Electrical: Components

Resistor

A resistor restricts the flow of a current in a circuit.

LED

A Light Emitting Diode is the alternative of the diode, once a current is applied to an LED; it emits light at a specific frequency. (Fig. Amber & Red)

Solenoid

A solenoid is a type of electromagnet when the purpose is to generate a controlled magnetic field.

Inductor

An inductor or coil or a reactor is a two-terminal passive electrical component, commonly operate of an inductor is that, it stores voltage within the form of magnetic energy. Generally an inductor includes of a conductor, component wound into a coil that works on the principle of Faraday's law of inductance. Once a current flows through the coil from the left side to the right side, the coil produces a magnetic field within the clockwise direction.

Capacitor

The main function of a capacitor is that, it stores voltage once an electrical charge is forced onto its terminals from a power supply. It maintains the charge even when getting disconnected from the power supply.

Transistor

The transistor is a device, which consists of 3 terminals, fabricated from semiconductor material that controls the flow of voltage or current and acts as a switch for electronic signals. There are 2 varieties of transistors PNP and NPN, most circuits tend to use NPN semiconductor. Transistors are designed in numerous shapes and the 3 terminals of the semiconductor specifically, the base (B), emitter (E) and collector(C). Where,the base terminal is responsible for activating the transistor, emitter terminal is the negative lead and collector terminal is the positive lead.

Circuit Breaker

A circuit breaker is a mechanical switching device which is operated automatically, which are used to defend an electric circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit the most functions of the circuit breaker is to interrupt current flow and determine a fault condition.

Diodes

A diode is a device, which is made from semiconductor material that allows current to flow in one direction; it blocks the current that tries to travel against the flow in a wire. (Fig. Black)

Fuse

A fuse is a material or a bit of wire which is employed to protect the components from destruction due to excessive current flowing through them.

Microcontroller

A small computer on a single integrated circuit that assembles all the options which are found within the microprocessor. So as to serve different applications, it has a high concentration of on chip amenities like RAM, ROM, timers I/O ports, serial port, interrupt and clock circuit.

Switches

A switch is an electrical device which is employed to interrupt the circuit, interrupting the current and to provide the current from one conductor to a different conductor. The switch works with ON and OFF mechanism.

Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device and it consists of 2 coils of wire that are joined by an iron core. The main function of the transformer is that to increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) AC voltages. The transformer works on the principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, that is, mutual inductance between 2 circuits that is linked by a common magnetic flux.

Relay

Relays are switches, that are used to control the circuits by employing a low power signal. The relays comprise of a magnet, a coil, a series of electrical contacts and a spring.

IC

The short sort of a form of integrated circuit is IC and sometimes it is additionally known as a chip. The integrated circuit is a semiconductor device, where numerous resistors, capacitors, and transistors are fabricated. It will operate as a microprocessor, microchip, amplifier, and timer.