EMT 1-8 exam
"Gastro" in the word "gastroenteritis" means: Select one: A. stomach. B. intestine. C. tongue. D. bowel.
A
The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the: Select one: A. dorsalis pedis. B. posterior tibial. C. anterior tibial. D. ventral pedis.
A
The body's backup system of respiratory control, which is based on low concentrations of oxygen in the blood, is called the: Select one: A. hypoxic drive. B. oxyhemoglobin drive. C. hypocarbic drive. D. pneumotaxic drive.
A
The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the: Select one: A. sinoatrial node. B. atrioventricular node. C. Purkinje fibers. D. bundle of His.
A
The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: Select one: A. family history of hepatitis. B. vaccine safety and efficacy. C. postvaccine antibody titers. D. record keeping and tracking.
A
The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the: Select one: A. scapula. B. glenoid. C. acromion. D. clavicle.
A
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the: Select one: A. pulmonary veins. B. inferior venae cavae. C. superior venae cavae. D. pulmonary arteries.
A
The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the: Select one: A. aorta. B. brachial. C. femoral. D. carotid
A
The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: Select one: A. shrinkage of the brain. B. blood vessel dilation. C. a decrease in neurons. D. meningeal deterioration.
A
There are ______ cervical vertabrae
7
Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure? Select one: A. Rubella B. Syphilis C. Mumps D. Chickenpox
B
As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: Select one: A. the patient's condition. B. an order from a paramedic. C. medical director approval. D. the transport time to the hospital
C
Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? Select one: A. Cecum B. Liver C. Stomach D. Spleen
D
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: Select one: A. the inner layers of the aorta become separated. B. a weakened area develops in the aortic wall. C. the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding. D. all layers of the aorta suddenly contract.
a
The ________ is used for patients with no suspected spinal injury who are found lying supine on the ground.
direct ground lift
A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: Select one: A. retreat and notify law enforcement personnel. B. subdue the family member until the police arrive. C. tell the family member that it is not your fault. D. ignore the family member and assess the patient.
A
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: Select one: A. the inner layers of the aorta become separated. B. a weakened area develops in the aortic wall. C. the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding. D. all layers of the aorta suddenly contract.
A
A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: Select one: A. ventricular contraction. B. atrial contraction. C. ventricular filling. D. ventricular relaxation
A
A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause? Select one: A. Obstructive B. Neurogenic C. Cardiogenic D. Hypovolemic
A
According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must: Select one: A. offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure. B. guarantee a 100% risk-free environment prior to employment. C. provide gloves and other personal protective equipment to full-time paid employees only. D. screen all prospective employees for blood-borne pathogens.
A
An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient? Select one: A. Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard. B. Apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher. C. Move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding. D. Immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps
A
An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the: Select one: A. back is bent forward at the hips B. hands are held close to the legs. C. shoulder is aligned over the pelvis. D. force is exerted straight down the spine.
A
An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because: Select one: A. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible. B. the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position. C. the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat. D. he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse.
A
An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. B. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. C. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. D. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age
A
At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? Select one: A. 10 to 18 months B. 24 to 36 months C. 18 to 24 months D. 6 to 8 months
A
During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should: Select one: A. stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine. B. perform a focused physical exam with emphasis on the pelvis. C. log roll the patient onto a long backboard and transport at once. D. defer spinal immobilization and transport to a trauma center.
A
During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should: Select one: A. stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine. B. perform a focused physical exam with emphasis on the pelvis. C. log roll the patient onto a long backboard and transport at once. D. defer spinal immobilization and transport to a trauma center.
A
In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor: Select one: A. is self-supporting and lives by him- or herself. B. possesses a valid driver's license. C. has a poor relationship with his or her parents. D. is mentally competent and able to refuse.
A
In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by: Select one: A. pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot. B. retracting the undercarriage and carrying the stretcher to the ambulance. C. slightly lifting the stretcher to prevent unnecessary patient movement. D. pushing the foot of the stretcher while your partner guides the head.
A
Online medical control requires __________. Select one: A. phone or radio contact with the medical director B. the presence of an advanced-level provider C. a physician's presence on the scene of the call D. written protocols approved by medical control
A
Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called: Select one: A. diffusion. B. ventilation. C. breathing. D. osmosis.
A
To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other object, you should: Select one: A. avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended. B. push the patient from an overhead position if possible. C. kneel if you are pushing an object that is above waist level. D. push from the area of your body between the knees and hips.
A
Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances. Select one: A. occipital B. parietal C. frontal D. temporal
A
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: Select one: A. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. B. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag. C. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board. D. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient.
A
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you note that two small cars collided head-on; the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should: Select one: A. put on high-visibility safety vests. B. assist with vehicle stabilization. C. quickly begin the triage process. D. report to the incident commander.
A
What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? Select one: A. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. B. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. C. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. D. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease.
A
What is the function of platelets? Select one: A. Initial formation of a blood clot B. Transport of cellular waste materials C. Transport of oxygen and nutrients D. Defense against invading organisms
A
Which layer of the skin is composed of fatty tissue and serves as an insulator for the body? Select one: A. Subcutaneous B. Sebaceous C. Epidermis D. Dermal
A
Which of the following are central pulses? Select one: A. Femoral and carotid B. Temporal and pedal C. Popliteal and ulnar D. Brachial and radial
A
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult? Select one: A. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement B. Cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles C. Respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume D. Use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis
A
Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? Select one: A. Secondary sexual development begins. B. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. C. The systolic blood pressure decreases. D. Muscle and bone growth both decrease
A
Which of the following patients has decision-making capacity and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment? Select one: A. A conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain B. A diabetic woman who has slurred speech and is not aware of the date C. A man who is staggering and states that he had three beers D. A confused young male who says he is the president
A
Which of the following statements regarding agonal respirations is correct? Select one: A. Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted. B. Agonal respirations are characterized by fast, irregular breaths. C. Agonal respirations typically occur before the heart stops. D. Agonal respirations result in excessive tidal volume.
A
Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? Select one: A. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment. B. The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move. C. It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient. D. The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move.
A
Which of the following veins is located inferior to the trunk? Select one: A. Saphenous B. Axillary C. Subclavian D. Cephalic
A
Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system? Select one: A. Sensory B. Vertebral C. Cranial D. Motor
A
Which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe? Select one: A. Off-line B. Radio C. Direct D. Online
A
While transporting a woman with diabetes, you inadvertently give her oral glucose even though her blood glucose level was high. You reassess the patient and note that her condition did not change; she remained stable. You should: Select one: A. contact medical control and notify them of the error. B. notify law enforcement so they can file an incident report. C. document the error and report it to your supervisor. D. exclude this intervention from the PCR because it did not harm the patient.
A
Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? Select one: A. Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production B. Increased physical activity, increased food intake, and increased insulin production C. Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels D. Decreased food intake, decreased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels
A
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should: Select one: A. have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased. B. request the fire department to extricate the patient so you can begin CPR. C. stop any active bleeding and advise dispatch to send a paramedic crew. D. ventilate the patient for 5 minutes and then stop if there is no response.
A
You are attending to a 34-year-old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750 pounds. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for: Select one: A. increased patient comfort and dignity. B. better stability when moving the patient on uneven ground. C. increased lifting capacity and patient weight load. D. increased stability and leverage when lifting with more than two providers.
A
You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patient's family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicating Do Not Resuscitate. You should: Select one: A. confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet. B. initiate resuscitation in the absence of paperwork. C. transport with minimal care. D. confirm the patient's identity and honor the DNR order.
A
You are caring for a 56-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain. Your service has recently switched to an electronic PCR system (ePCR). When completing the ePCR, it is important to be aware that: Select one: A. the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers. B. the ePCR does not contain the same level of information as the written version and your verbal report should be expanded. C. the ePCR is relatively unsecured and should not contain patient-specific information. D. a written patient care record will need to be completed on arrival at the hospital.
A
You respond to the home of a 59-year-old man who is unconscious; has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should: Select one: A. begin treatment and contact medical control as needed. B. honor the patient's wishes and withhold all treatment. C. transport the patient without providing any treatment. D. decide on further action once the DNR order is produced.
A
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: Select one: A. nitrogen. B. heat. C. oxygen. D. lactic acid.
B
According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT would require special permission from the medical director and the state EMS office to: Select one: A. use an automatic transport ventilator. B. insert a peripheral intravenous catheter. C. apply and interpret data from a pulse oximeter. D. give aspirin to a patient with chest pain. Incorrect
B
All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain? Select one: A. Gray matter B. Brain stem C. Cerebellum D. Cerebrum
B
American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. Select one: A. trends in the EMS community B. evidence-based research C. theories ready for field trial D. opinions from a core group of cardiologists
B
An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because: Select one: A. the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat. B. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible. C. he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse. D. the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position.
B
Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. Select one: A. dilation of the arteries B. the blockage of a coronary artery C. constriction of the blood vessels D. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels
B
Carbon monoxide blocks the ability of the blood to oxygenate the body because it: Select one: A. causes the body to expel too much carbon dioxide. B. binds with the hemoglobin in red blood cells. C. fills the alveoli in the lungs with thick secretions. D. destroys the number of circulating red blood cells.
B
Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used: Select one: A. during routine cleaning of the ambulance. B. when performing endotracheal intubation. C. while handling needles or other sharps. D. whenever you touch nonintact skin.
B
Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used: Select one: A. while handling needles or other sharps. B. when performing endotracheal intubation. C. whenever you touch nonintact skin. D. during routine cleaning of the ambulance.
B
In contrast to abruptio placenta, placenta previa: Select one: A. is typically associated with severe abdominal pain. B. may not present with heavy vaginal bleeding. C. may present without significant abdominal pain. D. is caused by hypertension or abdominal trauma.
B
In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air: Select one: A. decreases, resulting in widespread collapsing of the alveoli and impaired diffusion of gases. B. increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli. C. decreases, which increases diffusion in the lungs and causes an accumulation of carbon dioxide. D. remains unchanged because the lungs have become accustomed to years of breathing pollution.
B
Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include: Select one: A. acetylcholine and insulin. B. epinephrine and norepinephrine. C. norepinephrine and acetylcholine. D. glucagon and noradrenaline.
B
Older adults frequently ___________. Select one: A. are unable to overcome medical problems B. take multiple medications C. are able to increase their muscle mass D. experience a decrease in body fat as they age
B
Patients who become dependent upon EMS personnel or other health care providers often feel: Select one: A. superior. B. shamed. C. relieved. D. hopeful.
B
Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism. B. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. C. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. D. increase in muscle strength and reflexes.
B
Shortly after you load your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. The patient is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct? Select one: A. Because of your suspicions, the best approach is to transport him to the hospital. B. A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time. C. Once the patient is in the ambulance, he cannot legally refuse EMS treatment. D. Any patient who refuses EMS treatment must legally sign a patient refusal form.
B
Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. bilaterally clear breath sounds. B. a reduction in tidal volume. C. rhythmic inhalation and exhalation. D. respirations of 18 breaths/min.
B
The __________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Select one: A. pancreas B. liver C. stomach D. spleen
B
The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of: Select one: A. 6 and 8 months. B. 9 and 18 months. C. 3 and 4 months. D. 7 and 14 months.
B
The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the: Select one: A. sacroiliac joint. B. greater trochanter. C. sacral symphysis. D. iliac crest.
B
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during: Select one: A. exhalation. B. inhalation. C. ventilation. D. respiration.
B
The direct carry is used to transfer a patient: Select one: A. who cannot be placed on a backboard. B. from a bed to the ambulance stretcher. C. with multiple long bone injuries. D. with a possible cervical spine injury.
B
The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the: Select one: A. arteries. B. capillaries. C. venules. D. arterioles.
B
The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: Select one: A. vaccine safety and efficacy. B. family history of hepatitis. C. record keeping and tracking. D. postvaccine antibody titers.
B
The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the: Select one: A. sternal notch. B. xiphoid process. C. jugular notch. D. angle of Louis.
B
The part of the brain that controls the left side of the body is the: Select one: A. left-side cerebrum. B. right-side cerebrum. C. right temporal lobe. D. left parietal lobe.
B
To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should: Select one: A. avoid the use of log rolls or body drags. B. keep the weight as close to your body as possible. C. use a direct carry whenever possible. D. flex at the waist instead of the hips.
B
Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column? Select one: A. Lumbar B. Thoracic C. Coccyx D. Sacral
B
Upon delivery of an infant's head, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. You should: Select one: A. provide free-flow oxygen to the infant and transport. B. attempt to slip the cord gently over the infant's head. C. immediately clamp and cut the umbilical cord. D. give high-flow oxygen to the mother and transport.
B
Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: Select one: A. urethra. B. ureters. C. prostate. D. renal duct
B
When a woman presents with abdominal pain or other vague symptoms, the EMT is often unable to determine the nature of the problem until he or she: Select one: A. has obtained a complete set of vital signs. B. has gathered patient history information. C. ascertains if the patient was ever pregnant. D. has formed a general impression of the patient
B
When caring for a 65-year-old male with respiratory distress, you place him in a comfortable position but do not apply oxygen. The patient's condition continues to deteriorate and he develops cardiac arrest and dies at the hospital. This scenario is an example of: Select one: A. assault. B. negligence. C. abandonment. D. battery.
B
When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid: Select one: A. the use of a long backboard or scoop stretcher. B. using a wheeled stretcher whenever possible. C. flexing your body at the knees. D. the use of more than two EMTs.
B
When performing his or her duties, the EMT is generally expected to: Select one: A. contact medical control on every EMS call. B. exercise reasonable care and act prudently. C. function above his or her scope of practice. D. consistently exceed the standard of care.
B
When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ________ in front of your torso. Select one: A. 5 to 10 inches B. 15 to 20 inches C. 20 to 30 inches D. 10 to 15 inches
B
When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. B. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. C. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. D. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells.
B
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely affect the entire brain? Select one: A. Ruptured cerebral artery in the occipital lobe B. Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest C. Reduced blood supply to the left hemisphere D. Blocked cerebral artery in the frontal lobe
B
Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? Select one: A. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. B. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. C. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body. D. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch
B
Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system? Select one: A. It circulates waste products of metabolism away from cells. B. Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body. C. It circulates oxygen, nutrients and hormones to the cells. D. It relies on muscle movement to circulate lymph.
B
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? Select one: A. Portable stretcher B. Long backboard C. Wheeled stretcher D. Scoop stretcher
B
Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct? Select one: A. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month. B. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's. C. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg. D. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min.
B
Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction? Select one: A. The patient's general physical appearance B. The environment in which the patient is found C. The time of year in which the exposure occurred D. The patient's family history
B
While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe? Select one: A. Direct contact B. Indirect contact C. Airborne transmission D. Vector-borne transmission
B
While transporting a stable patient with chest pain to the hospital, you come across a major motor vehicle crash involving several critically injured patients. You should: Select one: A. ask a bystander to remain with your patient as you treat the crash victims. B. continue transporting your patient and notify the dispatcher of the crash. C. remain at the scene until law enforcement and another ambulance arrive. D. stop and triage the patients while your partner remains in the ambulance.
B
You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she: Select one: A. will readily allow you to separate her from her mother. B. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. C. is unable to track your movements with her eyes. D. has bulging fontanelles secondary to severe dehydration.
B
You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a shooting. Law enforcement personnel are present and have the suspect in custody. You find the patient lying in a narrow space between the couch and coffee table of his small apartment. He is semiconscious and has a large gunshot wound to his chest. You should: Select one: A. treat the patient where he is so that you do not destroy any evidence. B. quickly move the coffee table so you can access and treat the patient. C. drag the patient into a larger area so that you can begin treatment. D. obtain permission from law enforcement before moving anything.
B
A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ________ hours following the incident. Select one: A. 6 B. 12 C. 72 D. 24
C
A patient with an altered mental status is: Select one: A. completely unresponsive to all forms of stimuli. B. usually able to be aroused with a painful stimulus. C. not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused. D. typically alert but is confused as to preceding events.
C
Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: Select one: A. severe hyperventilation. B. an upper airway infection. C. toxic chemical inhalation. D. right-sided heart failure
C
An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: Select one: A. slide a scoop stretcher under his buttocks and rotate him laterally. B. perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment and apply a cervical collar. C. apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device. D. maintain manual stabilization of his head and grasp him by the clothes.
C
Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because: Select one: A. available blood is shunted off to another venule while still carrying oxygen. B. high levels of oxygen remain in the cells and can cause significant damage. C. waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells. D. carbon dioxide and other waste can enter the cells, but oxygen cannot.
C
Cardiac monitoring, pharmacologic interventions, and other advanced treatment skills are functions of the: Select one: A. AEMT. B. EMT. C. paramedic. D. EMR.
C
Communicating with patients who are deaf or hard-of-hearing can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response. B. placing yourself in a position to ensure that the patient can see your lips. C. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation. D. shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment
C
Communicating with patients who are deaf or hard-of-hearing can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response. B. placing yourself in a position to ensure that the patient can see your lips. C. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation. D. shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment.
C
Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the right atrium via the: Select one: A. coronary sinus vein. B. common iliac vein. C. inferior vena cava. D. superior vena cava.
C
During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with the staff of your EMS system. You identify the patient's name, age, and sex, and then discuss the treatment that was provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you: Select one: A. adequately safeguarded the patient's PHI because the cases were discussed internally. B. violated the patient's privacy because you should have discussed the information only with the EMTs involved. C. are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand. D. acted appropriately but must have each EMT sign a waiver stating that he or she will not discuss the cases with others.
C
EMT training in nearly every state meets or exceeds the guidelines recommended by the: Select one: A. National Registry of EMTs. B. National Association of EMTs. C. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) D. individual state's EMS protocols.
C
In contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin-induced hepatitis: Select one: A. typically does not cause yellow skin. B. can be prevented with a vaccination. C. is not a communicable disease. D. is a far more transmittable disease.
C
In supine patients with a head injury, the head should be elevated _____ to help reduce intracranial pressure. Select one: A. 20 degrees B. 40 degrees C. 30 degrees D. 10 degrees
C
In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? Select one: A. A bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing. B. The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty. C. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change. D. The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends.
C
In which of the following situations would a direct ground lift be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient? Select one: A. A pedestrian with back pain after being struck by a car B. A patient who complains of hip pain following a fall C. A conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain D. An unconscious patient with a possible ischemic stroke
C
Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include: Select one: A. making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later. B. quickly moving any weapons out of the patient's sight. C. not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons. D. placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive.
C
Negative-pressure breathing involves: Select one: A. relaxing the respiratory muscles. B. pushing or forcing air into the lungs. C. a drop in pressure within the chest cavity. D. increasing airway resistance during breathing.
C
Prior to assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, the EMT must: Select one: A. ensure the medication is in tablet form. B. determine who prescribed the nitroglycerin. C. obtain authorization from medical control. D. wait at least 5 minutes after assessing the blood pressure.
C
Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. a patient who blocks access to another seriously injured patient. B. a patient whose condition requires immediate transport to the hospital. C. a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle. D. a patient who needs immediate care that requires a supine position.
C
Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in: Select one: A. increased cardiac contractility. B. increased heart rate. C. constriction of the blood vessels. D. dilation of the blood vessels.
C
The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the: Select one: A. local health district. B. EMS supervisor. C. medical director. D. state EMS office.
C
The MOST effective way to preserve your own body heat when functioning in cold, wet weather is to: Select one: A. wear a heavy, thick jacket or coat. B. avoid outer clothing with zippers. C. wear at least three layers of clothing. D. wear socks made of heavy-duty cotton
C
The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. Select one: A. occiput B. sphenoid C. orbit D. mastoid
C
The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. Select one: A. sutures B. ventricles C. fontanelles D. cranial valleys
C
The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: Select one: A. 80 beats/min. B. 90 beats/min. C. 70 beats/min. D. 60 beats/min.
C
The bones of the forearm are called the: Select one: A. tibia and radius. B. radius and humerus. C. radius and ulna. D. humerus and ulna.
C
The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the: Select one: A. spinous foramen. B. foramen ovale. C. foramen magnum. D. vertebral foramen.
C
The compliance-monitoring component of an infection control plan should: Select one: A. address issues such as medical waste collection, storage, and ambulance disinfection. B. consist of a list of tasks that pose a risk for contact with blood or other body fluids. C. ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important. D. identify who to notify after an exposure and where treatment should be provided.
C
The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to: Select one: A. hypotension. B. kidney failure. C. atherosclerosis. D. medication use.
C
The leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the: Select one: A. pharynx. B. uvula. C. epiglottis. D. vallecula.
C
The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the: Select one: A. sacrum and ischium. B. ilium, pubis, and sacrum. C. ilium, ischium, and pubis D. pubis and acetabulum.
C
The primary organ responsible for absorption of the products of digestion is the: Select one: A. gallbladder. B. pancreas. C. small intestine. D. large intestine.
C
The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to: Select one: A. lack of proper immunizations. B. noncompliance with standard precautions. C. careless handling of sharps. D. excessive blood splashing or splattering.
C
To facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should: Select one: A. speak softly but clearly to avoid startling the patient. B. never become involved in the move, only direct the move. C. use preparatory commands to initiate any moves. D. be positioned at the feet so the team can hear
C
To help protect patients, EMS agencies are required to have __________. Select one: A. an anonymous reporting system B. online access to patient records C. a privacy officer to answer questions D. public forums with their medical director
C
To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure __________. Select one: A. both arms at the patient's sides B. both arms above the head C. one arm above the head D. only the patient's torso
C
What is an EMT's primary service area? Select one: A. The location where the EMT provides essential care during a 9-1-1 call B. The only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care C. The main area in which the EMS agency operates D. The area serviced by the EMT's medical director
C
What should an EMT do to limit errors in the field? Select one: A. Contact medical direction before initiating any treatments. B. Carry an EMT text for reference at all times. C. Follow the agency's written protocols. D. Deviate from established standards when necessary.
C
When performing his or her duties, the EMT is generally expected to: Select one: A. contact medical control on every EMS call. B. function above his or her scope of practice. C. exercise reasonable care and act prudently. D. consistently exceed the standard of care
C
When you and your partner arrive at the residence of a man in cardiac arrest, you immediately recognize the patient as the drunk driver who killed your brother several years earlier. A backup ambulance is en route to the scene. You should: Select one: A. wait for the backup ambulance while your partner performs CPR. B. advise your partner that you cannot provide care to this patient. C. begin two-rescuer CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible. D. obtain permission from medical control to not attempt resuscitation.
C
Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence? Select one: A. Abandonment, breach of duty, damages, and causation B. Breach of duty, injury/damages, abandonment, and causation C. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation D. Duty to act, abandonment, breach of duty, and causation
C
Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard? Select one: A. Patient disorientation B. Joint flexibility C. Abnormal spinal curvature D. Naturally deformed bones
C
Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) model? Select one: A. EMTs respond to a woman who complains of high fever B. EMTs assess a patient whose lung disease is "acting up" C. The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination D. Paramedics pick up a patient from an acute care clinic
C
Which of the following scenarios involves the administration of ALS? Select one: A. A 53-year-old patient who is assisted with his prescribed nitroglycerin B. A 64-year-old patient who is given aspirin for suspected cardiac chest pain C. A 48-year-old patient whose airway is secured with a supraglottic device D. A 61-year-old patient who is receiving humidified supplemental oxygen
C
Which of the following skills would a layperson MOST likely be trained to perform before arrival of EMS? Select one: A. Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway B. Administration of supplemental oxygen C. Bleeding control using a tourniquet D. Obtaining a manual blood pressure Incorrect
C
Which of the following statements about the patient care report is correct? Select one: a. EMTs are not liable for any actions that are accurately documented. b. Incomplete reports are common and accepted in EMS. c. It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report. d. Patient care cannot be discredited based on poor documentation
C
Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is correct? Select one: A. It is a constantly open line of communication that is under exclusive control of a single user. B. It is a designated frequency on a portable radio that provides direct access to medical control. C. It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users. D. It is a frequency that is used exclusively by EMTs to communicate with one another in the field
C
Which of the following will help improve radio communications? Select one: A. Use codes to speed communication. B. Hold the radio at least 6 inches from your mouth. C. Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking. D. Answer questions with "yes" or "no."
C
Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing? Select one: A. Hypothalamus B. Cerebrum C. Cerebellum D. Brain stem
C
Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system? Select one: A. Cranial B. Vertebral C. Sensory D. Motor
C
You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action? Select one: A. Quickly exit the residence and request the fire department to move the patients. B. Request another ambulance to assist with lifting and moving the patients. C. Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag. D. Perform a rapid assessment and then move the patients from their residence.
C
You are assessing a woman who was thrown from a horse. She is located in a large field and you can see that a thunderstorm is rapidly approaching. Suddenly, you feel your skin begin to tingle and the hair on your arms stands on end. The ambulance is located about 30 yards away. You should: Select one: A. immediately lie down on your side and draw your knees into your abdomen. B. quickly cover the patient with a blanket and then lie down flat on the ground. C. crouch down in a position so that only your feet are touching the ground. D. sit down, bend your knees, and hold your crossed arms close to your body.
C
You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: A. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. B. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. C. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. D. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs.
C
You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of __________. Select one: A. abuse of authority B. undue hardship C. patient advocacy D. scope of practice
C
You are providing care to a 61-year-old female complaining of chest pain that is cardiac in origin. Your service utilizes a multiplex communication system. You wish to transmit the patient's electrocardiogram to the hospital. In order to accomplish this, you must: Select one: A. be aware that only audio or data transmissions can be sent at any one time. B. wait until you reach the hospital to transmit the information. C. use the multiplex system to transmit the information . D. send the electrocardiogram from the back of the ambulance.
C
You are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. Which of the following is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital? Select one: A. Request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise the staff of your arrival. B. Call the receiving hospital with your cell phone while providing patient care. C. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital. D. Wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise the staff of the situation.
C
You are treating a man who was assaulted and has a closed head injury. The patient, who has slurred speech, becomes verbally abusive and tells you to leave him alone. You should: Select one: A. ask a police officer to transport the patient to the hospital. B. allow the patient to refuse treatment because the injury was not his fault. C. proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement for assistance if necessary. D. have the police arrest the patient so that you can legally begin treatment.
C
You should not attempt to lift a patient who weighs more than 250 lb with fewer than _______ rescuers, regardless of individual strength. Select one: A. five B. six C. four D. three
C
Your ability to remain awake is a function of the: Select one: A. limbic system. B. pons and medulla. C. reticular activating system. D. cerebellum.
C
ou are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. Which of the following is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital? Select one: A. Request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise the staff of your arrival. B. Call the receiving hospital with your cell phone while providing patient care. C. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital. D. Wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise the staff of the situation.
C
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in: Select one: A. vasoconstriction. B. a strong pulse. C. tachycardia. D. a slower heart rate.
D
A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. B. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. C. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. D. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible
D
A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should: Select one: A. attempt to calm the child's mother, but avoid separating her from her child because this will increase her anxiety. B. give the child a favorite toy or blanket to hold onto and perform your assessment to the best of your ability. C. reassure the child's mother that seizures in children are very common and that there is nothing to worry about. D. ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother.
D
A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: Select one: A. 80 and 120 mm Hg. B. 70 and 140 mm Hg. C. 60 and 120 mm Hg. D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.
D
A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to go to the hospital. Under these circumstances, you should: Select one: A. request that the police place the patient under protective custody. B. have the patient sign a refusal form and return him to his office. C. document the patient's request but continue to transport him. D. assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired.
D
According to the terminal drop hypothesis: Select one: A. most elderly patients experience depression after the death of a loved one. B. a person's physical health begins to decline after the age of 75 years. C. most late-stage adults retain high brain function until 1 month before death. D. mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death.
D
Age-related changes in the renal system result in: Select one: A. dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function. B. a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body. C. the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%. D. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed
D
As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: Select one: A. place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call. B. inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once. C. leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call. D. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.
D
Both areas of the pons are used to: Select one: A. set the base rate and depth of breathing in a healthy person. B. provide forced inspiration or expiration as needed. C. ensure that the lungs do not overinflate during breathing. D. augment respirations during emotional or physical stress
D
Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): Select one: A. increase in oxygen, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. B. decrease in oxygen, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. C. decrease in carbon dioxide, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. D. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
D
Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the: Select one: A. voluntary muscles. B. peripheral nervous system. C. spinal cord. D. brain.
D
Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. decreased residual volume. B. increased stiffness of the thoracic cage. C. a loss of respiratory muscle mass. D. increased surface area available for air exchange.
D
In an otherwise healthy adult, blood loss would cause: Select one: A. vascular dilation and bradycardia. B. vascular constriction and tachycardia. C. vascular dilation and tachycardia. D. vascular constriction and bradycardia.
D
In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. B. look for approval from their peers and society. C. make decisions based on their conscience. D. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.
D
Putrefaction is defined as: Select one: A. blood settling to the lowest point of the body. B. profound cyanosis to the trunk and face. C. separation of the torso from the rest of the body. D. decomposition of the body's tissues
D
Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. unwillingly and unknowingly consuming drugs or alcohol. B. willfully using a therapeutic drug to treat a medical illness. C. knowingly selling illicit drugs in order to buy more drugs. D. knowingly misusing a substance to produce a desired effect.
D
The MOST common error associated with the use of the AED is: Select one: A. inappropriately placed adhesive defibrillation electrodes. B. malfunction of the AED's internal computer processor. C. inability of the EMT to recognize ventricular fibrillation. D. failure of the EMT to ensure the battery is charged
D
The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: Select one: A. low morale and frequently missed shifts. B. punitive action and the loss of a job. C. tension among coworkers and supervisors. D. substandard or inappropriate patient care
D
The average adult has approximately ___________ of blood in his or her vascular system. Select one: A. 5 L B. 3 L C. 4 L D. 6 L
D
The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the: Select one: A. sacroiliac joint. B. iliac crest. C. sacral symphysis. D. greater trochanter.
D
The descending aorta branches into the: Select one: A. external carotid arteries. B. deep femoral arteries C. internal carotid arteries. D. common iliac arteries
D
The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes: Select one: A. bile. B. insulin. C. glucose. D. pancreatic juice
D
The largest portion of the brain is the ___________, which is commonly referred to as the "gray matter." Select one: A. cerebellum B. brain stem C. diencephalon D. cerebrum
D
The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles fill with blood is called: Select one: A. stroke volume. B. systole. C. cardiac output. D. diastole.
D
The primary function of the right atrium is to: Select one: A. pump blood to the pulmonary artery. B. pump blood to the lungs for reoxygenation. C. receive blood from the pulmonary veins. D. receive blood from the vena cava.
D
The smooth muscles that cause the artery to contract are found in the: Select one: A. lumen. B. tunica adventitia. C. tunica intima. D. tunica media.
D
The venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the: Select one: A. renal system. B. cardiovascular system. C. respiratory system. D. nervous system.
D
To minimize the risk of litigation, the EMT should: Select one: A. always transport patients to the hospital of their choice. B. utilize at least four personnel when moving a patient. C. use universal precautions with every patient encounter. D. provide competent care that meets current standards.
D
Together, the right and left lungs contain how many lobes? Select one: A. Three B. Six C. Four D. Five
D
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: Select one: A. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag. B. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board. C. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient. D. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head
D
Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you: Select one: A. are older than 35 years of age. B. received a hepatitis B vaccination. C. have a weak immune system. D. have been infected with hepatitis in the past.
D
What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? Select one: A. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. B. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease. C. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. D. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure
D
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? Select one: A. 40-60 breaths/min B. 25-50 breaths/min C. 15-30 breaths/min D. 12-20 breaths/min
D
When is forcible restraint permitted? Select one: A. Anytime that the EMT feels threatened B. Only if consent to restrain is given by a family member C. Only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior D. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others
D
When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should: Select one: A. assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs. B. secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher. C. collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher. D. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.
D
When should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient? Select one: A. Anytime the patient agrees to treatment and transport B. Always during the secondary assessment C. Only when ordered by medical direction D. Only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury
D
When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. B. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. C. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. D. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears
D
When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age. B. your questions should focus exclusively on the patient's obvious problem. C. speaking loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. D. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions
D
When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age. B. your questions should focus exclusively on the patient's obvious problem. C. speaking loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. D. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions.
D
Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) MOST affects EMS personnel? Select one: A. Controlling insurance costs B. Preventing insurance fraud C. Ensuring access to insurance D. Protecting patient privacy
D
Which is the MOST appropriate method to use when moving a patient from his or her bed to a wheeled stretcher? Select one: A. Log roll B. Direct carry C. Extremity carry D. Draw sheet method
D
Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant? Select one: A. Walks without help, becomes frustrated with restrictions B. Responds to his or her name, crawls around efficiently C. Knows his or her name, can walk without any assistance D. Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up
D
Which of the following chemicals requires identification with a placard, regardless of how many pounds the shipment weighs? Select one: A. Nonflammable gases B. Air-reactive solids C. Flammable liquids D. Water-reactive solids
D
Which of the following drugs is commonly referred to as "roofies"? Select one: A. GHB B. Ketamine C. MDMA D. Rohypnol
D
Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers? Select one: A. Needle decompression B. Multilumen airways C. Automatic transport ventilators D. Automated external defibrillator
D
Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? Select one: A. Medical conditions B. Medications C. Overall health D. Increased weight
D
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor to consider when assessing a suicidal patient? Select one: A. Is the environment unsafe? B. Is there evidence of self-destructive behavior? C. Is there an imminent threat to the patient or others? D. Does the patient appear to be well groomed?
D
Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment? Select one: A. A physician assumes patient care from an EMT. B. An EMT gives a verbal report to an emergency room nurse. C. An AEMT transfers patient care to a paramedic. D. A paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT.
D
Which of the following sets of vital signs would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with acute cocaine overdose? Select one: A. BP, 60/40 mm Hg; pulse, 140 beats/min B. BP, 190/90 mm Hg; pulse, 40 beats/min C. BP, 180/100 mm Hg; pulse, 50 beats/min D. BP, 200/100 mm Hg; pulse, 150 beats/min
D
Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress? Select one: A. Increased interest in daily activities B. Hyperactivity during an EMS call C. Acute increase in appetite D. Isolation from the rest of the crew
D
Which of the following statements regarding plasma is correct? Select one: A. Approximately 45% of the blood is composed of plasma. B. Plasma has no role in the body's blood-clotting mechanism. C. Most of the body's plasma is contained within the large veins. D. Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients.
D
Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? Select one: A. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income. B. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work. C. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them. D. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands
D
Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the: Select one: A. pancreas. B. kidney. C. liver. D. spleen
D
You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? Select one: A. Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital. B. Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent. C. Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment. D. Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.
D
You suspect that a pregnant 16-year-old girl has a broken leg after she was hit by a car. You explain that you plan to splint her leg, and she agrees to treatment. Which type of consent is her agreement considered? Select one: A. Informed B. Implied C. Minor's D. Expressed
D