English 10 - The Art of Argument
Which examples are simple sentences? Select three options. What a person reads can tell you a lot about him or her. Reading novels is one of the greatest pleasures in my life. Reading books can take you places that you have never been before. Some call reading fantasy and science fiction a form of escapism. One of the best ways to learn about history is by reading historical novels.
Reading novels is one of the greatest pleasures in my life. Some call reading fantasy and science fiction a form of escapism. One of the best ways to learn about history is by reading historical novels.
Which statement best explains the use of rhetoric in this paragraph? Read the excerpt from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. Where four decades ago there was rubble, today in West Berlin there is the greatest industrial output of any city in Germany
Reagan uses parallelism to compare the past to the present.
Which examples are compound sentences? Select three options. Maria and Ara are going on an exchange program to China and Japan next summer to study Asian culture. The French drink strong black coffee mixed with hot milk; the Italians drink small cups of espresso. According to my Spanish teacher, Basques have a unique culture, and their language is unrelated to any other world language. My aunt and uncle love to travel in their camper, and they can stop wherever they want to. In history class, we're studying the causes of the Great Depression, which affected the economy of almost every country in the world.
The French drink strong black coffee mixed with hot milk; the Italians drink small cups of espresso. According to my Spanish teacher, Basques have a unique culture, and their language is unrelated to any other world language. My aunt and uncle love to travel in their camper, and they can stop wherever they want to.
How does the image support the text?
The image shows how ancient people collected honey before beekeeping began.
Among the wonderful deeds of Hannibal this one is enumerated: that having led an enormous army, composed of many various races of men, to fight in foreign lands How does the author's diction affect the tone in this passage?
Words like wonderful, boundless, valour, revered, and virtues support a tone of admiration.
While we pursue these arms reductions, I pledge to you that we will maintain the capacity to deter Soviet aggression at any level at which it might occur. Which type of appeal is used in this part of the speech? an emotional appeal an ethical appeal an expert appeal a logical appeal
a logical appeal
To improve the relationship between ideas, the writer should revise sentence 2 by
adding "however" to the beginning of the sentence.
Read the sentence. Marileta is staying with friends until she finds an apartment. What type of clause do the underlined words form? a noun clause a relative clause an adverbial clause an independent clause
an adverbial clause.
Which type of fallacy uses circular reasoning to support an argument?
begging the claim
bio = life anthrop = human micro- = small meteoro = high in the air logy = study of Which word is spelled correctly? A) anthrology B) biology C) microbiolgy D) meteorlogy E) education
biology
- read this example of incorrect sentence structure. Heavy, black clouds rushing in from the horizon. Which revision corrects the sentence?
heavy, black clouds rushing in from the horizon mean a storm is coming.
Mireille's teacher has asked her to revise the underlined clause to make it logical and objective. Which is the best revision?
his lyrics use poetic devices such as allusion and metaphor
On what basis should a reader evaluate evidence for effectiveness? Select three options.
relevance to the central idea sufficiency to support the purpose credibility of the source
In recent years, engineers have invented a __________ capable of __________ offensive language from live television feeds. Which words complete the sentence correctly?
sensor, censoring
If you look through the _____ curtains, you can watch the birds _____ over the ocean. Which homophones correctly complete the sentence?
sheer, soar
To summarize the central idea in a text, readers should identify the topic and then identify
the author's opinion about the topic.
When analyzing an argument, which element should you identify first?
the claim
Which examples are clauses? Select three options.
whenever I go to the movies Samir lives on Green Street. but it's likely to rain that day
What evidence do the authors include to support the central idea that the sugar plantations' cheap labor source changed from enslaved people to indentured Indians?
Gladstone asked the shipping company to provide workers.
How does Machiavelli work to achieve his secondary purpose—to inform his readers?
He explains that principalities don't know how to rule themselves. He describes the emotions of people in a conquered republic.
Read the sentence. Gregor watched, assessing how Sasha was reacting to his news. Which statement best explains how the underlined clause conveys meaning? It is an adverbial clause explaining Sasha's behavior. It is a noun clause indicating what Gregor was doing. It is a noun clause specifying what Sasha was responding to. It is a relative clause describing the information Gregor gave Sasha.
It is a noun clause indicating what Gregor was doing.
Read the excerpt from chapter 8 of The Travels of Marco Polo and study the map.Let us go on now to tell of a large city which forms part of the province of Aden but has a petty ruler of its own. This city, which lies about 400 miles north-west of the port of Aden, is called Shihr. It is ruled by a count, who maintains strict justice in his domain. He has several cities and towns under his sway but is himself subject to the sultan of Aden. The people are Saracens and worship Mahomet. The city has a very good port; for I assure you that many merchant-ships come here well loaded with goods from India, and from here they export many goods to India. In particular they export innumerable fine chargers and sturdy pack-horses of great worth and price, on which the merchants make a handsome profit.Based on the text and the map, which labeled location sends products to Shihr?
Kalhat
Which statement from the passage best summarizes the central idea in this excerpt? "We should not be so myopic as to believe that others of different experiences or backgrounds are incapable of understanding the values and needs of people from a different group." "Wise men like Oliver Wendell Holmes and Justice Cardozo voted on cases which upheld both sex and race discrimination." "Until 1972, no Supreme Court case ever upheld the claim of a woman in a gender discrimination case." "Others simply do not care."
"We should not be so myopic as to believe that others of different experiences or backgrounds are incapable of understanding the values and needs of people from a different group."
Read the excerpt from Franklin Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war. No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory. I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us. Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger. Which phrases from the excerpt include loaded words intended to evoke a sense of fear? Select two options. "No matter how long" "defend ourselves" "premeditated invasion" "righteous might" "grave danger"
"premeditated invasion" "grave danger"
What happens in an ad hominem persuasive technique? A limited number of options are presented. A person is attacked rather than an argument. Loaded language is used to appeal to emotions. A quick judgment is made without the use of evidence.
A person is attacked rather than an argument.
Read the excerpt from a speech petitioning people to adopt animals in need. I am here today to persuade you to see the benefit of adopting your next pet from the animal shelter instead of purchasing it from a pet store. It is crucial to see the value in adopting animals and hopefully putting pet stores out of business. The health and well-being of our animal friends is what is at stake here. Many people think it would be fun to get a cute designer animal from a boutique pet shop, but once we all know the truth behind their practices, we will be lining up at the shelter to fall in love with an animal in need. Your new dog may not be a purebred dog with official papers and a customized small size, but you will know that your animal is healthy and eternally grateful that you provided him with a warm home. Which ideas from the excerpt would be most appropriate to include in a summary? Select two options. Many people want a designer dog from a boutique. Animals bred through pet shops suffer health problems. People need to adopt animals instead of going to pet shops. Many people have a warm home and like animals. More people need to decide to have pets in their homes.
Animals bred through pet shops suffer health problems. People need to adopt animals instead of going to pet shops.
Which statement best explains how the authors develop their claim across the two passages?
Both passages use facts and details to support the claim that sugar workers in different places used music to express themselves and relieve the pressures of brutal work.
Which statement best describes Reagan's main message for his audience in this excerpt? The Berlin Wall is a reminder of the past and of the war. The United States is more powerful than the Soviet Union. Democracy leads to greater prosperity than communism does. Berlin is a thriving city that can boast of many accomplishments.
Democracy leads to greater prosperity than communism does.
Read this example of incorrect sentence structure. Gino is starring in the school play, it opens next week. Which revision best corrects the sentence? Gino is starring in the school play it opens next week. Gino is starring in the school play, or it opens next week. Gino is starring in the school play, which opens next week. Gino is starring in the school play after it opens next week.
Gino is starring in the school play, which opens next week.
Which sentence contains a restrictive clause? The road, which was long and winding, took us deeper and deeper into the dark forest. The parrot, which must have been tame, flew out of the tree and landed on my shoulder. Aware that I could be bitten, I carefully approached the trapped dog, which growled at me. I chose the player who ran fastest, but the other captain wanted the one with the hardest kick.
I chose the player who ran fastest, but the other captain wanted the one with the hardest kick.
Read the excerpt from Franklin Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war. Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. What is the impact of the loaded language in this paragraph? It establishes the speaker's credibility. It creates a confident and reassuring tone. It calls attention to the urgency of the message. It sets up a contrast between the past and the future.
It calls attention to the urgency of the message.
Read the sentence. The garden was enclosed by tall stone walls, which blocked out the noise and bustle of the city. Which statement best explains how the underlined clause conveys meaning? It describes the effect of the tall stone walls. It explains when the garden was enclosed by walls. It modifies the subject and describes the garden. It modifies the verb and describes the enclosure.
It describes the effect of the tall stone walls.
Read this example of incorrect sentence structure. Paula is moving to Chicago, winters are cold there. Which revision best corrects the sentence? Paula is moving to Chicago winters are cold there. Paula is moving to Chicago, where winters are cold. Paula is moving to Chicago, so winters are cold there. Paula is moving to Chicago; however, winters are cold there.
Paula is moving to Chicago, where winters are cold.
Read the excerpt from President John F. Kennedy's 1961 inaugural address.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.This much we pledge—and more.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do—for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. Which statement best summarizes the central idea in this excerpt? All other countries need to know that we will fight them at any cost to maintain our liberty. We value our allies, but we will go our own way if they do not agree to work with us. The only way to achieve success is to fight for the things you believe in, such as freedom. We will do whatever it takes to preserve our freedom, but will get more done working together.
We will do whatever it takes to preserve our freedom, but will get more done working together.
Read the excerpt from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. In Europe, only one nation and those it controls refuse to join the community of freedom. Yet in this age of redoubled economic growth, of information and innovation, the Soviet Union faces a choice: It must make fundamental changes, or it will become obsolete. Today thus represents a moment of hope. We in the West stand ready to cooperate with the East to promote true openness, to break down barriers that separate people, to create a safer, freer world. Which rhetorical technique does this paragraph demonstrate? ad hominem false dilemma hasty generalization bandwagon appeal
false dilemma
Read the example. If you want to know how Dickens's last novel would end. What common error in sentence construction is evident in this example? comma splice run-on sentence sentence fragment missing conjunction
sentence fragment.
Read the first three paragraphs of Franklin Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war. Beyond Congress, who is his primary intended audience? the American public the Japanese people American and Japanese diplomats other countries that might be at risk
the American public
What is the purpose of presenting a false dilemma in a speech?
to convince the audience that there are limited options
Which ideas from the excerpt would be most appropriate to include in a summary? Select two options.
"Art is the foundation of what it means to be a human." "We should not cut the funding to the school's art department, because the students will suffer."
Which ideas from the excerpt would be most appropriate to include in a summary? Select two options. "Art is the foundation of what it means to be a human." "We should not cut the funding to the school's art department, because the students will suffer." "We need to refocus ourselves and reevaluate our priorities." "Everyone thinks that art class is just fun and games." "But it is everything else that will suffer when we lack art and beauty in our lives."
"Art is the foundation of what it means to be a human." "We should not cut the funding to the school's art department, because the students will suffer."
Which sentence from Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war is an example of a bandwagon appeal? "Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area." "It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago." "The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our Nation." "As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense."
"The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our Nation."
Read the two excerpts. "Remembering to Never Forget: Dominican Republic's 'Parsley Massacre " by Mark Memmott: The method his soldiers used in 1937 to try to identify those who would be killed was cruelly unique. When confronting someone in the lands along the border with Haiti, they would hold up a sprig of parsley and ask what it was. If the person responded by trilling the "r" in perejil (Spanish for parsley), he would be free to go. Anyone who didn't trill the "r" was thought to be a Haitian Creole speaker—and was likely to be killed. "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez: My father and mother were once again trapped in a police state. They laid low as best they could. Now that they had four young daughters, they could not take any chances. For a while, that spark which has almost cost my father his life and which he had lighted in my mother seemed to have burnt out. Periodically, Trujillo would demand a tribute, and they would acquiesce. A tax, a dummy vote, a portrait on the wall. To my father and other men in the country, the most humiliating of these tributes was the occasional parade in which women were made to march and turn their heads and acknowledge the great man as they passed the review stand. Which statements accurately compare the two passages? Select three options. Each text describes the tributes and taxes that Trujillo demanded. Each text describes how frightening it was to live under the dictatorship. Each text presents different information on the same topic. Each text presents different information from a different point of view. Each text describes how men and women were treated differently.
Each text describes how frightening it was to live under the dictatorship. Each text presents different information on the same topic. Each text presents different information from a different point of view.
Read the sentence. The English novelist Virginia Woolf, who pioneered the use of stream of consciousness in fiction, was a prolific writer, and the influence of her fiction and nonfiction on her contemporaries was both powerful and pervasive. Which statements best describe this sentence? Select three options. It is a complex sentence. It contains a restrictive clause. It is a compound-complex sentence. It contains a nonrestrictive clause. It links three clauses to add variety to a text.
It is a compound-complex sentence. It contains a nonrestrictive clause. It links three clauses to add variety to a text.
Sami especially enjoyed the brownies, which were chewy, chocolatey, and jam-packed with crunchy walnuts. Which statement best explains how the underlined clause conveys meaning? It is a noun clause stating what Sami likes about brownies. It is an adverbial clause telling why Sami liked the brownies. It is a relative clause describing the qualities of the brownies. It is an independent clause explaining how brownies are made.
It is a relative clause describing the qualities of the brownies.
How does the speaker's use of Spanish names for food most affect the tone and meaning of this excerpt? It shows her strong connection to her heritage. It demonstrates how unusual Puerto Rican food is. It exemplifies a frustration with the United States. It deliberately excludes non-Spanish speakers.
It shows her strong connection to her heritage.
Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor. If I had pursued my career in my undergraduate history major, I would likely provide you with a very academic description of what being a Latino or Latina means. For example, I could define Latinos as those peoples and cultures populated or colonized by Spain who maintained or adopted Spanish or Spanish Creole as their language of communication. You can tell that I have been very well educated. That antiseptic description, however, does not really explain the appeal of morcilla—pig's intestine—to an American-born child. It does not provide an adequate explanation of why individuals like us, many of whom are born in this completely different American culture, still identify so strongly with those communities in which our parents were born and raised. What does Sotomayor accomplish by using the words "morcilla—pig's intestine"? Sotomayor brings the audience's attention to the uniqueness of her culture. Sotomayor creates a mood of sadness to emphasize the loss of her culture. Sotomayor establishes herself as being educated in culinary arts. Sotomayor forces the audience to consider the benefits of a vegan lifestyle.
Sotomayor brings the audience's attention to the uniqueness of her culture.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Perhaps because she had innocently revered him, my mother was now doubly revolted by this cold-blooded monster. He became something of an obsession with her—living as she was by then in exile with my father, isolated from her family who were still living on the Island. As my sisters and I were growing up, Trujillo and his excesses figured in many of my mother's cautionary tales. What is the central idea in this paragraph? During her exile, the author's mother did not know how she felt about Trujillo. The author and her sisters were fascinated by Trujillo. The author's mother thought of Trujillo constantly. Trujillo became more controlling to the author's mother after her family fled the country.
The author's mother thought of Trujillo constantly.
Which statement is an objective summary of the passage?
The fairs had detailed, specific rules about what merchants could sell and how they could sell it.
Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor. Like many other immigrants to this great land, my parents came because of poverty and to attempt to find and secure a better life for themselves and the family that they hoped to have. They largely succeeded. For that, my brother and I are very grateful. The story of that success is what made me and what makes me the Latina that I am. The Latina side of my identity was forged and closely nurtured by my family through our shared experiences and traditions. How do the underlined words and phrases affect the meaning and tone of this passage? They express pride in family and culture. They express the importance of education. They convey a feeling of sadness. They convey a feeling of seriousness.
They express pride in family and culture.
The term pathos is best defined as an appeal to emotions. the use of changes in tone. an appeal to character. the use of exaggeration.
an appeal to emotions.
Read the paragraph. Spring arrives suddenly. Buds appear on the rosebushes. Shoots are sprouting from the ground. The fruit trees are in flower. Wherever you look, new plant life is basking in the warm spring sun. How does the underlined sentence add variety and meaning to the writing? Select three options. by changing the topic by addressing the reader by introducing a new idea by combining ideas in a complex sentence by combining ideas in compound sentence
by addressing the reader by introducing a new idea by combining ideas in a complex sentence
Read the excerpt from a speech on the benefits of eating organic versus conventionally grown foods.I want my food to be real food. I don't want my only option of nourishment to be chemicals disguised as food. Chemicals that could one day poison my body and lead me down a path of obesity and disease. And I want organic options to be affordably priced so everyone can afford to eat healthy. I believe that these are attainable goals if more people see the value in organic food. Which words from the passage have negative connotations that support the author's point? Select THREE options. "affordably" "chemicals" "disease" "obesity" "attainable"
chemicals disease obesity
Read the passage from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. Perhaps this gets to the root of the matter, to the most fundamental distinction of all between East and West. The totalitarian world produces backwardness because it does such violence to the spirit, thwarting the human impulse to create, to enjoy, to worship. The totalitarian world finds even symbols of love and of worship an affront. Who is Reagan's intended audience for this part of his speech? American historians and educators European trade unionists democratic Germans free markets in the South Pacific
democratic Germans
Read the excerpt from "Ain't I a Woman?" by Sojourner Truth. That man over there says that women need to be helped into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place! And ain't I a woman? Look at me! Look at my arm! I have ploughed and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me! And ain't I a woman? I could work as much and eat as much as a man—when I could get it—and bear the lash as well! And ain't I a woman? I have borne thirteen children, and seen most all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mother's grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain't I a woman? Which rhetorical techniques does the speaker use in this excerpt? Select three options. ethos shift pathos parallelism understatement
ethos pathos parallelism
Mireille's teacher has asked her to revise the underlined clause to make it logical and objective. Which is the best revision? many people find his lyrics very moving Dylan has also written poetry and traditional prose his lyrics use poetic devices such as allusion and metaphor a lot of people consider his lyrics to be just as good as any poetry
his lyrics use poetic devices such as allusion and metaphor
Read the excerpt from President Ronald Reagan's speech on the night before the 1980 presidential election. I believe we can embark on a new age of reform in this country and an era of national renewal. An era that will reorder the relationship between citizen and government, that will make government again responsive to people, that will revitalize the values of family, work, and neighborhood and that will restore our private and independent social institutions. The tone of this speech could best be described as expressing a feeling of fear. hope. anger. pride.
hope
What is the main reason a speaker might use exclusive language?
to highlight differences between opposing sides
Which is the authors' purpose for writing this passage?
to inform readers about the cultural and historical significance of honey
What is the purpose of this passage?
to link the authors' families to sugar
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Images of the dictator hung in every house next to the crucifix and Ia Virgencita with the declaration beneath: In this house Trujillo is Chief. The pale face of a young military man wearing a plumed bicorne hat and a gold-braided uniform looked down beneficently at my mother as she read her romantic novelas and dreamed of meeting the great love of her life. Sometimes in her daydreams, her great love wore the handsome young dictator's face. Never having seen him, my mother could not know the portrait was heavily retouched. Which quotation provides the best evidence for the central idea of this excerpt? "In this house Trujillo is Chief." "The pale face of a young military man wearing a plumed bicorne hat and a goldbraided uniform looked down beneficently at my mother." "Sometimes in her daydreams, her great love wore the handsome young dictator's face." "Never having seen him, my mother could not know the portrait was heavily retouched."
"Never having seen him, my mother could not know the portrait was heavily retouched."
Which sentence from Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech is the best example of hyperbole? "I find in Berlin a message of hope, even in the shadow of this wall, a message of triumph." "The sign read simply: 'The Marshall Plan is helping here to strengthen the free world.'" "Throughout the Pacific, free markets are working miracle after miracle of economic growth." "In Europe, only one nation and those it controls refuse to join the community of freedom."
"Throughout the Pacific, free markets are working miracle after miracle of economic growth."
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. When my sisters and I cared too much about our appearance, my mother would tell us how Trujillo's vanity knew no bounds. How in order to appear taller, his shoes were specially made abroad with built-in heels that added inches to his height. How plumes for his Napoleonic hats were purchased in Paris and shipped in vacuum-packed boxes to the Island. How his uniforms were trimmed with tassels and gold epaulettes and red sashes, pinned with his medals, crisscrossing his chest. How he costumed himself in dress uniforms and ceremonial hats and white gloves—all of this in a tropical country where men wore guayaberas in lieu of suit jackets, short-sleeved shirts worn untucked so the body could be ventilated. My mother could go on and on. Which quotation provides the best evidence for the central idea of this excerpt? "My sisters and I cared too much about our appearance." "Trujillo's vanity knew no bounds." "All of this in a tropical country where men wore guayaberas." "My mother could go on and on."
"Trujillo's vanity knew no bounds."
Which quotation from Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war is an example of a hasty generalization? "I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost." "I interpret the will of the Congress." "We will gain the inevitable triumph." "A state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire."
"We will gain the inevitable triumph."
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Perhaps because she had innocently revered him, my mother was now doubly revolted by this cold-blooded monster. He became something of an obsession with her—living as she was by then in exile with my father, isolated from her family who were still living on the Island. As my sisters and I were growing up, Trujillo and his excesses figured in many of my mother's cautionary tales. Which details does the author include to support the central idea about how her mother felt about the dictator? Select three options. "doubly revolted" "obsession" "in exile" "isolated" "cautionary tales"
"doubly revolted" "obsession" "cautionary tales"
What evidence from the passage best supports the inference that making sugar was difficult? Select two options.
"the work was governed by extremely tight, rigid discipline" "careful organization did not solve the second problem with sugar"
Which statement best describes the impact of rhetorical techniques in this excerpt? The use of loaded language creates the need for immediate action in Europe. The use of repetition reminds the audience of the obstacles they must defeat. The use of inclusive language emphasizes hope for a better relationship in the future. The use of exclusive language shows the contrast between the two countries.
The use of inclusive language emphasizes hope for a better relationship in the future.
Which statement from a city mayor's speech is an example of hyperbole? Voting in the municipal election is a matter of life and death. The economy prospered after the city signed a trade agreement. The population of our city has doubled in the past 10 years. If you were concerned about the future, you would vote in the election.
Voting in the municipal election is a matter of life and death.
Read the sentences. Glazing pottery can be tricky. The stunning results make the effort worthwhile. What should be included to best combine the sentences? ; , and , but when
, but.
Which statement best summarizes the author's claim? Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince. Therefore a prince, so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal...
A cruel prince may be better for his subjects in the long run.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Passage A: Given this mandate of silence, I was a real thorn in my mother's side. She had named me, her second of four daughters, after herself—so we shared the same name. Of all her babies, she reports, l was the best behaved, until l learned to talk. Then, I would not shut up. I always had to answer her back when I disagreed with her. Childhood was rocky, but adolescence was a full-fledged war. Passage B: Unfortunately for my mother, I grew up to be a writer publishing under my maiden name. Which statement correctly analyzes how the passages work together to create a central idea? Alvarez describes how her good behavior was an issue, or a thorn, for her mother. Alvarez contrasts her mother's insistence on silence with her own desire to tell stories. Alvarez explains how her mother's desires and temperament were similar to her own. Alvarez traces how her childhood behavior led her to become a successful writer.
Alvarez contrasts her mother's insistence on silence with her own desire to tell stories.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. My mother, especially, lived in terror of the consequences of living as free citizens. In New York City, before Trujillo was killed, Dominican exiles gathered around the young revolutionary Juan Bosch planning an invasion of the Island. Every time my father attended these meetings, my mother would get hysterical. If the SIM found out about my father's activities, family members remaining behind were likely to be in danger. Even our own family in New York could suffer consequences. Five years earlier, in 1955, Galindez, an exile anti-Trujillo teaching at Columbia University, had disappeared from a New York subway. The same thing could happen to us. I don't know if my father complied or just got too busy trying to make a living in this country. But after a few months of hotheaded attendance, he dropped out of these political activities and his silence deepened. Which statement best analyzes how the author develops the central idea across the paragraphs? Alvarez explains that her parents often disagreed about how to react to the dictatorship now that they were living in a free country. Alvarez explains how her father became heavily involved in anti-Trujillo activities, but soon became too busy to participate in them. Alvarez explains how her mother eventually convinced her father to stop attending political meetings because of the danger. Alvarez explains that, although her parents reacted differently to the stress they endured, both became silent about the dictatorship.
Alvarez explains that, although her parents reacted differently to the stress they endured, both became silent about the dictatorship.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Passage A: In December 1960, four months after our arrival, Time magazine reported the murder of the three Mirabal sisters, who along with their husbands had started the national underground Dominican Republic. My parents confiscated the magazine. To our many questions about what was going on, my mother always had the ready answer, "En boca cerrada no entran moscas." No flies fly into a closed mouth. Later, I found out that this very saying had been scratched on the lintel of the entrance of the SIM's torture center at La Cuarenta. Passage B: The novel would be a fictional retelling of the story of three Mirabal sisters, contemporaries of my mother, whose murder had been reported in that confiscated Time magazine. This time, my mother warned, I was not just going to anger family members, but I would be directly responsible for their lives. There were still old cronies of the dictator around who would love an excuse to go after my family, after my father, after her. This was one of the hardest challenges I had ever had to face as a writer. If my mother were indeed speaking the truth, could I really put my work above the lives of human beings? But if I shut up, wouldn't I still be fanning the members of the dictatorship with its continuing power of censorship and control over the imagination of many Dominicans? What central idea do these excerpts work together to develop? Alvarez grappled with the issue of writing a novel about a dangerous subject. Alvarez learned about a terrible murder and decided to write a fictional retelling of it. Alvarez decided to publish her novel without regard for her mother's feelings. Alvarez faced one of the biggest challenges of being a writer: choosing a topic.
Alvarez grappled with the issue of writing a novel about a dangerous subject.
Read the excerpts from the beginning, middle, and end of "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Passage A: Perhaps because I was spared, at ten, from the dictatorship my parents endured most of their lives, I often imagine what it must have been like for them growing up under the absolute rule of Generalísimo Rafael Leonidas Trujillo. Passage B: I knew very little about what was actually going on in the Dominican Republic. Whenever la situación on the island came up, my parents spoke in hushed voices. Passage C: Then I started to work on my second novel. My mother heard from one of my sisters that I was writing about the dictatorship. . . . . . . Days later, my mother called me up to tell me she had just finished the novel. "You put me back in those days. It was like I was reliving it all," she said sobbing. "I don't care what happens to us! I'm so proud of you for writing this book." How does the author develop the central idea across these excerpts? Alvarez shows how, throughout her life, she learned about the dictatorship from her parents' fear of and responses to it. Alvarez wrote about life under the dictatorship, even though doing so ruined her relationship with her mother. Alvarez shows how her lifelong fascination with her parents' life under the dictatorship was the basis for her writing. Alvarez shows how her mother counted on her to someday write a novel about the dictatorship.
Alvarez shows how her lifelong fascination with her parents' life under the dictatorship was the basis for her writing.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Passage A: And so, long after we had left, my parents were still living in the dictatorship inside their own heads. Even on American soil, they were afraid of awful consequences if they spoke out or disagreed with authorities. The First Amendment right to free speech meant nothing to them. Silence about anything "political" was the rule in our house. Passage B: My mother, especially, lived in terror of the consequences of living as free citizens. In New York City, before Trujillo was killed, Dominican exiles gathered around the young revolutionary Juan Bosch planning an invasion of the Island. Every time my father attended these meetings, my mother would get hysterical. If the SIM found out about my father's activities, family members remaining behind were likely to be in danger. Even our own family in New York could suffer consequences. Which statement best analyzes how the author develops the central idea across the two passages? Alvarez describes how the SIM's threats and activities followed her family even in the United States. Alvarez shows how her parents' fears about the dictatorship turned out to be false as the situation in the Dominican Republic improved. Alvarez shows how her parents' fears about the dictatorship affected their thoughts and actions even when they lived in the United States. Alvarez describes how her parents feared the values of free speech and freedom of association.
Alvarez shows how her parents' fears about the dictatorship affected their thoughts and actions even when they lived in the United States.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Periodically, Trujillo would demand a tribute, and they would acquiesce. A tax, a dummy vote, a portrait on the wall. To my father and other men in the country, the most humiliating of these tributes was the occasional parade in which women were made to march and turn their heads and acknowledge the great man as they passed the review stand. If you did not march, your cédula would not be stamped, and without a stamped identification card, you could do nothing; in particular, you could not obtain your passport to leave the country under the pretext of wanting to study heart surgery. This was the second escape—this time with his whole family—that my father was planning. The day came when my mother had to march. Which statement best explains how the author develops the central idea throughout the passage? Alvarez shows that the parades were embarrassing but were not a serious matter. Alvarez shows that Trujillo enjoyed it when people paid attention to him. Alvarez shows that refusing to obey Trujillo's requests could be dangerous. Alvarez shows that women played an important part in political life.
Alvarez shows that refusing to obey Trujillo's requests could be dangerous.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Periodically, Trujillo would demand a tribute, and they would acquiesce. A tax, a dummy vote, a portrait on the wall. To my father and other men in the country, the most humiliating of these tributes was the occasional parade in which women were made to march and turn their heads and acknowledge the great man as they passed the review stand. If you did not march, your cédula would not be stamped, and without a stamped identification card, you could do nothing; in particular, you could not obtain your passport to leave the country under the pretext of wanting to study heart surgery. This was the second escape—this time with his whole family—that my father was planning. The day came when my mother had to march. The parade went on for hours in the hot sun until my mother was sure she was going to faint. Her feet were swollen and hurting. The back of her white dress was damp with sweat. Finally when she thought she could not go one more step, the grandstand came into sight, a clutter of dress uniforms, a vague figure on the podium. Which statement best analyzes how the author develops the central idea across the paragraphs? Alvarez traces how Trujillo demanded the tributes, how her family reacted, and how it was finally her mother's turn to pay tribute. Alvarez describes how her family reacted to Trujillo's demands and how that affected their lives when they left the Dominican Republic. Alvarez retells her mother's humiliating experience of paying tribute to a dictator she did not support. Alvarez describes how Trujillo's mandatory taxes and tributes affected her mother in a negative way.
Alvarez traces how Trujillo demanded the tributes, how her family reacted, and how it was finally her mother's turn to pay tribute.
What is the definition of anecdotal evidence?
Anecdotal evidence is evidence that is based on personal experience or short narratives.
Which inference does this passage support?
As sugar became increasingly available to the English, they wanted to acquire even more of it.
How are prefixes and suffixes alike? Select two options.
Both are a type of affix. Both can change a word's meaning.
How does the text structure help the author convey his central idea in this chapter?
By contrasting the outcomes of Spartan and Roman conquests, Machiavelli provides evidence to support his claim that a prince must destroy a free city in order to hold it.
The text structure of this passage is ____________.
Cause and effect.
Upon the whole, therefore, it is the judgment of this court, that it appears by the record before us that the plaintiff in Which statement most accurately states the claim in this passage?
Dred Scott cannot sue in court because he is not a citizen.
The subject of both passages isthe circumstances under which Trujillo died.how Trujillo's death affected individuals.how Trujillo improved the Dominican Republic.what life was like under the dictatorship.
the circumstances under which Trujillo died.
What is the central idea in this paragraph? Her mother's image of the great man did not match reality. Her mother loved movie stars when she was a young girl. Her mother and her family kept secrets from one another. Her family talked about the horrid crimes of the dictatorship.
Her mother's image of the great man did not match reality.
Read the sentence. I like reading novels that bring to life events in history. Which statement best explains how the underlined clause conveys meaning? It describes the type of novel the speaker likes. It explains why the speaker likes to read nonfiction. It gives information about the subject of the sentence. It provides information about the verb in the sentence.
It describes the type of novel the speaker likes.
Which features of the passage are typical of a compare/contrast structure? Select three options.
It identifies two groups that will be discussed. It uses the signal word nevertheless to indicate a difference. It describes similar and different outcomes to similar actions.
How does the speaker's use of Spanish names for food most affect the tone and meaning of this excerpt?
It shows her strong connection to her heritage.
In this passage by the Roman poet Virgil, Queen Dido speaks about the responsibilities of a ruler. How does the phrase infant state in the second line affect the tone?
It suggests a tone of loving concern.
Which statement best explains the use of rhetoric in this paragraph? Reagan uses repetition to focus attention on history. Reagan uses hasty generalizations to encourage hope. Reagan uses parallelism to compare the past to the present. Reagan uses hyperbole to emphasize changes that have taken place.
Reagan uses parallelism to compare the past to the present.
read the paragraph. what compound complex sentence can be formed from the underline section of the passage to add variety to the paragraph?
The first is the snow storm, which brings large amounts of falling snow, and the second is the blizzard, a violent storm that features extreme cold, strong winds, and low visibility.
Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor. I also hope that by raising the question today of what difference having more Latinos and Latinas on the bench will make will start your own evaluation. For people of color and women lawyers, what does and should being an ethnic minority mean in your lawyering? For men lawyers, what areas in your experiences and attitudes do you need to work on to make you capable of reaching those great moments of enlightenment which other men in different circumstances have been able to reach? For all of us, how do [we] change the facts that in every task force study of gender and race bias in the courts, women and people of color, lawyers and judges alike, report in significantly higher percentages than white men that their gender and race has shaped their careers, from hiring, retention to promotion, and that a statistically significant number of women and minority lawyers and judges, both alike, have experienced bias in the courtroom? What is Sotomayor's intended purpose in posing three powerful questions in a row? Sotomayor is creating a tone of confusion that will challenge the audience to ask their own questions. Sotomayor develops a structure of repetition so the audience is better able to answer the questions. Sotomayor wants the audience to learn how to deliver a powerful speech on diversity in the courtroom. Sotomayor wants the audience to pose serious questions of their own about diversity on the bench.
Sotomayor wants the audience to pose serious questions of their own about diversity on the bench.
Read the excerpt from President Lincoln's 1865 inaugural address, in which he speaks about the Civil War. One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Which statement best summarizes the central idea in this excerpt? Before the Civil War, most enslaved people were living in the southern part of the Union. The Union fought in the Civil War because they wanted to strengthen, perpetuate, and extend slavery. The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery. Before the Civil War, the government did not try to stop slavery, but only tried to keep it from growing.
The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. On May 30, 1961, nine months after our escape from our homeland, the group of plotters with whom my father had been associated assassinated the dictator. Actually, Dominicans do not refer to the death as an assassination but as an ajusticiamiento, a bringing to justice. Finally, after thirty-one years, Trujillo was brought to justice, found guilty, and executed. But the execution was an external event, not necessarily an internal exorcism. All their lives my parents, along with a nation of Dominicans, had learned the habits of repression, censorship, terror. Those habits would not disappear with a few bullets and a national liberation proclamation. They would not disappear on a plane ride north that put hundreds of miles distance between the Island and our apartment in New York. Which statement best explains how the author develops the central idea throughout the passage? The author explains that, even after Trujillo was killed, her parents continued to fear the dictatorship. The author explains that the assassination freed her parents from fear, allowing them to leave the country. The author explains that, after Trujillo was killed, her family was able to escape to the United States. The author explains that, even though Trujillo was executed, her parents found new reasons to fear him.
The author explains that, even after Trujillo was killed, her parents continued to fear the dictatorship.
Which statement best describes the authors' purpose in this passage?
The authors want to persuade readers that Gandhi had a strong influence on the Indian workers.
How do the details in the passage most support the central idea?
The details describe how Spanish and Portuguese explorations helped expand the sugar trade.
What compound-complex sentence can be formed from the underlined section of the passage to add variety to the paragraph? Snowstorms bring a lot of snow; blizzards are violent and they feature extreme cold, strong winds, and low visibility. One is a large amount of falling snow called a snowstorm, and the other is a violent storm with wind, cold, and low visibility called a blizzard. The snowstorm is a large amount of falling snow, but the blizzard is much more violent; it features extreme cold, strong winds, and low visibility. The first is the snowstorm, which brings large amounts of falling snow, and the second is the blizzard, a violent storm that features extreme cold, strong winds, and low visibility.
The first is the snowstorm, which brings large amounts of falling snow, and the second is the blizzard, a violent storm that features extreme cold, strong winds, and low visibility.
Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez. Images of the dictator hung in every house next to the crucifix and Ia Virgencita with the declaration beneath: In this house Trujillo is Chief. The pale face of a young military man wearing a plumed bicorne hat and a gold-braided uniform looked down beneficently at my mother as she read her romantic novelas and dreamed of meeting the great love of her life. Sometimes in her daydreams, her great love wore the handsome young dictator's face. Never having seen him, my mother could not know the portrait was heavily retouched. What is the central idea of this paragraph? The images of Trujillo portrayed him falsely. Trujillo wore elaborate uniforms and headpieces. Alvarez's mother wanted to meet Trujillo one day. Young people dream about the person they will marry.
The images of Trujillo portrayed him falsely.
Read the two excerpts. "Remembering to Never Forget: Dominican Republic's 'Parsley Massacre'" by Mark Memmott: Seventy-five years ago, thousands of Haitians were murdered in the Dominican Republic by a brutal dictator. It was one of the 20th Century's least-remembered acts of genocide. As many as 20,000 people are thought to have been killed on orders given by Rafael Trujillo. But the "parsley massacre" went mostly unnoticed outside Hispaniola. Even there, many Dominicans never knew about what happened in early October 1937. They were kept in the dark by Trujillo's henchmen. "A Genetics of Justice" by Julia Alvarez: At this point I would always ask her why she and my father had returned to live in the country if they knew the dictatorship was so bad. And that's when my mother would tell me how, under pressure from his friends up north, Trujillo pretended to be liberalizing his regime. How he invited all exiles back to form political parties. How he announced that he would not be running in the next elections. My father had returned only to discover that the liberalization was a hoax staged so that the regime could keep the goodwill and dollars of the United States. My father and mother were once again trapped in a police state. How do the passages work together to develop a central idea? The passages show how Alvarez's family was affected by the parsley massacres when they returned. The passages show how Alvarez and her family were tricked into returning to the Dominican Republic. The passages show how people often did not know or understand the extent of Trujillo's deceit. The passages show how the events of Trujillo's dictatorship are still not fully understood today.
The passages show how people often did not know or understand the extent of Trujillo's deceit.
Read the excerpt from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech.As I looked out a moment ago from the Reichstag, that embodiment of German unity, I noticed words crudely spray-painted upon the wall, perhaps by a young Berliner, "This wall will fall. Beliefs become reality." Yes, across Europe, this wall will fall. For it cannot withstand faith; it cannot withstand truth. The wall cannot withstand freedom.How does repetition create meaning in this excerpt?
The repetition emphasizes the principles of freedom.
Read the excerpt from chapter 8 of The Travels of Marco Polo. Now that I have given you this second-hand account of the gryphon bird, let me add that the Great Khan sent special emissaries here to learn about these islands, and again to treat for the release of a previous emissary who had been detained as a captive. And these later emissaries, and the other who had been held captive, had much to tell him of the marvels of these strange islands. I assure you that they brought back with them the tusks of a wild boar of monstrous size. He had one of them weighed and found that its weight was 14 lb. You may infer for yourselves what must have been the size of the boar that had such tusks as this. Indeed they declare that some of these boars are as big as buffaloes. There are also giraffes in plenty, and wild asses too. Altogether their beasts and birds are so different from ours that it is a marvel to hear tell of them and a greater marvel to behold them. To return for a moment to the gryphon birds, I should explain that the islanders call them rukhs and know them by no other name and have no idea what a gryphon is. But I feel sure from the monstrous size they attribute to the birds that they cannot be anything but gryphons. Which details from the text best support the author's purpose to inform the reader that the islands are amazing to him? Select three options.
There are plenty of giraffes and wild asses on the islands. The wild boars on the island are as big as buffaloes, with 14 lb tusks. The gryphon birds are monstrous in size.
Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor. My Latina soul was nourished as I visited and played at my grandmother's house with my cousins and extended family. They were my friends as I grew up. Being a Latina child was watching the adults playing dominos on Saturday night and us kids playing lotería, bingo, with my grandmother calling out the numbers which we marked on our cards with chickpeas. How do Sotomayor's descriptions of her family most likely affect readers? They show readers how Latina families decorate their homes. They give readers images of the importance of family. They describe the struggle Sotomayor endured in becoming a judge. They give readers feelings of hopelessness and desperation.
They give readers images of the importance of family.
Read the excerpt from Frederick Douglass's July 4, 1852, speech on the hypocrisy of American slavery. Douglass was an abolitionist and a formerly enslaved person. Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future. How do the words hideous, revolting, and false most affect the tone and meaning of this passage? They suggest the speaker's belief that the future holds hope. They present a tone of solidarity with America's actions. They show the speaker's disgust over slavery. They show the speaker's admiration for America.
They show the speaker's disgust over slavery.
Which ideas from the excerpt would be most appropriate to include in a summary? Select two options. My singular objective has been to change farming practices so workers are respected. There was a time when people like me were not welcome in restaurants or theaters. I have been angry for at least 40 years because of horrible experiences in my life. This dream for change came from my own experiences of racism and mistreatment. My dreams for change came from watching my parents as I was growing up.
This dream for change came from my own experiences of racism and mistreatment. My singular objective has been to change farming practices so workers are respected.
Which statements provide the best evidence to support his claim? Select two options. Buses and other public transportation run more frequently between 5 a.m. and 7 a.m. If classes begin later, high schools will have to cut sporting activities. When teenagers get enough sleep, fewer use drugs or become depressed. Students who drive to school when tired are more likely to have accidents. Classes at three-quarters of American public schools start before 8:30 a.m.
When teenagers get enough sleep, fewer use drugs or become depressed. Students who drive to school when tired are more likely to have accidents.
Read this example of incorrect sentence structure. Winter is coming I need a new coat. Which revisions best correct the sentence? Select three options. Winter is coming; I need a new coat. Winter is coming, so I need a new coat. When winter is coming, I need a new coat. Because winter is coming, I need a new coat. Although winter is coming, I need a new coat.
Winter is coming; I need a new coat. Winter is coming, so I need a new coat. Because winter is coming, I need a new coat.
Read the sentence. When I go rock climbing, I prefer climbing in landscapes that present a challenge. What type of sentence is this? a simple sentence a complex sentence a compound sentence a compound-complex sentence
a complex sentence
Read the sentence. Because of the high winds, the fire may spread rapidly, and we have been ordered to evacuate. What type of sentence is this? a simple sentence a complex sentence a compound sentence a compound-complex sentence
a compound sentence
Read the sentence. The tracking party followed their prey to the river, but there they lost the trail, even though they had several bloodhounds with them. What type of sentence is this? a simple sentence a complex sentence a compound sentence a compound-complex sentence
a compound-complex sentence
Read the excerpt from Franklin Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war. It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace. Which best describes the type of appeal used in this part of the speech? a logical appeal an ethical appeal an emotional appeal an expert appeal
a logical appeal
The evidence of enslaved people's revolt and fight for freedom is
anecdotal, because it tells a narrative about enslaved people taking action for basic human rights.
Read the excerpt from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. Today the city thrives in spite of the challenges implicit in the very presence of this wall. What keeps you here? Certainly there's a great deal to be said for your fortitude, for your defiant courage. But I believe there's something deeper, something that involves Berlin's whole look and feel and way of life—not mere sentiment. . . . In a word, I would submit that what keeps you in Berlin is love—love both profound and abiding. Which type of appeal does Reagan use in this part of the speech? logical ethical emotional rational
emotional
Which details do the authors include to support the claim in this passage? Select two options.
explanations of how revolutionary ideas spread to Saint Domingue examples of revolutionary ideas from other countries
Read the excerpt from "Ain't I a Woman?" a speech given by Sojourner Truth, a formerly enslaved person, in 1851. Then that little man in black there, he says women can't have as much rights as men, 'cause Christ wasn't a woman! Where did your Christ come from? Where did your Christ come from? From God and a woman! Man had nothing to do with Him. If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back, and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let them. The tone of this speech most expresses a feeling of gratitude. triumph. acceptance. frustration.
frustration
What are the characteristics of an independent clause? Select three options. It contains a subject and a verb. It expresses a complete thought. It begins with a relative pronoun. It can stand alone as a complete sentence. It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
it contains a subject and a verb. It expresses a complete thought. it can standalone as a complete sentence.
Read the sentence. On days when I go jogging in the morning, my mind seems to process ideas faster, and my mood is more positive. How does the underlined clause add variety and meaning to the sentence? Select two options. It describes the days being discussed. It makes readers want to go jogging. It creates a compound-complex sentence. It adds detail about the speaker's personality. It explains why jogging is beneficial.
it creates a compound complex sentence. it describes the days being discussed.
Read the passage from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. In the 1950s, Khrushchev predicted: "We will bury you." But in the West today, we see a free world that has achieved a level of prosperity and well-being unprecedented in all human history. In the Communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kind—too little food. Even today, the Soviet Union still cannot feed itself. After these four decades, then, there stands before the entire world one great and inescapable conclusion: Freedom leads to prosperity. Freedom replaces the ancient hatreds among the nations with comity and peace. Freedom is the victor. And now the Soviets themselves may, in a limited way, be coming to understand the importance of freedom. We hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and openness. Some political prisoners have been released. Certain foreign news broadcasts are no longer being jammed. Some economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state control. Are these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state? Or are they token gestures, intended to raise false hopes in the West . . . ? We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace. What type of rhetorical device does Reagan use when referring to freedom in this passage? exclusive language repetition emotional appeal inclusive language
repetition
Read the example. A phone rang in the concert hall the orchestra stopped playing. What common sentence-construction error does this show? comma splice run-on sentence sentence fragment missing punctuation
run-on sentence
(1) Social media is widely used by people of all ages, including children and adolescents. (2) Children and adolescents are still shaping their understanding of the world, making them vulnerable. (3) Social media provides a platform on which extremist groups can exploit that vulnerability. (4) It is unconscionable to expose young people to potential harm for purely philosophical reasons. Which sentence should Maddie revise to strengthen her rebuttal? sentence 1 because it is not supported by evidence sentence 2 because it is unfair sentence 3 because it does not relate to the topic sentence 4 because it is not objective
sentence 4 because it is not objective
Read the excerpt from Prime Minister Winston Churchill's "Their Finest Hour" speech, delivered to the United Kingdom's House of Commons in 1940. During the first four years of the last war the Allies experienced nothing but disaster and disappointment. That was our constant fear: one blow after another, terrible losses, frightful dangers. Everything miscarried. And yet at the end of those four years the morale of the Allies was higher than that of the Germans, who had moved from one aggressive triumph to another, and who stood everywhere triumphant invaders of the lands into which they had broken. The rhetorical technique used in this excerpt is shift. understatement. logos. parallelism.
shift
The rhetorical technique most used in this excerpt is:Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor.Let us not forget that between the appointments of Justice Sandra Day O'Connor in 1981 and Justice Ginsburg in 1992, eleven years passed. Similarly, between Justice Kaye's initial appointment as an Associate Judge to the New York Court of Appeals in 1983, and Justice Ciparick's appointment in 1993, ten years elapsed. Almost nine years later, we are waiting for a third appointment of a woman to both the Supreme Court and the New York Court of Appeals and of a second minority, male or female, preferably Hispanic, to the Supreme Court. In 1992 when I joined the bench, there were still two out of 13 circuit courts and about 53 out of 92 district courts in which no women sat. At the beginning of September of 2001, there are women sitting in all 3 circuit courts. The First, Fifth, Eighth and Federal Circuits each have only one female judge, however, out of a combined total number of 48 judges. There are still nearly 37 district courts with no women judges at all. For women of color the statistics are more sobering. As of September 20, 1998, of the then 195 circuit court judges, only two were African-American women and two Hispanic women. Of the 641 district court judges, only twelve were African-American women and eleven Hispanic women. African-American women comprise only 1.56% of the federal judiciary and Hispanic-American women comprise only 1%. No African-American, male or female, sits today on the Fourth or Federal circuits. And no Hispanics, male or female, sit on the Fourth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, District of Columbia or Federal Circuits.Sort of shocking, isn't it? This is the year 2002. We have a long way to go. Unfortunately, there are some very deep storm warnings we must keep in mind. In at least the last five years the majority of nominated judges the Senate delayed more than one year before confirming or never confirming were women or minorities. I need not remind this audience that Judge Paez of your home Circuit, the Ninth Circuit, has had the dubious distinction of having had his confirmation delayed the longest in Senate history. These figures demonstrate that there is a real and continuing need for Latino and Latina organizations and community groups throughout the country to exist and to continue their efforts of promoting women and men of all colors in their pursuit for equality in the judicial system. parallelism overstatement ethos shift
shift
What kind of evidence should be presented in an argument? Select two options.
sufficient relevant
What is the purpose of Sotomayor's use of the word wise?
to emphasize the value of a Latina woman's experience
What is the purpose of Sotomayor's use of the word wise? to emphasize the value of a Latina woman's experience to add entertainment value to the speech for the audience to distract the audience from the reality of the courtroom to demonstrate that an effective judge needs an education
to emphasize the value of a Latina woman's experience
Read Franklin Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war. What are the main purposes of this speech? Select two options. to issue a threat to the country of Japan to explain why military action is necessary to propose alternatives for a next course of action to rally the support of the American people for war to show differences between the US and Japan
to explain why military action is necessary to rally the support of the American people for war
Read the passage from Ronald Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech. Perhaps this gets to the root of the matter, to the most fundamental distinction of all between East and West. The totalitarian world produces backwardness because it does such violence to the spirit, thwarting the human impulse to create, to enjoy, to worship. The totalitarian world finds even symbols of love and of worship an affront. . . . As I looked out a moment ago from the Reichstag, that embodiment of German unity, I noticed words crudely spray-painted upon the wall, perhaps by a young Berliner, "This wall will fall. Beliefs become reality." Yes, across Europe, this wall will fall. For it cannot withstand faith; it cannot withstand truth. The wall cannot withstand freedom. What is Reagan's main purpose in this passage? to threaten the Soviet Union to urge an end to communism to explain why he is visiting Berlin to applaud small acts of resistance
to urge an end to communism
