EDP exam 1

Research aimed at identifying and gathering detailed information about something of interest is:

descriptive research.

Binet's work advanced the science of intelligence assessment, but it also began to establish the idea that:

there were smart people who could be expected to do well in a broad range of learning situations.

The structural bias in traditional classrooms works against lower SES and minority-group students because:

there's a mismatch between the cooperative orientation of these students, and the competitive orientation of the school.

The abilities that make up formal operational thought include:

thinking abstractly, testing hypotheses, and forming concepts.

The aim of research in educational psychology is:

to test the theories that guide the actions of those involved in education.

Effective teaching occurs best when a teacher is prepared with:

knowledge of subject matter and the skills to share that knowledge.

The first step in multicultural education is for teachers, administrators, and other school staff to:

learn to speak Spanish.

What has research told us about the use of cooperative learning in bilingual education programs?

Cooperative learning will keep bilingual students in bilingual classes until they finish school.

Researchers in the Lepper study created a highly structured setting for educational experiments allowing them which of the following?

A very high degree of control over all the factors involved

You are teaching a tenth-grade class of average ability students. Your lesson involves abstract ideas. Which of the following would be the most accurate supposition you could make about your class as you plan activities?

Although many students may have reached the formal operational stage of development, you can't be sure those who have will be able to apply it to your lesson.

According to the text, what is the impact of desegregation when students from under-represented groups are sent early in life to high quality schools attended by middle-class students?

As a result of the students (from under-represented groups) receiving better educational opportunities, a significant positive effect was observed.

Max, a preschooler, explains that a sandwich cut into four pieces is more than a sandwich cut in half, demonstrating which characteristic common in the preoperational stage?

Centration

Which of the following cognitive characteristics explains the difficulty preoperational children have with the beaker of water problem (conservation of volume)?

Centration

Children in the concrete operational stage have the understanding of space well enough to do which of the following?

Draw a map from home to school.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the role of educational psychology in teacher preparation?

Educational psychology provides teachers with research-based principles to guide their teaching.

Which cognitive characteristic is Athena showing when she plays hide and seek and pulls the drape over her head with the rest of her body showing believing no one will see her?

Egocentrism

Mr. Sanchez randomly assigns have of his class to study their home state on the computer and the other half of the class to use their social studies textbook. Mr. Sanchez then compares the two groups by giving both a test on basic state history. Mr. Sanchez conducted which type of research?

Experimental

According to Piaget, during which stage of moral development will the subject begin to weigh consequences of his or her actions?

Heteronomous morality

Carson, who is struggling in math, has missed nine days of school this semester. The relation between his math skill and his absences show which type of correlation?

Negative correlation

Dahlia's toy is covered by a blanket, but the child does not remove the blanket to look for the toy because he believes the toy is gone. This scenario shows an infant's inability to grasp which idea?

Object permanence

A researcher wants to study the effects of rewards on motivation and needs to set up two groups: one to receive rewards for its efforts and one to receive no rewards. What procedure should the researcher use to guarantee both groups are essentially equivalent?

Randomly assign students to each group

Piaget described cognitive development as a sequence of stages. Which of the following represents his stages in developmental order?

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

Which position regarding the use of intelligence scores is supported by your text author?

Teachers should be more concerned with students' actual performance than with their general intelligence.

Which of the following is most likely to help a concrete operational child solve conceptual problems?

The problems involve objects and situations that are familiar to the child.

Tamika is better than average is both reading and math. What else might we expect about her reading and math?

They are positively correlated.

Which of the following best describes Piaget's idea of disequilibrium?

You know what to do but your response doesn't not work.

An example of the Vygotsky notion of scaffolding would be:

a mother helping a child learn to ride a bike.

Mr. Davis is hoping to learn why some of his sixth-grade students are performing poorly during the third quarter. He finds that the more students are absent, the lower his or her grades are likely to be. His results reflect:

a negative correlation.

An educational research experiment conducted in an actual classroom is called:

a randomized field experiment.

Sometimes, when old ways of dealing with the world simply don't work, a child might modify an existing scheme in light of new information or a new experience. This is a process called:

accommodation.

The academic self-concepts of African Americans, and the expectations they have of themselves, tend to be:

at least as high as those of their white classmates.

Based on the work of Dunn and Dunn, students may differ in preferences associated with surroundings, and these differences:

cannot predict which learning environment will be most effective for each student.

According to our text, to become an intentional teacher you must first:

certified teacher

Early literacy developments depend on:

children's experiences at home and their learning about books and letters.

Mr. Nicely often begins his lectures by presenting students with two ideas or observations that apparently conflict. He feels this method of presenting a paradox arouses students' interest. From Piaget's point of view, the teacher is making use of his students' natural response to:

disequilibrium.

The degree to which results of an experiment can be applied to real-life situations is known as:

external validity.

Because classrooms typically have 20 or more students, an intentional teacher's task is to:

focus on direct instruction of each student.

The term development refers to how people:

grow, adapt, and change over the course of their lifetimes.

Discontinuous theories of development focus on:

inborn factors rather than environmental influences.

Laboratory studies offer highly reliable data characterized by

internal validity.

You are a teacher working with students from a low-income neighborhood. Based on findings from research on academic progress and SES, you should expect your students, relative to middle-class students of the same age, to:

lose ground academically over the summer.

Research-based professional development opportunities offer teachers:

methods known to make a difference in children.

Nurture has a greater effect than nature on the following domain of development:

moral development.

High school females tend to:

overestimate their skills in language and math.

French studies of children of low SES parents adopted into high SES families find:

positive effects on the children's IQs compared to non-adopted children raised in low SES families.

One way toward becoming an intentional teacher in your beginning years is to:

seek a mentor who is an intentional teacher to guide you and share ideas with you.

Mrs. Mandava asks the school psychologist to observe the behavior of her second-hour class and then design a special program for them. The psychologist returns to observe the students' behavior under the new program and finally to observe their behavior after she discontinues the new program. This type of study is a/an:

single-case experiment.

The overall effect of desegregation on the academic achievement of students from underrepresented groups has been:

small though positive.

The formal operational stage emerges:

sometime around the onset of puberty.

In an English immersion placement, a student is primarily taught in the following manner:

students are taught primarily in English.

Intentional teachers are constantly thinking about:

the outcomes they want for their students and how each decision moves students toward those outcomes.

A researcher carefully planned a study and randomly assigned children to one of two groups, ensuring that:

the two groups were essentially equivalent.

Charles Spearman's conception of intelligence is that:

there is one general type of intelligence, called a g factor.