Environmental Science Final

During which period did increased use of fossil fuels cause greenhouse gases to sharply increase? Between 1750 and 1800 Between 1800 and 1850 Between 1850 and 1900 Between 1950 and 2000

Between 1950 and 2000

Which of the following describes a source of greenhouse gases? Cooling temperatures Burning of fossil fuels Freezing of permafrost Emissions from trees

Burning of fossil fuels

Complete the sentence. Temperatures near the equator are hotter due to ____________. the speed of Earth's revolution the speed of Earth's rotation Earth's distance from the sun Earth's tilt on its axis

Earth's tilt on its axis

Which of the following is an impact of deforestation? Decreased wildfires Decreased pollution Less fragmentation Fewer uneven-aged forests

Fewer uneven-aged forests

Arctic ice extent has been decreasing every summer for the last decade. If new evidence next year showed that Arctic ice had quadrupled, what phenomena would need to be reexamined by scientist in response? Global warming Mass extinctions Rising sea levels Increasing greenhouse gases

Global warming

Which of the following describes the characteristics of a tropical grassland? Distinct seasons, low precipitation High temperature and precipitation Wet and dry seasons, high temperatures High temperatures, distinct wet/dry seasons

High temperatures, distinct wet/dry seasons

Which of the following is a future solution that could help countries meet their climate targets? Increase fossil fuel use Increase their economic needs Increase alternative energy sources Increase the cost of energy

Increase alternative energy sources

Complete the sentence. ______________ is/are an environmental indicator of acid deposition. Increased concentrations of toxic metals in soil Decreased eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems Increased photosynthesis from the breakdown of leaves Increased pH levels in lakes, rivers, or other bodies of water

Increased concentrations of toxic metals in soil

Local groundwater is recharged by rain that flows over farms and ranches in the region. How could this affect the health of groundwater sources? Less dissolved oxygen in the aquifer Less water to fill the water table Water that leaks above ground in springs Increased nitrates in freshwater sources

Increased nitrates in freshwater sources

An environmental consequence describes any change, good or bad, in the habitat and living conditions of ecosystems for plant and animal species. What is an environmental consequence of using forested wetlands for new homes in a community? It could cause loss of biodiversity within the ecosystem and a reduction in flood protection. Destroying the ecosystem may upset residents that live in the area for its natural beauty. If there are more homes, it can increase the number of new people moving to the area. Emergency care is closer to homes, protecting the health and well-being of the community.

It could cause loss of biodiversity within the ecosystem and a reduction in flood protection.

How can urbanization affect human health? More cleared land for water and sewage treatment facilities More housing, businesses, and city services for new residents Large amounts of chemical emissions and dust in the air above cities Less heat to the atmosphere due to heavily paved cities and fewer trees

Large amounts of chemical emissions and dust in the air above cities

In the fall and spring, surface winds stir up the layers of water in a lake and thermal layering begins. Which part of this statement is not true? Surface winds stir up water. Layering begins in the fall and spring. There are layers of water in a lake. There is thermal layering in a lake.

Layering begins in the fall and spring.

A marine biologist monitoring a coral reef system notices that all the species living around the coral reef are smaller and fewer. Which statement best explains what may be impacting the coral reef species? More acidic waters An invasive species More fish predators Too much sunlight

More acidic waters

Complete the sentence. ____________ is/are often used in rural areas to deal with the small amount of sewage created by a single household. Ozonation Sanitation Septic tanks Sewage checks

Septic tanks

Marcus and his brother take turns adding chlorine to their pool to sanitize it. Marcus opens the chlorine tablet container and has sudden burning in his eyes and throat. His brother decides to use liquid chlorine instead. He pours it quickly from a large bottle into the pool. Why does Marcus have an acute reaction to the chlorine, but his brother does not? Marcus was exposed to a different chemical than his brother. Marcus was exposed for a longer period of time than his brother. The mechanism of chlorine exposure for each brother was different. Marcus takes medication with an antagonistic relationship to chlorine.

The mechanism of chlorine exposure for each brother was different.

Nitrogen oxide is a type of pollution that comes from a reaction with oxygen emissions from oil refineries burning gas in a closed space open fields or construction sites

a reaction with oxygen

We cannot reduce plastic trash in the ocean if we utilize ocean cleaning systems use ocean nets for energy use plastic alternatives buy synthetic clothing

buy synthetic clothing

Complete this sentence. Only a small increase of _______ in the atmosphere can significantly change Earth's climate. ozone carbon oxygen nitrogen

carbon

Complete the sentence. Countries can help reduce global warming by helping to fund ______________ so developing countries can meet their greenhouse gas emission goals. fuel reduction energy reduction climate adaptation climate education

climate adaptation

Leachate is prevented from leaking out of engineered landfills using all of the following steps except hole is lined with thick lining system one meter of clay is added to the hole leachate removal systems are installed drills allow leachate to be used for fuel

drills allow leachate to be used for fuel

Methane has increased Earth's temperatures due to the melting of permafrost. This phenomenon is known as climate change global warming positive feedback greenhouse effect

global warming

Complete the sentence. Some water treatment facilities use ultraviolet radiation or _______ as a disinfectant instead of chlorine. microorganisms solid materials ozonation filters

ozonation

Carbon monoxide can irritate lungs and cause seizures or death inflame the respiratory system prevent oxygen transport in the body cause dizziness, fatigue, and headaches

prevent oxygen transport in the body

Complete the sentence. Without ocean _______________, too much carbon will be stored in ocean water, which affects the survival of aquatic ecosystems. photosynthesis respiration sedimentation circulation

sedimentation

All of the following describes the impact of marine shipping on the environment except bilge water can pollute ocean with oils ballast water introduces invasive species ships decrease greenhouse gas emissions ships can strike animals or damage habitats

ships decrease greenhouse gas emissions

All of the following are leading to migration of human populations except rising sea levels along the coastlines increasing catastrophic floods scarcity of freshwater resources warmer winters in the north

warmer winters in the north