EBP Quiz 2

Periodical

A resource that is published on a set schedule

Journal

A scholarly or professional resource

Meta-analyses

A scholarly paper that combines results of studies, both published and unpublished, into a measurable format and statistically estimates the effects of proposed interventions

Integrative review

A scholarly paper that synthesizes published studies to answer questions about phenomena of interest

Truncation

A search strategy that uses a symbol at the end of a group of letters that form the root search term

Interlibrary Loan

A service whereby libraries provide items in their collections to each other upon request; lending of items through a network of libraries

Nurse researchers would best define the scientific literature publication cycle as: A. A model describing how research becomes categorized in publications. B. A model describing how research becomes disseminated in publications. C. A model outlining the creation of EBP through literature reviews. D. A model that defines best practice in performing a literature review.

B. A model describing how research becomes disseminated in publications.

Combining the statistical results of 15 studies on patient acuity to help determine best practice in assessment of patient acuity is an example of which type of review? A. Integrative review B. Meta-analysis review C. Narrative review D. Systematic review

B. Meta-analysis review

This search strategy narrows the parameters of the search. A. Keyword B. Precision C. Specifications D. Streamlining

B. Precision

Researchers create theoretical frameworks in order to: A. Tie study findings to existing theories in nursing research. B. Provide structure for the study by linking ideas to research that can be observed. C. Provide a step-by-step research plan ensuring all steps are included. D. Ensure that the research is moral and follows all ethical guidelines.

B. Provide structure for the study by linking ideas to research that can be observed.

Nursing __________ are belief systems that guide practice. A. Models B. Theories C. Concepts D. Perceptions

B. Theories

A nurse is using a keyword search to determine the amount of literature available on a specified topic, the nurse is aware that the keyword search involves: A. Using the database to find all occurrences of a keyword in any given articles. B. Using a significant word from a title or document as an index to content. C. Using one term in a thesaurus to find all like terms and like content. D. Searching for an article with a known title and known authors.

B. Using a significant word from a title or document as an index to content.

Record

Basic Building block in a electronic or print database

When the nurse is narrowing a research focus and determining a research topic, it is important to consider which of the following? A. The guiding research theory, ensuring that the theory is well aligned with the research focus and topic. B. The historical significance of the research, ensuring that it will have an impact on all aspects of care. C. The clinical significance of the research, ensuring that it adds to the body of nursing knowledge. D. The importance of the research on potential future research and how current research will be affected by future research.

C. The clinical significance of the research, ensuring that it adds to the body of nursing knowledge.

A research is conducting research. This research is considered nursing research because: A. The researcher is a nurse. B. Nurses administer medications to the patients as part of the research study. C. The research focuses on the impact of nurse-to-patient ratio on patient safety. D. The research studies the most effective treatment for stage 1 colon cancer.

C. The research focuses on the impact of nurse-to-patient ratio on patient safety.

Selecting key terms can be critical in a successful literature search. Which of the following strategies is a good way to identify key terms? A. Brainstorm B. Use FICO C. Use PICOT D. Outline the potential findings

C. Use PICOT

A nursing researcher understands that a mediator accounts for how or why two ____________ are strongly associated. A. Studies B. Theories C. Variables D. Hypotheses

C. Variables

As people age, blood pressure measurements normally increase. This is an example of what type of relationship in a hypothesis? A. Nondirectional relationship B. Casual relationship C. Complex relationship D. Associative relationship

D. Associative relationship

A ______________ is a common name for an electronic index. A. Data source B. Journal bank C. Databank D. Database

D. Database

A nurse researcher is quoting a physician who provided statistical data that will be added to a research study. The nurse would consider the physician to be what type of resource? A. Secondary Source B. Initial resource C. Peer-reviewed resource D. Primary resource

D. Primary resource

A __________ is an observation that can be measured by assigning a number to each dimension. A. Moderator B. Concept C. Hypothesis D. Variable

D. Variable

Moderators

Extraneous variables that affect the relationship among the independent and dependent variables

Mediators

Extraneous variables that come between the independent and dependent variables

Confounding/Extraneous Variables

Factors that interfere with the relationship between the independent and dependent variables; Z variable

Wildcards

Symbols substituted for one or more letters in a search term

Define case studies

A description of a single or novel event; a unique methodology used in qualitative research that may also be considered a design or strategy for data collection

Problem Statement

A formal statement describing the problem addressed in the study

Simple hypothesis

A hypothesis describing the relationship among two variables

Research Hypothesis

A hypothesis indicating that a relationship among two or more variables exists

Statistical Hypothesis

A hypothesis stating that there is no relationship among the variables; null hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis stating that there is no relationship between the variables; the statistical hypothesis

Indexes

A listing of electronic or print resources

Scientific Literature Publication Cycle

A model describing how research becomes disseminated in publications.

Magazine

A resource targeted to the general reading audience

Theory

A set of concepts linked through propositions to explain a phenomenon

Subject Headings

A set of controlled vocabulary used to classify materials; organization of databases according to topic

Define Pilot

A small study to test a new intervention with a small number of subjects before testing with larger samples; adopting an innovation on a trial basis

Proposition

A statement about the relationship between two or more concepts

Purpose statement

A statement indicating the aim of the study

Associative relationship

A type of relationship such that when one variable changes, the other variable changes

Construct

A word or phrase used to communicate a specific key idea to others

Healthy People 202 has what purpose with regards to healthcare delivery in the United States? A. It prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation for a 10 year time span. B. It prioritizes ways to incorporate EBP and nursing research into all aspects of healthcare delivery. C. It determines health concerns that impact the general public. D. It identifies major health problems and establishes national research priorities

A. It prioritizes ways to improve health and the health care of the nation for a 10 year time span.

Which of the following statements about practice are true? (Select all that apply) A. Practice relies on research and theory. B. Practice provides a foundation for theory development. C. Practice provides questions to guide needed research. D. Practice provides research at the macro-level.

A. Practice relies on research and theory. B. Practice provides a foundation for theory development. C. Practice provides questions to guide needed research.

Which of the following demonstrate the importance of nurses gaining an understanding of existing research on a specific topic? (Select all that apply) A. Reading existing research helps nurses understand current knowledge about the topic. B. Reading existing research helps nurses identify gaps about what is known. C. Reading existing research helps nurses maintain traditional interventions. D. Reading existing research helps nurses recognize research problems

A. Reading existing research helps nurses understand current knowledge about the topic. B. Reading existing research helps nurses identify gaps about what is known. D. Reading existing research helps nurses recognize research problems

The hospital nurse is performing research on a significant patient issue and needs a resource to assist with the literature review. Which of the following is the best resource for the nurse to utilize? A. The hospital librarian B. The hospital intranet C. A research physician D. A peer research nurse

A. The hospital librarian

The AHRQ has what purposes? (Select all that apply) A. To improve delivery and coordination of primary care. B. To ensure high-quality, safe, and effective care. C. To ensure efficient clinical prevention and chronic disease care. D. To improve healthcare educational requirements

A. To improve delivery and coordination of primary care. B. To ensure high-quality, safe, and effective care. C. To ensure efficient clinical prevention and chronic disease care.

In the context of nursing theory, concepts are best defined as: A. Words or phases that convey a unique idea that is relevant to a theory. B. Ideas, terms, and phrases that define practice expectations. C. Words or phrases that provide step-by-step guidance for clinical practice. D. Ideas, terms, and phrases that outline the nursing scope of practice.

A. Words or phases that convey a unique idea that is relevant to a theory.

Research Questions

An interrogatory statement describing the variables and population of the research study

Generalize

Applying findings form a sample to a wider population

The following is the definition for which research term: "Words, such as and, or, or not; specify the relationship among search terms"? A. Truncation B. Keyword association C. Boolean operators D. Database evaluators

C. Boolean operators

Secondary Source

Commentaries, summaries, reviews or interpretations of primary sources; often written by those not involved in the original work.

Conceptual Definitions

Definitions of concepts contained in a theory that sound like dictionary definitions

Operational Definitions

Definitions that explicitly state how the variable will be measured or operationalized; empirical definitions

True or False: Nurse researchers conduct their studies at the micro level.

False

True or False: The nurse is aware that when patients are using the internet medical resources they always check the date and source of the information to confirm accuracy.

False

True or False: To ensure best practice in the future, researchers and theorists should work independently, avoiding collaboration, to create best practice with no bias present in the research.

False

Hypotheses

Formal statements of expected or predicted relationships among two or more variables

Metaparadigm

Four broad concepts core to nursing: person, environment, health, and nursing

Nightingale's environmental theory, which focuses on the nurse's ability to modify the patient's environment in order to improve patient's recovery, provides a ___________ for patient care.

Framework

Empirical Indicators

Measures of the variables being studied

A ______________ has a narrow scope, providing a bridge from grand theory to a testable theory.

Middle range nursing theory

Primary source

Original information presented by the person or people responsible for creating it.

The five components of the mnemonic PICOT include:

Patient population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time

Model

Pictorial representation of concepts and their interrelationships

Replication

Repeated studies to obtain similar results

Narrative reviews

Reviews based on common or uncommon elements of works without concern for research methods, designs, or settings; traditional literature review

Systematic Review

Rigorous synthesis of research findings about a clinical problem

Directional Hypothesis

Statement describing the direction of a relationship among two or more variables

Nondirectional Hypothesis

Statement of the relationship among two variables that does not predict the direction of the relationship

Theoretical Framework

The structure of a study that links the theory concepts to the study variables; a section of a research article that describes the theory used

Plagiarism

The use of another's work without giving proper credit

True or False: A patient's pain level is an example of a construct.

True

True or False: Research problems can be identified by a nurse through providing patient care.

True

True or False: The study hypothesis is defined as: Formal statements regarding the expected or predicted relationship between two or more variables in a specific population.

True

Call number

Unique identification number assigned to items in a library by subject and author name

Grey Literature

Unpublished reports, conference papers, and grant proposals

Covary

When change in one variable is associated with change in another variable

Peer Review

When experts and editors rigorously evaluate a manuscript submitted for publication

Causal Relationship

When one variable determines the presence or change in another variable

Search Field

Where each piece of information contained in the record is entered

Concepts

Words or phrases that convey a unique idea that is relevant to a theory

Boolean Operators

Words, such as and, or, and not, that specify the relationship between search terms

Scholarly Literature

Works written and edited by professionals in the discipline for other colleagues

Trade Literature

Works written for professionals in a discipline using a more casual tone than used in scholarly literature

Popular Literature

Works written to inform or entertain the general public

Complex hypothesis

a hypothesis describing the relationships among three or more variables

Hypothesis/Empirical Testing

collection of objectively measurable data that are gathered through the five senses to confirm or refute a hypothesis; empirical testing; a test for construct validity