Ethics Final
One textbook case study explores video games. According to that overview, Aristotle would have probably believed video games are not morally harmful because everyone knows video games are not real.
False
Tanha is the mindset of the enlightened one.
False
The first Buddha lived after the time of Jesus
False
The original Buddha said there were angels, demons, and one all powerful god.
False
Utilitarianism accepts the Dependency Thesis.
False
Virtue Ethics is a form of utilitarianism.
False
Virtue ethics is the same theory as Kantianism/Deontology.
False
Virtue theorists like Aristotle are relativists. He thought morality was based on on individual or cultural approval.
False
Virtue theory is focused more on principles than persons.
False
Zen Buddhists use riddles that cannot be solved by the intellect. These riddles are called cosas.
False
One criticism against divine command theory is it means God could make anything right simply by commanding it. For example, God could make torturing babies right simply by commanding it.
True
One problem with the option that "God commands it because he recognizes it as good" is that it makes God something less than the greatest possible being.
True
Ross's duty of beneficence requires that we improve the condition of others.
True
Some current buddhists believe in an afterlife and some don't.
True
The autonomy thesis is the idea that morality does not depend on God.
True
Virtue theory reverses things and argues that your primary motivation is to become a virtuous person, to train yourself to "naturally" do what is right.
True
"Although dropping the atomic bombs on these cities will kill many noncombatants, including women and children, I believe we should drop the atomic bombs because it will save more lives in the end." This argument is based on Kantianism, not Utilitarianism.
False
"I ought to take nursing classes because I want to be a nurse" is a categorical imperative.
False
A Virtue Ethicist would most likely argue that we should not lie simply because it is not in our long term self interest. Hint: is this ethical egoism, utilitarianism, or virtue theory?
False
A deontologist believes an act is good if it produces the best consequences (e.g the most happiness).
False
A utilitarian is more likely than a deontologist to say "We ought never execute an innocent person no matter how good the consequences may be."
False
A virtue theorist believes a virtuous person is one who does their duty even though they don't usually feel compassion or love for others. A virtuous person does good to avoid punishment.
False
According to Aristotle, it is more difficult to be viceful than virtuous (video).
False
According to Kant, happiness is good in itself. All forms of happiness are morally good.
False
According to the Categorical Imperative, I should not make a false promise to get money because doing so will lead to more suffering than pleasure for everyone. Hint: is this a utilitarian, egoist, or Kantian reason?
False
According to virtue theory, I have the virtue of kindliness if I act kindly in one situation (but not consistently).
False
According to your textbook, an intuitionist like Ross must be a subjectivist.
False
Aristotle believed moral virtues are those you are born with.
False
As a child, Buddha was very poor.
False
Bob believes we should not kill innocents because it is against God's commands. John believes it is wrong to kill innocents because it is wrong to cause unnecessary suffering, and killing innocents will lead to the collapse of society. John, not Bob, is the divine command theorist.
False
Buddha diagnosed the cause of human suffering in the form of five truths..
False
Buddha was his original name (at birth).
False
Divine Command Theory is a form of ethical relativism (i.e. prescriptive relativism).
False
Divine Command Theory is a form of utilitarianism because theists only want to maximize the greatest happiness.
False
Divine command theory entails that some things must be morally right no matter what God might command.
False
In one of the case studies in your textbook, a priest kills a prostitute because she is behaving badly. His defense is Divine Command Theory (God told him to kill her).
False
In the 3 shopkeepers case (video), Kant argued only the second shopkeeper is moral because only the second shopkeeper acts from the emotions of empathy and love.
False
Kant believes you should treat every person as a means, not as an end. He also believes the ends justify the means.
False
Kant outlined two types of duties or imperatives: hypothetical and categorical. The hypothetical imperative is the source of morality.
False
Meditation is most closely aligned with steps three and four of the eightfold path.
False
In 2004, The French senate approved a controversial new law prohibiting the wearing of "conspicuous" religious symbols in public schools.
True
One criticism against Kantianism is that it doesn't consider consequences and consequences are an important part of morality.
True
I will not lie to the Nazis asking me if I am hiding Jews because it is always wrong to lie." This argument is based on Kantianism, not Utilitarianism.
True
"Although I could use the money better than the owner, I should return his wallet I found because it is simply wrong to take that which is not mine." This argument is based on Kantianism, not Utilitarianism.
True
According to Aristotle and your textbook case study, our moral characters are formed not just by our choices and actions, but also by the environment we are born into. He called this moral luck.
True
According to Ross, some moral truths are known by intuition. Just as mature and thoughtful people can just see that 2+2=4, so sincere and thoughtful people can see that we ought to keep our promises.
True
According to your textbook author, there is a third option. God could be the basis of morality but not how we come to know about morality.
True
According to your textbook, one criticism against virtue theory is it cannot explain why some acts are morally right (i.e. explaining right acts are those a virtuous person would do does not explain what makes them right).
True
Both Kantians and utilitarians reject egoism.
True
Buddha was raised in the Hindu religion/tradition.
True
For Aristotle, the virtue is the mean between two extreme vices (the video).
True
I believe it is always wrong to rape a person. This makes me an absolutist about rape.
True