EMS Chapter 1 - EMS Systems

What Year was the white paper, ADD (Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society published?)

1966

AEMT course requires how many hours?

200 - 400 hours

Public Safety Access Point

A call center, staffed by trained personnel who are responsible for managing requests for police, fire, and ambulance services.

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

A device that detects treatable life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient.

National EMS Scope of Practice Model

A document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers.

Community Paramedicine

A health care model in which experienced paramedics receive advanced training to equip them to provide additional services in the prehospital environment, such as health evaluations, monitoring of chronic illnesses or conditions, and patient advocacy.

Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH)

A method of delivering health care which involves providing health care within the community rather than at a physician's office or hospital.

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals and agencies to provide prehospital emergency care to the sick and injured.

Certification

A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care.

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system.

Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD)

A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to a particular call for assistance and provides callers with vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews.

Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)

Comprehensive legislation that is designed to protect people with disabilities against discrimination.

Is a circular system of continuous internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system

Continuous quality improvement

EMT course requires how many hours?

Course requires approximately 150 hours (more in some states) and provides essential knowledge and skills required to provide basic emergency care in the field.

Ch 1: Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers? Select one: A. Needle decompression B. Multilumen airways C. Automatic transport ventilators D. Automated external defibrillator

D. Automated external defibrillator

Ch 1: Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on __________. Select one: A. an EMS agency's fiscal resources B. the opinions of physicians C. the experiences of EMTs D. EMS research

D. EMS research

Ch 1: What should an EMT do to limit errors in the field? Select one: A. Carry an EMT text for reference at all times. B. Deviate from established standards when necessary. C. Contact medical direction before initiating any treatments. D. Follow the agency's written protocols.

D. Follow the agency's written protocols.

Ch 1: Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) model? Select one: A. Paramedics pick up a patient from an acute care clinic B. EMTs assess a patient whose lung disease is "acting up" C. EMTs respond to a woman who complains of high fever D. The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination

D. The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination

Ch 1: The ability to understand others and have them understand you is known as __________. Select one: A. teamwork and diplomacy B. scene leadership C. self-confidence D. communication

D. communication

American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. Select one: A. theories ready for field trial B. trends in the EMS community C. opinions from a core group of cardiologists D. evidence-based research

D. evidence-based research

Ch 1: As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: Select one: A. the transport time to the hospital. B. an order from a paramedic. C. the patient's condition. D. medical director approval.

D. medical director approval.

Ch 1: Online medical control requires __________. Select one: A. a physician's presence on the scene of the call B. written protocols approved by medical control C. the presence of an advanced-level provider D. phone or radio contact with the medical director

D. phone or radio contact with the medical director

Ch 1: The ability to take appropriate action with little direction is known as __________. Select one: A. self-confidence B. time management C. diplomacy D. self-motivation

D. self-motivation

Ch 1: The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called __________. Select one: A. patient empathy B. integrity C. patient advocacy D. time management

D. time management

Ch. 1 Which organization developed and published the first curriculum that served as the guideline for EMT training? Department of Transportation (DOT) Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) National Academy of Sciences Occupational Safety and Heath Administration (OSHA)

DOT

Which organization developed and published the first curriculum that served as the guideline for EMT training?

Department of Transportation (DOT developed and published the first curriculum that served as the guideline for EMT training in the early 1970s.)

Ch. 1 At what level is an individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications? EMR EMT AEMT Paramedic

EMT

Secondary Prevention

Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that you cannot completely prevent.

Primary Prevention

Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring.

What involves federal legislation concerning patient confidentiality.

HIPAA

Describe the EMT's role in the EMS system

Has training in basic life support (BLS), including airway adjuncts, and assisting patients with certain medications.

Which of the following statements about health care in the United States is true?

Health care in the United States is expensive but does not necessarily provide better health outcomes.

Which of the following is true of medical control?

It may be written or "standing orders"

Each EMS system has a physician called _____ who authorizes the EMTS in the service to provide medical care in the field

Medical Director

Who authorizes you, as an EMT, to provide emergency care to a patient?

Medical Director

A document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers

National EMS Scope of Practice Model

Ch. 1 Which of the following agencies is the source of the EMS Agenda for the Future, the multidisciplinary national review of all aspects of EMS delivery? Department of Health and Human Services National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Federal Emergency Management Agency Department of Transportation

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

The first trained professional such as a police officer, firefighter, lifeguard, or other rescuer, to arrive at the scene of an emergency to provide initial medical assistance.

Medical Director

The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field.

Licensure

The process whereby a competent authority, usually the state, allows people to perform a regulated act.

Quality Control

The responsibility of the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call.

Ch. 1 Which of the following entities controls licensure of EMTs? Community health organizations The state in which the EMT practices The federal government The medical director

The state in which the EMT practices

What entity controls licensure of EMTs?

The state in which the EMT practices

What is the major goal of continuous quality improvement?

To ensure the public receives the highest standard of care

What is the purpose for providing Mobile Integrated Healthcare?

To facilitate improved access to health care at an affordable price -MIH

BLS

basic lifesaving interventions, such as CPR

Ch 1: You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to __________. Select one: a. the state motor vehicle department b. law enforcement personnel c. the receiving nurse or doctor d. your medical director

c. the receiving nurse or doctor

Certification exam

used to ensure all health care providers have at least the same basic level of knowledge and skill

Ch 1: Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)? Select one: A. A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured B. A team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to critically injured patients C. A system composed exclusively of emergency medical responders (EMRs) and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who are responsible for providing care to sick and injured patients D. A vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting

A. A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

Ch 1: The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: Select one: A. EMS research. B. regional trauma guidelines. C. the lead EMT's decision. D. local protocols.

A. EMS research.

Ch 1: The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patient's privacy according to _____________. Select one: A. HIPAA B. CQI C. APGAR D. DCAP

A. HIPAA

Ch 1: Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? Select one: A. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing. B. EMS training standards are regulated by the NREMT. C. The NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs. D. The NREMT is the exclusive certifying body for EMTs.

A. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing. Correct

While you perform CPR on a patient, your partner retreived the _________, which will deliver an appropriate electrical shock.

AED

While you checked the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation, your partner considered the benefits of requesting an __________ ambulance to assist with patient care

ALS

Advanced Life Support (ALS)

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT.

Paramedic

An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills.

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

An individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications.

Advanced EMT (AEMT)

An individual who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications.

Ch. 1 Which of the following is the process in which a person, institution, or program is evaluated and recognized as meeting predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care? Continuous quality improvement Certification Licensure Medical Control

Certification

One of the most dramatic recent developments in the prehospital emergency care is the use of an ______

Automated External Defibrillator

Ch 1: Which of the following courses requires about 150 hours of training? Select one: A. EMR B. EMT C. AEMT D. Paramedic

B. EMT

Ch 1: What is an EMT's primary service area? Select one: A. The only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care B. The main area in which the EMS agency operates C. The location where the EMT provides essential care during a 9-1-1 call D. The area serviced by the EMT's medical director

B. The main area in which the EMS agency operates

Ch 1: You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of __________. Select one: A. abuse of authority B. patient advocacy C. scope of practice D. undue hardship

B. patient advocacy

Ch 1: National guidelines for EMS care are intended to __________. Select one: A. reduce expenses at the local and state levels B. provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States C. facilitate a national EMS labor group D. unify EMS providers under a single medical director

B. provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States

Ch 1: Which of the following statements regarding the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? Select one: A. The minimum number of hours required to successfully complete an EMT course is less for candidates who are disabled. B. The ADA applies only to individuals with a diagnosed and well-documented physical disability. C. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled. D. According to the ADA, EMT candidates with a documented disability are exempt from taking the NREMT exam.

C. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled.

What is the primary means of determining if changes need to be made in patient care?

Evidence-based research

Public Health

Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations with the goal of preventing health problems.

Paramedic course requires how many hours?

From 1,000 to more than 1,300 hours

Describe the two basic types of medical direction that help the EMT provide care

Online: medical direction is provided through radio or telephone connections between the EMT and the medical control facility. Offline: medical direction is provided through written protocols, training, and standing orders.

What level of training would allow you to perform cardiac monitoring and advanced life support on a patient?

Paramedic

Medical Control

Physician instruction given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program.

Ch.1 Public health examines the health needs of entire populations. In the United States, public health focuses on education and what else? Prevention Treatment Surveillance Evaluation

Prevention

Public health examines the health needs of entire populations. In the US, public health focuses on education and what else?

Prevention. Education and Prevention

The primary ________ area is the main area in which an EMS agency operates

Primary Service area

In order to treat a patient, what will you need to follow?

Protocols

Ch. 1 Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention? Providing cervical spine immobilization Administering vaccines Teaching safety in schools Legislating the use of seat belts

Providing cervical spine immobilization

Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations with the goal of preventing health problems.

Public Health

a 9-1-1 dispatch/call center, staffed by trained personnel who are responsible for police, fire, and ambulance services is called a public safety _____ ______-

Public Safety access point (PSAP)

Ch. 1 The responsibility of the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call is called what? Medical control Quality control Continuous quality improvement Primary prevention

Quality control

What role has the US department of Transportation played in the development of EMS?

The Department of Transportation has developed a series of guidelines, curricula, funding sources, and assessment tools designed to develop and improve EMS in the United States.

What agency is the source of the EMS Agenda for the Future, the multidisciplinary national review of all aspects of EMS delivery?

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is the source of the EMS Agenda for the Future.

Intravenous (IV) Therapy

The delivery of medication directly into a vein.

Primary Service Area (PSA)

The designated area in which the EMS service is responsible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital.

List roles and/or responsibilities of being an EMT

keep vehicles and equipment ready for an emergency ensure the safety of yourself, your partner, the patient, and bystanders. Emergency vehicle operation Be an on-scene leader. Perform an evaluation of the scene. Call for additional resources as needed. Gain patient access. Perform a patient assessment. Give emergency medical care to the patient. Only move patients when absolutely necessary to preserve life Give emotional support to the patient, the patient's family, and other responders. Maintain continuity of care by working with other medical professionals Resolve emergency incidents Uphold medical and legal standards Ensure and protect patient privacy Provide administrative support Constantly continue your professional development Cultivate and sustain community relations Give back to the profession.