earth and space ch 13 test
A rejuvenated river typically has a a. steep gradient. c. high volume. b. low gradient. d. low volume.
A
A river can be rejuvenated by a. increasing slope. c. increasing branching. b. decreasing velocity. d. decreasing depth.
A
Alluvial fans and deltas have similar a. causes for deposition. c. shapes of deposition. b. sizes of sediment grains. d. angles of slope.
A
One difference between an alluvial fan and a delta is that an alluvial fan is a. deposited on dry ground. c. relatively flat. b. deposited in water. d. formed by stream deposition.
A
The amount of precipitation on earth is equal to the amount of evapotranspiration and a. runoff. c. discharge. b. headwater. d. groundwater.
A
The process represented by arrow 3 in the diagram above is a. transpiration. c. condensation. b. precipitation. d. evaporation.
A
The wide curves in the river in the diagram are a. meanders. c. tributaries. b. oxbows. d. channels.
A
What is the term for the main stream and tributaries of a river? a. river system c. drainage basin b. river bed d. water gap
A
Which of the following is an artificial means of producing fresh water from ocean water? a. desalination c. evapotranspiration b. saltation d. condensation
A
Which of the following is most likely to change drainage patterns in an area? a. stream piracy c. stream deposition b. floodplain erosion d. meander formation
A
The part of a valley floor that may be covered with water during a flood is called
a floodplain
A divide is the imaginary line between two a. river stages. c. river loads. b. watersheds. d. water gaps.
B
Artificial levees are most commonly used to prevent a. evaporation. c. runoff. b. flooding. d. gullying.
B
In the diagram above, the arrow labeled X represents a. absorption. c. rejuvenation. b. evaporation. d. transpiration.
B
In this diagram, the feature labeled A represents a. a meander. c. a pothole. b. an oxbow lake. d. an alluvial fan.
B
The main parts of the water cycle are evapotranspiration, precipitation, and a. evaporation. c. runoff. b. condensation. d. deposition.
B
Which of the following describes the trend in the water movement pattern going from the equator to the poles? a. condensation decreases c. condensation increases b. evapotranspiration decreases d. evapotranspiration increases
B
Which of the following is represented in the diagram above? a. the earth's water budget c. groundwater movement b. local water budget d. surface runoff
B
A wind gap is a water gap that has been a. deepened. c. abandoned. b. lengthened. d. eroded.
C
All of the sediment carried by a river is called the a. suspended load. c. stream load. b. bed load. d. dissolved load.
C
Approximately what percentage of the earth's precipitation falls on the ocean? a. 5% c. 75% b. 25% d. 99%
C
As a river passes from a youthful to a mature stage, it a. shortens. c. meanders. b. deepens. d. narrows.
C
Channel erosion is quickest in rivers with a a. high volume of suspended load. c. high volume of bed load. b. low volume of suspended load. d. low volume of bed load.
C
Condensation is a change in water from a a. solid to liquid. c. gas to liquid. b. liquid to solid. d. liquid to gas.
C
In the diagram above, the process that must occur before the process labeled 2 can occur is called a. transpiration. c. condensation. b. precipitation. d. evaporation.
C
Meanders typically form during a river's a. early stage. c. mature stage. b. youthful stage. d. old stage.
C
The amount of water that flows in a river channel in a given amount of time is called a. velocity. c. discharge. b. capacity. d. volume.
C
The path that a river follows is called its a. tributary. c. channel. b. gully. d. meander.
C
The process of removing salt from ocean water is called a. saltation. c. desalination. b. condensation. d. transpiration.
C
Artificial levees are constructed in order to decrease a. water volume. c. stream velocity. b. river erosion. d. flood danger.
D
One of the principal components of the sediment carried in a bed load is a. mud. c. sand. b. silt. d. gravel.
D
A divide is the area separating a stream's bed load from its suspended load.
F
A local water budget is always balanced.
F
Alluvial fans are also called river deltas.
F
Approximately 50 percent of global precipitation falls on oceans.
F
Artificial levees are resistant to river erosion.
F
Artificial levees are used to prevent excess evaporation.
F
Channel erosion is quicker in rivers with a small bed-load volume.
F
Deltas and alluvial fans are both formed at the mouth of a river.
F
Evapotranspiration is higher at the poles than at the equator.
F
Floodway construction is primarily a method of erosion control.
F
In a suspended stream load, sediment advances by sliding and rolling.
F
Most water evaporating from the earth's surface evaporates from rivers and lakes.
F
Most water used by industry is recycled.
F
Oxbow lakes are formed in potholes.
F
Stream piracy decreases the size of a river system.
F
The decline in the prosperity of Bruges, Belgium, was due to the process of stream deposition.
F
The path that a river follows is called a gully.
F
The volume of water in a stream remains constant from year to year.
F
A water gap occurs at an uplifted land area.
T
As the velocity of a stream decreases, its load of sediment also decreases.
T
Bed loads commonly consist of gravel and stones.
T
Dam building is the most common method of direct flood control.
T
Deserts often form as a result of insufficient precipitation.
T
Erosion often increases the amount of land drained in a watershed.
T
Evapotranspiration increases with increasing temperature.
T
Feeder streams are also called tributaries.
T
Flooding is a natural stage in the development of a stream.
T
Floodways often prevent streams from overflowing.
T
Forest and soil conservation play a major role in flood control.
T
Galvanizing is a process used to inhibit rusting.
T
High flow velocity is a major cause of cutting and widening of river channels.
T
Human activities contribute to the occurrence of floods.
T
In areas of harsh winters, spring floods are common near headwaters.
T
In general, mature rivers flow faster than youthful rivers.
T
Irrigation is often necessary in areas that have high evapotranspiration.
T
Minerals transported as ions and molecules make up a stream's dissolved load.
T
Most water used by industry is returned to rivers and oceans as waste water.
T
The continents lose approximately 70,000 km3 of water each year through evapotranspiration.
T
The continuous movement of water between the atmosphere and the earth's surface is called the hydrologic cycle.
T
The hydrologic cycle is also called the water cycle.
T
The tip of a fan-shaped deposit at the mouth of a stream usually points upstream.
T
When water vapor rises in the atmosphere, it expands and cools.
T
As water vapor becomes cooler, some of it condenses to form
clouds
When water vapor rises in the atmosphere, it expands and
cools
The region labeled X in the diagram is produced by stream
deposition
The process of removing salt from ocean water is called
desalination
The river system begins to form when local precipitation exceeds
evapotranspiration
Lengthening and branching of the upper end of a river is called
headward erosion
The construction of a water dam usually results in the formation of an artificial
lake
The balance between precipitation on one side and evapotranspiration and runoff on the other in a particular area is called the
local water budget
The accumulation of flood deposits along the banks of a stream eventually produces raised banks called
natural levees
The short jumps by which rocks move in a river bed are called
saltation
The capture of a river system by a river in a different watershed is called
stream piracy
In what stage of a river do large meanders develop?
the mature stage
Drainage basins are also called
watersheds
The Cumberland Gap is an example of a(n)
wind gap
