EMT Chapter 1 - 32
all the patients have been triaged
Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass casualty incident should be determined after
15 to 20 inches
When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ____________ in front of your torso.
the Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning
Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct?
9
Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score is ___________
hypoxic drive
Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breathe is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the _________
irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water
a factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should _________
a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage
a flail chest occurs when ______________
break in the continuity of the bone
a fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n) __________
pupillary constriction
when activated the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects EXCEPT _______
brush away the chemical before flushing with water
when caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should _____________
carefully assess the patient for breathing problems
when caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should _____________
the patient has been completely secured to the backboard
when immobilizing a trauma patients spine, the EMT manually stabilizing the head should not let ho until ____________
a raised, well defined area of the skin
At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as ______
administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport
A 59 yr old male presents with sudden onset severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should ______________________
increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.
Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an ________________
EMS research
Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on ________________
forceful coughing
Signs of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction include all of the following EXCEPT __________
HIPAA
The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patients privacy according to______________
taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation
The EMT should ensure that vaginal bleeding is ___________
most serious thing the patient is concerned about
The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the _______________
80 and 120 mg/dL
The normal blood glucose level is between _________
it is clear, jelly like fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost
which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct?
gastrointestinal system
which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)?
red blood cells
which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues?
the skin
To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as _____________________
blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight
An infants blood pressure typically increases with age because ________________
a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body
An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as ___________
opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain
An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?
prone
An intoxicated 40 yr old male is found lying face down. How would you document his bodys position?
liver failure
An overdose of acetaminophen the active ingredient in Tylenol will MOST likely cause
psychosis
Which of the following terms applies to a state of delusion in which the patient is out of touch with reality?
wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking
Which of the following will help improve radio communications?
the environment in which the patient is found
Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patients allergic reaction?
Expressed
Which type of consent is involved when a 39 yr old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital?
rotational and rollover
Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?
administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect
While assisting a paramedic in the attempted resuscitation of a 55 yr old male in cardiac arrest, you should expect the paramedic to _____________
aspiration pneumonia
While auscultation an elderly womans breath sounds, you hear low pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions?
encourage the patient to cough
Your conscious patient has a mild partial airway obstruction. You should _____________________
peptic ulcer disease
Your patient complains of chronic "burning" stomach pain that improves after eating. You should suspect _______________________
local swelling and ecchymosis
which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation?
displaced fracture
which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity?
liver
which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured?
the immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling
which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?
widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in vascular beds
Distributive shock occurs when _________________
allow him time to think about the question and respond to it
During your assessment of 20 year old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should _____________
he has hemophilia A
During your assessment of a 19 yr old male, you are told that he is being treated with factor VIII. This indicates that __________________
A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change
In which of the following situations does a legal duty act clearly exist?
can maintain a patent airway of a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest
The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it ____________
ventilation
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called _______________
adsorption
The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called ___________________
safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance
The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _______________
normal
The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is _____________
shrinkage of the brain
The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to ______________
wash your hands in between patient contacts
The simplest yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to ____________
disease
The suffix "-pathy" means _______________
cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem
The three major parts of the brain are the _______________
physical and psychological
The two basic categories of diagnosis that a physician will use for behavorial crises or psychiatric emergencies are _______________
one arm above the head
To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure ______________________
why was the substance ingested?
which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinent during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance?
air splint
which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
they usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly
which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct?
compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hrs after an injury
which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct?
compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.
which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?
patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously
which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct?
hypoxia and hypotension are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury
which of the following statements regarding secondary brain injury is correct?
injection
Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider.
take multiple medications
Older adults frequently _____________________
phone or radio contact with the medical director
Online medical control requires______________
low flow oxygen
Which of the following may help reduce your patients nausea?
cartilage
"Chondro" in the word chondritis means _______________
muscle
"Myo" in the word myocarditis means ___________
supine positioning, splinting the leg, and transporting
31 yr old male was bitten on the leg by an unidentified snake. the patient is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. Your assessment of his leg reveals two small puncture marks with minimal pain and swelling. In addition to administering oxygen and providing reassurance, further care for this patient should include __________
stabilize her entire spine
A 15 yr old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to __________________
inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible
A 16 yr old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview you should _______________
administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital
A 19 yr old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg. her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should _____________
apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist
A 20 yr old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should ___________
administer high flow oxygen place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay
A 26 yr old female presents with heavy vaginal bleeding. She is conscious but restless. Her blood pressure is 84/54 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. She tells you that she inserted a tampon about 2 hours ago. You should _________________
Mallory Weiss tear
A 29 yr old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect ______
epinephrine
A 30 yr old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all the lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him high flow oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this patient is ______________________
reassess the patient and document her response to the medication
A 31 yr old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert. but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should ____________
ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother
A 4 yr old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mothers lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The childs mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably which causes the child to start crying. You should __________
delirium tremens
A 49 yr old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patients wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and she thinks he had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is MOST likely experiencing ______________
distal
A 5 yr old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm
begin CPR until an AED is available
A 60 yr old man if found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should ______________
assist him with his nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure is less then 100 mm Hg
A 62 yr old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen if needed and contacting medical control, you should _____________________
administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further
A 66 yr old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should
gastrointestinal bleeding
A 67 yr old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing _______
is excessively thirsty
A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she __________
open and maintain her airway and assess breathing
A man finds his 59 yr old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hrs. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should ____________
carbon monoxide poisoning
A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury and the patients medical history is not known. The patients face is cyanotic, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would most likely explain this?
ventricular contraction
A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents ____________
has bleeding within the brain
A patient who is possibly experiencing a stroke is NOT eligible for thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy if he or she ________________________
dysarthria
A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing ____________________
pale , cool, and clammy skin
A patient with hypoglycemia will often present with which of the following signs/symptoms?
abdominal pain associated with menstruation
A patient with pelvic inflammatory disease will typically complain of ________________
fluid accumulation outside of the lung
A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as ________________
ibuprofen
Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade names for the generic medication ______________
monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine
After administering 0.3mg of epinephrine via auto injector to a 22 yr old woman with an allergic reaction you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should _______________
report the incident to your supervisor after the call
After assessing a patients blood glucose level you accidently stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should ______________
Immediately resume CPR
After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should ____________________-
back is bent forward at the hips
An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the _________________
provide emotional support en route to the hospital
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to _______________________
it is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report
As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on _______________
Medical director approval
As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on__________
control the bleeding
As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be?
respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician
As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, your receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should ______________
be alert for personal hazards
As you enter the residence of a patient who has possibly overdosed you should ______________
nature of illness
Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the _______________
noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest
Basic life support (BLS) is defined as ______________
allow full chest recoil
Between each chest compression, you should _________
gallbladder
Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the _____________
involves hands on practice
CPR retraining is the MOST effective when it ____________
1 - 3 years
Children of which age group are considered toddlers?
cool, clammy skin, weakness, tachycardia, and rapid respirations
Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include ____________________
assessment by the EMT
Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following EXCEPT ____________
air passing through fluid
Crackles (rales) are caused by ______________________
stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine
During your secondary assessment of a 30 yr old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patients blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should __________
communicate effectively with other members of the health care team
EMTs should have a strong working knowledge of medical terminology in order to _____________
verbal and nonverbal communication techniques
Effective therapeutic communication skills require _________
but that does not mean a person is mentally ill
Everyone exhibits some signs and symptoms of mental illness at some point in life _______________
intracranial bleeding
Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22 yr old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of _______________
anaphylactic shock
Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of __________________________
identify whether the patient requires rapid transport
For a patient with a gastrointestinal complaint, it is MOST important for the EMT to ______________________
if you ventilate a patient too quickly
Gastric distention will MOST likely occur _____________
has a greater ability to produce disease
Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it ___________________
opioid
Heroin is an example of a(n) ______________
bronchiolitis
His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle. Based on this information, you patient is most likely suffering from ________________________
by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them
How do poisons typically act to harm the body?
minute volume is decreased
If a patients chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patients respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that _____________
hypothermia
In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by _________________
becomes engorged with blood
In anticipation of receiving a fertilized ovum, the lining of the uterine wall _______________
immediately write down your observations of the scene before assessing the patient
In cases of sexual assault, it is important to ensure that you do which of the following?
may be relatively painless
In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer ____________________
is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level
In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes __________
respiratory arrest
In most cases cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by __________________
oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar capillary membrane
In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur ___________________
lips or oral mucosa
In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the _______________
A 37 yr old female who is found unconscious in her bed
In which of the following patients would the head tilt chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?
"dipl-" and "bi-"
Which of the following suffixes mean "two"?
61 yr old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes
In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service?
shock
Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called _______________________
cerebral vasodilation
Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following EXCEPT ___________________
the cells function with adequate oxygen
Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when ____________
not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons
Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include _______________
advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification
Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patients condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should __________________________
capsules
Medications encased in a gelatin shell that are taken by mouth are called ___________
a fever
Most patients with an infectious disease will have _____________
referred pain
Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called _________________________
disease
Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular __________________
pelvic inflammatory disease
Patient complaints of pain during intercourse, lower abdominal discomfort, and nausea may be indicative of which of the following?
dry the chest if it is wet
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should ____________________
decomposition of the bodys tissue
Putrefaction is defined as ______________
the reason why the patient called EMS
Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT ____________
septic shock
Shock due to severe infection is called ___________
pediatric pads and an energy reducing device are available
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 yrs of age if __________________________
personal safety
The EMTs first priority is __________________
medical director
The EMTs scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the ___________________
injury to you or your patient
The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is _____________
labia majora ; labia minora
The ___________ and ______________ are folds of tissue that surround the urethral and vaginal openings.
apex
The _____________ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.
fallopian tubes
The _______________connects each ovary with the uterus
Time management
The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called ___________________
0.3;0.15
The adult epinephrine auto injector delivers ___________ mg of epinephrine, and the infant child auto injector delivers ____________mg.
foramen magnum
The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the __________
after the primary assessment has been completed
The determination of whether a medical patient is high priority or low priority transport is typically made __________________
EMS research
The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important then performing time consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on ______________
limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling.
The impedance threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by _______________________
the right side of the body
The left cerebral hemisphere controls _________________
maintain homeostasis
The main function of the endocrine system is to _________
shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg
Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations?
put on high visibility safety vests
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash you note that two small cars collided head on the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance you and your partner should ___________
women
Urinary tract infections are more common in ________
hives
Urticaria is the medical term for _______________________
have been infected with hepatitis in the past
Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you _____________
animals or insects
Vector borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via _______________
To transport a mature egg to the uterus
What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
feeling "bad" or "depressed" means that you must be "sick"
What is the most common misconception surrounding mental illness?
12 - 20 breaths/min
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
intramuscular
What is the route of administration for the EpiPen auto injector?
jaw thrust maneuver
What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?
air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange
What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly?
protect itself, go on alert, attempt to inactivate the foreign substance
When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will _____________________
quickly, within 30 minutes
When an allergic reaction proceeds to life threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so ________
primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked
When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury it is important to remember that __________
blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock
When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that __________________
osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position
When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that ________________
ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment
When assessing for arm drift of a patient with suspected stroke, you should _________________
internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the bloods ability to clot
When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen you should be concerned that ______________
sudden death can occur if the patients violence is not controlled
When caring for a patient experiencing excited delirium, the EMT should remember that ____________
limit your time at the scene to 10 minutes or less, if possible
When caring for a patient with an altered mental status signs of circulatory compromise, you should ______
a seizure
When caring for a patient with documented hypoglycemia, you should be MOST alert for _______
the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first
When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that _______________________
when the patient poses a significant threat to self or others
When is forcible restraint permitted?
place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry that patient down the stairs with a stair chair.
When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should _____________
with one or two hands
When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest _______________
on the thighs or ankles
When preparing to obtain a 12 lead ECG, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed ________________
not disclosing his or her name
When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patients privacy by __________
quadruples
When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy ________
protecting patient privacy
Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act MOST affects EMS personnel?
rapidly assessing a patients respiratory status
Which of following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size up?
endocrine
Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities?
the secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint
Which of following statements regarding secondary assessment is correct?
a seizure that begins in one extremity
Which of the following MOST accurately describes a simple partial seizure?
slow respirations
Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan)?
substance abuse
Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition?
acute anxiety
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?
severe anxiety
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?
the neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.
Which of the following describes the Moro Reflex?
A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured
Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services?
its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body
Which of the following in NOT true of the lymphatic system?
Automated External Defibrillator
Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers?
metabolic coordination
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
cystic fibrosis
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections?
avoid touching without permission
Which of the following is a good guideline for physical examination of any patient?
The paramedic administers a patients flu vaccination
Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare model?
a person violently attacking family members
Which of the following is an example of a psychiatric emergency?
the EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director
Which of the following is an example of a rules based medication error?
MRSA
Which of the following is bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes skin abscesses?
long backboard
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?
adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag
Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse?
decompression of the injured side of the chest
Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax?
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines?
pancreas
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
a conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin
Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?
tightness in the chest or throat
Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?
It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users
Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is correct?
A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport
Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is correct?
an emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment
Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?
Patients who miss dialysis treatment often present with weakness
Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
the brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries
Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?
oxygen supports the combustion process and may cause a fire
Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is correct?
parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications
Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?
the majority of a horizontal patients weight is in the torso
Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct?
In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen
Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct?
the MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patients injuries
Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?
neck and facial injuries
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on scene police officer advises you that a 6 yr old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed on the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced ______________
they are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands
Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns?
ask the patient if she has developed a suicidal plan
You are assessing a 45 yr old female who is severely depressed. She states that it seems as though her entire world is crashing down around her. She further states that she has had frequent thoughts of suicide, but is not sure if she can actually go through with it. How should you manage this situation?
on her left side
You are attending to a 26 yr old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. Your patient has been having lower abdominal pains and cramping for the past two hours. In placing your patient on the stretcher and preparing for transport, you should place her ___________________
were you shot at or under fire?
You are attending to a 32 yr old male patient. The patients wife tells you that he returned from Afghanistan last year. While he initially seemed fine, lately he has become withdrawn and distanced himself from his family and friends. He does not talk about it , but she knows that he has been having terrible nightmares that wake him up. The most appropriate question to ask regarding his experience in Afghanistan is _________________
increased patient comfort and dignity
You are attending to a 34 yr old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750lbs. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for _________________
confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet
You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patients family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicationg Do Not Resuscitate . You should ___________
recovery position and transport
You are caring for a 68 yr old man with sudden onset left sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include _________________
patient advocacy
You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of ________________
use the multiplex system to transmit the information
You are providing care to a 61 yr old female complaining of chest pain that is cardiac in origin . Your service utilizes a multiplex communication system. You wish to transmit the patients electrocardiogram to the hospital. In order to accomplish this, you must _____________
abdominal aortic aneurysm
You are transporting a 67 yr old female patient to the hospital for investigation of abdominal pain. The patient care record indicates that the patient has a history of AAA. Based on this information the patient care record includes an abbreviation for _______________
insulin
You are treating a 40 yr old male with a documented blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL. The patient is semiconscious and breathing shallowly, and is receiving assisted ventilation from your partner. You should recognize that definitive treatment for this patient includes _________
seal the mouth and nose
You are ventilating a patient with a stoma, however air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should ______________
transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route
You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2 yr old male. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should ___________________
begin treatment and contact medical control as needed
You respond to the home of a 59 yr old man who is unconscious, has slow, shallow breathing, and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should ______________
stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment
a 22 yr old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should ______________
assess for a carotid pulse for up to 60 seconds
a 30 yr old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18 hrs. The outside temperature is 30 degree. He is immediately placed in the warmed ambulance, where you perform a primary assessment. He is unresponsive, pale, and apneic. You should _________
cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing
a 33 yr old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?
restrain the patient with appropriate force in order to treat his injuries
a 38 yr old male with a history of schizophrenia is reported by neighbors to be screaming and throwing things in his house. You are familiar with the patient and have cared for him in the past for unrelated problems. Law enforcement officers escort you into the residence when you arrive. The patient tells you that he sees vampires and is attempting to ward them off by screaming and throwing things at them. He has several large lacerations to his forearms that are actively bleeding. The MOST appropriate way to manage this situation is to _____________________
administer high flow oxygen
a 39 yr old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should __________________
assess the adequacy of his respirations
a 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis you should ________________
fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport
a 52 yr old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should ______________
applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing
a 54 yr old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes __________________
replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with sterile dressing
a 56 yr old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should ____________
axial loading
a man jumped from the roof of his house and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his heels, knees, and lower back. This mechanism of injury is an example of ____________
perform ventilations only and allow the vest device to defibrillate
a patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest which is interfering with effective chest compressions the EMT should ____________________
is commonly caused by blunt chest trauma
a simple pneumothorax _____________
assist the patients ventilations
a young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, had shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should __________
a rapid deterioration of neurologic signs
an indicator of an expanding intracranial hematoma or rapidly progressing brain swelling is ________________
air enters the pleural space from outside of the body
an open pneumothorax occurs when _______
direct pressure using dry sterile dressings
bleeding from soft tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with _________________
superficial
burns associated with lighting strikes are typically ________
pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass
burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because ______________
larger in proportion to the abdomen
in pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are __________
their intercostal muscles are not developed
children are often "belly breathers" because ________
a rapid, thready pulse
common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following except ____________
improperly placed lap belt
compression injury is most likely due to which of the following?
positive indicators of a fracture
crepitus and false motion are ___________
right atrium
deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the __________________________
diaphragm
difficultly breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured ____________________
apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse
during your assessment of a 29 year old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should ___________
work
force acting over a distance is the definition of ______
alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery
general adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?
95 degrees farhenit
hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below _____________
must increase his or her respiratory rate to maintain adequate minute volume
if a patient with chest injury is only able to inhale small amounts of air per breath, he or she _________
primary assessment
immediately life threatening chest injuries must be found and managed during the ______________
an air embolism
in addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is _____________
involves physical injury to the brain tissue
in contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion _________________
the patient is clinically unstable
in general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless _______
are rarely life threatening
injuries to the external male genitalia ____________
provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma
law enforcement personnel request your assistance to assess a 31 yr old female who was sexually assaulted. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient sitting on a curb outside her apartment. She is conscious, alert, and crying. When you ask her what happened, she tells you that she does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. She further tells you that all she wants to do is clean up. You should __________
tachypnea
patients with chest injuries will often present with _________
may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart
placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of prenancy
requests sexual favors in exchange for something else
quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when he harasser__________________
family history
risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include ________________________
20%
significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ________ of his or her total blood volume.
possible spinal injury
the EMT must assume that any unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by
abdominal or joint pain
the MOST prominent symptom of decompression sickness is ______________-
brain and spinal cord
the central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the __________
sinoatrial node
the electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the ________________________
the four person log roll
the ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard is _________________
bones and voluntary muscles of the body
the musculoskeletal system refers to the ________
just anterior to the tragus
the superficial temporal artery can be palpated _________
maxillae
the upper jawbones are called the _________________
clotting, coagulation, vasocontriction
what mechanisms does the body use to control bleeding?
peritonitis may not develop for several hours
when a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen ________________
may rise as high as the nipple line
when a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm __________________
conduction
when a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70 degrees farhenhit, heat is transferred from the hand to the water through a process called _________
wear gloves and facial protection
when caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMTs immediate priority should be to _______
DCAP-BTLS
when performing a full body scan, you should assess for ________________
only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury
when should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient?
the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released
whether you using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that _______________
the body is exposed to more heat than it can lose
which of the following MOST accurately describes hyperthermia?
ears
which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?
a level I or level II trauma center
which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41 yr old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal?
the patient takes rivaroxaban (xeralto)
which of the following findings would be the most significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding?
partial thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
which of the following is a severe burn in a 65 yr old patient?
has a history of eye surgeries
you are assessing a 59 yr old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he _______________
acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her
you are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs you should __________________
laceration of the aorta
you arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The patient a 50 yr old female was removed from her vehicle prior to your arrival. Bystanders who removed her state that she was not wearing a seatbelt. The patient is unresponsive, tachycardic, and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals bilaterally clear and equal breath sounds, a midline trachea, and collapsed jugular veins. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient has experienced a ________________
load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions
you receive a call to a residence for a sick patient. Upon your arrival, you find the patient, a 53 yr old diabetic male, lying down on his front porch. His wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. You should _______________
immediately request ALS support
you respond to a residence for a 40 yr old female who was assaulted by her husband, the scene has been secured by law enforcement. Upon your arrival, you find the patient lying supine on the floor in the kitchen. She is semiconscious with severely labored breathing. Further assessment reveals a large bruise to the left anterior chest, jugular venous distention, and unilaterally absent breath sounds. As your partner is supporting her ventilations, you should ___________________
slow
you should MOST suspicious that a patient has experienced a significant head injury if his or her pulse is ___________________
a hematoma in the flank region
you should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with ___________________
