EAQ quiz #1 - sedative & hypnotics

A patient asks about treatment for social anxiety disorder and inquires how long medication will be needed. What is the nurse's best response? "This medication will need to be continued for the rest of your life." "It is not recommended that the medication be used for more than a month." "The medication will need to be alternated with different medications in order to continue treatment." "After about a year, your healthcare provider could try to withdraw the medication."

"After about a year, your healthcare provider could try to withdraw the medication."

A patient asks the nurse about treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which statement made by the nurse is the most helpful? "The primary treatment is benzodiazepine for anxiety." "The primary treatment is therapy in combination with drugs." "The primary treatment is a combination of multiple medications." "The primary treatment is monotherapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)."

"The primary treatment is therapy in combination with drugs."

A patient is admitted to the emergency department after an overdose of oxazepam. Which antagonist may be used to treat this patient?

Flumazenil

The patient received a benzodiazepine intravenously. What is the nurse's priority action? Neurologic assessment Assessment of blood levels Cardiovascular assessment Assessment of complete blood count (CBC)

cardiovascular assessment

Which patient is a poor candidate for therapy with diazepam to treat generalized anxiety disorder? <p>Which patient is a poor candidate for therapy with diazepam to treat generalized anxiety disorder?</p> One with a history of alcoholism One with type 2 diabetes mellitus One who had convulsions as a child One who has had a myocardial infarction

one with a history of alcoholism

The nurse is caring for a patient with a seizure disorder who takes phenobarbital at bedtime each night to control seizures. Which symptom would most likely indicate an adverse effect of this drug? Constipation Sleepiness in the morning A blood pressure of 160/88 mm Hg A respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min

sleepiness in the morning

A patient with severe generalized anxiety disorder needs immediate relief of symptoms. Which class of medications is the drug of choice? Buspirone Antipsychotics Antidepressants Benzodiazepines

Benzos

What is the most common side effect of buspirone, a medication used to treat anxiety?

Dizziness

What are the side effects of venlafaxine? Select all that apply. Nausea Anorexia Dry mouth Hypertension Slurred speech

Nausea, anorexia, hypertension

A patient is diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). What can the patient expect in relation to first-line therapy? Select all that apply. Psychotherapy A tricyclic antidepressant A monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication A serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) medication

Psychotherapy SSRI SNRI

A patient is prescribed lorazepam for the treatment of anxiety. What is the typical safe dose range of the drug that can be taken by the patient in a day? 2 to 6 mg 3 to 20 mg 4 to 24 mg 1.5 to 18 mg

2-6mg

The nurse is caring for a patient who has obsessive-compulsive disorder. The patient is prescribed citalopram. What dosing schedule is appropriate? 100 mg daily in the morning 20 mg in the morning, increased to 80 mg/day 20 mg once daily, increased to a maximum of 40 mg/day 10 mg once daily, increased to a maximum of 20 mg/day

20 mg once daily, increased to a maximum of 40 mg/day

What interventions does the nurse implement for a patient who is prescribed a benzodiazepine for anxiety? Select all that apply. Teach relaxation methods. Assess for urinary retention. Instruct the patient not to drive during therapy. Instruct the patient to change positions slowly. Teach the patient to avoid alcohol during therapy.

ALL except urinary retention

The nurse is caring for a patient with severe generalized anxiety disorder. Which agent would be most effective for immediate stabilization? Paroxetine Buspirone Alprazolam Venlafaxine

Alprazolam

What medication would the nurse anticipate a provider prescribing for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder? (Phenelzine, Alprazolam, Trazodone, Amoxapine)

Alprazolam (benzos are the first choice and this is a benzo drug)

The nurse notes that the patient is prescribed venlafaxine for generalized anxiety disorder. What will the nurse teach the patient? "Side effects are very rare." "This medication will not help depression." "The medication has been ordered by mistake." "Nausea is very likely but will eventually subside."

nausea is very likely but it will subside

A patient is prescribed a sedative-hypnotic agent. The nurse realizes the patient is most likely diagnosed with which disorder? Anxiety Seizures Bipolar disorder Schizophrenia

Anxiety

When comparing benzodiazepines to barbiturates, the nurse identifies which statements as true? Select all that apply. <p>When comparing benzodiazepines to barbiturates, the nurse identifies which statements as true? <b>Select all that apply.</b> </p> Benzodiazepines have a higher safety profile. Benzodiazepines are less likely to cause tolerance. Benzodiazepines have a decreased abuse potential. Benzodiazepines are associated with an increased suicide potential. Benzodiazepines are better able to depress central nervous system function.

Benzodiazepines have a higher safety profile. Benzodiazepines are less likely to cause tolerance. Benzodiazepines have a decreased abuse potential.

The nurse is working with a patient who asks for medication for anxiety and a drug to relieve muscle spasms. Which benzodiazepine does the nurse anticipate will be ordered for the patient? Quazepam Diazepam Temazepam Clonazepam

Diazepam

The nurse notes that the healthcare provider is considering starting the patient on a benzodiazepine for anxiety. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering to the patient? Amitriptyline Diazepam Doxepin Imipramine

Diazepam

The nurse notes in the patient's chart that the healthcare provider is considering adding a tricyclic antidepressant to the patient's treatment regimen. The nurse recognizes that the healthcare provider may select which drug? Doxepin Trazodone Maprotiline Amoxapine

Doxepin

The patient is suspected of having overdosed on a benzodiazepine medication. The nurse expects that the healthcare provider will prescribe which medication? Oxazepam Lorazepam Flumazenil Buspirone HCl

Flumazenil

Alprazolam is prescribed for an adult with panic attacks. The nurse recognizes that this drug exerts its therapeutic effect by interacting with which neurotransmitter? Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Serotonin (5-HT) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

GABA

The patient has an order to be treated with alprazolam. The nurse recognizes that this drug may be indicated for which condition? Seizures Insomnia Alcohol withdrawal General anxiety disorder

General anxiety disorder

The nurse teaches a patient who is prescribed a benzodiazepine to avoid abrupt discontinuation of the drug. Which withdrawal symptom is a result of abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines after short-term use? Delirium Insomnia Hypertension Status epilepticus

Insomnia

Upon admission, the nurse notes zolpidem on a patient's drug history. The nurse recognizes that this drug is commonly prescribed to treat which condition? Insomnia Absence seizures Paranoid schizophrenia Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Insomnia

When gathering a patient's medication history, the nurse learns that the patient takes temazepam. The nurse recognizes that the patient is most likely experiencing which condition? Anxiety Seizures Insomnia Depression

Insomnia

The patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes imipramine. The patient tells the nurse that he also is being treated with diazepam for a separate condition. What is the nurse's highest priority action Notify the healthcare provider because central nervous system depression may result. Notify the healthcare provider because the patient may experience an anaphylactic reaction. Notify the pharmacy because the dosage of the imipramine will need to be increased. Notify the pharmacy because the dosage of the imipramine will need to be decreased.

Notify the healthcare provider because central nervous system depression may result.

A distraught patient is admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of palpitations, tachycardia, chest pain, and shortness of breath that started 30 minutes ago. The physical examination reveals no physiologic basis for the symptoms. Which diagnosis is most likely? (panic disorder, bipolar, clinical depression, generalized anxiety disorder)

Panic disorder - symptoms reflect those of myocardial infarction

Which medication should be prescribed to a patient who is diagnosed with social anxiety disorder? <p>Which medication should be prescribed to a patient who is diagnosed with social anxiety disorder?</p> Fluvoxamine Amoxapine Paroxetine HCl Bupropion HCl

Paroxetine HCl

Which drugs are approved for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder?

Paroxetine, duloxetine, escitalopram, and venlafaxine - YES Fluoxetine - NO

Sedative hypnotic drugs do what to the body?

Supress the central nervous system

The nurse is reviewing a patient's medication history and notes that the patient recently began taking citalopram for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). What intervention is a priority for this patient? Assessing drug levels every other week Monitoring for the recurrence of seizure activity Asking the patient if he or she has ringing in the ears Teaching the patient that beneficial effects develop slowly

Teaching the patient that beneficial effects develop slowly

What information will the nurse include on the care plan for a patient taking fluvoxamine? This medication will interact with caffeine. This medication must be given intravenously. This medication might not become therapeutic for 4 weeks. This medication is safe in those with liver disease unlike other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

This medication might not become therapeutic for 4 weeks.

Which statements about zaleplon does the nurse identify as true? Select all that apply. Zaleplon is a benzodiazepine. Zaleplon is used to maintain sleep throughout the night. Zaleplon is indicated for long-term management of insomnia. Zaleplon should be administered with a reduced dose of cimetidine. Zaleplon interacts with the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Zaleplon should be administered with a reduced dose of cimetidine. Zaleplon interacts with the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

The nurse is caring for a patient whose medication regimen includes chlordiazepoxide. The patient denies a history of anxiety. The nurse recognizes that this drug also may be prescribed for which condition? Seizures Insomnia Depression Alcohol withdrawal

alcohol withdrawal

A patient who has been taking alprazolam and has been compliant with the therapeutic regimen for 6 weeks is now complaining of adverse effects of the medication. Which substances will the nurse instruct the patient to avoid to help prevent intensification of this medication's adverse effects? Select all that apply. Alcohol Opioids Tobacco Antihistamines Muscle relaxants Caffeinated drinks

alcohol, opioids, antihistamines and muscle relaxants

The nurse is assessing a patient who has been prescribed buspirone to treat generalized anxiety disorder. For which adverse effects will the nurse monitor in the patient? Select all that apply. dizziness sedation nausea anxiety lightheadedness

dizziness, lightheadedness and nausea

A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is prescribed sertraline. After 2 weeks of therapy, the patient shows no sign of improvement. What is the nurse's best action? Assess the patient's diet. Assess the patient's vital signs. Encourage the patient to continue the medication. Call the healthcare provider to change the medication.

encourage the patient to continue the medication