Embalming, Chemistry, and Anatomy Bonus 1

What temperature is shown on a Centigrade thermometer when a Fahrenheit thermometer 212? Select one: a. +100 b. +32 c. 0 d. +273

+100

What percentage dilute solution is created by adding 32 ounces of a 28 index fluid in enough water to make 4 gallons of solution? Select one: a. 1.65 index b. 3.50 index c. 1.95 index d. 1.75 index

1.75 index

How much of a 16 index fluid will it take to make 2 gallons of a 1.5% solution? Select one: a. 16 oz b. 18 oz c. 24 oz d. 20 oz

24 oz

What type of autopsy consists of the examination of the gastrointestinal tract below the diaphragm? Select one: a. Abdominal b. Cranial c. Complete d. Thoracic

Abdominal

Which of the following should be used for embalming a case which predisposes to dehydration? Select one: a. Primary injection b. All of these c. Cold water for the dilution d. Large volume

All of these

Which of the following is a prescribed method for securing the calvarium in place? Select one: a. Calvarium clamps b. All of these. c. Cements d. Needle injector

All of these.

Which of the following are the first products of decomposition? Select one: a. Amino acids b. Fatty acids c. Indole d. Cadaverine

Amino acids

Which of these arteries extends from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle? Select one: a. Anterior tibial b. Popliteal c. Posterior tibial d. Dorsalis pedis

Anterior tibial

Which of these instruments is inserted into an artery to facilitate the introduction of arterial fluid? Select one: a. Needle injector b. Arterial tube c. Aneurysm needle d. Spring forceps

Arterial tube

Which of the following is the large artery of the upper arm? Select one: a. Radial artery b. Posterior humeral circumflex artery c. Axillary artery d. Brachial Artery

Brachial Artery

What type of embalming fluids contain high concentrations of disinfectants and preservatives but generally lack active dyes and other modifying agents? Select one: a. Co-injection fluids b. Jaundice fluids c. Cavity fluids d. Humectants

Cavity fluids

Which of the following branches of the external carotid artery supplies blood to the nose, lips and chin? Select one: a. Ascending pharyngeal artery b. Common facial artery c. Posterior auricular artery d. Descending pharyngeal artery

Common facial artery

That procedure of disinfection which takes place during the embalming process would most correctly apply to which of the following? Select one: a. Concurrent disinfection b. Terminal disinfection c. Case analysis d. Primary disinfection

Concurrent disinfection

How can an extravascular discoloration be dealt with during the embalming process? Select one: a. Discoloration can be eliminated by adding an anticoagulant ot the arterial fluid b. Discoloration can be lessened by adding a bleaching agent to the arterial fluid c. Discoloration can be washed out by the injection of a primary dilution fluid d. It can be removed by normal venous drainage procedures

Discoloration can be lessened by adding a bleaching agent to the arterial fluid

Which term is to denote anatomical features farthest from the point of limb attachment? Select one: a. Distal b. Inferior c. Medial d. Proximal

Distal

Which of the following is a reliable sign of fluid distribution? Select one: a. Tissue distention b. Distention of the superficial vessels c. Loss of elasticity of the vessels d. Tissue fixation

Distention of the superficial vessels

Which is an antemortem extravascular blood discoloration? Select one: a. Carbon monoxide b. Passive capillary congestion c. Ecchymosis d. Active capillary congestion

Ecchymosis

If an embalmer elevated a gravity percolator ten feet above the injection site how many pounds of potential pressure would be created? Select one: a. Five b. Ten c. Two d. Fifteen

Five

Which of the following pairs of elements are present in a hydrocarbon compound? Select one: a. Carbon and Nitrogen b. Carbon and Oxygen c. Hydrogen and Hydroxide d. Hydrogen and Carbon

Hydrogen and Carbon

According to the nine region plan, what abdominal region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region? Select one: a. Epigastric b. Inguinal c. Lumbar d. Hypochondriac

Hypochondriac

Method of injection and drainage recommended for use in embalming cases which exhibit vascular disorders Select one: a. Continuous Method b. Terminal Method c. Intermittent Method d. Concurrent Injection

Intermittent Method

What is the relationship of the femoral vein to the femoral artery? Select one: a. It lies immediately anterior b. It lies medial and deep c. It lies immediately posterior d. It lies lateral and superficial

It lies medial and deep

An influential person in medical embalming who was the first to make embalming available to the public is Select one: a. Gabriel Clauderus. b. Jean Gannal. c. John Hunter. d. Dr. Thomas Holmes.

Jean Gannal.

Which of the following is part of the encephalon? Select one: a. Medulla b. Arachnoid c. Atlas d. Fundus

Medulla

Which of the following can be separated by physical methods? Select one: a. Mixtures b. Compounds c. Salts d. Bases

Mixtures

Which of the following is a muscle of the chest? Select one: a. Rectus abdominis b. Psoas major c. Deltoid d. Pectoralis major

Pectoralis major

Which of the following is an aromatic substance? Select one: a. Ethers b. Esters c. Formaldehyde d. Phenol

Phenol

Which cavity is located around the lungs, which are serious membranes covering over each lung. Select one: a. Mediastinum b. Pericardial c. Abdominopelvic d. Pleural

Pleural

Which of the following accessory chemicals is designed to preserve tissue either by direct contact or through gaseous vapors? Select one: a. Preservative powders b. Humectant agents c. Mold preventive agents d. Sealing agents

Preservative powders

Which blood vessel lies just lateral of the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle? Select one: a. Brachial artery b. Ulnar artery c. Radial artery d. Superficial palmar artery

Radial artery

Which of the following is a chemical property? Select one: a. Reactivity b. Density c. Boiling point d. Solubility

Reactivity

When embalming the autopsy case, which of the following blood vessels would you utilize to inject the head of the deceased? Select one: a. Right and left common iliac b. Right and left common carotid c. Right and left subclavian d. Right and left axillary

Right and left common carotid

Which of the following yield both metallic and non-metallic ions in solution? Select one: a. Salts b. Bases c. Acids d. Ethers

Salts

If a body part has been mutilated, which of the following embalming procedures is recommended? Select one: a. Sectional embalming b. Rapid rate of flow c. High pressure d. One point injection

Sectional embalming

Which of the following embalming fluids produces maximum disinfection and preservation without causing objectionable changes in skin texture? Select one: a. Co-indection arterial fluids b. Cavity fluids c. Semi-hardening arterial fluids d. Primary injection fluids

Semi-hardening arterial fluids

What are sulfonate compounds used for in embalming fluids? Select one: a. Surface active agents b. Buffers c. Humectants d. Water conditioners

Surface active agents

That procedure of disinfection following the embalming process to protect the environment would most appropriately apply to which of the following? Select one: a. Terminal disinfection b. Concurrent disinfection c. Secondary disinfection d. Personal hygiene

Terminal disinfection

What is lipolysis? Select one: a. The decomposition of protein b. The decomposition of carbohydrates c. The decomposition of bone d. The decomposition of fats

The decomposition of fats

Which of these is considered to be the most important aspect of the embalming operation? Select one: a. The preservation of the body b. The restoration of the body c. The documentation of the operation d. The disinfection of the body

The disinfection of the body

What is the purpose of the quaternary ammonium compounds in embalming fluids? Select one: a. They act as vehicles b. They act as supplementary germicides c. They act as surface tension reducers d. They act as modifying agents

They act as supplementary germicides

Which of the following substances serves as a solvent for the many ingredients incorporated in an embalming fluid? Select one: a. Buffer b. Reodorant c. Surfactant d. Vehicle

Vehicle

A charged group of atoms functioning as a single unit in a chemical reaction is Select one: a. a molecule. b. an atom. c. a symbol. d. a polyatomic ion.

a polyatomic ion.

An embalming instrument used to spread incisions and give more working room is Select one: a. a hemostat. b. a retractor. c. an extractor. d. spring forceps.

a retractor.

An important factor to be considered in case analysis is Select one: a. age b. all of these c. moisture content of tissues d. cause of death

all of these

If the lips will not stay closed during the embalming operation they may be held in position by means of Select one: a. all of these b. wet cotton strips c. petroleum jelly d. sutures

all of these

The union of the distal ends of two or more blood vessels is called Select one: a. an aneurysm. b. anastomosis. c. amphoterism. d. allotropism.

anastomosis.

Any surface, prominence, or structure which is used in establishing the location of an adjacent structure or prominence is a(n) Select one: a. anatomical guide. b. linear guide. c. place of incision. d. anatomical limit.

anatomical guide.

The position of the urinary bladder in the female in relation to the uterus is Select one: a. posterior. b. superior. c. anterior. d. lateral.

anterior.

Citrates and oxalates are usually added to embalming fluids to act as Select one: a. preservatives. b. anticoagulants. c. surfactants. d. vehicles.

anticoagulants.

Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic factor to be considered in case analysis? Select one: a. atmospheric conditions b. moisture of the tissues c. fever d. pathological conditions

atmospheric conditions

The self destruction of cells is known as Select one: a. saccharolysis b. lipolysis c. algor mortis d. autolysis

autolysis

The digestion of cells by means of their own enzymes is called Select one: a. autolysis. b. catabolism. c. adipocere. d. rigor mortis.

autolysis.

A term that identifies one of the two divisions of the skeleton is Select one: a. axial b. parietal c. spinal d. pubic

axial

Which of these sutures begins by placing the point of the needle within the incision and then up through the skin passing from one side of the incision to the other side with each stitch. Select one: a. draw stitch b. baseball stitch c. whip stitch d. worm stitch

baseball stitch

Substances which ionize in solution to produce OH ions are Select one: a. halogens. b. salts. c. acids. d. bases.

bases.

The complete oxidation of proteins produces Select one: a. carbon dioxide, water, and urea. b. amino acids. c. monosaccharides. d. fatty acids.

carbon dioxide, water, and urea.

The action of CH2O on protein is termed Select one: a. coagulation b. saponification c. putrefaction d. proteolysis

coagulation

A solution containing a relatively large amount of solute is Select one: a. supersaturated. b. concentrated. c. dilute. d. saturated.

concentrated.

The decomposition of protein by the action of aerobic bacteria is Select one: a. putrefaction b. decay c. lipolysis d. fermentation

decay

The arterial fluid injected into an edematous body will be Select one: a. none of these. b. diluted by the edema. c. strengthened by the edema. d. unaffected by the edema.

diluted by the edema.

The esophagus is ______________________ to the trachea. Select one: a. lateral b. supine c. ventral d. dorsal

dorsal

From the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point between the first and second toe is the linear guide for the Select one: a. ulnar artery b. anterior tibial artery c. posterior tibial artery d. dorsalis pedis artery

dorsalis pedis artery

The blood vessels responsible for draining blood from the tissues of the brain are the Select one: a. gonadal veins. b. dural sinuses. c. external jugular veins. d. innominate veins.

dural sinuses.

The ovarian arteries supply blood to the Select one: a. duodenum. b. female gonads. c. vermiform appendix. d. large intestine.

female gonads

The external iliac vein arises as the continuation of the Select one: a. great saphenous vein. b. popliteal vein. c. femoral vein. d. common iliac vein.

femoral vein.

A hole in a bone is a Select one: a. foramen. b. fossa. c. fissure. d. condyle.

foramen.

The most common method used for arterially injecting a body today is Select one: a. gravity percolator. b. hand pump. c. bulb syringe. d. force pump.

force pump.

The most positive sign of death Select one: a. generalized decomposition b. cessation of respiration c. cessation of circulation d. algor mortis

generalized decomposition

An instrument which may be used to guide an arterial or vein tube into a vessel in the Select one: a. hemostat b. separator c. groove director d. spring forceps

groove director

An antemortem extravascular blood discoloration Select one: a. carbon monoxide discoloration b. hematoma c. livor mortis d. postmortem stain

hematoma

The main constituent of an acid is Select one: a. oxygen. b. hydrogen. c. hydroxyl. d. oxide.

hydrogen.

Edema within the pleural cavity is Select one: a. hydrothorax. b. hydropericardium. c. anasarca. d. ascites.

hydrothorax.

The settling of the blood to the dependent parts if the body is known as Select one: a. algor mortis b. postmortem stain c. hypostasis d. rigor mortis

hypostasis

The injection pressure which just overcomes the vascular resistance and causes the embalming fluid to enter the arterial system at a moderate and uniform rate is Select one: a. ideal. b. differential. c. potential. d. actual.

ideal.

An aneurysm may prove troublesome in embalming because Select one: a. it acts as a complete obstruction of fluid flow b. it has a tendency to "short circuit" embalming c. in accelerates blood coagulation d. if it ruptures fluid injected will escape from the vascular system

if it ruptures fluid injected will escape from the vascular system

The superior segment of the sternum is the Select one: a. malleolus. b. manubrium. c. gladiolus. d. malleus.

manubrium.

The final hydrolytic products of polysaccharides are Select one: a. disaccharides. b. starches. c. enzymes. d. monosaccharides.

monosaccharides.

With both red and blue litmus paper placed in the same solution, and neither showing any color change, this would indicate Select one: a. neutral solution. b. acid. c. base. d. vinegar solution.

neutral solution.

The roof of the mouth is the Select one: a. vomer. b. uvula. c. frenulum. d. palate.

palate.

With the embalming machine turned on and the rate of flow valve closed the type of pressure being shown on the pressure gauge is Select one: a. actual pressure. b. differential pressure. c. potential pressure. d. practical pressure.

potential pressure.

The passing of arterial solution through the capillary wall, caused by positive intravascular pressure, is Select one: a. osmosis b. diffusion c. dialysis d. pressure filtration

pressure filtration

An alcohol with a single hydroxyl unit attached to an end carbon atom is Select one: a. a secondary alcohol. b. a quaternary alcohol. c. a tertiary alcohol. d. a primary alcohol.

primary alcohol.

The post mortem evacuation of any substance from any external orifice of the body due to internal and/or external pressure is Select one: a. desquamation. b. skin slip. c. emaciation. d. purge.

purge.

According to Robert Mayer, the basic ethical axiom for the funeral service professional is Select one: a. the needs of the living. b. reverence for the dead. c. do unto others. d. practice no harm

reverence for the dead.

The center of blood drainage in embalming is the Select one: a. circle of Willis. b. right atrium of the heart. c. superior vena cava. d. arch of the aorta.

right atrium of the heart.

The post mortem stiffening of the body muscles is Select one: a. algor mortis. b. rigor mortis. c. livor mortis. d. cadaveric lividity.

rigor mortis.

In the femoral triangle the femoral artery is bordered laterally by the muscle Select one: a. psoas major b. adductor magnus c. sartorius d. adductor longus

sartorius

The dilution of arterial solutions by the fluids of the body is called the Select one: a. primary solution b. isotonic dilution c. secondary dilution d. primary dilution

secondary dilution

Odor, purge, and skin slip are Select one: a. none of these b. signs of decomposition c. tests for death d. expert test for death

signs of decomposition

The density of an object divided by the density of water is Select one: a. heat of fusion. b. surface tension. c. specific gravity. d. viscosity.

specific gravity.

The linear guide for the common carotid artery is from the Select one: a. center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger b. center of the base of the axillary space to the center of the forearm c. sternoclavicular articulation to the anterior surface of the lobe of the ear d. center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial condyle of the femur

sternoclavicular articulation to the anterior surface of the lobe of the ear

The right and left innominate veins combine to form the Select one: a. brachiocephalic vein. b. superior vena cava. c. inferior vena cava. d. cephalic vein.

superior vena cava.

The part of the vascular system that takes oxygenated blood to the body and then returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart is the Select one: a. systemic circulation. b. systolic circulation. c. pulmonary circulation. d. collateral circulation.

systemic circulation.

The connective tissue structure which attaches muscle to muscle or muscle to bone is a Select one: a. suture. b. ligament. c. condyle. d. tendon.

tendon.

Gross anatomy refers to Select one: a. the study of individual cells. b. the study of the body by the use of a microscope. c. the study of some particular body region as a separate unit. d. the study of the body with the unaided eye.

the study of the body with the unaided eye.

a prep room supply found in rubber and plastic form that is used with the embalming machine, aspiration procedures, for delivery of and removal of fluids is Select one: a. tubing. b. cotton. c. a trocar. d. an arterial tube.

tubing.

On the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth finger is the linear guide for the Select one: a. axillary artery b. ulnar artery c. posterior tibial artery d. anterior tibial artery

ulnar artery

When ammonia combines with formaldehyde based substances, it forms a neutral compound known as Select one: a. peroxide. b. nitrogen. c. urotropin. d. coagulate

urotropin.

What procedures may be used to return the body of an emaciated case to normal contour and moisture content Select one: a. use a large volume of hardening arterial fluid b. use a rapid rate of flow c. use concurrent injection and drainage d. use restricted drainage

use restricted drainage

The initial color change of decomposing tissue Select one: a. blue-black b. blue c. black d. yellow-green

yellow-green