EVDS1670part2

Yinka Shonibare, Scramble for Africa, 2003

- 14 life-size fibreglass mannequins, dutch wax painted cotton -Berlin conference, of 1884-1885 arguing over which pieces of Africa they want to claim for themselves - it may appear that these men were dressed in African clothing, but they were wearing typical men's clothes in 19th century Europe - artist replaces wool/silk with dutch wax print fabric, suggesting that is European and what is Africa are not early separated.

Jaune Quick-to-See Smith, The Red Mean: Self Portrait

- Acrylic, newspaper, collage and mixed media on canvas -borrowing of Leonardo Vitruvian Man, which emphasizes the perfection the the human body, with a number sticker "made in the use" above an ID number silhouette inside the red X signifies the nuclear radiation and allusion to uranium mines on some Indian reservations and the use of reservations as temporary repositories for nuclear waste - collage and Native American newspapers in the background -self-portrait includes ethnic identity, life on the reservation and allusions to the history of western art.

Tapa (Siapo Vala), Samoa, 20th Century

- Bark cloth usually made by women and used throughout Polynesia for clothing, sails.,mats and ceremonial purposes including wrapping the dead -wooden mallets leave impressions like watermarks in the cloth - called soap in soma, made by stripping inner bark from branches of paper mulberry tree

The Goddess Coatlicue, Mexico, Aztec

- Basalt, 8'6" Mother of the Mexica God Huitzilopochtli - "she of the serpent skirt" - her son survived but Coatlique was decapitated, her head replaced by a pair of serpents, symbols of gushing blood - necklace of human hands, hearts and a skull -original colours would have increased dramatic impact

the Palace Museum, Forbidden City

- Beijing, Ming Dynasty - Officials lived in northern or inner city, commoners lived in southern or outer city -plan reflects ancient Chinese beliefs about harmony of universe - emphasizes on emperor's role as Son of Heaven, whose duty was to maintain cosmic order and throne in middle of the world.

Broad-shouldered Jar, Korea, Jose Dynasty

- Decorated with fruiting grapevine - porcelain painted with underglaze iron-brown slip - porcelain jars with bulginging shoulders, slender bases and short verical necks are uniquely Korean and came to be the most characteristic ceramic shapes in the later Joseon period + Typically Korean work lacks borders around the painting, resulting in a balanced yet asymmetrical design

The Founding of Tenochtitlan, Page from Cosex Mendoza, Mexico Aztec

- Drawn by Azetc scribe for Spanish viceroy in 1545 - ink and colour on paper - for part garden similar to Persian garden and Taj ma Hall - centre of the page is an eagle perched on a prickly pear cactus, growing from a stone ( the symbol of the city) - blue waterways divide city into four quadrants surrounded by lake - early leaders are shown in the four quadrants

Toshusai Sharaku Otani Oniji II as Yakko Edobe 1794 Nishiki-e woodblock print

- Edo period - Polychrome woodblock print with ink, colours and white mica on paper - pictures of the floating world - Ukiyo (Floating world) - Kabuki actor with crossed eyes, craning neck and stylized gestures captures a moment in an action packed drama with intensity favoured in kabuki performances.

TEVE TUPUHIA Marquesan man tattooed in 1980 by Samoan Lese I'io.

- First marquesas in modern times to be fully tattooed - Traditional art form had died out in the marquesas due to bans by French colonial administrators and catholic missionaries, but continued in Samoa - tattoos based on designs on drawings made by George langsdorff, Germans naturalist who visited the marquesas in 1804 - each design had a name and a meaning - especially for men tattoos demonstrated courage

Horizontal Wine Bottle with Decoration of a Bird Carrying a Newly Caught Fish

- Fluid, calligraphic brushwork in iron-brown slip on a white slip ground - instead of floral decor, the wine bottle features pictorial decoration -bird in flight grasps a fish, two lotus blossoms frame the scene + Japanese invaders destroyed many buncheong-style kilns and took potters to japan to back bunching-style wares, which inspired Japanese ceramics to this day.

Krishna and the Gopis, Mughal period

- From Gita Govinda - Gouache on paper -boldy patterned plants express springtime and heightened emotional tension of the scene -black landscape edged in white horizon line - fabric patterns display some individuality Rajput painting in which Krishna dallies with cowherds - cowherd Radha looks through trees jealously

Frederick Stevens, Victoria Terminus, Mumbai, India, 1887

- Gothic Revival style during British Raj - emphasizes British imperial power by cathedral architecture = train station and decorated with personifications of progress, commerce, agriculture and science -turretlike domes - used to have a picture of queen Victoria, but its been removed

Bill Reid, The Spirit of Haida Gwaii

- Haida, Bronze - Metaphor for Canada's multicultural society - depicts boatload of figures from natural and mythical worlds struggling to paddle forward - Shman dominates the composition with a bear in the chiefs position on the prow - eagle is bitten by seawolf, and raven steers from the stern - mouse woman is traditional guide and escort of humans in spirit world

Zhao Mengfu, Sheep and Goat, Yuan Dynasty

- Handscroll with ink on paper - Mengfu descended from the imperial line of Song, but chose to serve the Yuan government making literati paintings - goat on right is lifelike, while sheep on left is more abstract with patterned body. - unassuming brushwork, spare use of colour, traditional painting convey personal meaning.

Bunsei, Landscape, Muromachi Period

- Hanging scroll with ink and light colours on paper - pupil of Shubun, Japans first great master of ink landscape painting -influenced by Zen aesthetics and Chinese-style landscapes in ink -foreground: with overlapping motifs; pine tree rock, poet in hermitage, fence around small garden of trees and bambo -middleground: open space meant to be read as water distant shore echoes foreground pure, lonely, serene spirit of poetic landscape tradition

Wang Hui, A Thousand Peaks and Myriad Ravines, 1693

- Hanging scroll with ink on paper -motifs from an old tradition; mountains, rivers, waterfalls. trees,,rocks, temples,pavilions.houses,boats, wandering scholars, and fishers -china's scholars became officials to fulfill their obligation to the world - Daoism, withdrew from society in order to come to terms with nature and the universe.

Llama, from Bolivia or Peru

- Inca, found near Bolivia lake Titicaca - Cast sliver with gold and cinnabar - buried as an offering - llama was thought to have special connection with the sun rain and fertility. - llamas were sacrificed with the sun every morning in Cuzco - this figurine is rendered with a few well chosen details. but keeps Andeans value of textiles - simple sculpture, detailed textiles

Maria Montoya Martinez and Julian Martinez, black ware storage, New Mexico

- Inspired by archaeological excavations and then-fashionable Art Deco style -Maria made pots covered with slip that was then burnished - Julian painted the pots with designs interpreting traditional pueblo and ancestral pueblo imagery - after firing, burnished ground became lustrous black and the slip painting retained matte surface

Exterior of Korambo (Haus Tambaran)

- Kinbangwa village - Abelam Papua, New Guinea live in hamlets that include sleeping houses, cooking houses, storehouses for yams - the korambo is a source of prestige for an hamlet, along with the size of their yams -construction of the korambo is accompanied by ritual ceremonies held in early morning while women and boys sleep

Amaranth, Yun Shouping

- Leaf from album of flowers, bamboo, fruits and vegetables - Orthodox bird and flower style of favoured by Qing Court - recalls aspects of song and Yuan-dynasty bird and flower painting - depicts flowers of the autumn season

Raharuhi Rukupo, master carver, Te-Hau-Ki-Turanga

- Maori meeting house stands on an open plaza - meeting house the tribes founding ancestor, ridgepole is the backbone, rafters are the ribs, slanting bargeboards are the outstretched - face appears in gable mask - figures of ancestors supporting structures - koru patterns (young tree form) dominates decorative pattern

Horseshoeback Armchair

- Ming Dynasty - Huanghuali wood -Carved pieces fit together by sorties-and-tenon joints - simple, clear, symmetrical, balanced style - formal and dignified but natural and simple - virtues

In Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks painting by Yin Hong

- Ming Dynasty - hanging scroll with ink colour on silk -Song style, but large format and attention to detail are ming straits - homage of the birds to the peacocks represents homage of court officials to imperial state

Garden of the Cessation of Official Life (The Humble Administrator's Garden), Suzhou

- Ming Dynasty - many literati's surrounded their homes with gardens - reflects basic ideas of original Ming owner - attitudes to administrative services - once served time, was a place for retirement

Himeji Castle, Hyogo Prefecture near Osaka, Japan 1609

- Momoyama Period - castles became fortified garrisons to protect them from cannons and muskets - "White Heron" is sited on a hill overlooking plains and is approached by maze like angular paths under sleep walls - narrow ladders lead to the top chamber of the main building, which has a 360 view of the surrounding countryside

Taj Mahal, Agra, India

- Mughal Period -illuminated tomb in white marble - reserved for tombs of saints -minarets flank tomb -Built by Shah Jahan for his wife who died during childbirth - plan reflects eight paradises, with eight small chambers ringing the interior

Shen Zhou, Poet on a Mountaintop

- Part of a hand scroll - Ming Dynasty - Essence of Ming literati paintings - tight synthesis of poetry, calligraphy and painting with harmony of mind and landscape - human figure dominates landscape, unlike earlier paintings - poem hangs in air as if the figure were projecting his thoughts

Suzuki Harunobu, The Flowers of Beauty in the Floating World, Edo Period

- Polychrome woodblock print on paper - Geisha and trainee view the harbour at Edo, the largest city in the world at its time. - women smokes tobacco (western import), from a pipe while girl uses a telescope (another western import) to view the boats at the bay

Katsyshika Hokusai, the Great Wave, Edo period,

- Polychrome woodblock print on paper - during first half of 19th century, pictures of famous sights of Japan were popular - most famous serious from 36 views of Mount Fuji repetition of forms in waves and Mount Fuji -Japonisme became the vogue in the west in the late 19th century first book on Hokusai was published in France

Flask, Ming Dynasty, 1426-1435

- Porcelain with decoration painted in underglaze cobalt blue - Palace Museum, Bejing Jiangxi Province, world-renowned centre of porcelain - dragons associated with powerful and sudden manifestations of nature, as well as superior beings - Dragons became imperial symbols during Han dynasty.

Plate with Wisteria and Trellis Pattern, Edo period

- Porcelain, with underglaze blue decoration and overglaze enamels. - porcelain production thrived in southern japan due to influxes or highly-skilled Korean potters and Artia became the centre of porcelain production - Nabeshima ware, were acquired by other noble families -

The Hour of Cowdust c. 1790 Gouache on paper

- Punjab Hills, India - Mughal period, Kangra School Style - Naturalism - Krishna, playing his flute. enters village with cowherds and cattle - diagonal movement draws viewer in pastel walls and houses gives painting depth - dark trees soften the horizon of the atmospheric sky

Machu Picchu, Peru

- Site of Macchu Picchu is on the ridge between two high peaks in the eastern Andes -narrow agricultural terraces decent into the valley -royal estate of ruler Pachacuti, purshaps a winter escape from high altitude -designed with sensitivity of the surrounding landscape - Inca

Tunic Peru Inca 1500

- Textiles of cotton and camelid fibres (Llama, vicuna and alpaca) were indication of wealth; cloth was a fitting gift for the Gods. - Patterns carried symbolic messages including indications of persons ethnic identity and social rank - each square in this tunic represents a miniature tunic with a different pattern and meaning - indicated status of Inca people

El Anatsui, Flag for a New World Power, 2004

- Wall Sculpture folds and undulates like textiles which provide part of the inspiration -anatsui studied Ghanaian surface design traditions as produced by Ewe and Ashanti textile artist - bottle caps

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo).

- Wood - stylized to convey is character not necessarily his likeness -Ndop with base decorated in interlocking diamond pattern, like yin's sleeping house -patterns are associated with royalty and appear on all yin's possessions -open hand symbol on side of drum was King Mishe's personal attribute and identified the node as his.

Dai Jin Returning Home Late from a Spring Outing Ming Dynasty

- Zhe style with roots in Hangzhou - Bolder and less constrained ming landscape style - Zhe style work became sources for Korean and Japanese artist, An Gyeon

Shigeyuki Kihara "Ulugali'i Samoa: Samoan Couple"

- kihara explores issues of culture, identity, stereotypes, authenticity, representation, and gender roles -colonial photographs were often made into postcards showing Pacific Islanders in stereotypical images of the south seas - couple are presented in traditional dress -kihara is fa'a fafine "third gender" and is blueing stereotyped ideas of who/what is a male or female original or copy, reality or perception

Chilkat Blanket (before 1928), Tlingit people, Northwest Coast

- prestigious collabartive work by men and women in the Tlingit tribe - men drew the patterns and women wove them without looms into blankets using shredded cedar bark and mountain-goat wool - pattern shows diving whale in central panel, and its body (or two ravens in profile) on either side -characteristic maze composed of two basic elements, ovoid and formline -wearing blanket made 2d pattern move in 3d

Flanders Style

- style based in northern France/ Flanders -sharply delineated forms, naturalistic promotions clear and usually cool colours, and use of perspective

Chiefs of the Agotime, Traditional Area during Agotime Kente Festiva

- wearing silk, or rayon kente cloth -volta region, Ghana - Ashanti culture, west Africa -weavers were traditionally men who work on small looms that produce long narrow strips of cloth that are then sewn together to form large rectangles -originally associated with royalty , but now is more widespread for festive attire or at special occasions.

Power figure (Nkisi n'kondi) Kongo people's (Democratic Republic of Congo).

- wood and metal -Bilongo (medicinal ingredients) may be placed on figures head. - more bilongo can be put in body cavities such as the belly, thought to be the seat of a persons life or soul - clients drive a nail, blade or other pointed object into the figure to wake Nkonde - pose is called, pakalala a stance of alertness

Members of Sierra Leonean Diaspora Community in London, Throwing cowries to determine the name of the Sowei Mask.

-All Sowei masks are named when made - the women sang songs and threw cowrie shells to see if the mask agreed to the name Gbavo meaning " to attract the attention of crowds" -

The Sukhothai Buddha (Thailand)

-Bronze - From wat Mahathat - Bangkok, Thailand - graceful, sometimes further enhanced as walking buddhas -smooth skin indicates royal upbringing, long arms and shoulders indicate someone born into warrior class + not depicting genitals refers to ascetic celibacy

Bandolier Bag

-Lenape (Delaware tribe, Eastern Woodlands) -Beadwork on wool fabric, cotton fabric and thread silk ribbon and glass beads -Native American artist began to acquire European coloured glass beads from Venice and Bohemia -European forms and motifs were adapted - decorated with paint motifs rather tan traditional rectilinear motifs + white outlines increase intensity of colours -n more organic shapes

Rock Garden, Ryoanji, Kyoto

-Muromachi period - flat rectangle of raked gravel surrounds 15 stones of different sizes in islands of moss - asymmetrical groups of two, three and five stones - plaster covered perimeter wall defines garden - borrowed scenery of maple, pine and cherry trees are considered part of the garden - viewing the garden is in harmony with Zen Buddhism - Monks maintained dry hardens as a load of active meditation - -contemplative meditation

Bodhisattva

-Pala Dynasty -Gilt-bronze - Pose of Royal Ease - Third eye (symbolizing his omniscience) - lotis blossom on palm (dharma)

Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Man's love Story

-Synthetic polymer paint on canvas -based on sand drawings used to convey tribal knowledge to initiates - seems abstract but conveys are narrative involving two mythical ancestors -richly symbolic imagery in what is basically a map showing the ancestors journeys -

Jimmy Midjaw Midjaw Three Dancers and Two Musicians: Corroboree of Mimi, Spirits of the Rocks Australia

-natural pigments on eucalyptus bark - corroborates are ceremonial meetings in which sacred objects songs and dancers are used to renew the supernatural powers of ancestors - group of mimi (spirits) tall, thin human like figures dance and play instruments - foggers are white black and red pigments

Lintel

A horizontal beam used to span an opening.

Grisaille

A monochrome painting done mainly in neutral grays to simulate sculpture.

linear perspective

A monocular cue for perceiving depth; the more parallel lines converge, the greater their perceived distance.

clay

A natural, earthly material that retains its shape and hardens when fired

Reformation

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

Tempera

A technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk, glue, or casein; also, the medium itself.

Diptych

A two-paneled painting or altarpiece.

column (architecture)

A vertical structure usually consisting of a base, a cylindrical shaft, and a capital, used as a support or standing alone as a monument.

The Netherlands

Amsterdam, The Hague

Jains

An Indian religious community that teaches compassion for all beings

Raj

British rule after India came under the British crown during the reign of Queen Victoria

Underglaze

Colored decoration applied to bisqued clay, then coated with a clear glaze. Typically made of clay slip and raw pigment.

Mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci

High Renaissance

Vitruvian Man, Leonardo da Vinci

High Renaissance

Mughal

Muslim dynasty that ruled much of present-day India from 1526 to 1857

tattoo

Tattooing is an art form and form of body modification where a pigment is inserted into a skin to change its color permanently.

nayaks

This Hindi term means 'leader' or 'hero' or 'chief' or 'protagonist' Antonym

Rebirth

What does Renaissance mean?

England

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Keystone

a central stone at the summit of an arch, locking the whole together.

Sgraffito

a decorating technique where a layer of slip applied to a clay body is scratched through to reveal the clay color

roof terrace

a patio on the top of the house

still life

a scene of inanimate objects, such as fruits, flowers, or motionless animals

blind arcade

a series of arches in relief , with blocked openings

garden

an area of ground where plants (such as flowers or vegetables) are grown

Finial

an ornament at the top of a spire or gable

Kiln

an oven used for making pottery

Tenebrism

dramatic use of intense darkness and light to heighten the impact of a painting

Quadratura / "di sotto in su"

illusionistic ceiling painting

slip

liquid clay

Rustication

masonry with a very rough surface

arabesque

ornate design featuring intertwined curves; a ballet position in which one leg is extended in back while the other supports the weight of the body

oil paint

paint made of pigment suspended in oil

genre painting

painting in which scenes of everyday life are depicted

Celadon

porcelain with an unusual blue-green glaze

cosmology

study of the universe

High Renaissance

the artistic style of early 16th century painting in Florence and Rome

death

the cessation, or end, of life

intonaco

the final, very thin layer of plaster on which a fresco is painted

basement

the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level

Counter Reformation

the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected)

Chiaroscuro

the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting

fool the eye

trompe l'oeil