Ethics Quiz 2

A professional is

-A person bound by values and standards -Seeks to promote standards of excellence -Evaluated and seeks approval from peers

Moral problems are

-Complex -Dynamic -Uncertain -Conflict

A profession is

-Complex -Organized occupation -Includes extensive training -Exclusive group -Formed through a social process

How did nurses evaluate their own status and make changes to be identified as a profession?

-Conducted research -Educational shift -Politics -Increasing autonomy -Extending boundaries -Code of ethics

Professional status

-Entrusts the education to institutions of higher education -Applies its body of knowledge in practical services -Functions autonomously -Attracts individuals of intellectual and personal qualities -A profession strives to compensate its practitioners

Multiple stakeholders

-People with interest in a situation

Code of ethics

-Primary goals and values of nursing -One criterion of a profession -Values that regulate the conduct of members

Nursing codes of ethics

-Reflection moral values and perceptions about nursing -Gain a better perspective -History of nursing as a profession

State of ease properties

1. Becoming 2. Professionalizing 3. Institutionalizing 4. Working

Moral dilemma occurs when

A choice is required between two options; equally unfavorable; defy a clear solution

In which way are nurses autonomous? A. Abiding by a physician's order B. Being responsible and accountable for their actions C. Ensuring physicians are providing proper care D. Following an institution's policies and procedures

B. Being responsible and accountable for their actions

Which step of ethical decision making includes identifying the key persons involved in the decision-making process? A. Articulate the problem and determine a realistic goal B. Evaluate outcomes and revise plan if needed C. Gather data and identify conflicting moral claims D. Select and implement a strategy

C. Gather data and identify conflicting moral claims

Genevieve and Roy Bixler's conclusion

Nursing was not a true profession

What is the first step of ethical decision making? A. Articulate the problem and determine a realistic goal. B. Explore potential strategies C. Gather data and identify conflicting moral claims D. Select and implement a strategy

A. Articulate the problem and determine a realistic goal.

How is ethical decision making similar to or different from the nursing process? A. Both involve very similar steps, including gathering data, implementing interventions or strategies, and evaluating outcomes B. Ethical decision making requires the nurse to take into consideration the nurse's own personal values, where the nursing process does not. C. The nursing process always comes to a rapid conclusion for a plan of care, where ethical decision making always takes a very long time to reach a conclusion. D. The nursing process is much less scientific than the decision-making process

A. Both involve very similar steps, including gathering data, implementing interventions or strategies, and evaluating outcomes

According to Callahan, what role do emotions play in ethical decisions? A. Both reason and emotion should be active and in accord when making ethical decisions. B. Ethical decisions should be based solely on emotion. C. Ethical decisions should be based solely on reason. D. Emotion plays more of a part in ethical decision making when the decision effects you personally.

A. Both reason and emotion should be active and in accord when making ethical decisions.

How does expertise interrelate with professionalism in nursing? A. Expertise is an essential characteristic of professionals. B. Expertise is an optional characteristic of professionals. C. Expertise is not an essential characteristic of professionals. D. Professionals do not require expertise.

A. Expertise is an essential characteristic of professionals.

What is true about practical dilemmas in nursing? A. Practical dilemmas are grounded in self-interest. B. Practical dilemmas are the same as moral dilemmas. C. Practical dilemmas take precedence over moral dilemmas. D. Practical dilemmas usually involve beneficence.

A. Practical dilemmas are grounded in self-interest.

Moral outrage

Anger that occurs when one person perceives that another has violated a moral standard or principle such as justice, respect or beneficence

How does unity relate to nursing's professional status? A. A nurse asks a colleague for assistance when experience is lacking. B. A nurse is part of a professional association working to improve health care law. C. Nurses are able to care for patients without knowing any background information. D. Nurses on the same shift gather together to discuss better working hours.

B. A nurse is part of a professional association working to improve health care law.

Moral distress

Occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action

Ethical dilemma

Occurs with conflicting moral claims

How does accountability relate to professionalism in nursing? A. Accountability does not relate to professionalism in nursing. B. Nurses and the nursing profession itself must be both responsible and accountable. C. Nurses, as professionals, are not accountable for their actions. D. Nursing standards must be practical and reasonable.

B. Nurses and the nursing profession itself must be both responsible and accountable.

A nurse is in an elevator and hears two other nurses making fun of an older adult patient who was crying because the patient was just told she has hepatitis C. Which type of moral stress is this nurse feeling? A. Distress B. Outrage C. Reckoning D. Reflection

B. Outrage

What does authority mean as it relates to nursing? A. Exercising power over patients B. Receiving the ability to practice via legal statute C. Showing professional accountability when caring for a patient D. Using autonomy in making patient decisions

B. Receiving the ability to practice via legal statute

Why do nurses need a code of ethics? A. To allow nurses to provide feedback to other nurses B. To convey the values that regulate member conduct C. To ensure nursing is considered a profession D. To guarantee that new nurses know their responsibilities

B. To convey the values that regulate member conduct

When does moral uncertainty occur? A. When moral claims compete with nonmoral claims B. When one is unsure of the morally correct action to take C. When options include conflicting moral claims D. When two options that are equally unfavorable

B. When one is unsure of the morally correct action to take

How do standards of nursing practice ensure nursing accountability? A. Allowing nurses to work outside their scope of practice when needed B. Describing the boundaries of nursing practice C. Establishing the minimum expectations for safe nursing care D. Helping nurses deal with how to make their own decisions

C. Establishing the minimum expectations for safe nursing care

Situational binds

Cause turmoil when a nurses core beliefs and other claims conflict

During the stage of ease

Core beliefs and values motivate nurses to uphold congruent professional and institutional norms

In which example does a nurse's autonomy collide with ethics? A. A healthcare provider informs the patient about a procedure but doesn't ask if the client understands. B. A healthcare provider tells a patient the office will no longer see the patient due to noncompliance. C. A patient who has diabetes insists on having candy. D. A patient who is prescribed an opioid for pain upon hospitalization who is also a recovering drug abuser.

D. A patient who is prescribed an opioid for pain upon hospitalization who is also a recovering drug abuser.

Which ethic demonstrates respect for persons and the desire to do good for this particular patient on this particular day? A. Ethic of empathy B. Ethic of justice C. Ethic of respect D. Ethic of responsiveness

D. Ethic of responsiveness

What must a nurse do when making a thoughtful decision? A. Act on instinct, the first choice is usually the right one. B. Ask colleagues to make the decision instead. C. First see if the situation will resolve on its own. D. Gather data and compare options

D. Gather data and compare options

What is moral integrity? A. A character trait that includes a delicate and profound awareness of other people's feelings B. The feeling or emotion that one has when recognizing the suffering of another coupled with the desire to alleviate or prevent the suffering C. The recognition of duty to patient. D. The wholeness and stability of character that leads to trustworthiness.

D. The wholeness and stability of character that leads to trustworthiness.

According to Rasmussen, why is it important for nurses to have a strong professional identity? A. To better leverage time off for personal care B. To get patients to obey them without question C. To have others in healthcare realize their importance D. To increase quality of care and recruit nursing students

D. To increase quality of care and recruit nursing students

What does it mean for a nurse to "take care of" a patient? A. Being committed to alleviating a patient's vulnerabilities B. Centering attention and concern on the patient C. Preserving dignity and humanity D. Using skillful practice and a scientific approach to providing care

D. Using skillful practice and a scientific approach to providing care

Context

Describes the patient's world

Dilemma exists when

Difficult problems have no satisfactory solutions or when all the solutions appear equally unfavorable

The process of becoming

Every person evolves a set of core beliefs and values, which are a product of lifelong learning about what is important and how to behave in society

Professionalizing

Internalization of professional norms

Uncertainty

Lack of predictability

Practical dilemmas

Moral claims have greater weight

In decisions involving practical dilemmas

Moral claims hold greater weight than nonmoral claims

Flexner referred to nursing was

Not a profession

Institutionalizing

Process of internalizing institutional social norms

Moral uncertainty occurs when we?

Sense a moral problem but are not sure of the morally correct action; are unsure which moral principles or values apply; are unable to define the moral problem

Becoming

Signifies core beliefs and values of the individual

Moral reckoning

The nurse's core beliefs come into irreconcilable conflict with social or institutional norms

Who is the major stakeholder?

The patient

Working

Unique and fulfilling experience of the work of nursing