ENVS 10 - Chapter 10

12. Control rods in a nuclear reactor are used to A. absorb neutrons. B. move fuel rods around in the chamber. C. provide neutrons to initiate reactions. D. provide cooling by decreasing the temperature of the water. E. increase the temperature of the water.

A

15. Which of the following statements is false? A. Improving standards of living have been repeatedly demonstrated to require increased energy consumption. B. An average house built today requires only half the energy used by a new home in 1974. C. For an average home, standby appliances consume up to 25% of the electricity used in a month. D. Most potential heat from fuel is lost as waste heat. E. All of these are true.

A

8. For much of the past decade battles have been going on over oil and gas drilling in A. the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. B. the Everglades National Wildlife Refuge. C. Buffalo Commons Wildlife Refuge. D. Yellowstone National Park. E. All of these are correct.

A

9. _____________________ can easily be moved across land in pipelines, but must be transported in special refrigerated ships to move across oceans. A. Natural gas B. Anthracite C. Light oil D. Methanol E. Heavy crude

A

1. Fossil fuels currently supply about ____ percent of all world commercial energy supplies. A. 95 B. 87 C. 75 D. 50 E. 33

B

10. Nuclear power provides about _____ percent of the US energy supply. A. 3 B. 9 C. 12 D. 23 E. 37

B

13. The most likely disaster in a nuclear power plant is that A. the plant would explode like a nuclear bomb. B. cooling systems could fail, causing rapid overheating. C. fuel rods could fail to maintain chain reactions. D. nuclear fusion would get out of control and cause explosions. E. All of these are equally likely.

B

14. Most of our energy waste in North America results from A. a failure to turn off lights. B. technological inefficiency. C. the fact that more efficient energy conversion is not possible. D. overwhelming public ignorance of conservation issues. E. the fact that energy conservation techniques are quite expensive.

B

6. A reason to encourage green building designs would be that A. it would eliminate the need for fossil fuels. B. it would save money that would be spent on energy needs. C. it would utilize natural gas. D. it would eliminate brownfields.

B

7. Most useful oil deposits are usually found A. in a liquid pool under a layer of impermeable shale. B. saturating porous rocks, like water in a sponge. C. locked in the mineral structure of a rock formation. D. in pools on the earth's surface, where geologic pressures have forced them to collect. E. in small pools directly above the bedrock.

B

4. Which of the following statements is true? A. World coal reserves are substantially smaller than petroleum reserves. B. The fossil fuel most readily available and abundant in the United States and Canada is petroleum. C. The United States has only enough proven oil supplies to last 4 years at current rates of consumption. D. World coal reserves are only large enough to provide power for about 100 years. E. Under normal operating conditions, you are likely to get a higher dose of radiation living next to a nuclear plant than a coal-burning plant.

C

11. Most of the world's nuclear reactors are of the _____________ type. A. graphite B. MAGNOX C. RBMK D. pressurized water (PWR) E. pebble bed

D

2. The United States, making up less than 5 percent of the world's population, uses more than ___ of the world's commercial energy production. A. 9/10 B. 2/3 C. 1/2 D. 1/4 E. 1/3

D

3. Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland have higher standards of living by most measures than Americans or Canadians A. because their energy consumption is much greater. B. because they are closer to energy supplies. C. even though their energy use is about equal to ours. D. even though their energy use is much less than ours. E. None of these. Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland do not have higher standards of living compared to Americans or Canadians.

D

5. Worldwide, coal deposits are A. widespread but rarely in economic quantities. B. relatively difficult to find. C. highly unusual formations. D. widespread and extensive. E. decreasing at alarming rates.

D