EMT Chapter 24: trauma

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:

9

arterial air embolism

Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels.

Emanation of pressure waves that can damage nearby structures

Cavitation

Injury caused by objects that pierce the surface of the body

Penetrating trauma

Product of mass, gravity, and height

Potential energy

A young boy was riding his bicycle down the street when he hit a parked car. What was the second collision?

The bike rider hitting his bike or the car

Force acting over a distance

Work

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood.

A fall from more than _____ times the patient's height is considered to be significant.

three

Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal?

A Level I or Level II trauma center

Coup contrecoup brain Injury

A brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of original impact

Result of force to the body that causes injury but does not pierce soft tissue or internal organs and cavities

Blunt trauma

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Deformed steering wheel

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

Deployment of the air bag

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?

Energy transmission to the spine

Energy of a moving object

Kinetic energy

How trauma occurs

Mechanism of (MOI)

Significant MOI that causes injuries to more than one body system

Multisystem trauma

6. By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

Rapid transport to a trauma center

Which of the following is considered a type of motor vehicle collision?

Rollover

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

Rotational and rollover

tympanic membrane

The eardrum

5. Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?

The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on producing injury.

Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?

The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced.

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?

aortic rupture

12. When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first

approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian.

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then:

assess for an exit wound.

20. When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should

avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure.

17. The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as

cavitation.

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:

cavitation.

Significant clues to the possibility of severe injuries in motor vehicle collisions include:

death of a passenger

Air bags are designed to:

decrease the severity of deceleration injuries.

9. Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

deformed steering wheel

8. Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

deployment of the air bag

14. A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12′ from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?

energy transmission to the spine

7. Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are

falls and motor vehicle collisions.

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:

has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma.

The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:

headrest is appropriately positioned.

Awareness of and concern for potentially serious obvious and underlying injuries is referred to as the:

index of suspicion.

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:

intracranial bleeding.

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:

is ejected or partially ejected.

4. The energy of a moving object is called

kinetic energy.

Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:

lateral collision

2. When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the

mechanism of injury.

11. While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced

neck and facial injuries.

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:

neck and facial injuries.

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that

osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

15. When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that

osteoporosis can cause a fracture that may have resulted in the fall.

22. A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck when he was attacked outside a nightclub. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for

potential airway compromise.

19. When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

A patient complaining of chest tightness, coughing up blood, and subcutaneous emphysema following an explosion may be suffering from a:

pulmonary blast injury

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:

quadruples

21. Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

rapid transport to a trauma center

3. When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant

remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.

When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:

remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.

10. When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, it is MOST important to

remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, you should:

remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

RTS

revised trauma score a scoring system used for head trauma

13. A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to

stabilize her entire spine.

A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:

stabilize her entire spine.

18. If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?

stomach rupture

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:

suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

16. Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because

the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body.

According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome

23. According to the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.

Force acting over a distance is the definition of:

work

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.

1. The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as

your concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.