Embalming pt. 2

Dehydration

A drying of the body or tissue as a result of the removal of moisture (water) is evisceration. aspiration dehydration. embalming.

Postmortem stain

A postmortem discoloration brought about by the rupture of the red blood cells and a release of their contents into the tissues is livor mortis. algor mortis. autolysis. postmortem stain.

Adipocere

A soapy waxy by-product of saponification is fat. muscle. protein cell. adipocere.

Hydropericardium

An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the heart sac is hydrocele. hydrocephalus. hydrothorax. hydropericardium.

Discoloration

An abnormal color appearing in or upon the human body is dehydration. discoloration. lividity. saponification.

Time lapse between death and embalming

An extrinsic variable factor in embalming is time lapse between death and embalming. fever. autolysis. body weight.

longitudinal incision

An incision that is parallel to the long axis of the blood vessel that is being opened is a: transverse incision. triangular incision. longitudinal incision. perpendicular incision.

lung capillaries are weakened by disease

Clear embalming fluid is usually purged from the nose and mouth during preparation of cases dead of pulmonary tuberculosis because the lung capillaries are weakened by disease. formation of tubercles post mortem causes fluid to leak. arterial varices of the esophagus rupture causing fluid leakage. there is increased surface tension in lungs.

With arterial solution

Co-injection fluids are used before arterial solutions. with arterial solutions. after arterial solutions. in conjunction with cavity fluids.

Syncope

Death beginning at the heart is termed asphyxia. syncope. coma. apnea.

cecum and appendix

Directing the point of the trocar toward a point one-fourth of the distance from the right anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis is the trocar guide for the urinary bladder. cecum/appendix. heart. liver.

tilted to the right approximately 15 degrees

During embalming, the head should be tilted to the left approximately 15 degrees. tilted to the right approximately 25 degrees. tilted to the right approximately 15 degrees. tilted to the left approximately 25 degrees.

Posterior tibial artery

From the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone is the linear guide for the anterior tibial artery. ulnar artery. posterior tibial artery. dorsalis pedis artery.

as a preservative and drying agent in autopsied cases

Hardening compound is used as a preservative and drying agent in autopsied cases. as a hardening agent in arterial fluids. as a pack application. as a buffer.

30 index

If you use 2 bottles of arterial fluid to make 2 ½ gallons of a 3 index solution, what is the index of the arterial fluid? 30 index 18 index 27 index 36 index

hypogastric region

In the nine region plan, which region of the abdominal pelvic cavity is located immediately inferior to the umbilical region? Hypochondriac Hypogastric Iliac Inguinal

Ulnar artery

On the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth fingers is the linear guide for the anterior tibial artery. ulnar artery. axillary artery. posterior tibial artery.

All of these

One of the factors to be considered in selecting the artery to be injected is deformities. weight. disease. all of these.

Terminal disinfection

That procedure of disinfection following the embalming process to protect the environment would most appropriately apply to which of the following? Secondary disinfection Personal hygiene Concurrent disinfection Terminal disinfection

Dr. Thomas Holmes

The "Father of Embalming in the U.S." was John Hunter. Dr. Frederich Ruysch. William Hunter. Dr. Thomas Holmes.

Natron solution

The Egyptians immersed bodies in natron solution. spices. balsam spirits. spirits of wine.

Anterior tibial

The ___________ artery courses along the lateral margin of the crest of the tibia, passes through the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint and becomes the dorsalis pedis artery. posterior tibial anterior tibial popliteal femoral

Edema

The abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces or cavities is purge. desiccation. edema. liquifaction.

Coagulation

The action of formaldehyde on protein is dialysis. saponification. autolysis. coagulation.

12,8 oz

The amount of arterial fluid necessary to make one gallon of solution at 2% strength using a 20 index fluid is 8 oz. 6.4 oz. 12.8 oz. 18 oz.

Purple

The color of cadaveric lividity can best be described as which of the following? White Cherry red Green Purple

Superior border of the thyroid cartilage

The common carotid arteries bifurcate into the internal carotid and external carotid at the level of the ___. second costal cartilage. sternoclavicular articulation. arch of the aorta. superior border of the thyroid cartilage.

Decay

The decomposition of protein by the action of aerobic bacteria is decay. fermentation. putrefaction. lipolysis.

Secondary dilution

The dilution of arterial solutions by the fluid of the body is called the primary solution. primary dilution. secondary dilution. isotonic dilution.

Eye

The first muscle tissue to be affected by rigor mortis is neck. face. upper extremities. eyes.

Greeks

The first people believed to have practiced cremation were the: Egyptians. Greeks. Romans. Muslims.

Lung

The focal point in regards to the cavity treatment of cases with tuberculosis is the heart. intestine. lung. liver.

Death

The irreversible total cessation of metabolic activity is known as a(n) coma. asphyxia. heart attack. death.

center of the axillary space parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity

The linear guide for the axillary artery is: center of the base of the axillary space to the center of the forearm. center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger. center of the axillary space parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity. center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial condyle of the femur.

Continuous

The method of drainage in relation to injection in which both injection and drainage are allowed to flow freely throughout the operation is the ___________ method. alternate intermittent continuous interrupted

Distribution

The movement of embalming solutions from the point of injection through the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins is called osmosis. diffusion. dialysis. distribution.

Osmosis

The passage of water from the capillaries into the intercellular spaces due to attraction by solutes in the interstitial fluid is referred to as ___. osmosis. diffusion. distribution. pressure filtration.

Restricted Cervical Injection

The process of injection and drainage in which both common carotids are raised and injected simultaneously while the amount of fluid is controlled by the embalmer to balance each side of the face is referred to as ___. restricted cervical injection. split injection. cross injection. tandem injection.

hinders the embalming operation.

The progression of postmortem changes generally improves the embalming operation. hinders the embalming operation. has no effect on the embalming operation. starts long before death

Decomposition

The separation of body compounds into simpler substances is called desiccation. hypostasis. decomposition. algor mortis.

Hypostsis

The settling of the blood to the dependent part of the body is known as algor mortis. rigor mortis. hypostasis. postmortem stain.

98 degrees Fahrenheit

The temperature at which decomposition of the human body progresses most rapidly is: 212 degrees Fahrenheit. 98 degrees Fahrenheit 32 degrees Fahrenheit. 98.6 degrees Celsius.

Postmortem Caloricity

The temporary rise in body temperature after death is called: postmortem caloricity. postmortem hypostasis. autolysis. livor mortis.

Sternoclavicular articulation and the lobe of the ear

The two points which define the linear guide for the right common carotid artery are center of the base of the axillary space and the center of the forearm. center of the antecubital fossa and the center of the base of the index finger. sternoclavicular articulation and the lobe of the ear. center of the inguinal ligament and the center of the medial condyle of the femur.

Lateral

The ulnar artery lies along the ___________ border of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. medial lateral posterior inferior

Femoral

Through the center of the femoral triangle bordered laterally by the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle, is the anatomical guide for the ___________ artery. axillary femoral iliac radial

intrinsic or extrinsic

Variable factors encountered with every dead body are classified as intrinsic or extrinsic. hypertonic or hypotonic. chronic or acute. firm and dry.

16

What index fluid must you use to have 2 gallons of diluted fluid with a strength of 1% if you use 16 oz. of concentrated fluid? 16 18 20 25

Dehydration of the superficial tissue

What is the effect of a fan blowing a current of air over a dead human body? Edema of the superficial tissue Dehydration of the superficial tissue Emphysema of the pulmonary system A bronze discoloration of the superficial tissue

1,75 index

What is the index of the injection solution made by using 32 ounces of a 28 index fluid diluted with water to make 4 gallons of solution? 1.75 index 1.65 index 3.50 index 1.95 index

vein lies medial and deep

What is the location of the femoral vein in relation to the femoral artery? the vein lies medial and deep the vein lies lateral and superficial the vein lies immediately posterior the vein lies immediately anterior

White

What is the normal color of a nerve? Blue Cream White Red

It can act as a preservative/disinfectant

What is the purpose of phenol in embalming fluids? It can act as preservative/disinfectant It can act as an anticoagulant/water conditioner It can balance the acid-base contents of the body tissue It can reduce the surface tension of the vehicle in the fluid

Proteins

What substance undergoes the process of decay by aerobic bacterial enzymes? Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Bone

Abdominal

What type of autopsy consists of the examination of the gastrointestinal tract below the diaphragm? Cranial Complete Thoracic Abdominal

Isotonic solution

What type of solutions can be placed on opposite sides of a semi-permeable membrane without either solution attracting solvent from the other solution across the membrane? Hypotonic solutions Hypertonic solutions Isotonic solutions Strong solutions

Massage cream

When preparing the infant case, which of the following is recommended to be applied to the tissues of the visible parts of the body during embalming? Colloidion Cavity fluid pack Massage cream Baby powder

More stringent than usual

When preparing the primary dilution for an edematous case, the solution should be milder than usual. more astringent than usual. the same strength as for the normal case. isotonic.

Remove loose integument before embalming

When treating blisters, three of these choices are proper procedures. Select the one which is NOT accepted as proper technique. Puncture and drain blisters before embalming Remove loose skin after embalming observe color change in the affected areas Remove loose integument before embalming

All of these

When treating pustular or ulcerative lesions, which of the following should be done? aspirate pus from the pustule. swab pocket of aspirated lesion with disinfectant. apply surface compresses. all of these.

In the neck

Where is the common carotid artery found? In the cranium In the torso In the neck In the pelvic cavity

Ulnar

Which artery can be located along a line from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth digits of the hand? Ulnar Radial Brachial Axillary

Radial

Which artery should be raised and injected to facilitate the embalming of the body between the antecubital fossa and the wrist? Axillary Subclavian Radial Femoral

Femoral artery

Which blood vessel is the continuation of the external iliac artery? Axillary artery Femoral artery Internal iliac artery Common iliac artery

Radial artery

Which blood vessel lies just lateral of the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle? Radial artery Ulnar artery Brachial artery Superficial palmar artery

Brachial artery

Which of the blood vessels is located posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle? Brachial artery Axillary artery Femoral artery Common carotid artery

Pack application

Which of the following are liquids or gels that help treat skin slip, gangrene and surface ulcerations? Mold preventatives Embalming powders Hardening compounds Pack applications

Amino acids

Which of the following are the product of the breaking of peptide bonds? Fatty acids Amino acids benzene ATP

Superior vena cava

Which of the following blood vessels is NOT suitable for the injection of arterial fluids into a small infant? Arch of the aorta Abdominal aorta Ascending aorta Superior vena cava

rupture of erythrocytes

Which of the following causes a post-mortem extravascular blood discoloration? rupture of erythrocytes Carbon monoxide poisoning Active capillary congestion Ecchymosis

Vehicle

Which of the following classifications serves as the medium in which the many ingredients of an embalming fluid are dissolved? Buffer Vehicle Surfactant Reodorant

peritoitis

Which of the following conditions would predispose a dead human body to rapid decomposition? Refrigeration Dehydration Peritonitis Hemorrhage

Extravascular factors

Which of the following factors is NOT encountered in every dead human body? Extrinsic factors Intrinsic factors Intravascular factors Extravascular factors

High formaldehyde content

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a jaundice fluid? contains little or no formaldehyde Contains bleaching agents Contains dye High formaldehyde content

Low moisture content

Which of the following is NOT a complication of an edematous body? Distention of tissues Secondary fluid dilution Possible skin slip Low moisture content

Hydroaspirator

Which of the following is NOT a method of obtaining pressure for injection of arterial fluid? Hand pump Gravity percolator Hydroaspirator Pressure machine

Secure jaws in position

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of massage cream? Clean tissue pores Retard dehydration Secure the jaws in position Prevent friction during massage

Desiccation

Which of the following is NOT classified as a chemical change? Decomposition Desiccation combustion release of rigor mortis

Paraformaldehyde

Which of the following is a disinfectant and preservative found in autopsy powders? Paraformaldehyde Plaster of paris Whiting alum

Embolism

Which of the following is an example of an intravascular resistance to fluid distribution? Tumors Pregnancy Embolism Weight of viscera

Color change

Which of the following is the most reliable sign of fluid distribution in any region of the body surface? color change Tissue distention Loss of elasticity of the vessels dilute venous drainage

Double intradermal stitch

Which of the following suture patterns involves the use of two needles? Lock stitch Baseball stitch Worm stitch Double intradermal stitch

Lower than average pressure, slow rate of flow

Which of the following treatments should be used when intravascular difficulties are manifested during the embalming process? Small injection volume, high index Higher than average pressure, rapid rate of flow Lower than average pressure, slow rate of flow Higher than average pressure, slow rate of flow

High pressure injection

Which of the following treatments would NOT be recommended for the treatment of intravascular difficulties? Slow rate of flow under low pressure Care in raising vessels High pressure injection Drainage aids

Large volume of a dilute solution

Which of the following treatments would be used for the embalming of dehydrated body? Large volume of a dilute solution Small volume of a dilute solution Large volume of an astringent solution Small volume of an astringent solution

Arthritis

Which of the following would NOT be a condition that predisposes purge? ruptured hemorrhoids arthritis drowning peptic ulcers

Temperature of the body

Which of the following would NOT influence the choice of the artery to be used in embalming? ' The age of the deceased The depth of the blood vessels The temperature of the body The distance of the selected vessel from the center of circulation

Axillary artery

Which of these blood vessels is the origin of the brachial artery? Subclavian artery Radial artery Axillary artery Ulnar artery

Supraclavicular incision

Which of these incisions is located along the superior border of the medial one-third of the clavicle? Longitudinal incision Supraclavicular incision Transverse incision Parallel incision

Arterial tube

Which of these instruments is inserted into an artery to facilitate the introduction of arterial fluid? Spring forceps Aneurysm needle Arterial tube Needle injector

To create dehydration

Which of these is NOT a purpose for blood drainage? To remove intravascular discolorations To prevent distention To retard post-embalming decomposition To create dehydration

It will help retard the coagulation of protein

Which of these is NOT an expressed purpose for the use of massage cream on the body? It will retard dehydration It will help retard the coagulation of protein Its application can help stimulate circulation It can be used as a base for cosmetics

Benzaldehyde

Which of these is an example of a perfuming agent? Carbolic acid Ponceau Benzaldehyde Sodium lauryl sulfate

Bone

Which of these is the last of the body compounds to decompose? Carbohydrates Bone Proteins Fats

It is the first injection solution to be used

Which of these is the more accurate description of the pre-injection solution? It is the first injection solution to be used It is the second injection solution to be used It is a co-injection solution It is primary dilution

Paraformaldehyde

Which of these is the most commonly used disinfectant and preservative chemical agent in hardening compounds? Plaster of Paris Clay Benzaldehyde Paraformaldehyde

Paraformaldehyde

Which of these is the solid state of formaldehyde?

Whip or roll stitch

Which of these sutures is NOT suited for closing an incision on an exposed area of the body? Single intradermal stitch Subcutaneous stitch Whip or roll stitch Double intradermal stitch

Internal jugular vein

Which vein is considered to be the companion to the common carotid artery? External jugular vein Internal jugular vein Subclavian vein Vertebral vein

Potential pressure

With the embalming machine turned on and the rate of flow valve closed, the type of pressure being shown on the pressure gauge is potential pressure. differential pressure. actual pressure. practical pressure.