Evolution Relationships; Cladograms; Populations Unit Test

Is species I the common ancestor of II and III? This is because the tree shows that all are equally in common but the roman numerals are recent branches.

Based on morphological characteristics, the phylogenetic tree above has been developed for species I, II, III and IV. DNA sequencing has recently been completed for a particular gene found in all four species. The sequencing will provide additional info for answering which of the following questions?

0.20

In a population of 1000 cows, 12 are white fur. Find the frequency of the white allele, the brown allele, and the frequencies of the three possible genotypes in the population. What is the genotype frequency of heterozygous Bb?

0.89

In a population of 1000 cows, 12 are white fur. Find the frequency of the white allele, the brown allele, and the frequencies of the three possible genotypes in the population. What is the allele frequency for B?

0.11

In a population of 1000 cows, 12 are white fur. Find the frequency of the white allele, the brown allele, and the frequencies of the three possible genotypes in the population. What is the allele frequency for b?

3

The cladogram above shows proposed phylogenetic relationships for several vertebrates. Selected derived traits are indicted on the cladogram by numbered labels. Based on the information presented, which of the derived traits is shared by alligators and manatees but not salamanders? Give your answer as the number label of a character indicated on the cladogram.

1-Extremely large populations 2-No Gene Flow 3-No Mutations 4-Random Mating 5-No Natural Selection

What conditions must be present in order for the null hypothesis (a population is not evolving) to take place?

A "Negative Trend"

What do you think a graph of population size would look like from year 1 to year 3?

About 9.5mm

What is the average depth of the finches beak in Year 1?

Just under 10mm

What was the average beak depth in 1978?

Stabilizing Selection

Which type of natural selection brings the opposite phenotype possibilities together creating a population where the phenotype is similar to both (C)

Directional Selection

Which type of natural selection forces the populations phenotype in one definite direction?

Elk tend to avoid riparian areas where the steep, wooded riverbanks make it difficult to escape predators.

Wolves, a top predator, were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after a 50-year absence. In a multiyear study, the numbers of wolves and elk were monitored. The data are shown in Figure 1. In two different environments scientists monitored the percent of aspen trees browsed by herbivores (Figure 2) as well as the growth of the trees (Figure 3). The upland environments consist mostly of flat forested areas. The riparian environments are areas along streams with steep, wooded banks. Based on the data, which of the following behaviors in elk could account for the differences between the percent of aspens browsed by herbivores and the height of aspen trees in riparian and upland environments?

Wolf populations increased more rapidly in the upland areas.

Wolves, a top predator, were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after a 50-year absence. In a multiyear study, the numbers of wolves and elk were monitored. The data are shown in Figure 1. In two different environments scientists monitored the percent of aspen trees browsed by herbivores (Figure 2) as well as the growth of the trees (Figure 3). The upland environments consist mostly of flat forested areas. The riparian environments are areas along streams with steep, wooded banks. Based on the data, which of the following is the best explanation for the changes in the elk population size between 2000 and 2005 ?

When the disease is introduced, they both go down

Wolves, a top predator, were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after a 50-year absence. In a multiyear study, the numbers of wolves and elk were monitored. The data are shown in Figure 1. In two different environments scientists monitored the percent of aspen trees browsed by herbivores (Figure 2) as well as the growth of the trees (Figure 3). The upland environments consist mostly of flat forested areas. The riparian environments are areas along streams with steep, wooded banks. Which of the following models best predicts the effect on the ecosystem if a deadly communicable disease is introduced into the wolf population?

A decrease in the elk population will cause wolves to feed on aspen trees.

Wolves, a top predator, were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after a 50-year absence. In a multiyear study, the numbers of wolves and elk were monitored. The data are shown in Figure 1. In two different environments scientists monitored the percent of aspen trees browsed by herbivores (Figure 2) as well as the growth of the trees (Figure 3). The upland environments consist mostly of flat forested areas. The riparian environments are areas along streams with steep, wooded banks. Which of the following predictions about the community is most likely true?