EMT CH 6 Quiz

Anterior Fontanelles fuse between what age?

9 to 18 months of age

Posterior Fontanelles normally fuse by:

3rd Month of life

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? A. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. B. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body. C. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. D. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch.

A. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Which of the following statements regarding toddlers and preschoolers is correct? A. Toddlers and preschoolers commonly experience upper respiratory infections because of a loss of passive immunity. B. Toddlers and preschoolers have well-developed lung musculature, even though they have less lung tissue. C. The normal respiratory rate in toddlers and preschoolers is between 12 and 20 breaths/min. D. Muscle mass and bone density decrease in toddlers and preschoolers because of increased physical activity.

A. Toddlers and preschoolers commonly experience upper respiratory infections because of a loss of passive immunity.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: A. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. B. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. C. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. D. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.

A. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. increased surface area available for air exchange. B. increased stiffness of the thoracic cage. C. decreased residual volume. D. a loss of respiratory muscle mass.

A. increased surface area available for air exchange.

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she: A. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. B. is unable to track your movements with her eyes. C. has bulging fontanelles secondary to severe dehydration. D. will readily allow you to separate her from her mother.

A. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults? A. The trachea of an infant is proportionately longer than an adult's. B. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's. C. An infant's head accounts for less body weight than an adult's. D. The ribcage of an infant is less flexible than an adult's.

B. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's.

Which of the following statements regarding middle adults is correct? A. Significant impairments in hearing and vision begin to occur in persons between the ages of 41 and 44 years. Incorect B. Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer. C. Women in the middle adult age group typically experience menopause in their late 50s or early 60s. D. Increased cholesterol levels in the middle adult age group often do not respond to exercise and diet.

B. Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer.

Age-related changes in the renal system result in: A. a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body. B. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. C. the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%. D. dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function.

B. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

In preconventional reasoning, children: A. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. B. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. C. make decisions based on their conscience. D. look for approval from their peers and society.

B. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? A. medications B. increased weight C. overall health D. medical conditions

B. increased weight

At present, the average life expectancy is ________ years, while the maximum life expectancy is estimated at ________ years. A. 68, 100 B. 70, 102 C. 78, 120 D. 72, 110

C. 78, 120

Which of the following statements regarding psychosocial development in the adolescent age group is correct? A. Adolescents are less fixated on their public image than younger children. B. Because they think rationally, adolescents are at the lowest risk for suicide. C. Antisocial behavior and peer pressure peak around 14 to 16 years of age. D. Family conflict decreases as the adolescent gains control of his or her life.

C. Antisocial behavior and peer pressure peak around 14 to 16 years of age.

Which of the following statements regarding age-related changes in the nervous system is correct? A. Generally speaking, the brain increases in size by 10% to 20% by the time a person reaches 80 years of age. B. Because of a decrease in the number of brain cells, a person's level of intelligence decreases with age. C. Interconnections between brain cells often prevent a loss of knowledge or skill, despite a loss of neurons. D. The metabolic rate in the brain increases with age, but the consumption of oxygen decreases significantly.

C. Interconnections between brain cells often prevent a loss of knowledge or skill, despite a loss of neurons.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? A. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work. B. The majority of middle adults still have small children that live at home with them. C. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands. D. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income.

C. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant? A. responds to his or her name, crawls around efficiently B. walks without help, becomes frustrated with restrictions C. places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up D. knows his or her name, can walk without any assistance

C. places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up

In contrast to secure attachment, anxious-avoidant attachment occurs when a child: A. becomes acutely anxious at the presence of strangers or in unfamiliar surroundings. B. clings to a parent or caregiver because he or she knows that the person can be trusted. C. shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection. D. reaches out and explores because he or she knows that the parents are there as a safety net.

C. shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection.

With increasing age, the heart must work harder to move the blood effectively because: A. the blood thickens as a person ages. B. diastolic blood pressure decreases. C. the blood vessels become stiff. D. the arteries dilate significantly.

C. the blood vessels become stiff.

Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct? A. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg. B. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min. C. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month. D. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

D. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that: A. it is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults. B. in older adults, it is especially common to observe a significant decrease in heart rate in response to shock. C. the patient's cardiac output is able to increase by nearly 200% in response to the decrease in perfusion. D. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

D. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: A. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. B. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. C. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. D. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

D. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.