Engine size and performance measurements
A_____crankshaft has weights formed opposite every rod journal
Fully counterweighted
What is the function of a mean thrust bearing?
Limits crankshaft end play.
the metric unit for power is the _____.
Watt (kilowatt)
If one piston displaces 30cu. in. and the engine has four cylinders, what is the engine's displacement?
120 cu.in.
WHat is the normal compression pressure for a modern automotive gasoline engine?
130-180 psi
About how much horsepower would be needed for a small engine to life 1000 lb a distance of 500' in one minute
15.2 hp
IF an engine has a bore of 3" and a stroke of 4", what is its piston displacement
28.26 cu. in.
Cylinder bore is very in size, but are typically from ____ to _____.
3 inches to 4 inches
Automotive pistons normally use___rings,___compression rings, and___oil rings
3,2,1
Engine thermal efficiency is generally ________%.
30-40%
if you use a hoist to lift a 600 lb engine 5' in the air, how much work has been done?
3000 ft lbs
How much power is needed for an engine to move a 4000lb car 2000' in one minute?
8,000,000 W
Define powdered metal forging
A process that forms the rough shape of a part out of metal powder before final shaping in a powerful forge
Identify the bore and stroke areas of measurement indicated below ***** insert pic on app
A) Bore B) Stroke C) two times offset equals stroke D) main journal centerline E) Rod journal centerline F) stroke
Many vehicles use____blocks to reduce weight and increase fuel economy.
Aluminum
And_____cylinder block dissipates he better than an____block.
Aluminum and cast-iron
Connecting rod and main bearings are available in undersizes of ______. (A) 0.125", 0.135", 0.145", 0.155" (B) 0.010", 0.020", 0.030", 0.040" (C) 0.225", 0.235", 0.245", 0.255" (D) 1.010", 1.020", 1.030", 1.040"
B
normally _____ of an engines power is lost to friction A) 10-15% B) 20-30% C) 35-40% D) 40-55%
B. 20-30%
Piston displacement is the volume the piston displaces as it travels from _____ to _____
BDC to TDC
____Is the barons ability to withstand being acted on by acid, water, and other impurities in the engine oil.
Bearing corrosion
____Refers to the ability to absorb dirt, metal, or other hard particles
Bearing embedability
____Is the bearings ability to withstand pounding and crushing during engine operation
Bearing load strength
____Is used on sport type engine bearings to hold a bearing in place during assembly.
Bearing spread
____Is the barons ability to adjust the imperfections in journal surface.
Besring confirmability
Generally, a larger ____ and a longer stroke make an engine more powerful
Bore
How is engine size determined?
By the number of cylinders, the cylinder diameter, and the amount of piston travel per stroke.
A____piston is slightly out of round when viewed from the top.
Cam-ground
What are pissed and pins normally made of?
Case hardened steel
____Is a heating and cooling process that increase the way resistance of the piston pin.
Case hardening
What are engine cylinder blocks normally made of?
Cast iron or aluminum
What are engine crankshaft usually made of?
Cast iron or forge steel
Hard rain coatings, such as____, are used in new or Freshly machine cylinders that are perfectly round.
Chrome or moly
The____prevent pressure leakage into the crank case and white boy from the cylinder walls
Compression rings
____ are used to ensure proper location of each connecting rod in the engine.
Conecting rods
The amount of throw (offset) built into the_____controls the piston stroke
Crankshaft rod
How is cylinder bore measured?
Cross the cylinder, parallel with the top of the block
Define cylinder bore
Diameter of the engine cylinder
Find piston stroke
Distance the piston moves from TDC to BDC
An ____is relatively thin and is not exposed to engine coolant.
Dry sleve
The head of a____piston is parallel with the box deck surface
Flat top piston
When are soft ring costings desirable?
For you cylinders that are slightly worn.
Turbo charged or diesel engines are normal equipped with crankshaft made of___.
Forged steel
___Mains are used on high performance engines.
Four bolt
And____pissed and Penny secured by snap rings and it's free to rotate in both the right and piston.
Full floating
How are engine bearings lubricated?
I bury Noyle holes in grooves in the engine bearings permit bearing lubrication
Explain low inertia parts
Light parts that will accelerate quickly
Oil enters the crankshaft at the____and passes through holes in the main bearing journals.
Main bearings
A____crankshaft has weights from opposite the journals in the center portion of the shaft only.
Partially counterweighted
____Generally refers to the countor of the piston top.
Piston head shape
A____on the head of the piston is frequently used to indicate piston pin offsite in the front of the piston
Piston notch
Describe the purpose of a rear main bearing oil seal.
Prevents oil leakage around the back of the crankshaft
Piston ring____is the distance from the face of the ring to it's inner wall.
Radial wall thickness
Name the two basic oil ring designs.
Rail spacer and one piece
Piston____is the distance between the ends of the ring when installed in the cylinder
Ring gap
The piston____is the distance from the top of the rain to the bottom of the ring.
Ring width
A____provide clearance between the piston and the crankshaft counterweights.
Slipper skirt
A pressfit pissed and penis force tightly into the connecting rods_____.
Small end
Define valve reliefs
Small intentions either cast or machine into the piston crown to provide ample piston to valve clearance.
And undersize bearing is designed to be used on a crankshaft journal that has been machine to a____diameter.
Smaller
A___bearing has the original dimensions specified by the engine manufacturer for a new, unworn, or on machine crankshaft.
Standard
Most connecting rods are made of____.
Steel
_____ horsepower is simply a general rating of engine size
Taxable
Define ring groove width.
The distance measure from the top to the bottom of the ring groove.
What is meant by the term pin hole diameter?
The distance measured across the inside of the piston pin hole.
Define pissed in diameter.
The distance measured across the sides of the piston.
If an engines specs for bore and stroke are given as 4.00"X 3.00", what does it mean?
The engine cylinder is 4 inches in diameter and the piston stroke is 3 inches
Explain ring seating
The initial ring where that makes the ring perfectly match the surface of the Cylinder
What is the function of a piston oil ring?
To keep crank case oil out of the combustion chambers
What is the purpose of piston pin offset?
To quiet the piston during use.
What is the purpose of a whole machine through the entire length of a drill connecting rod?
To supply oil to the piston
With a V type of engine,____connecting rods ball to each row journal.
Two
And____the main blog only uses to cap screws to secure each main bearing cap to the____.
Two bolt and cylinder block
Name three types of rear main bearing oil seals.
Two piece neoprene, one piece neoprene, and a wick or rope seal
What is the purpose of bearing crush
Used to help a split type bearing from spinning inside it's bore during engine operation
What is the purpose of piston taper?
Used to maintain the correct piston to Sonder clearance.
______ is the ratio of air drawn into the cylinder and the maximum possible amount of air that could enter the cylinder
Volumetric Efficiency
An_____Is exposed to engine coolant in my Swiss steak and combustion pressure and heat without added support of the cinder block.
Wet sleeve
What are the possible causes if an engines compression pressure is low
bad rings, burned valves, or a blown head gasket
_____ measures the usable power at the engine crankshaft
brake horsepower
A ____ measures the horsepower delivered to the drive wheels
chassis dynamometer
Define mechanical efficiency
compares brake horsepower and indicated horsepower
Define compression ratio
compares the cylinder volume with the piston at TDC to the cylinder volume with the piston at BDC
A _____ is used to measure engine compression pressure
compression gauge
A large cylinder diameter and large piston stroke produce a large piston _______.
displacement
A _____ is used to measure the brake horsepower of modern car engines
engine dynamometer
_____ horsepower is the engine power available with only basic accessories installed
gross
Thermal efficiency measures the amount of _____ converted into crankshaft rotation
heat energy
what is engine horsepower?
is a measure of an engines ability to perform work (power)
Define force
is a pushing or pulling action
Define engine torque
is a rating of the turing force at the engine crankshaft
define compression pressure
is the amount of pressure produced in the cylinder during the compression stroke
_____ horsepower is the maximum power developed when an engine is loaded by all accessories
net
Engine displacement is the volume displayed by all the _______ in an engine
pistons
COmpression pressure is normally measured in _____.
pounds per square inch
Define indicated horsepower
refers to the amount of power formed in the engine combustion chambers
Engine torque specifications can be looked up in a _____.
shop manual
What accounts for most of an engine's frictional loss?
the friction between the piston rings and cylinder walls
Explain frictional horsepower
the power needed to overcome engine friction
define power
the rate or speed at which work is done
Engine displacement is usually matched to the _____ of the vehicle
weight