Earth Science Chapter 3

Petrologist

scientist who studies rocks and minerals and their origins

texture (facts)

igneous rock is used to describe texture

sedimentary rock

formed when small pieces of minerals become cemented together

metamorphic rock classification

based on texture foliated or nonfoliated. foliated texture has minerals arranged in bands. nonfoliated texture has minerals that does not have bands.

metamorphic rock

formed from existing rocks which are slowly changed by heat and pressure

Classification

is the grouping of objects that have certain features in common

crystal size (facts)

large crystals form when rock cools slowly. small crystals form when rock cools quickly

igneous rock classification

made up of many different minerals

sedimentary rock classification

made up of two kinds. clastic rock (made up of fragments of rock that have been eroded). Some are sandstone and conglomerate. nonclastic rock (made up of dissolved minerals or the remains of plants and animals) some are limestone and coal

Rocks

mixture of minerals usually cemented together. made up of one or more minerals

rock cycle

series of events that happen over and over again. (rocks change over time)

magma

when reaches earth's surface is called lava. Is what molten rock inside the earth is called