EMT CHPT 14

what is an important difference between treating a trauma patient and treating a medical patient?

The condition of a medical patient may not be as apparent as a trauma patient

The time scene should be limited to _____ minutes for critical patients

10

Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness? A. Trending of the patient's vital signs over time B. Asking questions related to the chief complaint C. Refraining from asking open-ended questions D. Focusing solely on how the call is dispatched

Asking questions related to the chief complaint

Medical patient assessment is focused on which of the following observations?

Chief Complaint Symptoms NOI

During the management of a patient with a possible infectious or communicable disease, the EMT must complete which of the following?

Clean equipment according to your agency's exposure control plan, properly discard any disposable supplies, and wash any linens

what type of hepatitis has a vaccine available

Hep B

Which of the following questions would be the MOST pertinent to ask a patient who recently returned from Europe and is now ill? A. What was the purpose of your travel? B. Is anyone else in your travel party sick? C. Will you be traveling again in the future? D. How much time did you spend in Europe?

Is anyone else in your travel party sick?

Which of the following is an example of a common urologic emergency?

Kidney stones

Your patient's symptoms include high fever, cough, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and shortness of breath. Which of the following should you suspect? A. Influenza B. Hepatitis B C. MERS-CoV D. Whooping cough

MERS-CoV

Which of the following statements regarding medical emergencies is correct? A. Medical emergencies always take priority over traumatic injuries. B. Medical emergencies can appear to be traumatic in nature. C. Medical emergencies and traumatic injuries always have distinctive presentations. D. Medical emergencies rarely precipitate traumatic injuries.

Medical emergencies can appear to be traumatic in nature.

In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you specifically inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease? A. Recent travel B. HIV status C. Sexual practices D. Drug allergies

Recent travel

Which of the following is an example of a common hematologic emergency?

Sickle Cell Disease

Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct? A. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B and is easily transmitted in the health care setting. B. The risk of HIV infection is high, even if an infected person's blood comes in contact with your intact skin. C. The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream. D. Most patients who are infected with HIV experience chronic symptoms that vary in duration and severity.

The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream.

The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies: A. typically does not require the EMT to contact medical control. B. focuses on definitive care because a diagnosis can usually be made. C. addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process. D. involves transport only until treatment can be performed at the hospital.

addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process.

You should wear a HEPA respirator during all of the following procedures, EXCEPT

assisting with endotracheal intubation, performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, suctioning of airway secretions

Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should: A. assess breathing depth and determine the respiratory rate. B. squeeze the trapezius muscle to see if the patient responds. C. attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient. D. direct your partner to apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.

attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient.

if you have a conscious medical patient, what type of secondary assessment should you perform

detailed physical examination of chief complaint

Typical chief complaints in patients with an infectious disease include: A. fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing. B. crushing chest pain, vomiting, and weakness. C. headache, low back pain, and arm numbness. D. joint pain, muscle aches, and blurred vision.

fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing.

Most patients with infectious diseases will have a(n) ______ of unexplained origin or mild _____ problems

fever; breathing

The acronym "TACOS" is used to _________. A. rule out certain medical conditions B. determine the nature of the patient's chief complaint C. confirm your patient's priority for transport D. identify factors that may complicate the patient's condition or your treatment

identify factors that may complicate the patient's condition or your treatment

your awareness and cancer for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illnesses is called

index of suspicion

Three months after returning home from West Africa, a 50-year-old man begins experiencing a fever, cough, and muscle aches. The EMT should suspect: A. Ebola. B. hepatitis. C. influenza. D. whooping cough.

influenza.

In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient: A. almost exclusively focuses on physical signs that indicate the patient is experiencing a problem. B. is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms. C. requires a thorough head-to-toe exam that involves a detailed assessment of all body systems. D. is not as complex for the EMT because most patients typically present with classic symptoms.

is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms.

Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. loss of appetite and a cough. B. vomiting, fever, and fatigue. C. pain in the muscles and joints. D. jaundice and abdominal pain.

jaundice and abdominal pain.

A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having: A. hepatitis. B. meningitis. C. MERS-CoV. D. tuberculosis.

meningitis

The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or labeling a patient who frequently calls EMS is: A. overlooking a potentially serious medical condition. B. making the entire EMS system look unprofessional. C. demeaning or humiliating the patient and his family. D. discouraging the patient from calling EMS in the future.

overlooking a potentially serious medical condition.

Your best approach to treating a medical patient is to keep calm, use your _____, treat the patient's symptoms report to medical control and transport the patient safely

patient assessment skills

All of the following should be considered high-priority transport, EXCEPT

patients with difficulty breathing but who are responding to treatment

You have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving supplemental oxygen. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should: A. continue with your secondary assessment. B. prepare the patient for immediate transport. C. insert a nasal airway and assist his breathing. D. request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.

prepare the patient for immediate transport.

as you are taking the SAMPLE history, it is important to ask about which of the following?

prescriptions, herbal medications, over-the-counter medications

Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include: A. prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B. failure to be vaccinated against any strain of hepatitis. C. a history of a respiratory illness within the past 6 to 8 weeks. D. prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.

prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.

A one-celled microscopic organism that might cause disease is the description for which type of organism

protozoa

Which of the following is NOT considered a critical aspect in the management of a medical patient?

route driven to the hospital

The most important part of the scene size-up is to make sure that

the scene is safe

Which of the following statements is NOT true about a pandemic

the vaccine is often available quickly

which of the following serious communicable diseases is spread by airborne transmission

tuberculosis

HIV is an example of infection with which type of organism?

virus

"Tunnel vision" occurs when ___________. A. there appears to be no explanation for the patient's condition B. you have confirmed the field impression for your patient C. all but one possibility for the patient's condition has been eliminated D. you exclude certain possibilities for the patient's condition

you exclude certain possibilities for the patient's condition

An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: A. the EMT's prediction of the type of illness a patient has based on how the call is dispatched. B. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness. C. ruling out specific medical conditions based on the absence of certain signs and symptoms. D. determining the underlying cause of a patient's medical condition based on signs and symptoms.

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness.