ENGLISH- Christmas Carol

name and analyse 1 quote to show how Fred is a mouthpiece for Dickens' views about Christmas

'A good time; a kind, forgiving, charitable, pleasant time.'- Stave 1 - Fred's eloquence and confidence makes his ideas seem very logical. - The use of a list shows he feels very passionate about what he is saying. - Positive adjectives are used to talk about Christmas, but they reflect Fred's qualities which emphasises how positive he is in life.

Name and analyse 1 quote that shows how positive Bob Cratchit is

'Bob was very cheerful with them, and spoke pleasantly to all the family' - trying to cover his feeling when Tiny Tim is dying - staying positive, can link to Patriarchal society and he has the responsibility to support/protect his family so he cannot be seen being overly upset because it will have great impact on the emotions of his family members

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Fanny's admiration for her older brother, Scrooge

'Brimful of glee' - The metaphor shows Fanny's excitement and how overwhelmed she is to see Scrooge, which demonstrates her happy, positive personality. - The adjective 'brimful' gives the readers the ideas of her high level of exhilaration because it holds connotations of full and over- flowing, which suggests she could not be any more excited to see her brother. - 'glee' has connotations of merriment and delight which shows how highly she regards Scrooge because of how much she clearly misses him when they're apart.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Fred's perseverance with Scrooge

'Don't be angry, uncle. Come! Dine with us tomorrow.' -Stave 1 - ignores Scrooges negativity and tries to bring a positive mood, sarcasm shows Fred is trying to lighten the mood. - Exclamatory sentence shows his enthusiasm with Scrooge and how hard he tries to include him - Collective pronoun 'us' emphasises Fred trying to include Scrooge in the family and make him feel welcomed and encourage him.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Fanny is a very positive character

'Father's so much kinder than he used to be, that home's like heaven!' - Stave 2 - intensifiers 'so much' infer that Scrooges father was previously unkind and uncaring but he is changed so therefore Scrooge's life will get better. - The fact that The ghost of Christmas past is showing the fathers positive developments could be a subtle way of implying to Scrooge that he is also capable of changing, they may be using Fanny to show this because she is viewed by the readers as Scrooge's closest family member so is likely to have the most impact - The use of the semantic field of religion within the simile 'home's like heaven' gives the readers the impression that Scrooge's fmaily were strong Christians (like most people at the time) because she is using positive connotations of 'heaven' as a persuasive tool to get Scrooge to come home. It is surprising that Scrooge is associated with Christianity because he does not promote God's generous acts.

name and anaylse 1 quote that shows Fred's respect

'He's a comical old fellow... his offences carry their own punishment, and i have nothing to say against him.' - saying that Scrooge reached his low stage of life because of his own causes, and he gets subtly punished everyday for it e.g. lonely, isolated. - 'comical' is ironic because it has connotations of light- heartedness and being amusing, which is the opposite to Scrooge's qualities. This emphasises how positive Fred is because he always has faith in Scrooge. - Personification of 'offences' shows how Fred doesn't feel it necessary to neglect Scrooge in life because he is already being serverly punished in life by his lack of friends and social interactions.

name and analyse 1 quote with shows Fred's respect& how he feels bad for Scrooge

'I am sorry for him; I couldn't be angry with him if i tried. Who suffers from his ill whilms? Himself always.'- Stave 3 - Very thoughtful, which is typical of Fred because he is always very considerate towards others - The fact he 'can't be angry with him' shows his positivity because he always sees the good qualities in people, even if they constantly act badly towards him - rhetorical question states that Scrooge is the only one missing out, and Fred will not let his happy, positive life be effected by Scrooge negativity- this emphasises how satisfied Fred is with his lifestyle.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows how Marley demonstrates the consequences of negative behaviour.

'I cannot rest, I cannot stay, I cannot linger anywhere.' - repetition emphasises his restrictions in the after- life, this is Dickens trying to firmly establish what consequences people will be faced with if they act negatively during life. - Triple of synonyms with the connotation of everyday choices we take for granted, with the intensifier 'cannot' implies to the reader that Marley subverts this expectation of a peaceful after- life.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows how Marley shows the results of being selfish and greedy

'I made it link by link, yard by yard... on my own free will' - the personal pronouns of 'my own' shows how it was his own choice to be selfish in life. Within the Christian belief system, both Marley and the reader would know that God gave man free will, to do wither good or bad, which emphasises how Marley has made his own decision to live negatively, which is what Scrooge is doing too. - Repetition shows multiple sins, the use of connectives 'by' + 'and' are used by Dickens to show how every sin competed joins together in the eyes of God.

Name and analyse 1 quote which shows how grateful/dependent Bob Cratchit is on his job

'I'll give you Mr Scrooge, the Founder of the Feast!' - 'feast' is ironic because of his financial situation so realistically they are only eating a small meal, but they are still so grateful for what they do have - fricitive alliteration creates harsh tone, which could emphasize underlying sarcasm from Cratchit - 'founder' shows his gratitude, he doesn't recongnize how hard he works to gain a basic life style, he is just thankful that he has a job at all

me and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Presents' interaction with Scrooge

'If these shadows remain unaltered by the Future, the child will die' - the spirit is truthful and stern with Scrooge, he tells him the Tiny Tim's fate is in his hands, therefore emphasising Scrooge's need to change. - emotive language associated with 'die' is used to make Scrooge, and the readers, realise that your negative behaviour can have massive impacts on people, which is a mouthpiece for Dickens' didactic message in the novella. - personification of 'shadows' emphasises the darkness and sin within Scrooges life because it has connotations of blocking a source of light, the light being significant for Scrooges past, positive life which is no longer there.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Past personality

'It put out its strong hand as it spoke, and clasped him gently by the arm.' - juxtaposition of 'strong' and 'gentle' shows how the Ghost is approachable but need Scrooge to understand who is in charge, and that his message needs to be listened too. - 'hand' shows how he is trying to reassure and guide Scrooge, in order to build trust so Scrooge can begin to open up to change.

name and analyse 1 quote that demonstrates The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come's interaction with Scrooge

'Its mysterious presence filled me with solemn dread... the Spirit neither spoke nor moved.' - 'mysterious' links to Scrooges fear of the unknown, which juxtaposes his superior attitude at the start of the novella because he now feels intimidated and inferior to the spectre. - 'dread' has connotations of apprehension and anxiety which implies Scrooge knows that this spirit is going to have the greatest impact, and he is worried about what he is going to experience. - The spirits silence emphasises the sense of ominous because Scrooge, and the readers are unsure what is going to happen. Its silence and darkness builds tension and signifies what Scrooges life could become if no change occurs.

name and analyse one quote that shows Fred as having strong family love?

'Let him in! It is mercy he didn't shake his arm off' -Stave 5 - The fact he accepts Scrooge at face value and doesn't question his sudden change is very trusting. - suggests fred always saw the potential positive qualities in Scrooge and welcomes his new self. - exclamatory sentence shows excitement. - hyperbolic metaphor of 'shake his arm off' emphasises his enthusiasm and excitement about Scrooge's positive change

name and analyse 1 quote that shows how Marley demonstrates loss of freedom

'No rest, no peace. Incessant torture of remorse. - Monosyllabic words create a disrupted pace which Dickens could be using to reflect Marley's disjointed after-life - Juxtaposition of 'no' which is a negative word with words associated with positivety shows how Marley's after-life is the opposite to the peaceful, care free one that is expected. - Emotive language 'Incessant torture of remorse' makes the readers sympathise Marley but it is a way of Dickens showing the reader that they shouldn't delay becoming a more positive member of society, because marley is used to show that you are powerless to atone for you sins once dead. - The intensifier 'incessant' shows how Marley is constantly being punished for his actions because it has connotations of never ending and eternal.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows how Marley is used as a point of compassion for Scrooge.

'Not to know that no space of regret can make amends for one life's opportunities misused!' - exclamatory sentence emphasises how Marley lived a negative/ selfish life (like Scrooge's) and he is now being punished for this. 'misused' is Dickens demonstrating how many Victorians are taking their life's for granted and not acting in a Christian, charitable way. - the metaphor 'no space of regret' shows that having remorse in the after-life is pointless because you can no longer redeem your sins, emphasising how Scrooge needs to change before it is too late.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Marley is a supernatural character

'Old Marley was as dead as a doornail' - alliteration of the firm sound created by the consonant 'd' creates a negative tone, Dickens could of used this to reflect Marley's negative former life. - The use of the simile 'doornail' shows how lifeless Marley now is, but 'old' signifies how his previous life was also lifeless because of his lack of social interaction due to his dominating priority of money.

Name and analyse 1 quote that shows Bob Cratchit as a family caring/ affectionate man

'Poor Bob sat down in it, and when he had thought a little and composed himself, he kissed her little face' - 'composed himself' shows he is trying to be positive/strong and doesn't want to show his upset - 'Poor Bob' can be seen as both financial and emotion sympathy of Tiny Tim potentially dying because Bob physically can't afford to give him the best medical care possible, even though he is trying his best to care for him.

me and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Present's personality

'The Ghost was greatly pleased to find him in this mood... that he begged like a boy to be allowed to stay.' - The massive contrast between Scrooges past mood and his positive mood at present gives the Ghost a sense of accomplishment because it can see Scrooge changing, emphasising their devotion in aiding Scrooge's redemption. - Metaphor 'begged like a boy' shows how Scrooge is beginning to show qualities of his youthful, happy self. 'Begged' emphasises how both Scrooge and the Ghost are aware of who is in charge, which is why Scrooge feels he has to request to stay. He does not have his free will to do so- which foreshadows his future in the after life, if he carries on living negatively

name and analyse 1 quote that shows the key message that The Ghost of Christmas Present is showing

'The Spirit stood beside sick- beds, and they were cheerful... by poverty, and it was rich.' - Dickens is using the spirit with Scrooge to show that status and wealth is not the most important thing in life. - By using the juxtaposition of negative situations, with positive feelings it is demonstrating how people can still be happen even without a sufficient lifestyle and therefore Scrooge should take advantage of family that are there for him, rather than isolating himself. - This links back to Dickens' didactic message throughout the novella of people appreciating and being generous with what they have. By Scrooge juxtaposing this, it teaches the readers how negative your life can become if you are selfish and materialistic

name and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Past appearance

'There sprang a bright clear jet of light.' - adjectives 'bright' and 'clear' have connotations of purity and illuminating, signifying Scrooges' former, less selfish life. - 'Light' has connotations of enlightenment that signifies how the ghost is going to show Scrooge positive things/people which will help him to understand and begin his journey to redemption.

name and analyse 1 quote that demonstrates The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come's personality

'Unseen Eyes were looking at him keenly. It made him shudder, and feel very cold.' - 'Unseen' creates a very frightening tone because people usually look at someones eyes for comfort and to build a connection, but Scrooge cannot do this so the Spirit appears very mysterious and threatening. - Capitalisation builds tension and adds to the sense of Scrooge fearing the unknown. - Dramatic irony shows the Spirit is very affected by Scrooge's actions and is keen for him to change- although Scrooge cannot literally see this because of the Spirits hidden identity.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Fanny and Scrooge's close relationship

'We're to be together all the Christmas long, and have the merriest time in all the world'- Stave 2 - hyperbole of 'all the world' shows her childish enthusiasm - superlative 'merriest' shows her excitement and how she just wants to be close with Scrooge - The adverb 'together' implies their closeness and Fanny's enthusiasm for Scrooge to come home with her- suggesting she may feel lonely without him - this is the first time the readers see a positive interaction between Scrooge and another person, which gives the impression that Fanny is Scrooge's most faithful family member.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows the appearance of The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come

'beheld a solemn Phantom, draped and hooded, coming like a mist along the ground towards him.' - 'hooded' immediately creates a sinister tone because stereotypically criminals cover their identity by covering their faces with a hood, creating a sense of danger as the spirit approaches. - simile of 'mist' is significant because of its connotations of chilling and discomfort which Dickens may have used to warn the readers the third ghost is the most disturbing to Scrooge because it makes him realise his possible fate. 'Mist' makes vision unclear which could be used to reflect Scrooge's metaphorical blindness in life and how he does not see how negative his behaviour is. - This description of the ghost reminds the reader of the Grim Reaper, which foreshadows Scrooge's later encounter with his grave.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Presents' appearance

'beneath the ample folds of garment' -'ample' has connotations of plentiful and large, emphasising the ghosts metaphorical wealth. Dickens could be doing this to make the Ghost intimidate Scrooge because Scrooge was so dominated by peoples wealth and status. - this ghost symbolises Christmas, suggesting he is implying to Scrooge that people should be generous with their wealth in the 'pleasant time'

name and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come's key message in the novella

'following the finger, read upon the stone of the neglected grave his own name, EBENEZER SCROOGE.' - Future Spirit is used to shows Scrooge the most negative outcomes from his greed, in order to initiate his redemption. - 'neglected' has connotations of unloved or disregarded, which implies to Scrooge that if he shows no change in his qualities, he will remain isolated for the rest of his days, and will be easily and happily forgotten after death. - This is a way of Dickens reminding the reader how much your generosity and good will impacts the way you are remembered by society after death. LINK= This ghost is likely to have a great impact on readers in this era because Victorians were obsessed with rememberance. This is shown because they started lots of things to preserve the past e.g. Census

name and analyse 1 quote that shows Fred's positivity even through financial difficulty

'men and women seem by consent to open up their shut-up hearts freely, and to think of people below them as fellow passengers to the grave'- Stave 1 - metaphor of hearts suggests he feels people are not generous enough with what they have, this could be seen as a subtle insinuation to Scrooge to show he thinks he should be more charitable with his wealth. - The fact that Fred is implying there are people 'below' him emphasises him gratitude and positive outlook because even though he tends to struggle financially, he knows there are people less fortunate and would always be charitable towards them when he can. - this quote links back to Dickens' didactic message in the novella, that people need to be more generous towards others in order to reach heaven in the after-life- which was so important in this Christian dominated era.

Name and analyse 1 quote which shows Bob Cratchits financial difficulty

'nobody said or thought it was at all a small pudding for a large family. It would have been flat heresy to do so. Any Cratchit would have blushed to hint at such a thing' - small pudding is juxtaposed with the size of the family which implys it was not very sufficient for the number of people -'heresy' has religious connotations, and saying it would be offensive to complain and it would never happen because they are just grateful for what they do have -'blushed' suggests they would be embarrassed for someone to complain because they are proud of what they've got.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows The Ghost of Christmas' Past interaction with Scrooge

'the relentless Ghost pinioned him in both his arms, and forced him to observe what happened next.' - 'pinioned' shows his forcefullness and that he is restricting Scrooge and making him reflect on his own negative behaviour. - 'relentless' has connotations of not giving up which shows the Ghosts determination to make Scrooge change. - 'observe' shows how Dickens is trying to make the reader reflect on past behaviour in order to improve their current behaviour.

name and analyse 1 quote that shows the key message that The Ghost of Christmas' Past is showing

'they are what they are, do not blame me!' - exclamatory sentence shows it gets frustrated that Scrooge cannot see his faults - Dickens uses this Ghost to show the reader how we cannot change the past, but we can reflect on it to be better in the future.

Three quotes that show Scrooge's pessamistic attitude

- 'I can't afford to make idle people merry'- Stave 1 - 'He frightened everyone away from him when he was alive'- Stave 4 - 'A poor excuse for picking a man's pocket every twenty-fifth of December'- Stave 1

Two quotes that show other people trying to involve Scrooge

- 'I mean to give him the same chance every year... for i pity him' - Stave 3 - 'I wish to be left alone'- Stave 1, with the portly gentlemen from the charity

Two quotes that show Scrooge's poor sense of social responsibility/ obsession with money

- 'It's enough for a man to understand his own business and not to interfere with other people's'- Stave 1 - 'Another idol has displaced me... A golden one' -Stave 2

Four quotes that show Scrooges change and redemption

- 'The spirits of all three shall strive within me'- Stave 5 - 'I'm quite a baby'- Stave 5 - 'He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man as the old city knew' - Stave 5 - 'His own heart laughed'- Stave 5

Two quotes that show how Scrooge believes he is superior to others

- 'You don't believe in me...I don't'- Stave 1, with Marley - 'He wished to challenge the Spirit' -Stave 3

Two quotes that show Scrooge's self isolation

- 'secret, and self- contained, and solitary as an oyster'- Stave 1 - 'keep Christmas in your own way, and let me keep it in mine'- Stave 1

What were Dickens' intentions with the character Scrooge?

- People can reflect whilst reading and see negative qualities of themselves in Scrooge, and realise they need to change - Teach people that money is not the most important thing, caring for others and family is - People who are wealthy have social responsibilities towards the less fortunate

what were dickens' intentions with the character, Bob Cratchit?

- exploring the idea of priorities in life and how it is more important to have close family bonds, than be really wealthy - social responsibilities, Bob is used to show how wealthy people have responsibilities to help the less fortunate (Scrooge should be helping Bob) - unfairness in society. Money is so dominant, no matter how loving and caring you are, unless you are wealthy you cannot be certain to have a successful life