EOC test prep World War II and the early Cold War

Which statement is TRUE regarding American actions toward Japan in the months before Pearl Harbor?

All Japanese assets in the US were frozen and an embargo was placed on oil and steel exports to Japan. (Roosevelt's use of economic sanctions to stop Japan's advance in Asia and the Pacific provoked them into taking drastic measures to secure these much-needed raw materials.)

Which of these was a result of America's participation in World War II?

Both women and African-Americans won new job opportunities after the war. (This newly found economic freedom would eventually help influence both the Civil Rights and Women's Rights movements.)

By the time the US entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. Which area received the MOST aid from the US prior to 1942? Australia Hawaii South America Europe

Europe

A. Philip Randolph's proposed "March on Washington" in 1941 was going to protest racially discriminatory hiring practices in the defense industry, but was called off after President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued the:

Fair Employment Act (The Act was the first federal law to promote equal opportunity and prohibit employment discrimination in the US.)

Which of these is the MOST accurate description of the War Production Board (1942-1945)?

It controlled much of the American economy during World War II. (In order to mobilize the country's productive resources quickly and most efficiently, the WPB regulated the production and allocation of materials and fuel. It was disbanded following the war.)

During WWII, which group was forced to uproot and move to American relocation centers?

Japanese-Americans (Japanese-Americans from California, parts of Washington, Arizona, and Oregon were forced to move to relocation centers. The military strongly recommended the move; President Roosevelt felt that the relocation was essential to national security.)

Most of the people in the internment camps in the US during WWII were:

Japanese-Americans (Many Japanese-Americans were held against their will in "relocation camps" during WWII. Many in the government suspected them of being spies for the Japanese, though the overwhelming majority of them were law-abiding American citizens. Four decades later they were paid for the "inconvenience" imposed upon them.)

In the Spring of 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into law a bill which allowed him to sell, loan, or give war material to countries for their defense against Axis forces. This bill was known as the:

Lend-Lease Act

Which statement BEST describes the situation of Japanese-Americans in World War II?

Most were denied their freedom and sent to "internment camps." (This was a result of Executive Order 9066. Because their ancestry and the fact that they lived on the west coast of the US, the government treated them with suspicion. However, many of them fought bravely for the US against German and Italian forces in Europe.)

On what grounds did the Supreme Court uphold the constitutionality of the limiting the rights of Japanese Americans during World War II?

National security was potentially threatened

Which of these statements BEST summarizes why Americans were reluctant to intervene in the political problems in Europe during most of the 1930s?

The great loss of life in World war I was fresh on the mind of most Americans.

World War II

This poster would have been found during what conflict?

to encourage women to enter the workforce

What role did "Rosie the Riveter" play during World War II?

The term used to describe the willingness of Britain and France to allow Hitler to repeatedly break provisions of the Treaty of Versailles is:

appeasement

What is the point of view of the poster from 1943 of a black man and a white man working together with the title "United We Win"?

cooperation by all will result in American World War II victory (The poster shows a black man and a white man in a situation that would normally not be common place outside of the war. TO this point, it was stressed that cooperation by all would result in American WWII victory)

In Hirabayashi v. the United States, the US Supreme Court held that:

curfews for people of Japanese descent were NOT a violation of their constitutional rights (The Court ruled that restrictions on Japanese Americans served an important national interest in the wake of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.)

During World War II, a widely adopted means of solving labor shortage problems in the US industry was to:

employ women (The need to employ women was a necessity after many American men left to fight in WWII. Without the efforts of women, success in the war might not have been possible.)

During World War II, Japanese-Americans were:

often denied their liberty and their property

Executive Order 9066, issued by FDR in 1942, dealt with the issue of:

ordering Japanese-Americans along the west coast to report to internment camps (The fear was that the Japanese-Americans, many of whom were American citizens, would spy on the US for their ancestral country.)

The Kellogg-Briand Treaty (1928) was a failed attempt for nations of the world to:

prevent war

The rationing of tires is MOST likely to be caused by: (Tires, gasoline, meat, and many other products were needed to supply troops fighting the AXIS Powers, so they were subject to shortages caused by WWII)

shortages caused by World War II

People who agreed with the provisions of this Executive Order 8802 would most likely have supported which of these? "By virtue of the authority in me by the Constitution and the statutes, and as a prerequisite to the successful conduct of our national defense production effort, I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin..."

the "Doube V" campaign which encouraged African-Americans to participate in winning the war abroad, while simultaneously fighting for their civil rights at home

During which historical era would you MOST likely find an abandonment of Laissez faire economic policies in the US?

the 1940s (During WWII in the 1940s, the US had to mobilize its resources quickly and efficiently in order to fight in Europe and in the Pacific. The War Production Board and the Office of Price Administration were created to achieve this goal, even though it meant having the government take a more direct role in the country's economy.)

The direct cause of the US involvement in World War II was:

the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

The MAIN reason the United States entered World War II was:

the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor

Franklin D. Roosevelt believed the date December 7, 1941, would "live in infamy" because it marked:

the day Japan bombed Pearl Harbor

During World War II, security concerns in the United States prompted:

the internment of the Japanese (The Japanese were moved away from the west coast of the US and placed in internment camps. This was done out of fears that they would spy on the US for Japan.)

Franklin Roosevelt's policies of "Cash and Carry" and "Lend-Lease":

were designed to supply Great Britain and other Allied nations with war material (Under these programs, the US shipped over $50billion worth of war supplies and material to Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China.)