Egyptian Pharaohs & their Accomplishments

Ramses II

One of the most well known of the pharaohs because of his military leadership and his building of huge monuments. He created one of the first peace treaties when he fought the Hittites to a standoff.

Hatshepsut

She was the first female pharaoh. She often wore a false beard and men's clothing. During her reign, she promoted trade with other countries. She was a peaceful ruler and ruled jointly with her nephew.

Deir el-Bahri

Site of Hatshepsut's great temple, carved into limestone cliffs above a river

Abu Simbel

Temple built by Ramses the Great that was carved out of sandstone cliffs and at its entrance, four 66-foot-tall statues show Ramses as pharaoh.

Senusret I

He was a pharaoh who appreciated the arts and helped them to flourish during his reign. He built the White Chapel, otherwise known as the Jubilee Chapel. He also ruled alongside his father and was a strong ruler, extending Egypt's borders.

New Kingdom

(1554 BCE - 1070 BCE) Period in ancient Egyptian history often called the "Golden Age." It was a time of peace and stability where trade increased and large monuments were built.

Middle Kingdom

(1991 BCE - 1786 BCE) A period in ancient Egyptian history often called "The Period of Reunification." Egyptians had great achievements in literature, art, and architecture.

Old Kingdom

(2686 BCE - 2181 BCE) Often called the "Age of the Pyramids." Period in ancient Egyptian history when the pharaohs set up a strong central government and when they built the Great Pyramids at Giza.

Giza

An ancient Egyptian city; the site of the Great Pyramid, which was built by Khufu.

trade

During the reign of Hatshepsut, this flourished. On one expedition to Punt over 200 men on 5 ships exchange goods and gifts from Egypt.

Khufu

Egyptian pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid at Giza and helped to establish the pharaoh as the central authority. He declared himself a god.

Pyramids

Egyptians built these structures as tombs to protect the bodies of dead pharaohs. These structures also contained items the pharaohs might need in the afterlife. The Great Pyramid is made with over 2 million stones and took over 20 years to complete.

Peace Treaty

Ramses is known as a peacemaker when he created this with the Hittites after fighting them to a standoff.

Jubilee Chapel

Senusret's finest architectural achievement (a small temple). It was made of alabaster, a hard white stone. Some historians think that the chapel was originally covered in a thin layer of gold. Senusret wanted his memory to live within the monument.

Imhotep

The first great engineer who built pyramids. He was responsible for planning Djoser's step pyramid.

Akhenaten

This pharaoh was first known as Amenhotep IV before he changed his name. His reign was marked by controversy over his religious beliefs as he turned away from worshipping many gods, only worshipping the sun God, Aten.

Djoser

This pharaoh was responsible for the construction of many buildings, including his greatest legacy: the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. He also brought a miraculous end to a severe food shortage or famine.

Punt

Where Hatshepsut sent her men on a trade mission, rather than sending them to conquer other nations.

Hittites

Who Ramses II signed a peace treaty with after he fought them to a standoff