EP-True/False Quiz

True or False? A trait has a genetic basis if any change in the phenotype changes the genotype.

False

True or False? A truly "blank slate" would respond best to the environment, since it has no programming to interfere with the acquisition of skills and knowledge.

False

True or False? According to EP, human behavior is infinitely variable.

False

True or False? According to EP, one or a very few learning mechanisms can account for most human behavior.

False

True or False? According to the SSSM, learning mechanisms tend to be specialized.

False

True or False? According to the SSSM, nature and nurture work together in the development of every trait.

False

True or False? According to the detention effect, more recently encountered information is more likely to be recalled.

False

True or False? According to the mismatch hypothesis, many of our current problems are due to the fact that our current environment is identical to our EEA.

False

True or False? EP advocates the nature/ nurture dichotomy.

False

True or False? EP assumes that behavior is mostly genetic in nature.

False

True or False? EP currently dominates the field of psychology.

False

True or False? EP embraces the concept of the blank slate.

False

True or False? EP has been widely studied and accepted by psychologists.

False

True or False? Emotions are the cognitive component of motivation.

False

True or False? Genetically based traits are unresponsive to the environment.

False

True or False? Hyperactivity has been shown to be harmful in our EEA.

False

True or False? Jealousy is considered one of the five basic emotions.

False

True or False? Mendel proposed the mechanism of natural selection to account of how evolution could occur.

False

True or False? Natural selection works by creating new alternatives.

False

True or False? Norms of reaction provide the key to understanding the influence of genetics on behavior.

False

True or False? The comparative method allows us to study the structures of adaptations.

False

True or False? The concept of "universal people" supports the claim that most of human behavior is determined by the environment.

False

True or False? The more you exercise, the more you eat.

False

True or False? The number of fingers we have is an example of a facultative trait.

False

True or False? Traits that are affected by a single gene are called polygenic traits.

False

Perceptual abilities evolved to guide actions that lead to _______.

Fitness

The comparative method allows us to study the _______ of adaptations.

Functions

The pace of evolution is ultimately governed by a species _______ _______.

Generation time

Natural selection can only act on traits with a _______basis.

Genetic

The extent to which individual differences are caused by genetic differences is known as _______.

Genetics

Our actual genetic code is called the _______.

Genotype

Sex cells are always in the _______ state.

Haploid

A cell with two identical genes is _______ in nature.

Homozygous

Recessive genes can only be expressed in the _______state.

Homozygous

_______ _______, such as the peacock's tail, provide reliable evidence of mate quality.

Honest signals

A cell with two _______ genes is homozygous in nature.

Identical

Honest signals, such as the peacock's tail, provide reliable evidence of _______ _______.

Mate quality

The mind is arranged in a _______ fashion.

Modular

_______ _______ cues require only one eye.

Monocular depth

New alleles are formed by _______.

Mutation

Most _______ categories are organized by typicality.

Natural

_______ _______ acting on our phenotypes determines what alleles get passed on to the next generation.

Natural selection

_______ _______ is the tendency for those best suited to the current environment to produce more offspring.

Natural selection

The _______ _______ is the mistaken idea that an evolutionary approach excuses many of the evils in society on the basis that they are "natural".

Naturalistic Fallacy

There are no _______ emotions.

Neutral

For polygenic traits, the population will always include considerable scatter around the _______ _______.

Optimum value

What is an example of an honest signal?

Peacock's tail

_______ _______ evolved to guide actions that lead to fitness.

Perceptual abilities

Natural selection acting on our _______ determines what alleles get passed on to the next generation.

Phenotypes

_______ are chemical messengers that govern sexual behavior.

Pheromones

For _______ traits, the population will always include considerable scatter around the optimum value.

Polygenic

_______ questions are concerned mostly with the underlying mechanism of a behavior or trait.

Proximate

Sexual selection favors traits that increase mate _______ for the "slow" sex.

Quality

_______ _______ permits us to adjust our sensitivity to a stimulus over a wide range of stimulus intensities.

Range shifting

_______ genes can only be expressed in the homozygous state.

Recessive

_______ provides a plausible evolutionary explanation for altruism.

Reciprocity

_______ traits increase the fitness of the self, but decrease the fitness of neighbors.

Selfish

_______ _______ allow us to ignore unchanging stimuli while making us more sensitive to changes that do occur.

Sensory adaptations

Unlike natural selection, sexual selection typically leads to the evolution of _______ _______.

Sex differences

Unlike natural selection, _______ _______ typically leads to the evolution of sex differences.

Sexual selection

_______ _______ favors traits that provide benefits in the mating context.

Sexual selection

_______ _______, in part, is caused by the sex differences in reproductive rates.

Sexual selection

Sexual selection favors traits that increase mate quality for the " _______" sex.

Slow

Threats to _______ are the most common reason for violence among men.

Status

_______ refers to adaptations that fail in novel environments.

Susceptibility

The _______ _______ of _______ is the idea that life forms can be ordered in a ladder of complexity and sophistication.

The Great Chain of Being

True or False? A cell with two identical genes is homozygous in nature.

True

True or False? Adaptations tend to be specific.

True

True or False? Agreeableness is considered one of the big five personality traits.

True

True or False? All motives are equally biological.

True

True or False? All natural categories are organized by typicality.

True

True or False? Body weight appears to be maintained by a feedback system with a set point.

True

True or False? Bounded rationality relies heavily on fast and frugal heuristics.

True

True or False? Co-evolution can lead to an evolutionary arms race.

True

True or False? Co-evolution occurs when one species influences the evolution of another.

True

True or False? Cognitive impenetrability refers to the fact that some cognitive functions occur at an unconscious level and are not affected by conscious awareness.

True

True or False? Darwin was the first person to formalize the concept of evolution.

True

True or False? Different versions of the same gene are called alleles.

True

True or False? EP argues that there are probably many types of intelligences.

True

True or False? EP mainly focuses on adaptations that are common to all people, not differences.

True

True or False? EP offers the means to discover key environmental triggers of behavior.

True

True or False? For polygenic traits, the population will always include considerable scatter around an optimal value.

True

True or False? Forgetting has an adaptive purpose.

True

True or False? Honest signals, such as the peacock's tail, provide reliable evidence of mate quality.

True

True or False? Instead of asking if its nature or nurture, EP prefers to ask why the environment has a particular effect.

True

True or False? It is easier to detect anger than happiness.

True

True or False? Monocular depth cues require only one eye.

True

True or False? Most intelligence tests were designed to predict success in school, an evolutionarily novel setting.

True

True or False? Most natural categories seem to be organized by typicality.

True

True or False? Natural selection acting on our phenotypes determines what alleles get passed on to the next generation.

True

True or False? Natural selection is the tendency for those best suited in the current environment to produce more offspring.

True

True or False? Natural selection produces designs for reproduction called adaptations.

True

True or False? New alleles are formed by mutation.

True

True or False? Our actual genetic code is called the genotype.

True

True or False? Our ancestors ate more protein than is found in our current diet.

True

True or False? Our weight is an example of a facultative trait.

True

True or False? Perceptual abilities evolved to guide actions that lead to fitness.

True

True or False? Pheromones are chemical messengers that govern sexual behavior.

True

True or False? Proximate questions are concerned mostly with the the underlying mechanisms of a behavior or trait.

True

True or False? Range shifting permits us to adjust our sensitivity to a stimulus over a range of stimulus intensities.

True

True or False? Recessive genes can only be expressed in the homozygous state.

True

True or False? Reciprocity provides a plausible evolutionary explanation for altruism.

True

True or False? Selection acting on our phenotypes determines what alleles get passed on to the next generation.

True

True or False? Selection can only act on traits with a genetic basis.

True

True or False? Selfish traits increase the fitness of the self, but decrease the fitness of neighbors.

True

True or False? Sensory adaptations allow us to ignore unchanging stimuli,while making us more sensitive to changes that do occur.

True

True or False? Sex cells are always in the haploid state.

True

True or False? Sexual selection favors traits that increase mate quality for the "slow" sex.

True

True or False? Sexual selection favors traits that provide benefits in the mating context.

True

True or False? Sexual selection is caused, in part, by sex differences in reproductive rates.

True

True or False? Susceptibility refers to adaptations that fail in novel environments.

True

True or False? The Great Chain of Being is the idea that life forms can be ordered in a ladder of complexity and sophistication.

True

True or False? The SSSM conflicts with EP.

True

True or False? The concept of the "blankslate" states that the human mind has no inborn tendencies or inclinations.

True

True or False? The environment in which an organism evolved is known as its EEA or environment of evolutionary adaptedness.

True

True or False? The extent to which individual differences are caused by genetic differences is known as genetics.

True

True or False? The mind is arranged in a modular fashion.

True

True or False? The naturalistic fallacy is the mistaken idea that an evolutionary approach excuses many of the evils in society on the basis that they are "natural".

True

True or False? The pace of evolution is ultimately governed by a species generation time.

True

True or False? The things we go to school to learn make use of modules that evolved for other purposes.

True

True or False? There are no neutral emotions.

True

True or False? Threats to status are the most common reason for violence among men.

True

True or False? Ultimate questions focus on "why".

True

True or False? Unlike natural selection, sexual selection typically leads to the evolution of sex differences.

True

True or False? We value intelligence and personality because they are signals for useful resources.

True

Most natural categories are organized by _______.

Typicality

_______ questions focus on "why".

Ultimate

Perceptual abilities evolved to guide _______ that lead to fitness.

Actions

Natural selection produces designs for reproduction called _______.

Adaptations

_______ tend to be specific.

Adaptations

The comparative method allows us to study the functions of _______.

Adaptations.

Different versions of the same gene are called _______.

Alleles

New _______ are formed by mutation.

Alleles

Reciprocity provides a plausible evolutionary explanation for _______.

Altruism

All motives are equally _______.

Biological

The concept of a " _______ _______" states that the human mind has no inborn tendencies or inclinations.

Blank slate

_______ _______ relies heavily on fast and frugal heuristics.

Bounded rationality

_______- _______ can lead to an evolutionary arms race.

Co- evolution

_______- _______ occurs when one species influences the evolution of another.

Co-evolution

_______ _______ refers to the fact that some cognitive functions can occur at an unconscious level and are not affected by conscious awareness.

Cognitive impenetrability

The _______ method allows us to study the functions of adaptations.

Comparative

_______ proposed the mechanism of natural selection to account of how evolution could occur.

Darwin

_______ was the first person to formalize the concept of evolution.

Darwin

_______ versions of the same gene are called alleles.

Different

The environment in which an organism evolved is known as its EEA or _______ of _______ _______.

Environment of evolutionary adaptedness

The pace of _______ is ultimately governed by a species generation time.

Evolution

Co-evolution can lead to an _______ _______ _______.

Evolutionary arms race