered intravenously.
Which synovial joint movement is involved in turning the client's palm downward?
Pronation Pronation is the movement involved in turning the palm inward. Eversion involves turning the sole outward away from the midline of the body. Inversion involves turning the sole inward towards the midline of the body. Supination involves turning the palm upward.
A client has injured a short bone. Which is an example of a short bone?
Tarsals Tarsals are short bones, unlike the tibia, femur, and humerus, which are long bones. Short bones do not have epiphysis and diaphysis.
What is a goniometer used for?
A goniometer is a device that measures the angle of a joint and is used to assess range of motion. Mirror therapy is used to reduce phantom limb sensation. Buck's traction boot is a type of skin traction used to prevent hip flexion contractures. Splints are used to immobilize a joint following a fracture.
A nurse is caring for a client who just had an above-the-knee amputation. Which is the key factor in assessing how the client will cope with the body image change?
Personal perception of the change It is not the reality of a situation but the client's feeling or perceptions about the change that is the most important determinant of the client's ability to cope. The extent of change is not relevant; what is relevant whether the client perceives the change as enormous or less important. Although suddenness of the change may influence a person's coping ability, it is not the primary factor that influences coping with body image changes. Although obviousness of the change may influence a person's coping ability, it is not the primary factor that influences coping with body image changes. Test-Taking Tip: Have confidence in your initial response to an item because it more than likely is the correct answer.
A 90-year-old resident of a nursing home falls and fractures the proximal end of the right femur. The surgeon plans to reduce the fracture with an internal fixation device. What general fact about the older adult should the nurse consider when caring for this client?
Physiologic coping defenses are reduced Aging causes a lowering of the physiologic coping reserve of various systems of the body. The pain threshold increases with aging. There are many etiologies for confusion (e.g., drug intolerance, altered metabolic state, unfamiliar surroundings). As individuals age they become more entrenched in ideas, environment, and objects that are familiar, and thus do not tolerate change well. Test-Taking Tip: Read carefully and answer the question asked; pay attention to specific details in the question.
The nurse is preparing to initiate intravenous antibiotic therapy for a client who developed an infection along the incision after having a total knee replacement. Before starting the first dose of intravenous antibiotics, which task should the nurse ensure has been completed?
Wound culture A wound culture always should be completed before the first dose of antibiotic. A wound culture is obtained to determine the organism that is growing. A broad spectrum antibiotic often is given first; after the organism has been identified an organism-specific antibiotic can be given. There is no indication that a red blood cell count is needed; however, a white blood cell count would be beneficial. A urinalysis is not needed, because data gathered during the assessment indicate an incisional infection. At the early stage of the infection, there is no need to obtain a knee x-ray.
Which joint permits movement in any direction?
ball and socket joints Ball-and-socket joints permit movement in any direction. Pivot joints permit rotation. Hinge joints allow motion in one plane. Biaxial joints permit gliding movement.