ENG 112 Final Exam

True

An unwarranted generalization is when an argument is based on too little evidence.

False

Appeal to ignorance attempts to support a statement by simply repeating the statement in different terms.

True

According to MLA style, On a Works Cited page, if there is no author, you begin the citation with the title.

Name calling

According to Paul Graham, what is the LOWEST form of disagreement in his hierarchy of disagreement?

Ideal audience

Author A writes a young adult fantasy novel for African American girls. The African American girls are Author A's

Begging the question

Identify the logical fallacy in this statement: "You are wearing a Black Lives Matter t-shirt, so you must hate the police, because people who support Black Lives Matter hate the police."

Logos

If a speaker argues that wearing masks prevents the spread of disease and provides charts showing how there are fewer cases of disease among communities where people do wear masks, she is using which rhetorical appeal?

Biases, and Misleading statistics

In an opponent's essay, what are some significant weaknesses to look for that can be worth refuting:

It is a question and not a debatable point.

Is cyberbullying worse than in-person bullying? Why is this not a strong thesis?

False

It is a good idea to begin a paragraph with a quotation.

yes

It is more effective to refute a specific idea within the essay than the conclusion of the essay.

True

The Works Cited page lists entries in alphabetical order according to author.

no

The analysis of a subpoint in a key idea can include examples, details, facts, critical views that need not be related to the topic sentence of the key idea. As long the subpoint relates to the general idea of the essay, it is okay.

Implied audience

The audience that a reader or viewer constructs in his or her mind as being the intended audience for a text.

False

The following sentence is a properly cited in-text citation according to MLA style:Human beings have been described as "symbol-using animals" (3).

Foreground

The images that are nearest the viewer.

Background

The opposite of foreground. Images that are further from the viewer.

False

The order of the entries in the Works Cited page should be in order of appearance in the paper.

Intertextuality

The term that best describes when one text uses the language, ideas, or imagery from another text to give new meaning to both texts is

A topic, an opinion or assertion, and general supporting examples.

The three main components of a thesis statement are...

Mise-en-scene

This is a French term that translates to "placing on a stage". Mise-en-scène refers to the layout of everything in a frame. It is possible to talk about four aspects of mise-en-scène:

1. The credibility of the source 2. How the information in the source is relevant for the argument you are making 3. What point(s) in your essay the source will support

To evaluate a source, you must include the following in the annotation:

Refuting the central point

Top of hierarchy of disagreements: explicitly refutes the central point

primary sources

What is more important - primary sources or secondary sources?

(Jackson 12)

Which of the following is a correct in-text citation of a book with one author?:

Eating breakfast is essential to being able to learn in school.

Which would be the strongest thesis?

Junk food should not be served in school cafeterias.

Which would be the strongest thesis?

to evaluate a source to see whether it is relevant to the ideas you intend to develop, so that you can use it to support your ideas. Otherwise the source would be irrelevant.

Why write an annotated bibliography?

True

You must have proper citations in your paper so that others can find your sources to check your facts.

False

Your topic sentences should usually be directly connected to your thesis, but sometimes it is okay if they don't.

no

An inclusion of an opposing argument or a counter argument weakens the essay.

False

It is a good idea to have a broad thesis so you can talk about as many things as possible.

False

A false dilemma asserts that because two events occur closely in time, one event must have caused the other.

A statement that can be argued

A thesis should be ________.

Cite, Summarize, and Evaluate

For an effective annotation you must do the following in order:

Chia, Chee W. et al. "Chronic Low-Calorie Sweetener Use and Risk of Abdominal Obesity among Older Adults: A Cohort Study." PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 11, 23 Nov 2016, PLOS.org, dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167241. Accessed 9 Jan 2020.

Choose the correct MLA citation for this source. A recent long-range study of the effects of using low-calorie sugar substitutes had some surprising results that could result in a major re-thinking of how to manage diets to avoid the growing obesity problems world-wide. According to one study, "Low-calorie sweetener use is independently associated with heavier relative weight, a larger waist, and a higher prevalence and incidence of abdominal obesity suggesting that low-calorie sweetener use may not be an effective means of weight control" ( ). Source Information Database: PLOS.org Publication: PLoS ONE vol. 11 no. 11 Publication Date: November 23, 2016 Article Title: "Chronic Low-Calorie Sweetener Use and Risk of Abdominal Obesity among Older Adults: A Cohort Study" Authors: Chee W. Chia, Michelle Shardell, Toshiko Tanaka, David D. Liu, Kristofer S. Gravenstein, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Josephine M. Egan and Luigi Ferrucci DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167241 Access Date: 9 January 2017

author & page number

Citing a source (in text) requires the following information

False

Creating a paraphrase involves changing or omitting a few words from the original source and providing a parenthetical citation.

Counterargument

Hierarchy of disagreements: Contradicts and then backs it up with reasoning and/or supporting evidence

Giving credit to source, not plagiarizing, and establish your credibility as a writer through your sources

Reasons to cite sources

Chain of custody

What "refers to the apparatus by which investigators log and track evidence to make sure that it is not lost or contaminated"?

To counter the argument means to offer a good rebuttal, regardless of whether you concede to the argument or oppose it.

What does it mean to 'counter' the opposing viewpoint?

Z-pattern advertising

layout is based on the fact that readers of European languages read words from top to bottom, left to right.

ideal audience

the intended audience as envisioned as imagined by the creators of a text.

True

A paraphrase uses an author's idea, but expresses it in your own words - without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation.

True

A red herring diverts the audience away from the path of the real argument by changing the direction or claim.

True

A straw man ignores the opposition's actual position, substitutes it with a false position, and argues against the false position rather than the true opposing argument.

At the end of the introductory paragraph.

A thesis statement is typically found...

False

An annotated bibliography is the same as a Works Cited page.

Ad-Hominem

Hierarchy of disagreements: Attacks the characteristics or authority of the writer without addressing the substance of the argument

Responding to Tone

Hierarchy of disagreements: Criticizes the tone of the writing without addressing the substance of the argument

Refutation

Hierarchy of disagreements: Finds the mistake and explains why its mistaken using quotes

Contradiction

Hierarchy of disagreements: States the opposing case with little or no supporting evidence

Name-calling

Hierarchy of disagreements: sounds something like, "You are an idiot"

Questionable Cause

Identify the logical fallacy in this statement: "Don't get your children vaccinated. My son was vaccinated, and now he is autistic."

Ad Populum

Identify the logical fallacy in this statement: "Millions of Americans are choosing X insurance for their insurance. Isn't it time you chose X insurance, too?"

Straw man

Identify the logical fallacy in this statement: "My opponent wants to legalize marijuana. Clearly she does not care about the poverty and misery that drug addiction causes."

False

If you have citations in the body of your paper, you do not not need them anywhere else in the essay.

True

Immediately following a quotation from a source or a paraphrase of a source's ideas, you place the author's name followed by a space and the relevant page number(s).

True

In MLA style, referring to the works of others in your text is done by using what is known as parenthetical citation.

yes

In an argument essay, your thesis statement must clearly state your position on the topic.

Alphabetically, by author's last name

In general, how is the Works Cited list arranged?

True

Submitting one of your own papers or assignments for more than one class can be considered plagiarism.

true

Taking someone's ideas or words, putting them into your own words, and crediting the source is not plagiarism.

Introduce the opposing argument, acknowledge the valid point of the counter argument, counter the argument, and conclude the paragraph

To make an effective opposing argument in an argument essay, what are the four necessay parts that should that should be included in chronology?

Signal, State, Support, Summarize

What four steps in chronological order make a good refutation?

At the end of the introduction

What is the most effective place for the thesis statement of the essay?

approx. 150 words

What is the usual length of an annotation in a bibliography?

(Niskala 111)

What would be the correct MLA in-text citation for this quote? In the closing pages on the story, Eileen finally comes to Urma in a vision or dream of sorts. She explains her choice of suicide by admitting "I didn't want to be here anymore. I didn't know what I wanted and didn't know what I wanted, and didn't want what I knew. You know? And then Mom died. And Kokum. And Roger. But I'll never do something like that again" ( ?? ). Source Information Book: Of All the Ways to Die Publication Date: 2009 Quote: page 111 Author: Brenda Niskala Publisher: Quattro Books

(Sorenson 40)

What would be the correct MLA in-text citation for this quote? Shipping companies all over the world are experiencing hard economic times. This is the result of recent slowing in international trade. While government press releases are filled with rhetoric touting the virtues and value of expanding international trade, global trade expansion has actually slowed since 2012 to "less than have the rate [of expansion] of the previous 30 years" ( ?? ). Source Information Author: Chris Sorenson Article: Rough seas ahead for trade Quote: page 40 Magazine: Maclean's Magazine Publication Date: November 14, 2016 Page Range: 40-42

Pathos

When a commercial asking for funding for a children's hospital shows pictures of sad, sick children, it is using which rhetorical appeal?

Ethos

When a speaker begins a speech by discussing her long and illustrious career working in the civil rights movement, before arguing that voting rights need to be guaranteed for all, she is using which rhetorical appeal?

Dialogue

Which of the following is NOT considered part of Mise-en-scène?