EC-6 Science

Elementary students use flashlights with opaque and transparent objects as they investigate shadows. Which phase of the 5E model is being implemented in this activity? A.elaborate(he elaboration phase of the 5E Model focuses on giving students space to apply what they've learned. ... Teachers may ask students to create presentations or conduct additional investigations to reinforce new skills) B.engage(students are drawn into the science topic and make connections with their prior knowledge.) C.evaluate(The evaluation phase encourages students to assess their understanding and abilities and provides opportunities for teachers to evaluate student progress toward achieving the educational objectives.) D.explore During the explore phase, students work with the materials to develop their knowledge. In this task, students manipulate materials and work to make sense of their findings.

D.explore

When examining the color and clarity of 1 gram of sugar in 30 milliliters of water, which of the following would be the best substitute for a test tube? A.microscope B.beaker A beaker has a wide circumference and is best used for larger volumes of liquid. C.drinking glass D.graduated cylinder Graduated cylinders tend to be narrower than beakers and designed for accurately measuring small amounts of liquid.

D.graduated cylinder

Patrick likes to play horseshoes. He consistently tosses the horseshoes about one meter to the left of the stake. Which of the following accurately describes his results? A.high precision, high accuracy B.low precision, high accuracy C.low precision, low accuracy The horseshoes have high precision, since they are close together. D.high precision, low accuracy The horseshoes are consistently close together, so they have high precision. The horseshoes are not close to the stake, so they have low accuracy. Continue Correc

D.high precision, low accuracy

A scientist wants to show the correlation between the genre and the number of songs downloaded from the internet. Which type of graph would be best suited for this? A.circle graph (A circle graph compares the number in each category to the total number. That is, a fraction of the circle represents the same fraction of the total.) B.bar graph A bar graph is used to compare different groups. C.line graph.(Line graphs can be used to show how something changes over time. Line graphs are good for plotting data that has peaks (ups) and valleys (downs), or that was collected in a short time period) D.scatter plot A scatter plot is used to show correlation and relationships between variables.

D.scatter plot

A student is investigating the growth of Elodea under different light sources. Which of the following is the best research question for this student? A.How does the color of an Elodea plant affect its growth under different light sources? B.How does the type of light source affect the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea plants? This is the best and most testable research question. C.How does the distance from the light source affect Elodea plants? D.How does the amount of time spent in the sun affect the growth of Elodea plants? The student is investigating different light sources. The student would not place all the Elodea plants in the sun.

How does the type of light source affect the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea plants?

Which of the following is based on evidence and describes, mathematically or in words, how changes in one quantity affect changes in another? A.theory.(In science, a theory is an explanation of the natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified using the scientific method.) B.hypothesis A hypothesis is a reasonable, testable, potential explanation for an observed phenomenon. When leaves on garden plants begin to turn brown, a gardener might hypothesize that a nutrient is lacking in the soil. C.Constant.(A constant is the part that doesn't change during the experiment) D.law A law describes what happens during a scientific process. Laws are based on observations and experiments and are often expressed mathematically. For example, the equation for the force of gravity between planets is a law.

Law

Which of the following scientists won two Nobel Prizes, one in physics and one in chemistry, and discovered the elements Radium and Polonium? A.Antoine Lavoisier(was an 18th century French chemist, who was known for having recognized one of the most important chemical elements, oxygen. Not just that, he also identified the significance of this gas in the process of combustion.) B.Rosalind Franklin.(discovery of the structure of DNA, and for her pioneering use of X-ray diffraction.) C.Dmitri Mendeleev(creating a farsighted version of the periodic table of elements.) D.Marie Curie (along with husband discovered elements Radium and Polonium)

Marie Curie

These prefixes, which are used from the lowest to the highest value are as follows:

Milli- Centi- Deci- Meter/Gram/Liter Deca- Hecto- Kilo-

A third-grade science teacher is teaching a lesson on erosion. He wants to incorporate technology to help students explore these issues across history and in current climates around the world. An example of an appropriate activity would be to: A.have students find pictures of the Grand Canyon and other large landforms that have been created by erosion. Discovering examples of erosion can help students to further understand the concept. However, in this case, the teacher is aiming toward application rather than general learning. B.show a short video that shows a graphic of erosion taking place. C.provide students with a list of helpful websites that give examples of erosion in other countries. D.have students use the internet to find accounts of the Dust Bowl and current farming practices that prevent erosion

have students use the internet to find accounts of the Dust Bowl and current farming practices that prevent erosion.

Density is measured by using the formula mass/volume. In addition to a scale, which of these tools would be helpful in finding the density of a regular-shaped, solid object? A.metric ruler The density of an object is calculated by measuring both the mass and volume, and dividing the volume into the mass. The volume of a regular-shaped object is calculated by measuring the L x W x H of that object. This measurement is done with a metric ruler. B.erlenmeyer flask The Erlenmeyer flask can measure the volume of a liquid if it contains graduated measurement calibrations. However, the flask would not be used to measure a regular-shaped object. A ruler would be easier. C.thermometer D.barometer(A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure in a certain environment. Pressure tendency can forecast short term changes in the weather.)

metric ruler

Which of the following activities would be best for having students practice the skill of inference? A.proposing that the seeds might begin to grow a new tree after a fire opens the scales of Douglas fir cones B.grouping pine cones according to shape and size C.explaining how squirrels can get to the seeds in pine cones and then defending their explanation Explaining and defending reasoning is communication. D.using observations to determine why pine cones open as they age Inferring is developing an explanation based on observations. Here, students infer the reason pine cones open.

using observations to determine why pine cones open as they age

Which of the following accurately summarizes the difference between a hypothesis, a scientific theory, and a scientific law? A.A hypothesis is a predicted outcome, a theory is a proposed explanation based on evidence, and a law is a documented description of observations surrounding a phenomenon. This is the correct distinction. B.A hypothesis is a documented explanation for a phenomenon, a theory is a predicted outcome, and a law is a proposed explanation based on evidence. C.A hypothesis is a predicted outcome, a theory is a documented explanation for a phenomenon, and a law is a proposed explanation based on evidence. A hypothesis is a predicted outcome, a theory is a proposed explanation based on evidence, and a law is a documented explanation for a phenomenon. D.A hypothesis is a proposed explanation based on evidence, a theory is a documented explanation for a phenomenon, and a law is a predicted outcome.

A.A hypothesis is a predicted outcome, a theory is a proposed explanation based on evidence, and a law is a documented description of observations surrounding a phenomenon.

Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis? A.a predicted outcome based on an observation that can be further tested by experimentation This is the definition of a hypothesis. B.a guess of what might happen based upon observations C.a summary of the results of an experiment D.a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation A well-substantiated explanation is the definition of a theory.

A.a predicted outcome based on an observation that can be further tested by experimentation

Calvin planted a tree that measured 0.5 meters tall. If he recorded the growth of the tree every month for two years, what would be the best way to display his findings, in order to visually compare the progression of growth over time? A.line graph Recording the growth of a tree for two years shows a trend measured over a period of time. A line graph is the best visual representation to use to display this data. B.pie graph C.scatter plot D.data table

A.line graph

When asked to list sources of error in an experiment, a majority of Mr. Crone's fifth-grade students included "human error" and "calculator error". What is their most likely misunderstanding about sources of error in an experiment? Students think error in measurement is a mistake made by the measurer. B Students think that a digital display has no margin of error. C Students think that electronic equipment always measures exactly. D All of the above are commonly misunderstood by students. All of the above are common misunderstandings.

All of the above are commonly misunderstood by students.

Mr. Howard would like to create a short freewriting activity to determine whether his students are using critical-thinking skills on their current topic. Which Bloom's verb would be the best for him to use to start his prompt? A.Define(1st Level, Remember,memorize, repeat) B.Predict Predicting is a higher level Bloom's verb which indicates critical thinking ability. C.Summarize D.Select

B.Predict

Which of the following units represents the shortest distance? A.millimeter(one thousandth of a meter(0.039 in) B.nanometer nanometer is equal to one-billionth of a meter Cparsec(unit of length used to measure the large distances to astromomical objects outside the solar system. D.kilometer-(a metric unit measurement equal to 1000 meters(approx 0.62 miles)

B.nanometer

Which of the following activities is the least effective in helping students practice the process skill of communicating? A.After doing an experiment, ask students to explain their results and support their conclusions with evidence. B.Before doing an experiment, ask students to describe what they expect for the experimental outcome. C.Before doing an experiment, ask students to gather all of the materials they will need to perform the experiment. Communicating involves sharing information with others. Gathering materials is not a form of communication. D.After doing an experiment, ask students to discuss ways to improve the experiment. Students practice communication skills when they discuss ways to improve experiments.

C.Before doing an experiment, ask students to gather all of the materials they will need to perform the experiment.

The students in Ms. Dukes' fifth-grade class are using electronic scales to measure the weights of various rocks during a geology lesson. One group has consistently high values for the weights. What is the first thing she should ask the group to help them get back on track? A.May I try measuring the weight and show you how to do it? B.Did you measure the weights three times for each rock? Repeated trials may help students find precision errors, but will not reveal problems with accuracy. C.Did you zero the scale before you started measuring? The students have an ongoing accuracy error. Students often forget to zero a scale when measuring weights, which produces errors in accuracy. D.Did you take turns measuring the weights?

C.Did you zero the scale before you started measuring?

Which of the following scientists is particularly noted for his or her contribution to atomic theory? A.Dmitri Mendeleev(Periodic Law/Periodic table) B.Marie Curie(Radium and Polonium) C.Niels Bohr Niels Bohr is known for his contributions to atomic theory. D.Louis Pasteur(Bactera Germ Theory)

C.Niels Bohr

Which metric prefix indicates a factor of 10? A.Deci- Deci- indicates a factor of 0.1. B.Centi-(1/100 of a unit) C.Kilo-( 1000 gram) D.Deca- Deca- indicates a factor of 10.

D.Deca- Deca- indicates a factor of 10.

Which of the following best represents a comparison of the percentage of healthy plants in a region to those that show stunted growth or yellowing? A.tree diagram B.a Venn diagram C.scatter plot A scatter plot is a graph made by plotting two variables, such as independent and dependent variables, on a coordinate axis. D.pie chart A pie chart is a circle divided into sectors which each represent a proportion of the whole. Pie charts are useful for displaying the relative percentages of categories.

D.Pie chart

A teacher tells the following true story to her fifth-grade class. "Some scientists in Utah had made a wonderful discovery! They discovered a source of huge amounts of cheap energy that was easy to produce. They performed experiments, analyzed their data, and published their results. Scientists at research centers all over the world tried to do the experiments in their own labs, but there was a problem: no one could get the same results as the original scientists. The original results could not be reproduced and eventually their conclusions were rejected. Their experiment had not worked in any other lab, and no cheap and abundant energy source was developed." Of the following choices, which concept is she most likely preparing to teach? A.The embarrassment scientists must face when they are wrong. B.The need to perform investigations in science. C.The reliability of communication in science. The story is not based on a communication problem. D.The importance of repeatability in science. She was preparing to teach about repeatability in science. The original conclusions were proved faulty because the experiment was not repeatable.

D.The importance of repeatability in science.

Which of the following is NOT a valid reason for giving all elementary students opportunities to design and perform investigations? A.To learn the importance of keeping certain things constant. To perform successful investigations, students must understand the purpose of controls in experiments. By performing experiments, and perhaps failing to control variables, students will learn why controls are needed. B.To learn that laboratory experiments are not the only way to investigate. C.To learn how to make decisions about what to measure. D.To learn that all of the questions in science have answers. Not all questions in science have answers.

D.To learn that all of the questions in science have answers.

Which type of graph or chart would be best used to show the breakdown of coat colors in a rabbit population? A.line graph B.histogram(using bars of different heights. It is similar to a Bar Chart, but a histogram groups numbers into ranges.)(shows history of numerical data) C.bar graph(relating uncompromising data) D.circle graph Circle graphs are used to show parts of a whole. This is the best graph for this instance.

D.circle graph

Third-grade students are finishing a unit on wind and air by defending their interpretation of the results of their investigation. Which of the following scientific skills are they practicing? A.inference Students use the skill of inference as they make sense of their investigation results. Here, students are presenting and defending those interpretations. B.observation C.classification D.communication Communication includes students using data to defend their reasoning and conclusions after they have finished their investigations and analysis.

D.communication