EMT- Exam 1 Study Guide
early adulthood
accidents are a leading cause of death in which stage of life
liver
bile is created in what organ of the digestive system>?
sweaty
in diaphoresis, the skin is ___
cricoid cartilage
the ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx
close
when lifting, keep the weight __ to your body
local legislation
why does the EMT's scope of practice vary from state to state?
normal
you have been asked to hyper oxygenate a patient before a paramedic inserts an endotracheal tube. What should you do? - ventilate at a __ rate using a bag-valve-mask device
suction
your overdose patient has just vomited, and now you hear gurgling as he tries to breathe. You should immediately __ the airway
body mechanics
The proper use of your body to prevent injury and facilitate lifting and moving
lubricated
The use of the NPA should be __ with a water-based lubricant before insertion
soap and water
What is recommended when washing your hands after patient contact? - using __ and __ when available
ethical
__ considerations relate primarily t making patient care and well-being a priority
hypoglycemia
a general medical problem that can affect normal brain function is __
100-170
a newborn's heart rate should be __-__ beats per minute
90
a normal systolic blood pressure for an infant who is 12 months old is __ mmHg
gloves
a patient appears to be bloodied, although it's not clear whether the patient herself is bleeding. What should the EMT definitely wear when treating this patient?
res ipsa loquitur
a photo of a pair of EMTs on a call shows them laughing and looking casual and relaxed a few feet away from a patient in apparent distress. This would most likely be used to demonstrate __ __ __
half a turn
always open the valve of an oxygen cylinder fully, then close it by how much to prevent someone else from thinking the valve is closed and trying to force it open?
abandoned
an EMT who turns the care of multi-system trauma patient over to a doctor of dermatology has likely __ the patient
acronym
an __ is fine to used with other EMTs if it is common and widely used
precision
an advantage of knowing basic terminology is that a medical term may allow more __ than common terminology will permit
ole
an example of a suffix that would be added to a medical root word to portray a reduction in size would be
recovery
another term for the lateral recumbent position is __
front
anterior refers to the __
late adulthood
concerns over health and mortality often to come to mind in what stage of development?
compensated shock
delayed capillary refill time is a sign of __ __
spine
during an endotracheal intubation, you may be asked to provide manual in-line stabilization. when might this be necessary? - if the patient has suspected __ injury
physiology
during your emt class, you will be studying the effects of how the brain contributes to normal lung inflammation. The study of how these body structures and systems function and relate to one another is known as __
infancy
early in this stage of development, the person begins to recognize familiar faces
action
forming a plan for lifting and carrying a patient should be communicated to your partner before putting the plan into _
tongue
how far into the mouth of a patient should a rigid-tip catheter be inserted? - no farther than the base of the __
2
how many fontanelles does a newborn have, and when do they close? __, both of which are closed by 18 months of age at the latest
3
how many rescuers are recommended in moving a patient with a stair chair?
heart
if the word part "cardi" appears in a word then it relates to the __
compensated shock
if your patient were in shock but her body's responses were able to maintain adequate perfusion, the patient would be in
blood vessel tone
in distributive shock, what is lost?
middle adulthood
in what stage of adulthood is a person who is 45 years of age?
sleep
lack of __ has physical, mental, and emotional effects
abandonment
leaving a patient after initiating care and before the patient has been transferred to someone with equal or greater medical training is known as __
EMS
one aspect of the regulation and policy standard of the NHTSA technical assistance program is that each state should have a lead __ agency
standard of care
quality improvement relates primarily to __ __ __
unresponsive
regarding transferring a patient from the patient's bed to the stair chair: do not use the device for __ patients
physiology
study of the function of living body and parts, or how the body works is called _
fluid
suctioning is used to correct _ in the upper airway
dispatchers
the 911 call takes who are specially trained to give prearrival instructions to callers, such as to how to control and how to perform CPR, are called emergency medical __
equal
the NHTSA technical assistance program assessment standards for EMS systems address the resource management component by stating that each state must provide a centralized coordination of resources to ensure that - all patients have __ access to acceptable emergency care
midline
the __ divides the body into the right and left plane
scope of practice
the actions that an EMT is legally allowed to perform while caring for an injured or ill patient are known as __ __ __
foot
the dorsals pedis artery supplies blood to what part of the body?
abdominal quadrants
the imaginary horizontal and vertical lines going through the naval create the
abdominal quadrants
the imaginary horizontal and vertical lines going through the navel create the __ __
carotid
the major artery of the neck is the __
plantar
the medical term that is used to refer
palmar
the medical term that is used to refer to them palm of the hand is __
pathogens
the organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria, are called _
suctioning
the use of a vacuum device to remove blood, vomitus, and other secretions/foreign materials from the air ways is called __
tidal volume
the volume of air that is breathed in and out with each breath is called the __ __
skeletal
this type of muscle is generally attached at one or both ends to a bone by tendons
Standard Precautions
to reduce the risk of illness, the EMT should use __ __ during each patient contact
physiology
understanding how the function of one body system affects another body system describes the study of __
NHTSA
what agency established an assessment program with a set of standards for EMS systems?
contract
what causes inhalation? - the intercostal muscles and diaphragm __
trauma
what is a lesson learned from the Korean and Vietnam conflicts? - specialized centers should be devoted to treatment of __ injuries
scope of practice
what is generally concerned with what you can do, as opposed to what you should do and how should do it?
airway
what is most important for deciding when to suction? - constantly watching the __ four materials that may be aspirated
injuries
what is one reason an EMT needs to understand medical terminology? - to describe the anatomical locations of a patient's __
6-12 years
what is the age range of for a child in the school-age stage of development?
stroke volume
what is the determining factor for cardiac output? - heart rate multiplied by the __ __
aerobic
what is the effect of oxygen in the body? - it allows the continuation of __ metabolism
alveoli
what is the name for the small sacs in the lungs where the exchange of gases takes place?
blood vessels constrict
what occurs when the autonomic nervous system is stimulated by stressors, resulting in a fight-or-flight reaction?
40% to 60%
what percentage of oxygen does a partial rebreather mask deliver?
cortisol
what s the major hormone that influences metabolism and the immune response, and helps the body adapt to stress?
twisting
what should be avoided when lifting a patient?
ligament
what structure in the musculoskeletal system is designed to connect a bone to another bone?
voluntary muscle
what type of muscle allows for movement such as running or throwing a baseball?
hypovolemic shock
what type of shock may be caused by hemorrhage or dehydration?
cardiogenic
what type of shock may not allow the heart rate to increase to compensate for hypertension?
acute stress reaction
what type of stress reaction would an EMT likely experience when the EMT's partner has attacked?
supine
when a patient is lying on the back, this referred to as
two
when a stretcher is lifted, the number of rescuers lifting from both the head and foot of the stretcher should be __
prone
when you arrived on a scene, you found your patient lying on her stomach. You would report and document that the patient was found __
flexible stretcher
which is useful for narrow hallways but is not used for immobilization of a patient?
bleeding gastric ulcers
which of the following is considered part of the stress triad? - diaphoresis -indecisiveness -bleeding gastric ulcers - hyperactivity
documentation
which of the following is the MOST important reason why __ is an important part of any QI program? -- it allows for better interpretation of the care that was rendered
assisting with childbirth
which of the following patient care situations would MOST likely indicate the use of a gown along with gloves and eye/face protection? - inserting a NPA - immobilizing a patient - using an EPI pen - assisting with childbirth
eliminates the need for EMDs
which of the following statements is NOT a benefit of using the emergency 911 number during an emergency? - provides telephone access to report emergencies for almost the entire US population - eliminates the need for EMDs - creates a universal contact number for police, fire, and EMS - saves the caller time by not having to look up a 10-digit number
cumulative stress reaction
which of the following stress reactions is associated with the condition? - chronic stress reaction - cumulative stress reaction - delayed stress reaction - acute stress reaction
respiratory disorder
which of the following would you anticipate to be the most likely problem for an adult male aged 70? - low tolerance for bradycardia - increased volume of blood - predisposition for accidents - respiratory disorders
public information and education
you Ems provider provides injury prevention education to children. This is an example of - communications - medical direction - public information and education - Human Resources and training
power stretcher
you and your partner feel that your physical limitations will not allow you to safely lift and carry a patient, and additional help is still minutes away from the scene. IF lifting the patient right away is necessary, what device uses a battery-powered hydraulic system that could lift the patient?
higher
you are off duty and on your way to the grocery store when you witness a car accident in front of the store entrance. you stop to render assistance and identify yourself as an EMT to the occupants of the vehicles. The patient in the first car denies the need for assistance, but the second driver is complaining of neck pain. She tells you that she thinks she will be okay but would like to get checked out. You are in a hurry, as you have an appointment and want to get your shopping done first. You should stay with the patient until someone with an equal or __ care level of training or certification assumes care
self-starter
you respond to the residence of a senior citizen who has fallen. You make an observation about slippery throw rugs living room floor and bring this to the attention of the patient and her family. This is an example of being a __ -__
negligence
you respond to the scene of an automobile accident where a patient has an obvious fractured femur. You ask your partner to get the traction splint from the ambulance. your partner returns and tells you there is no traction splint in the ambulance. you could be guilty of __
illness
you would anticipate a toddler to be highly susceptible to __
weaknesses
your QI officer sends you a request for additional information about a patient you had 6 months ago who subsequently died. How does responding to this request potentially relate to quality improvement?