EHS Ch4

10. What problem may be encountered in the policy establishment stage? A. Lack of sound scientific data B. Inability to coordinate and assess research information C. Poorly defined problems D. Lack of government support E. None of the above

Inability to coordinate and assess research information

5. The polluter-pays principle states that A. A polluter should bear the expense of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures. B. A strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment. C. Preventive measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment. D. All people in society should receive equal treatment with respect to environmental laws and policies. E. None of the above.

A polluter should bear the expense of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures

7. The principle of environmental sustainability states that A. A polluter should bear the expense of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures. B. A strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment. C. Preventive measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment. D. All people in society should receive equal treatment with respect to environmental laws and policies. E. None of the above.

A strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment.

15. Which of the following is not covered under the Endangered Species Act A. Mammals B. Crustaceans C. Insects D. Trees E. All are covered

All are covered

4. The concept of environmental justice specifies that A. Immigrants can receive higher exposures to pesticides if their economic welfare is improved. B. Industries can bypass environmental regulations in order to preserve their economic interests. C. All people must receive fair treatment in the enforcement of environmental laws. D. Decision-makers do not need to seek out the involvement of community members. E. All of the above.

All people must receive fair treatment in the enforcement of environmental laws.

1. How can the built environment encourage healthy lifestyles? A. By causing greater use of private automobiles B. By encouraging people to walk more C. By encouraging the use of public transportation D. By co-locating businesses and residences E. B through D

B through D

Urban areas and structures (e.g., roads, parks, and buildings) constructed by human being as opposed to undeveloped, rural areas.

Built envrionment

8. The Superfund was provided for by which of the following acts A. FIRFA B. TSCA C. RCRA D. CERCLA E. HSWA

CERCLA

2. MACT standards pertain to A. Regulation of water pollution B. Control of hazardous air pollutants C. Regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use D. Production, importation, use, and disposal of specific chemicals E. None of the above

Control of hazardous air pollutants

The equal treatment of all people in society irrespective of their racial background, country of origin, and socioeconomic status.

Environmental Justice

Statements of policy intended to be assessed using information from a monitoring program.

Environmental Objectives

A statement by an organization (public or private) of its intentions and principles in relation to its overall environmental performance.

Environmental Policy

A process for reviewing the potential impact of anthropogenic (human-related) activities (e.g., a proposed construction project) with respect to their general environmental consequences.

Environmental impact assessment (EIA)

The concept that resources should not be depleted faster than they can be regenerated; the concept also specifies that there should be no permanent change to the natural environment.

Environmental sustainability

A method for describing and estimating the effects that a proposed project or policy may have on the health of a population

Health impact assessment (HIA)

11. What problem may be encountered in the policy implementation stage? A. Lack of sound scientific data B. Inability to coordinate and assess research information C. Poorly defined problems D. Lack of government support E. Lack of information on risk; lack of coordination

Lack of government support

13. What problem(s) may be encountered in the agenda setting stage? A. Lack of sound scientific data B. Inability to coordinate and assess research information C. Poorly defined problems D. Lack of government support E. Lack of information on risk; lack of coordination

Lack of information on risk; lack of coordination

9. What problem may be encountered in the assessment/evaluation stage? A. Lack of sound scientific data B. Inability to coordinate and assess research information C. Poorly defined problems D. Lack of government support E. Lack of information on risk; lack of coordination

Lack of sound scientific data

The distinct phases involved in the policy-making process; comprises five stages: (1) problem definition, formulation, and reformulation; (2) agenda setting; (3) policy establishment (i.e., adoption and legislation); (4) policy implementation; and (5) policy assessment.

Policy cycle

States that the polluter should bear the expenses of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures.

Polluter-pays principle

12. What problem may be encountered in the problem definition stage? A. Lack of sound scientific data B. Inability to coordinate and assess research information C. Poorly defined problems D. Lack of government support E. Lack of information on risk; lack of coordination

Poorly defined problems

States that preventive, anticipatory measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment, wildlife, or human health, even if some cause-and-effect relationships are not fully established.

Precautionary principle

6. The precautionary principle states that: A. A polluter should bear the expense of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures. B. A strong, just, and wealthy society can be consistent with a clean environment. C. Preventive measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment. D. All people in society should receive equal treatment with respect to environmental laws and policies. E. None of the above.

Preventive measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment.

A federal fund provided through the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) to clean up uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous-waste sites, as well as accidents, spills, and other emergency releases of pollutants and contaminants into the environment.

Superfund

14. Which of the following aspects is not included in the built environment? A. City buildings B. Undeveloped land C. Parks D. Roads E. A, C, D

Undeveloped land

3. The agency responsible for environmental regulation at the international level is the A. EPA B. WHO C. NIOSH D. ATSDR E. NIEHS

WHO

An artificial lake, produced by constructing physical barriers across flowing rivers, which allows the water to pool.

Water reservoir