Evolve Questions

A toddler has developed lead poisoning. During the assessment the nurse learns that the toddler has a peanut allergy. The nurse is ordered to administer British antilewisite to the patient. What is the appropriate nursing action in this situation?

Question the order of British antilewisite.

Which characteristic is observed in latchkey children?

They prefer remaining isolated

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old boy. What does the nurse recognize as most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development?

Thought of becoming less self-centered

The nurse is caring for an adolescent brought to the hospital with acute drug toxicity. After the teen's acute needs are addressed, on what should nursing interventions be focused in the nonacute stage?

Thoughts of rehab

Which toddler behavior indicates negativism?

Throwing a temper tantrum when unable to open the door.

While reviewing the laboratory reports of a 12-month-old infant, the nurse finds that the infant has elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood. Which recommendation does the nurse give to the mother to ensure the infant's safety?

" You should not feed your child whole cow's milk

The nurse observes a child with aggressive behavior who has a high body mass index. During interaction with the parents, the nurse finds that the adolescent has irregular dietary habits. Which question should the nurse ask the parents as part of the assessment?

"How long does your child spend on the Internet per day?"

A 6-year-old child's parent tells the nurse that the child has a loose tooth and is worried about it. Which appropriate response does the nurse give to the child's parent?

"It is a normal finding at this age."

The registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about aggression among preschool-age children. Which statement made by a student nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

"Reinforcement occurs when a child imitates physically abusive parental behaviors."

The nurse has taught the parents of preschool children about techniques to minimize misbehavior in their children. Which statements made by the parents show an understanding of the instructions given? Select all that apply.

"We should reprimand our child in a firm but normal tone of voice." "We should set limits for our child with some friendly reminders." "We should recognize when our child is tired to prevent conflicts."

Although puberty can begin in either sex after the age of 8 years, at what age does puberty generally begin for girls and boys?

10 years for girls, 12 years for boys

What is the average age of second molar eruption in the child?

12-13 years

How long after the appearance of the first pubescent changes does the menarche, or the first menstruation, occur?

2 years

A child weighs 80 pounds and the height is 40 inches. What is the BMI of the child? Record your answer using a whole number

35

By what age would the nurse expect most children to use sentences of four or five words?

4 ½ years

The nurse works in a vaccination clinic. Which patients should receive the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine? Select all that apply.

A 12 month old baby with the flu A 14 month old baby allergic to eggs A breastfeeding mother

The nurse works in a pediatric care unit. Which patients in the unit are at a high risk of developing viremia?Select all that apply.

A patient who has late-stage blood cancer. A patient who has an immunologic disorder. A patient taking immunosuppressive therapy.

What should the nurse know about substance abuse?

A person can be physically dependent on a drug without being addicted.

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who tells the nurse of a plan to commit suicide. What should the nurse recognize about adolescents with suicide plans?

A plan to commit suicide should be taken seriously and proper protection and referrals are warranted.

The nurse is assessing a child with dental caries. On further assessment, the nurse finds that the child has been taking tricyclic antidepressants. Which condition is the child being treated for?

ADHD

Which statement is true concerning the increased use of telephone triage by nurses?

Access to high-quality health care services has increased with telephone triage

What can the nurse do to decrease pain when administering a haemophilus influenza type b (DTaP-Hib) vaccine and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)?

Administer the DTaP-Hib vaccine before the PCV.

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old patient with a severe burn injury and a newly placed skin graft. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize in the care of this patient?

Administration of pain medication.

During the handoff report, the nurse is told that the pediatric patient has the following assessment findings: fever of 100° F, malaise, coryza, a cough, conjunctivitis, and Koplik spots for the past 2 days. The patient is going to be admitted to the pediatric unit. The nurse expects to see orders for isolation precautions in the medical record. Which are appropriate isolation precautions for this illness?

Airborne precautions

The nurse provides a parent with nutritional counseling to ensure proper bone development in a 2-year-old child. During follow up visits, the nurse observes poor bone growth in the child. Which actions made by the parent may be responsible for this situation?

Allowing the child minimal exposure to sunlight.

A nurse is caring for a toddler with sickle cell disease. For which complication is this patient at risk?

Aplastic anemia

The nurse is caring for a child belonging to the Asian culture. The child is unwilling to eat the food provided in the hospital. What does the nurse do in this situation?

Ask the family member to get homemade food based on the child's diet plan.

How can the nurse avoid stimulating the cremasteric reflex when palpating a 2-year-old boy for the presence of testes?

Asking the boy to sit in the tailor position

At a community health center a nurse is explaining age-related behavior and developmental changes to the parents of a 6-year-old child. Which statements made by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.

At the age of 6 the child follows the actions of adults; at the sage of 6, the child feels more independent; at the age of 6 the child feels jealous of younger brothers or sisters

Which statement is most descriptive of the spiritual development of the older adolescent?

Beliefs become more abstract.

When is voluntary control of the anal and urethral sphincters typically achieved?

Between 18 and 24 months.

How is bulimia characterized?

Binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as fasting, excessive exercise, medications, or self-induced vomiting

What does the nurse infer about the family of a widowed patient married to a divorced woman who are raising their children together?

Blended family

A neonate is suspected of having sickle cell disease. What is the preferred collection source for diagnosis?

Blood

The parents of a 2-year-old have brought the child in after the child crawled into the kitchen cabinet and spilled ammonia. The child has diffuse red areas all over the skin. What does the nurse suspect

Chemical burn caused by the alkalinity of the ammonia.

A nurse is assessing a toddler who has enterobiasis. The tape test will be performed to identify the infective agent. What instruction does the nurse give to the parents?

Collect the sample in the morning when the child awakens.

Successful adaptation to the stress of transition to parenthood involves two types of family resources. Identify these two resources.Select all that apply.

Coping strategies Internal resources

What fine motor skills can the 3-year-old perform? Select all that apply.

Copying a circle Building a tower of nine cubes Building a bridge with three cubes

What is the most important goal in the care of an individual with anorexia nervosa?

Correcting malnutrition

A mother tells the nurse that her daughter's favorite toy is a large empty box that contained a stove. She plays "house" in it with her toddler brother. The nurse, drawing on knowledge of growth and development, recognizes what information from this activity?

Creative play that should be encouraged

What does the nurse recognize as a faith healing and religious ritual that can easily be mistaken for child abuse?

Cupping

A child is admitted to the hospital for whooping cough. The plan of care indicates that the nurse should assess the patient for signs of airway obstruction. For which signs will the nurse assess the child? Select all that apply.

Cyanosis, apprehension in the child, increased restlessness

The nurse has provided information to the parents of an infant about sites and routes of immunizations that have been administered to the infant. Which additional items need to be documented in the medical record?

Day, month, year of administration; manufacturer and lot number of vaccine; name, address, and the title of the person administering the vaccine

What is an essential part of a weight-reduction program for overweight adolescents?

Dietary counseling directed toward nutritional quality of the diet

A nurse is caring for a preschooler with stomatitis. What should the nurse apply?

Diphenhydramine solution

During the assessment, the nurse finds that the child watches television more than 6 hours per day. Based on this information, what further assessments should the nurse make? Select all that apply.

Drug abuse Alcoholism Eating disorder

The nurse observes that parents pressure the child to speak words that produce sounds beyond the child's developmental level. Which consequences of this parental action does the nurse warn the parents about? Select all that apply.

Dyslalia Infantile speech

During assessment the nurse finds that a child has poor muscle coordination. Which instruction does the nurse provide the parents to help develop muscle coordination in the child?

Encourage the child to swim.

The nurse notices that the family of a patient with cancer is under stress due to the patient's condition. The nurse intervenes with the family to help them cope with the stress and anxiety related to this crisis. The nurse's intervention is based on which theoretical model?

Family stress theory

What advice is appropriate for parents who are preparing to tell their children about their decision to divorce?

Give reassurance that the divorce is not the children's fault.

What should the nurse teach parents to prevent dental caries in a 2-year-old child.

Giving the child aged cheese, such as cheddar.

According to Erikson, in what stage of psychosocial development is the adolescent?

Identity versus identity confusion

What type of play is the most characteristic of preschoolers?

Imaginative

What does the nurse interpret when a child failed an item in Denver II?

It is a caution indicator

How does the onset of the pubertal growth spurt compare in girls and boys?

It occurs about 2 years earlier in girls than in boys.

The nurse is instructing a parent about appropriate quantities of vitamin D and calcium to be consumed for maintaining optimum health. Which of the nurse's statements pertaining to intake of vitamin D and calcium are appropriate? Select all that apply.

Milk and milk products should be included in the diet. Low-fat or skim milk is an excellent source of calcium. Fortified milk makes a very good source of vitamin D.

An adolescent girl is brought to the hospital emergency department by her parents after being raped. The girl is calm and controlled throughout the interview and examination. The nurse should recognize that this behavior is what?

One of a variety of behaviors normally seen in rape victims

What type of question is the priority for the nurse to include in an assessment during which an adolescent patient reports thoughts about death, apathy, isolation, and self-mutilation in the form of cutting?

Open-ended question to determine whether the teen has a specific plan to commit suicide

What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?

PREGNANCY

During assessment the nurse finds that a child lacks fine motor coordination. Which games does the nurse suggest to help the child develop fine motor coordination? Select all that apply.

Painting Puzzles Flash cards

Which type of play is characteristic of toddlers?

Parallel.

The nurse is assessing a group of families at a primary health care center. After the assessment, the nurse finds that most of the families are in the third stage according to Duvall's developmental stages of family. Which developmental task should the nurse find in these families?

Parents and children accept separation as a part of life cycle.

What should the nurse teach the parents about answering their preschooler's sensitive questions about sex?

Parents should determine exactly what the child wants to know before answering a question about sexuality.

When preparing parents to teach their preschool child about human sexuality, what should the nurse emphasize?

Parents should determine exactly what the child wants to know before answering a question about sexuality.

A nurse is caring for a sexually active teenage girl who presents to the clinic with fever, abdominal pain, urinary tract symptoms, and vague influenza-like manifestations. What should the nurse prepare to do next?

Prepare for a pelvic exam

When teaching safety and injury prevention, the nurse explains that children are at risk for different injuries based on their developmental stage. Which group of children is at the greatest risk of street accidents?

Preschoolers

The nurse is preparing the diet plan for a 5-year-old child in the hospital. Which dietary requirement included in the plan promotes optimal health during the preschool years?

Protein intake of 17 g/day

A child is hospitalized for a serious illness. The child's parents are from the Middle East and speak little English. The child's father just stepped out when the nurse presented the consent form to the mother for an emergency procedure. The mother is hesitant and refuses to sign the consent form. What is the nurse's best action?

Provide a consent form in the patient's language.

An infant has a low-grade fever, is sneezing, has tearing eyes, and exhibits a short and rapid cough that occurs mainly at night and is followed by a crowing sound. Which nursing actions are appropriate for this patient? Select all that apply.

Provide humidified oxygenation and suction. Place the patient on droplet precautions.

Which nursing intervention ensures the comfort of an older child in need of discipline?

Providing a private environment for the child

While caring for a child in the hospital, the nurse suspects the patient has conversion reaction. Which symptoms are associated with this condition?Select all that apply.

Pseudoseizures, visual field restriction, hysteria

.The nurse is assessing the cornea and the pupils of a child. Which findings indicate that the pupils are normal? Select all that apply.

Pupils constrict when light approaches. Pupils appear to be round, clear, and equal. Pupils constrict if a bright object moves near the face.

A mother sits while her toddler is playing with other toddlers. After a few minutes her toddler comes to her to be held. After the mother holds her child, the child returns to playing with the other toddlers. What is this task of development called?

Rapprochement.

What does nursing care for the neonate with caput succedaneum involve?

Reassuring the parents that no treatment is needed

A child who ate chips of old paint at an ancestral house developed acute abdominal pain and seizures. The child is treated with intravenous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). What should the nurse monitor in this child?

Renal function.

The nurse received a call from the mother of a 2-year-old who had just been bitten by the neighbor's dog. Which piece of the nurse's advice to the mother is the priority?

Seek medical attention immediately.

A single parent tells the nurse that the child has been having abdominal pain, fainting, and headaches since the parents' divorce. Which other symptom does the nurse suspect in the child?

Seizure activity

A child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presents with a painful rash on the abdomen. The nurse learns that the child had chickenpox at a younger age. What is the most likely reason for the child's symptoms?

Shingles

The nurse involves the child in play wherein the child is made to pick a ball and put it in the box repeatedly. Which concept of play does this activity indicate?

Skill play

What is the most appropriate intervention to reduce stress in an infant born after 33 weeks of gestation?

Skin to skin

During assessment, the nurse observes that the preschooler has daytime tiredness, negative behavior, hyperactivity, difficulty in concentrating, impaired learning ability, and poor control of emotions and impulses. What could be the cause of these findings?

Sleep disturbance

In which of Tanner's stages of development does the scrotum begin to become darker and the voice begin to change?

Stage IV

Which advice should the nurse offer to parents to help their child manage nocturnal enuresis?

Start tapering down liquids in the evening and nighttime.

What is the best way to prevent poisoning in preschoolers?

Storing poisonous substances in a locked cabinet.

The parents of a 7-year-old child have decided to get a divorce. What should the nurse instruct the parents to do so that the child can acclimate to the changes?

Tell the child about the divorce before one parent moves out.

While caring for a 3-year-old child, the nurse finds that the toddler hits the parent and laughs. What is the appropriate action to the toddler in this situation?

Tell the child to stop hitting, because people are not supposed to hit others.

By what is the onset of puberty in boys characterized?

Testicular enlargement

What should the nurse consider when planning a sex education and contraceptive course for adolescents?

That teenagers benefit from role-playing refusal skills in a safe environment

The parents of a 7-year-old child want to know about growth and development in their child. Which tasks does the nurse mention as appropriate for the child?

The child combs his or own hair without help.

While assessing a child, the nurse finds that the child's hair is stringy, dry, and depigmented. What does the nurse conclude from this finding?

The child has poor nutrition

The court granted joint physical custody of a child to a couple who sought a divorce after being married for 8 years. What does this decision of the court imply?

The child stays with both parents for shared amounts of time.

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old African American child who is being seen in the clinic for the first time. The child's height and weight are in the 20th percentile on the commonly used growth chart from the National Center for Health Statistics. When interpreting the data, what does the nurse recognize?

The child's growth is within normal limits

During a home visit, the nurse finds that the parents are following an authoritarian parenting style to control their children. What will be the impact of this parenting style on the child's behavior? Select all that apply.

The children become extremely shy and self-conscious. The children are docile and dependent on parents.

A couple with a 7-year-old child get divorced. Who would be given custody of the child?

The custody is given to the parent who is best able to provide for the child's welfare.

What should the nurse recognize as the main characteristic of the family systems theory?

The interactions among the family members and the environment

The nurse is caring for a neonate. The neonate's stool has a thick consistency and offensive odor. What is the possible reason for this?

The neonate is nourished with whole milk formula.

How does the physiologic status of the gastrointestinal system in a newborn differ from that of an adult? Select all that apply.

The newborn's liver cannot form plasma proteins like an adult's live can The intestines of a newborn have a larger number of secretory glands. The deficiency of pancreatic lipase in the newborn limits the absorption of fats

After receiving the immunization history of a 12-year-old female, the nurse plans to administer the (human papilloma virus) HPV vaccine. What is the purpose of administering this vaccine?

To prevent cervical cancers

The nurse is assessing gross motor skills in a 24-month-old child. Which action does the nurse ask the toddler to perform?

To walk up and down the stairs.

What is one of the major tasks of toddlerhood?

Toilet training.

Which statement is true according to family systems theory?

Too little change or too much change damages family integrity.

During assessment, the nurse finds that a toddler has an upper respiratory tract infection, serous drainage, inflamed conjunctiva, and swollen eyelids. Which condition does this patient likely have?

Viral conjunctivitis

Which type of stool is passed by a newborn on the third day?

Yellowish brown colored stools

What is the appropriate direction in which to pull the pinna of an infant during an otoscopic examination?

down and back

A child tells the nurse about pain in his testes. Before this, the child had symptoms including a fever, headache, and an earache while chewing food. The pain was accompanied by swelling in the neck. The nurse instructs the parents to apply warm compresses and provide testicular support with tight-fitting underpants. What is the most probable cause for these symptoms?

mumps

The role of the pediatric nurse is influenced by trends in health care. Which is an influential trend in pediatric health care?

shift the focus to maintenance of health and illness prevention

What are the roles of a school nurse in educating children about reducing bicycle-associated injuries?Select all that apply.

stress the importance of wearing helmets when riding; encourage peer leaders to act as role models; address issues related to noncompliance for helmet use

A nurse understands that moral values are important in any decision making. What does the moral value autonomy refer to?

the patient's right to be self-governing

Which games are helpful in improving self-expression in preschoolers? Select all that apply.

Dramatic play Imitative play Imaginative play

What is the typical mode of transmission of pertussis (whooping cough)?

Droplet

Which laboratory finding would be most likely in a patient who reports intolerable and incapacitating pain during the first or second day of the menstrual flow?

Elevated levels of prostaglandins

Evidence-based research shows that which is the most successful strategy for preventing smoking in teenagers?

Emphasis on immediate effects of smoking

What is the most appropriate question to ask a rape victim before the start of the physical examination?

Has the patient showered or bathed since being attacked?

The nurse is educating working parents of a preschooler about daycare centers. Which statement by the parents indicates that they need additional teaching about day care centers?

Preschoolers who attend daycare centers are healthier than those who stay at home.

Oral contraceptive pills (estrogen and progesterone) have been prescribed for contraception. What are other benefits of oral contraceptives that the nurse should emphasize to this female patient? Select all that apply.

Prevents ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer

Parents of a school-age child with rheumatoid arthritis inform the nurse, "My child has stopped interacting with others, refrains from eating, and is unable to sleep because of the pain." What would be the best nursing intervention to determine the severity of the child's pain?

Use the FACE pain scale

What does the nurse recognize as a strength of the family systems theory?

Useful for families of varying structure and in various stages of the life cycle

With regard to imaginary playmates, which children have a higher tendency to impersonate characters?

Young boys

What should the nurse know about young people with alcoholism?

They tend to use the substance to numb feelings of anxiety or depression.

Which phrase is descriptive of families parented by gay or lesbian couples?

This family environment can be just as healthy as any other.

What should the registered nurse include when teaching a group of student nurses about the vocabulary skills of preschool children?

"A 5-year-old child knows the days of the week and the months of the year."

An adolescent is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a small clean cut to his right thumb. The nurse learns that the adolescent sustained injury with a clean, unused knife. On examination, the nurse finds that the cut measured 1 × 1 cm and is not contaminated. The adolescent has been immunized against tetanus in childhood but has never taken a booster dose. What should be the most appropriate step of the nurse?

Inform the parent that the adolescent requires tetanus booster dose.

A community health nurse is performing assessment of an adolescent. When assessing the primary social group of the adolescent, the nurse should obtain information about which group?

peers

The nurse is assessing a group of neonates in the pediatric unit and documenting observations. Which neonate's findings indicate the presence of cephalhematoma?

Edema of soft scalp tissue Flat, deep, pink localized areas on the back of the neck Dark blue pigmentation in the sacral and gluteal regions Collection of blood between the periosteum and skull bone

Nursing interventions to promote health during middle childhood should include what?

Educating the child and parents about the need for effective dental hygiene because these are the years in which permanent teeth erupt

The nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about burns. Which type of burn occurs as a result of being struck by lightning?

Electrical burns.

The parents report to the nurse that their child avoids going out of the house due to fear of dogs. What advice should the nurse provide the parents to help them reduce their preschooler's fear?

Suggest the preschooler observe other preschool children playing with dogs.

A nurse is teaching a group of adolescent boys about testicular self-examination. How should the nurse explain to the group what a normal testicle feels upon palpation?

The epididymis is palpated as a raised swelling on the superior aspect of the testicle.

There is an outbreak of measles in a rural area. The nurse is organizing an informational presentation about measles vaccinations and vitamin A injections for the community. What information should the nurse include?

The first dose of measles vaccine will be given at 6 months with a second one after 12 months of age.

What maturation of systems is associated with school-age children?

The heart grows more slowly during the middle years and is smaller in relation to the rest of the body.

The nurse is planning interventions for a child with an illness. Which actions will the nurse take to ensure evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.

The nurse uses published clinical research for planning interventions. The nurse documents the clinical outcome of the interventions. The nurse uses the PICOT (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome, Time) format to ask clinical questions. The nurse uses journals and online resources to search for evidence.

Which medication should the nurse most expect to find in the medication profile for a patient with a diagnosis of diphtheria?

Equine antitoxin

The emergency room nurse is caring for an unconscious toddler after an accidental poisoning. Which intervention is the nurse's priority?

Establish a patent airway.

What term refers to a shared cultural, social, and linguistic heritage?

Ethnicity

What is term for the emotional attitude that one's own ethnic group is superior to others?

Ethnocentrism

At birth a major cause of heat loss that occurs through moisture is:

Evaporation

How should the nurse counsel a parent whose toddler has eaten medication from the first aid box? Select all that apply.

Explain that the child is in an explorative and investigative stage. Advise that such things be kept out of reacH Explain that it is natural for the child to put things in the mouth.

The nurse is assessing a Chinese infant who presents with a rash on the body. After communicating with the parents, the nurse finds that the parents think the rash was caused by giving the baby hot food. They are unwilling to give the evaporated milk formula that was suggested by their pediatrician to the infant because it has to be heated during preparation. What is the appropriate nursing action in this situation?

Explain the importance of administering the prescribed formula to the infant.

A preschooler asks the parent "Where did I come from?" How should the parent ideally react to the child's question?

Explain the origin of birth

A 2-year-old child has recently started having temper tantrums, holding her breath and occasionally fainting. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?

Explaining to the parent that this is not harmful.

What description characterizes normal cognition during the period of early adolescence (11 to 14 years)?

Exploration of new-found ability for limited abstract thought

A 7-year-old child tells the nurse, "Grandpa, Mommy, Daddy, and my sister live at my house." The nurse, drawing on knowledge of family structure and function, identifies this family structure as what?

Extended family

The nurse teaches progressive relaxation of muscle groups to a 12-year-old child who is under stress. Which sign of stress would the nurse have likely found in the child?

Facial redness

A nurse is presenting a class on injury prevention to parents of preschoolers. Which injuries should the nurse identify as occurring in this age group? Select all that apply.

Falls Drowning Poisoning Tricycle and bicycle accidents

What profession is common among mothers with Munchausen syndrome by proxy?

Home health aide.

The parents tell the nurse that their 15-year-old adopted child often acts out and uses the adoptive status as a justification for the behavior. The parents ask the nurse how they should deal with this behavior. What is the nurse's best response?

Instruct the parents to set the same rules with the adopted child as with their biologic children.

During assessment of a 12-year-old child, the nurse finds that the child's height is 127 cm, weight is 58 kg, and body posture is similar to that of an adult. What does the nurse conclude from these findings?

The child is obese

While reviewing the laboratory reports of a Mexican patient, the nurse finds traces of lead in the patient's blood. The nurse learns that the patient extensively uses home remedies. Which other statement does the nurse anticipate from the patient?

"I am using greta and azarcon to reduce digestive problems."

A mother of two children tells the nurse that she has decided to not have her children immunized because her neighbor has a 9-year-old son with autism, and she is now convinced that the autism may have been caused by the immunizations her son received. What is the best response the nurse could give?

"I can understand your concerns. Would you like more information about the safety of immunizations?"

The nurse finds that a toddler shows transductive reasoning of preoperational thoughts. Which statement made by the toddler supports the nurse's findings?

"I don't like this food, because the last time I ate something new, it wasn't good."

At a primary health care center, the nurse is explaining preadolescence and prepubescence to the parents of children 8 to 12 years of age. Which statement made by the nurse indicates effective teaching?

"Rapid growth and development are seen in children during prepubescence."

A parent of a toddler asks the nurse, "Why do toddlers throw tantrums?" What is the most appropriate answer to this question?

"Tantrums result from a toddler's strong drive for mastery and autonomy."

A nurse is preparing to administer a Denver II test to a small child. The mother of the child asks the nurse, "Is this an intelligence test?" What is the best way for the nurse to respond to this question?

"The Denver II is a screening tool for achievement of developmental milestones, not intelligence"

The school nurse is instructing teachers about appropriate measures to take if a child has a tooth avulsion. Which statement by the teachers indicates effective teaching?

"The avulsed tooth should be placed under the patient's tongue when transporting."

The nurse is performing an assessment of a 9-year-old child. The nurse finds that the child's mother is very concerned about the child's appearance because the child is very thin. What is the nurse's best response?

"The child looks thinner now because of the reduction and redistribution of fat throughout the body. This is normal."

The parents of a 2-year-old child from an extended family say to the nurse, "One of our friends told us that 2-year-olds experience sibling rivalry. After knowing this we are in a dilemma whether to plan for our second child." Which response given by the nurse is most appropriate?

"The children must be encouraged to spend much time with each other."

A parent brings a 2-year-old toddler to the clinic for a well child visit. Which statement by the parent indicates to the nurse that the parent needs more instruction regarding accident prevention?

"We make sure we fasten the front seat belt tightly."

What is the most effective means of preventing dental caries in school-age children?

Brushing teeth after meals, after snacks, and at bedtime

What is the normal age by which children can skip on alternating feet, jump rope, and swim?

5 Years

A person is eager to adopt a child. The person wants to know which age group of children adapt well to adoption. Which is the best response by the nurse?

5 month olds

What factors have encouraged the increased use of telephone triage by nurses? Select all that apply.

Access to high-quality health care services has increased. Empowered parents are participating in their children's medical care.

The nurse is educating a couple preparing to become parents. What positive traits should the nurse advocate to make them effective parents? Select all that apply.

Active listening among the family Keeping up with immunizations Improving family communication

A nurse is assessing a toddler who has a varicella infection. After taking a history, the nurse finds that the patient has undergone kidney transplantation and is being treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Which medicine should the nurse expect the health care provider to include in the patient's treatment plan?

Acyclovir

The nurse is planning care for a patient with a different ethnic background from the nurse's own. What is the most appropriate goal for the nurse in caring for this patient?

Adapt as necessary to ethnic needs

The parents of an 8-year-old child are concerned about enuresis in their child. What suggestions should the nurse provide to the parents to manage the enuresis in the child? Select all that apply.

Avoid caffeinated beverages after 4 PM, Avoid using negative reward techniques, Encourage bladder emptying before going to bed

Parents of a school-age child tell the nurse that their child is being consistently bullied at school. What is the most important way in which the nurse can encourage the parents to help their child?

Communicate concerns to the teacher and principal.

What should the nurse understand about body image during the adolescent years?

Body image established during adolescence is retained throughout life.

Which side effect may the nurse observe in a patient who uses NuvaRing for contraception?

Breakthrough bleeding

What instruction should the nurse include when giving parents guidelines about helping their children in school?

Communicate with teachers if there appears to be a problem.

A 12-year-old living with foster parents presents to the clinic with a severe ear infection. While assessing the patient, what other things should the nurse observe to make sure the child is living in a safe and clean environment? Select all that apply.

Check for signs of abuse in the child. Talk to the child to assess the living situation. Talk to the foster parents about how to assess neglect. Check for overall good health of the child.

What would make communication between cultures easier for the nurse?

Keeping common greetings in the family's language with the patient's chart

What role do nurses play in ensuring that spiritual health care practices do not negatively affect the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the patient?

Keeping communication between the family and health care team open

Which external asset do young people receive from a community that values them and lets them contribute to others?

Empowerment

A female patient who lost her spouse tells the nurse that she has to start working to ensure that there is stable income for her family. The patient expects her elder child to take care of the younger one. What is affected in this family after the tragic loss of the male parent?

Family structure

What has the preschooler's body image developed to include?

Fear of intrusive procedures

A toddler is not gaining weight and height for his or her age. The laboratory reports reveal very low levels of vitamin B12 and vitamin D. What should the parents be told in order to correct these low levels? Select all that apply.

Feed poached organ meat to the child. Give multivitamin and mineral supplement. Regularly expose the child to sunlight for 10 min/day.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-and-a-half-year-old child about appropriate feeding practices. Which actions by the pare can place the child at risk?

Feeding the child while the child is in active play.

What is a characteristic of the psychosocial development of school-age children?

Feelings of inferiority can be derived from children themselves or from the environment.

What does the nurse recognize as a characteristic of the psychosocial development of school-age children?

Feelings of inferiority or lack of worth can be derived from children themselves or from the environment

The parent asks the nurse for guidance on how to discuss sex with her preschooler. What is the best response by the nurse?

Find out what your child knows and thinks about sex before answering any questions.

What is the most commonly used method in completed suicides of adolescents?

Firearms

What is the most important practice in reducing the transmission of diseases in the health care setting?

Hand hygiene

Which tooth types usually erupt when the child is 6 years old?

First molar

In which place in the birth order are feelings of sibling rivalry most pronounced?

Firstborn.

Which finding would the nurse consider normal in assessing the anterior fontanel of a neonate?

Flat

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child in a pediatric unit. Which changes does the nurse observe that indicate the child's degree of physical maturity? Select all that apply.

Increase in leg length in relation to height; decrease in head circumference in relation to height; decrease in waist circumference in relation to height

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child in a pediatric unit. Which changes does the nurse observe that indicate the child's degree of physical maturity?Select all that apply

Increase in leg length in relation to height; decrease in head circumference in relation to height; decrease in waist circumference in relation to height

Which behavior is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development?

Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes

Which factor is a component of "invisible poverty"?

Inferior medical services

The nurse is giving anticipatory guidance to the parent of a 5-year-old child. What is the most appropriate teaching for the nurse to include?

Informing the parent that he or she can expect a more tranquil period at this age

A young married woman approaches the nurse to learn about the contraceptive method Levonorgestrel intrauterine system. What should the nurse tell this patient about the advantages of this contraceptive method?Select all that apply.

It is associated with low rates of ectopic pregnancy; it causes reduced length and quality of menstrual bleeding

A school nurse observes that children demonstrate mutual play. What is the effect of mutual play in preschoolers?

It provides kinesthetic experiences for preschoolers.

While caring for a child, the nurse finds that the child's parents refuse blood transfusion. The nurse finds that the child's family has refused to sign an organ donation form. Which religious denomination might the child belong to?

Jehovah's Witness

For which emotions does the nurse assess during the naive instrumental orientation stage of development? Select all that apply.

Justice and fairness

The nurse is caring for a toddler with a diagnosis of accidental poisoning. What should the nurse prioritize in teaching parents to protect the child from accidental poisoning in the future?

Keep all cleaning solutions locked up.

Following an assessment of a family, the nurse finds that the family has invisible poverty. Which are the characteristics of a family with invisible poverty? Select all that apply.

Lack of healthcare facilities, limited employment opportunities

Which observation suggests that an abnormality is present in a full-term neonate?

Lack of sucking reflex

The nurse is assessing school-age children for problems with communication skills. In which children should the nurse expect to find an inadequate language comprehension? Select all that apply.

Lower-class Children from ethnic groups Bilingual children

The camp nurse is checking preschool-aged children for ticks. The nurse understands that ticks can cause which disease?

Lyme disease.

Which component present in human breast milk has bacteriostatic action against gram-positive bacteria?

Lysozyme

The nurse is caring for a toddler who has inhaled carbon monoxide. Which intervention is the nurse's priority of care?

Maintaining airway patency.

During a home visit, the nurse finds that the parent of a child is in the acute phase of divorce. Which behavior in the parent supports the nurse's finding?

Making the decision to separate

Which genetics term refers to abnormal formation of organs or body parts resulting from an abnormal developmental process?

Malformation

A newborn is displaying behavioral clues indicating pain. What are some nonpharmacologic pain-management techniques? Select all that apply.

Nonnutritive sucking Swaddling Sucrose via nipple or syringe Skin-to-skin contact with the mother

A 14-year-old adolescent male tells a nurse, "My trunk seems so short compared to my legs. Do I have any problem?" What is the nurse's best response?

Normal

A 4½-year-old boy has been having increasingly frequent angry outbursts in preschool for approximately 8 to 10 weeks. He is also aggressive toward the other children and teachers. His parents ask the nurse for advice. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

Referring the child for counseling

In the care of the suicidal adolescent, what is the most important nursing intervention?

Paying particular attention to children who are withdrawn and are giving away their personal belongings

A nurse is assessing the parental style of a family and notes little to no control over the children. What is this style of parenting called?

Permissive

The nurse observes that a child is tearing and throwing papers on the floor. The child's parent does not scold the child but explains the reason to maintain neatness. When the child again tears the papers the parent still does not control or punish the child. Which parenting style does this reflect?

Permissive

What is the greatest single cause of death among adolescents?

Physical injuries

When providing education to an adolescent, what should the nurse include as a cause of vaginitis?

Physical, chemical, or infectious agents

A 2-year-old child resists going to bed and has the habit of banging his or her head against the wall and crying when a parent tries to place the child in the bed. What advice should the nurse give to the parent?

Praise the child after the temper tantrum for any positive, appropriate behavior.

Which level of cognitive development does the preconventional level of moral development parallel?

Preoperational

A parent reports that a child has a fever, and the nurse observes cervical lymphadenitis with an edematous and erythematous pharynx. The child also reports severe pain. Vesicles have erupted on the child's lip and oral mucosa. Which diagnosis does the nurse expect?

Recurrent herpes labialis

A 16-year-old girl tells the school nurse that she has not started to menstruate. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

Referring the adolescent for an evaluation

A 6-year-old child is bullying another child. The bullying child perceives that bullying is good. What is the reason behind it?

The child is not punished for misdeeds.

The nurse is collecting history on a 16-year-old admitted for treatment of anorexia nervosa. The patient limits the answers to yes or no. What is the priority nursing goal for this patient at this time?

Rule out other physiological causes of weight loss

What is the most overwhelming adverse influence on health?

S.E.S.

According to Freud, middle childhood is associated with an increase in relationships with:

Same-sex peers

The parents of a toddler ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of timeouts, which of the following suggestions should the nurse include?

Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.

What common normal findings might the nurse observe in a neonate? Select all that apply.

Strabismus A flattened pinna Sneezing and thin white mucus

By what is sexual development during preschool years formed?

Strong attachment to the opposite-sex parent and identification with the same-sex parent

The nurse is assessing the immunization history of an adolescent. The nurse finds that the child has not received the tetanus booster dose. What is the likely recommendation for the adolescent?

Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) vaccine

The nurse is assessing the sexual development of a female child. The nurse finds that breast buds have started developing, but pubic hair is still not visible in the child. What can the nurse infer regarding the sexual development of the patient?

The child has attained thelarche.

The nurse is assessing a child belonging to a Caribbean family. The nurse finds that the child's knees are rough and scaly. The child does not report having any knee injury. What does the nurse interpret from this finding?

The child has been physically punished.

How does the nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process help the nurse make decisions about the patient's care?

The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process helps the nurse make a clinical judgment about the patient's response to an actual or potential health problem.

A parent of a child always places the child in a time-out when the child misbehaves or when the child does not follow the instructions. Which form of punishment should the parent adopt during a time-out?

The parent places the child in the corner.

The parents of a 12-year-old child often have to work until late at night and cannot take care of the child when the child returns from school. Which actions employed by the parent are appropriate?

The parents instruct the child to heat food in the microwave at low heat.

Following the assessment of a 15-year-old adolescent boy, the nurse documents that the boy has pubertal delay. Which assessment finding has led the nurse to conclude this?

The patient does not have an enlarged scrotum.

A patient tells the nurse, "We belong to a superior ethnic group, and our values, beliefs, and perceptions are the correct ones." What does the nurse infer from this statement?

The patient is showing ethnocentrism.

What is true about the trend in adolescent pregnancy in the United States?

The rate has been on a downward trend since 1990.

During assessment, the nurse observes that the child's new secondary teeth are appearing too large for the face. Which stage of child development is the child in?

Ugly duckling stage

For a toddler with sleep problems, what should the nurse suggest that the parents do?

Use a transitional object at bedtime.

A child is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. What advice should the nurse provide to the child's parents to help control symptoms? Select all that apply.

Use enzyme tablets for digestion, substitute dairy with soy-based formula; replace milk with hard cheese.

The nurse is assessing an adolescent with vaginitis. Which action by the adolescent is likely to have caused this infection?

Use of tampons

A child presents to the pediatrician's office with a slight fever, malaise, and a highly pruritic rash that started as papules and has now become vesicles. What disease do these clinical manifestations indicate?

Varicella

What is the causative agent of chickenpox?

Varicella zoster virus

Which vaccines are contraindicated for children who are immunocompromised? Select all that apply

Varicella; measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)

A nurse is providing information about different kinds of injuries at different developmental ages. What kinds of injuries are most common in toddlers? Select all that apply.

falls; burns

What should be the primary goal of a nurse while providing atraumatic care to a child?

first, do no harm to the child

During a home visit, the nurse observes that a 4-year-old child cheats while playing and wants to change the rules for winning. What does the nurse conclude from the child's activity?

it is an age-associated behavior

What is the chief complaint of patients suffering from rashes?

itching

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the process of neurological maturation in infants. Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate?

" this provides the foundation for behavioral development"

A student nurse is working with a pediatric patient in an outpatient setting. Which statement by the student nurse allows the patient to become empowered?

" what do you consider your biggest strength when managing your illness?"

One cognitive task of school-age children is mastering which concept?

Conservation

Acetaminophen poisoning occurs in a toddler due to overdosing. The nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe what to prevent further effects of acetaminophen overdose?

Administer N-acetylcyst

The nurse is providing teaching to the family of a young child. What are some signs of information overload?Select all that apply.

Constant fidgeting Long periods of silence Attempting to change the topic of discussion

While reviewing the diagnostic reports of an older child, the nurse finds the presence of giardia lamblia in the child's stool. What symptom is specific to older children?

Constipation

The nurse is performing an assessment of a girl with anorexia nervosa. What symptoms does the nurse expect to observe? Select all that apply.

Constipation, hypotension, thinning hair

Which is an appropriate intervention for a child who misbehaves in school?

Contact the child's parents.

During the initial interview, the nurse learns that the infant's family consists of the parents, an adoptive elder brother, the parents, and a grandmother. How can this family be categorized?

extended family

Which symptom does the nurse observe in a patient in the primary stage of syphilis?

Chancre on genitals

The triage nurse is advising a parent of a toddler with a suspected chemical burn over the phone. Which should the nurse include when advising the parents what to do?

Continuously flush the burn to remove the chemical.

What nursing intervention can help preschool-age children reduce sleep problems?

Encouraging the child to bathe every day before bedtime

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what is one basic concept that a child is expected to grasp during the first or second year of life?

If an object is hidden, that does not mean that it is gone

What should the management of adolescent obesity include?

Incorporating favorite foods into the diet

What is the most frequent source of lead poisoning in children?

Lead-based paint

The nurse is making a clinical judgment about the patient's response to an actual health problem. What step of the nursing process is the nurse implementing?

Nursing Diagnosis

Which activity can be easily performed by the preschooler?

Riding a tricycle

What should the nurse consider on encountering an adolescent girl whose breasts have not begun to develop by age 13 years?

That the girl is experiencing pubertal delay

After interacting with the parents of a 10-year-old child, the nurse understands that they are effectively following guidelines to help the child in getting good grades in school. Which statement made by the parents supports the nurse's conclusion?

"We help our child with homework by explaining the questions and avoiding giving answers."

Which characteristics would a nurse expect to see in a patient with depression? Select all that apply.

Tiredness, tearfulness, sad facial expression

The nurse is teaching a community health promotion class to parents and school-age children related to bicycle safety. Issues to cover in the sessions include what?

Walking bicycles through busy intersections

What are the clinical manifestations of scarlet fever in the prodromal stage of the disease?

abrupt high fever

Which condition is a classic example of a congenital anomaly?

presence of club foot

A camp nurse is assessing a group of children attending summer camp. Which children, according to the nurse's knowledge of special parenting situations, are at risk for a sense of belonging?

Children recently placed in foster care

A woman has given birth to a healthy boy. When the nurse brings the newborn to the new mother for feeding, the mother is shocked at the elongated appearance of the baby's head. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"An infant's head is molded during delivery—it'll return to normal in a few days."

The parent of a 6-year-old child is worried because the child frequently suffers from diarrhea and stomach upset. What does the nurse tell the child's parent?

"Children tend to acquire infections during the first two years of schooling."

The registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about different contraceptive methods. Which statement made by a student nurse indicates effective teaching?

"Condoms may cause latex sensitivity or allergies for some individuals."

A workshop is conducted for primary school teachers. In the workshop the nurse teaches cognitive development in middle childhood. Which statement made by the nurse indicates effective teaching?

"During middle childhood, children learn from their past experiences."

The nurse is evaluating a parent's understanding about evaporated milk formula. Which statement by the parent needs correction?

"Evaporated milk formula is rich in iron and vitamin C."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a first-degree burn. The nurse should include which statement in the teaching?

"First-degree burns include the top layer of skin."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a fourth-degree burn. The nurse should include which statement in the teaching?

"Fourth-degree burns may expose muscle and bone."

The nurse manager instructs a nurse to conduct a group activity for assessing physical and mental development in 6- to 12-year old children. Which suggestion given by the nurse manager is appropriate?

"Give grades and material rewards to all the children after performing the task."

A parent of an 18-month-old toddler asks the nurse if the baby's pacifier can be coated with honey, because it is good for immune health. What should the nurse tell the parent?

"Honey should not be given to infants."

The nurse uses developmental theory to help guide a couple whose teenage child has decided to move out of the house and live independently. What remarks by the nurse suggest the usage of developmental theory? Select all that apply.

"I am sure your child is leaving for the right reasons, and this is a natural stage of maturity." "It is a good opportunity to develop a new hobby or practice the old ones."

Which statements does the nurse use when reprimanding a child for misbehavior? Select all that apply.

"I am unhappy when you miss dinner." "I don't like seeing you hurting others again."

The nurse is preparing to administer the hepatitis B, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis, right ventricle, Haemophilus influenzae, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and inactivated polio vaccine immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. The nurse has given the vaccine information sheet to the parents. The parents are concerned about the amount of injections their infant is going to receive. Which nursing statement is the most appropriate response?

"I hear you are concerned about the amount of injections your baby is to receive. You can come back on another day, and we can divide the immunizations over two visits."

A 4-year-old child is playing while the parent is watching television. After some time the child comes to the parent and says, "Dad! Anna broke the glass." There was nobody else in the house at that time. What should be the most appropriate response of the father?

"I see only you here, so you are responsible for that."

The nurse is educating a parent about rotavirus vaccine. Which statement pertaining to the rotavirus vaccine, RotaTeq, is appropriate?

"The first dose is administered between 6 to 12 weeks of age."

A single working parent of a 2-year-old child comes to the clinic for a health checkup. The parent is worried about caring for the child while managing work. Which option can help the parent work outside the home and attend to the child?

Daycare services

The nurse finds that a child shows signs and symptoms of obesity and aggressive behavior. The child's parent states that the child is on a low-fat diet. Which question from the nurse helps uncover the reason for this situation?

"Is there an Internet connection in the child's room?"

Parents tell the nurse that they are worried, because their child constantly touches the genitalia in front of others. Which of the nurse's statements pertaining to this behavior is appropriate? Select all that apply.

"It can occur in any age group." "It is unhealthy if it is excessive." It is a normal behavior.

A nurse is working with teenagers and their parents in a school drug-prevention program. Several of the parents ask how they can determine whether their children have a problem with drugs. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"It's common for a child using drugs to withdraw and not achieve normal developmental tasks. If this happens, you should consult a professional."

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about Native American culture. Which statement does the nurse include in the teaching?

"Native American children are at risk of dropping out of school."

A parent has a 2-year-old in the clinic for a well child checkup. Which statement by the parent suggests the need for additional information about injury prevention in early childhood?

"Our 2-year-old toddler takes a bath with his sister while we cook dinner."

The parents of a child ask the nurse, "Which behavior is helpful for developing feelings of self-worth, self-esteem, and self-acceptance in the child?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Parents should try to react positively to their child."

Which statement is appropriate when managing misbehavior in a child?

"Please put the book down."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a second-degree burn. The nurse should include which statement in the teaching?

"Second-degree burns will have blisters on the skin."

A parent reports to the nurse that the infant often cries, has an irregular breathing pattern, and is sleeping less than normal. Which instructions are best for the nurse to explain to this parent? Select all that apply.

"Swaddle the infant to decrease the crying." "Reduce the fatigue and discomfort of the infant." "Attempt to feed the infant to decrease the crying."

The nurse is assessing the children of divorced parents at a community center. Which behavioral change should the nurse expect to find in the 3-year-old child? Select all that apply.

The child is afraid of parental abandonment. The child blames himself or herself for the parents' divorce.

A parent of an 18-month-old child informs the nurse that the child does not eat properly and is very fussy. Sometimes the child does not eat anything; on other days the child eats a lot. What is the most appropriate response of the nurse?

"This is a normal phenomenon at this age. Your child is fine."

The nurse is teaching health promotion activities to a group of adolescents. What is included in the teaching? Select all that apply.

"Use safety apparel while driving." "Use adequate sunscreen." "Avoid alcohol during water sports." "Refuse to ride with reckless drivers."

After interacting with a couple, the nurse confirms that the couple is in stage II of Duvall's developmental stages of the family. Which statements of the couple support the nurse's conclusion? Select all that apply.

"We are maintaining a strong marital bond." "We are getting used to our new parenting roles."

A nurse is educating a patient's parents about the use of medicine in bacterial conjunctivitis. Which statement of the parents indicates the need for further teaching?

"We should use corticosteroids to treat conjunctivitis."

The nurse is educating parents about nutrition in preschoolers. Which statement by a parent indicates that teaching has been effective?

"We will include 13 to 19 g/day of protein in our child's diet."

The nurse is caring for a child of African culture with epilepsy. What questions should the nurse ask the family to help explore their culture? Select all that apply.

"What do you think caused this sickness?" "Why do you think this illness happened?" "What do you fear the most about your child's sickness?"

An adolescent tells the nurse "I grew up in a rural area and have recently moved to New York City. I don't feel like I fit in. I really find it difficult to make friends here." What suggestion should the nurse give to this adolescent?

"You join a club at school in your free time."

The community nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about prenatal care. The woman says that her first child was diagnosed with erythema infectiosum. What should the nurse tell the mother?

"You should undergo fetal ultrasonography for detection of fetal hydrops."

The teacher of a 9-year-old child reports dramatic changes in the child's behavior to the school nurse. The child showed a decline in performance and started throwing temper tantrums in class. The child is also not willing to inform his or her parents about a sports event held at the school. What life event can trigger such behavior?

Divorce of parents

A newborn exhibits swelling of the eyelid and sterile, non purulent eye discharge. During the follow-up visit, the nurse finds that the newborn has reduced inflammation in the eye. Given the reduction in inflammation, which medication is the nurse likely to find in the patient's prescription record?

1% silver nitrate solution

What is the earliest age by which children are aware of their gender?

18 months

According to statistics, which type of injury is the leading cause of unintentional injury and death in adolescence?

Motor Vehicle Accidents

A neonate 1 minute after birth is observed to have a weak cry, grimacing, a heart rate of 90 beats/min, some flexion of the extremities, and a pink body with blue extremities. What is the Apgar score for this neonate? Record your answer using a whole number. ____________

5 Weak cry = 1; heart rate of 90 bpm = 1; some flexion of extremities = 1; grimacing = 1; and acrocyanosis = 1.

The nurse is assessing a child and finds that the child's permanent teeth have started erupting. The child is able to balance on alternating feet with the eyes closed and is able to follow commands in succession. What is the approximate developmental age of the child?

5 years

While assessing a child, the nurse fills two identical glasses with equal amounts of water and then pours the water from one of the two glasses into a third glass, which is wider in size. The child recognizes that the amount of water in the third glass is the same as before. What is the minimum age at which children should understand that the amount has not changed?

6 years

A neonate has a heart rate of 150 beats/min and has a blue skin tone. The neonate also has a weak cry, with flexed limbs and observed sneeze. What is the Apgar score of the neonate? Record your answer as a whole number. ________

7 A heart rate of more than 100 beats/min is given an Apgar score of 2. The score of muscle tone with limbs in a flexed position is 2. Reflex irritability score is 2 for a neonate with observed sneeze. A weak cry is given a score of 1, and blue skin tone is given a score of 0. Therefore the APGAR score of the neonate is 7.

One of the parents of an adolescent tells the school nurse about an inevitable divorce. The adolescent has experienced anxiety and worry and is engaging in acting-out behaviors. How should the nurse recognize the adolescent's response to divorce?

A common way to react for adolescents

What are some warning signs of child abuse? Select all that apply.

A delay in seeking medical care, physical evidence of old injuries, significant trauma in a child with a minor unrelated complaint, and a reported mechanism of injury that is not possible at the child's stage of development.

What are some warning signs of physical abuse in children? Select all that apply.

Multiple fractures, delay in seeking medical care, inappropriate affect in relation to the child's injury, and history incompatible with the pattern or degree of injury.

The parents of an 18-month-old child tell the nurse that they have prolonged bottle feeding to decrease the child's crying. What does the nurse conclude from this behavior?

The child is at risk for early childhood caries.

A nurse is assessing a patient with attention deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD). What behavior would the nurse anticipate that the patient might demonstrate?

A need for reminders to keep focused and on task

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the factors affecting blood coagulation in neonates. Which statement by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

A neonate has low levels of prothrombin.

The nurse is teaching the mother of a school-age child discipline strategies. What consequences are preferred and more effective discipline strategies?

Natural

What is the first and most important attribute that must develop for a healthy personality, according to Erikson?

Trust

Which action by the parents of a preschool child provides effective dental health to the child?

Trying to preserve the space previously occupied by an avulsed tooth

The school nurse is concerned about an outbreak of chickenpox, because two children at the school have cancer and are immunodeficient as a result of chemotherapy. What is the most appropriate recommendation the school nurse can give to the two children's parents?

Administer varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) to prevent chickenpox.

The nurse teaches the parent measures to be followed when administering iron supplements to a 3-year-old child. During a follow up visit, the nurse finds that the child still has anemia, even after following the complete treatment regimen. Which action by the parent is likely responsible for this condition? Select all that apply.

Administering iron supplements with milk. Administering iron supplements with an oral antacid. Administering iron supplements with a sweet potato.

The nurse is teaching a group of new parents about the importance of vitamin D in newborns. What information does the nurse include in the teachings? Select all that apply.

Administration of vitamin D in the infant's diet is important. The dosage of vitamin D supplements is doubled for a newborn in winter

The school nurse is teaching a class on injury prevention. What should be included in a discussion of firearms?

Adolescence is the peak age for being either a victim or an offender in an injury involving a firearm.

A nurse is addressing a group of adolescent females and explaining to them about the importance of proper diet. What is the reason for the nurse to choose this group to educate about diet?

Adolescent females tend to eat less due to fear of becoming overweight.

An adolescent is accompanied by his mother for an annual physical examination. On which topic does the nurse, drawing on knowledge of this age group, avoid questioning the adolescent? Select all that apply.

Alcohol use Sexual activity Cigarette smoking

While assessing a toddler's eyes, the nurse finds the presence of persistent strabismus. The nurse instructs the parent to immediately consult an ophthalmologist for the toddler. Which condition does the nurse seek to prevent by this instruction?

Amblyopia.

What is the term used to describe the attribution of lifelike qualities to inanimate objects?

Animism

The nurse is assessing an adolescent who appears nervous. The adolescent pretends to be calm and controlled but is suddenly given to hysterical crying. What further assessment will the nurse make?

Assesses for signs of physical abuse

The parents of an 8-year-old child are apprehensive about their child, because their child is inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive. The child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which medications should the nurse expect to be included in the child's treatment plan? Select all that apply.

Atomoxetine; methylphenidate; dextroamphetamine

A parent tells the nurse, "My child makes careless mistakes in schoolwork and is unable to finish it on time." For which condition does the nurse assess the child?

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

The nurse visits a family for home care and notices that the parents in the family are very strict with the children. The children follow all the rules set forth by the parents diligently and are put on strict time-out upon breaking them. What type of parental control is practiced by this family?

Authoritarian

The nurse is teaching a group of parents about nutrition, its significance in promoting growth and development, and avoiding obesity in childhood. What does the nurse include in the education plan? Select all that apply.

Average range of caloric intake is 1000 mg to 1800 calories per day. The fluid intake should be 100 ml per kilogram of body weight per day. Daily calorie intake should not exceed 90 kcal per kilogram of body weight.

A child is brought to the hospital with reddened eyes. The child has purulent discharge from the eyes, crusting, and swollen eyelids. What is the most likely reason for the child's symptoms?

Bacteria

The physician instructs parents to begin administering pyrvinium pamoate to their child for treatment of enterobiasis. The nurse is educating the parents regarding the administration and side effects of the medication. Which statement about pyrvinium pamoate will the nurse include?

Be aware the medication stains the vomitus, stool, skin, clothing, and anything else it touches bright red.

Why is it important for nurses caring for school-age children to emphasize the importance of dental hygiene to their parents?

Because permanent teeth erupt during the school-age years

Why is dental hygiene especially important during the school-age years?

Because the permanent teeth erupt during the school years

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old female and finds that the girl has reached puberty at an early age. What finding has led the nurse to conclude the child has reached actual puberty?

Beginning of menstruation

The mother of a prepubescent girl asks the nurse about the first signs of puberty. What is the best response by the nurse?

Breast buds

A mother calls the emergency room stating that her 4-year-old child has been bitten by a bat. Which instruction is the priority?

Bring the child to the ER.

A 4-year-old child has ingested a toxic dose of iron. The parent reports that the child vomited and complained of gastric pain an hour ago but "feels fine" now. The parent is not certain when the child ingested the iron tablets. What is the most appropriate recommendation by the nurse to the parent?

Bring the child to the hospital immediately.

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child and finds that the child has not attained age-appropriate fine motor skills. Which activity shows age-appropriate activity for a 3-year-old?

Building a tower with 10 cubes

An adolescent tells the nurse, "Sometimes I do eat excessively when I'm depressed. But I make sure that I exercise and fast soon after. But I don't seem to be losing any weight." On further assessment of the drug history, the nurse finds that the adolescent has been misusing diuretics. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the adolescent?

Bulimia

The school nurse is asked to speak with the parents of a 10-year-old boy who has been bullying other children. What knowledge should the nurse's response should be based on?

Bullying often manifests itself in children who witness violence or abuse at home.

How can the nurse elicit a rooting reflex in a newborn?

By stroking the cheeks of the newborn

The nurse is assessing a neonate with syndactyly. What essential information is to be documented in the report?

Decreased range of motion

A mother reports to the nurse that her infant often spits up the milk after feeding. Which gastrointestinal functions in an infant are likely to combine to cause frequent regurgitation? Select all that apply.

Delay in gastric emptying time Immature peristaltic waves in the intestine Inappropriate relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter

What is the primary oral problem in children and adolescents?

Dental caries

The nurse is caring for a toddler receiving an iron supplement. What factors does the nurse recognize as causes of increased iron absorption? Select all that apply.

Calcium. Food cooked in cast-iron vessels.

The nurse is providing education about accidental poisonings to a group of parents. Which intervention should the nurse tell parents is the priority?

Call Poison Control.

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child. The nurse finds that the child is very curious about God and states that God is very loving towards children. Which statement appropriately describes spiritual development in the child?

Child assumes God is a person

During the home visit, the nurse finds that the child lives with the mother, stepfather, and half sibling. What should the nurse report in the assessment of the child?

Child lives in a blended family

What instructions should the nurse not include when teaching parents about injury prevention at the toddler's well child visit?

Child should wear a seatbelt when sitting in the front passenger seat.

What is an important consideration related to childhood stress?

Children 7 to 12 years of age are capable of identifying physiologic stress responses.

During the assessment of an 8-year-old child, the nurse finds that the child's parents are depressed by the child's behavior. What information does the nurse provide about the behavioral changes in the child to the parents?

Children become more demanding at this age.

What statement regarding children with posttraumatic stress disorder is correct?

Children often play out the situation over and over again in an attempt to come to terms with their fear.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is on azithromycin therapy for the treatment of a sexually transmitted infection. The patient tells the nurse that she has mucopurulent cervical discharge. Upon examination, the nurse finds severe reddening and swelling in the cervical region. Which infection does the nurse suspect in this patient based on the prescribed medication and symptoms?

Chlamydia

The nurse is discussing health behaviors with a 14-year-old adolescent who recently began smoking cigarettes. An appropriate tactic for the nurse to use when discussing this lifestyle choice is emphasizing what?

Cigarette smoking can cause damage, such as stains on teeth, to one's personal appearance.

What has the most significant impact on the socialization of school-age children?

Classmates

A child has been brought to the nurse with acute onset of altered behavior. On assessment, the nurse finds disturbances in the child's cognition, perception, emotion, language, and physical motor control. What medications should the nurse expect in this child's treatment plan? Select all that apply.

Clozapine; haloperidol; risperidone

The parents of 9-year-old twins tell the nurse, "They've filled up their bedroom with collections of rocks, shells, stamps, and cars." The nurse should recognize that this behavior is characteristic of what?

Cognitive development at this age

Following the assessment of a 14-year-old adolescent female, the nurse documents that the female has pubertal delay. Which assessment finding has led the nurse to conclude this?

Complete breast development

What is normal language growth and development for a 5-year-old child?

Describes drawings with a lot of detail

During the assessment of a 6-year-old child, the nurse gives several different tasks to the child. The nurse finds that the child has appropriate cognitive development. Which task is efficiently performed by the child?

Describing the use of common objects like car, fork, and chair

A sexually active adolescent asks the school nurse about prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. The most appropriate recommendation by the nurse is the use of what?

Condoms

According to Erikson, a major task for preschoolers is the development of which?

Conscience

What is the major task of learning right from wrong that develops towards the end of the toddler years?

Conscience or superego

The nurse is providing education to parents of toddlers regarding sleep hygiene. Which should the nurse include in this teaching? Select all that apply.

Develop a bedtime ritual and do not let the child nap during the day.

A 12-year-old girl asks her mother, "What are tampons? One of my friends in school said that she uses them every month, because she has bleeding." Which action should the nurse advise the mother to employ in this situation?

Discuss the menstrual cycle and use of tampons.

The school nurse is discussing dental health with some children in first grade. Which teaching should be included?

Emphasizing the importance of brushing before bedtime

A 5-year-old child has encopresis. What interventions should the nurse suggest to the parents? Select all that apply.

Encourage a high-fiber diet for the child; avoid milk and dairy products in the diet; relieve fecal impaction with the use of lactulose

An adolescent boy is overweight and has the fear that he will become obese. What advice should the nurse provide to the patient to prevent obesity? Select all that apply.

Encourage limitation of television viewing Limit the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Encourage frequent meals with family members. Encourage the consumption of adequate quantities of fruits and vegetables.

What instructions should the nurse include when instructing the parents of school-age children in ways to reduce the risk of injury in sports? Select all that apply.

Encourage physical activity outside of sports. Have children wear helmets and other protective equipment. Have children compete against kids who are about the same size.

A married couple has decided to adopt a child after failing to conceive naturally. The nurse explains the entire process of adoption to the couple. The couple seems worried and anxious about having a new family member and how well the child will attach to them as new parents. How can the nurse help this couple?

Encourage the couple to go to a state parental support group.

A parent tells the nurse that her 8-year-old child throws a fit each night, refusing to go to bed. What interventions can the nurse suggest to the mother to help promote sleep in the school-age child?

Encouraging a quiet activity before bedtime

Which symptoms are commonly seen in a child with depression? Select all that apply.

Focus on violence, Somatic complaints, Poor school performance

The school nurse is teaching a class on safety. Which activities require protective athletic gear? Select all that apply.

Football, lacrosse, skateboarding

A parent is interested in obtaining information about foster care. What is the most appropriate explanation the nurse can give the parent?

Foster care is placing the child in an approved living situation away from the family.

What finding from an assessment of the anterior fontanel of a neonate should the nurse report to the health care provider?

Fused sutures

With a diagnosis of histoplasmosis, the nurse would expect to find which symptoms during the patient assessment?

General systemic symptoms such as pallor, diarrhea, vomiting, and irregularly spiking temperature

A woman has delivered a baby at 30 weeks of gestation. The baby is apneic after birth. What will be the immediate step taken by the nurse?

Gently rub the newborn's back.

A toddler is given pasta, but refuses the dish because it does not taste good to the child. The nurse then gives the child a banana to eat, but the child refuses to try it, because he doesn't think it will taste good. What is the nurse's next step?

Give the banana to the child later.

What should the nurse recommend to the parents to help a toddler cope with the birth of a new sibling?

Give the toddler a doll with which he or she can imitate the parents.

What should the nurse recommend that parents do to minimize toddler temper tantrums?

Giving medication in a large cup if the child refuses to take medicine in a small cup.

Girls experience an increase in weight and fat deposition during puberty. Nursing considerations related to this fact include what?

Giving reassurance that these changes are normal

The nurse is interviewing the parent of a 3-year-old-child to determine growth and development. The parent tells the nurse, "My child can ride a tricycle well." Which skill set does the child demonstrate by performing this action?

Gross motor skills

What is a normal occurrence during puberty for males?

Gynecomastia

What is the causative agent for erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)?

HPV B19

Which control measures should the nurse include when teaching parents how to prevent the spread of infection at home?Select all that apply.

Handwashing, not sharing eating utensils, and covering the face when sneezing

The parents of a 4½-year-old girl are worried because she has an imaginary playmate. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse, drawing on knowledge of the preschooler?

Having imaginary playmates is normal and useful in children of this age.

The nurse is caring for a child with diarrhea and finds the child is stressed. The nurse interacts with the child to determine the cause of the stress. Which signs and symptoms of stress does the nurse find in the child? Select all that apply.

Headache, bedwetting. Disturbed sleep patterns

A parent reports to the nurse that the child is stressed by having to take an examination. Which symptoms associated with stress does the nurse find in the child? Select all that apply.

Headache, neck pain, and abdominal pain

Which factor makes the neonate more prone to problems of dehydration and acidosis?

Immature kidneys cannot concentrate urine.

The nurse is providing education to a group of parents at a health fair in a local kindergarten. The nurse tells the group that which is the most common cause of death among children ages 5 to 9 years old?

Inappropriate use of bike helmets and seat belts

According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task of the preschool period is developing a sense of what?

Initiative

The nurse is educating parents about growth and development of preschoolers. What instructions does the nurse give the parents to help them make preschoolers feel comfortable with their body image? Select all that apply.

Instill positive principles regarding body image. Emphasize the importance of accepting other individuals. Give the children encouraging feedback regarding their appearance.

Which intervention may decrease the incidence of physiologic jaundice in a healthy term infant?

Instituting early and frequent feedings

What is an important nursing intervention in the care of a child with bacterial conjunctivitis?

Intermittent warm, moist compresses to remove crusts on the eye area

The parent of a 2-year-old child tells the nurse, "My child mostly drinks milk and fruit juice and consumes very little solid food." The nurse further assesses the child for which condition?

Iron-deficiency.

A mother shouts at her 7-year-old child for doing wrong. Two days after this incident, the child develops fever. The child believes that fever is a punishment by God. What does the nurse interpret from this condition?

It is a normal behavior seen at this age.

The parents of a 12-year-old child complain to the nurse that the child asks them about masturbation after watching a contraceptive advertisement. The parents are anxious about their child. Which response of the nurse helps relieve the parents' anxiety?

It is an age-associated behavior.

What should the registered nurse include when teaching a group of parents about appropriate sex education for preschoolers?

It is appropriate to answer the child's questions about sex.

The nurse is assessing a child with herpetic gingivostomatitis. The nurse wears gloves when examining the lesions. Is this nursing action necessary or unnecessary?

It is necessary, because the virus can easily enter breaks in the skin.

While caring for a patient with kwashiorkor in the hospital, the nurse suspects lactose intolerance. Which finding supports the nurse's suspicion?

Laboratory results reveal the pH of feces is 3.0

The nurse is teaching parents about lead poisoning. The nurse should warn the parents about which sources of lead?

Lead-based paint, Vinyl mini-blinds, and battery casings.

The nurse is screening children at a community health care center to detect possible metal poisoning. Part of the screening process includes asking the parents what year the house was built. The parents state that their house was built in 1960. Based on this information, for which metal should the nurse test the child?

Lead.

A female patient reports grayish, sticky vaginal discharge. What does this symptom indicate to the nurse?

Leukorrhea

What should be incorporated into a weight-reduction program for the management of adolescent obesity? Select all that apply.

Limited portion sizes, dietary modifications, behavioral modification

Parents who are divorcing are worried about how the divorce will affect their child. Which symptom indicates unhealthy coping in the child?

Loss of appetite

The nurse is teaching a class on the dangers of huffing. What information is included as the priority side effect of huffing?

Loss of consciousness

A female patient is hesitant to take hot soup for breakfast. When asked the reason for the hesitation, the patient tells the nurse, "My menses have started. I cannot take any hot food now." What is the nurse's best response?

May i bring you something else for breakfast?

A child is allergic to neomycin. Which vaccine does the nurse instruct this child's parent to avoid?

Measles, mumps, and rubella

A preschooler who has giardiasis is receiving metronidazole for treatment. What should the nurse recognize as a side effect of metronidazole?

Metallic taste in mouth

Which families may correspond to stage VII of Duvall's developmental stages of the family?

Middle-aged families

What is the best approach for dealing with stress in preschoolers?

Monitor behaviors

What is an important consideration in the prevention of injuries during middle childhood?

Most injuries occur in or near school or home.

A mother tells the nurse that her toddler always says no to her requests. How does Erikson describe this toddler's behavior?

Negativism.

The mother of a 4-year-old explains to the nurse that her child frequently shouts while asleep, thrashing in the bed, and is unaware that she has entered the room. The child will return to sleep without incident and is unaware the next day that this has occurred. What does the nurse suspect the toddler is experiencing?

Night terrors.

The nurse recognizes that bullying is a common occurrence during the school-age years. How are the victims of bullies affected? Select all that apply.

Nightmares, social isolation, increased self harm, psychological stress

A parent of a 6-year-old child is worried, because the child brings toys from a friend's house without asking and often cheats in a game to win. What does the nurse infer from the child's behavior?

Normal behavior

The nurse is assessing a Hispanic newborn. The newborn is observed to have a slight yellowish skin tone. What does the nurse report for this observation?

Normal condition

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students the procedure of circumcision in male newborns. Which statement of the students indicates effective learning regarding the cause of yellowish white discharge from the site of the circumcision?

Normal condition

The nurse finds that a newborn has a flattened forehead and a decreased head size. What information does the nurse document?

Normal head

A group of boys has formed a club that is open to other boys who like to play sports. How is this behavior best described?

Normal social development of school-age children

A school nurse observes that a 4-year-old child is hitting another child. The child finds hitting enjoyable. What is the reason behind this?

Not punished

The parent of a 3-year-old child tells the nurse, "I offer food as a reward for appropriate behavior. I'm very pleased, because it works very well." The nurse informs the parent that the child may be at risk for which condition?

Obesity.

The parent of a hospitalized child tells the nurse, "We don't eat meat. We're practicing Buddhists and strict vegetarians." What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?

Ordering a meatless tray

A child presents with toothache and inability to chew properly. Following a dental assessment, the nurse finds that the child has malocclusion. Which treatment strategy is included in the treatment plan to relieve the child from symptoms?

Orthodontics

A child diagnosed with primary enuresis had been treated with conservative management, but the treatment did not yield good results. Which drugs should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan? Select all that apply

Oxybutynin; imipramine; desmopressin acetate nasal spray

A couple with three children seeks a divorce. The school nurse encourages the parents to tell the children about their situation. The parents agree and ask the nurse for advice about informing their children about the divorce with minimal negative impact on the children. What should the nurse suggest to the parents? Select all that apply.

Parents should tell all their children together. Children should be provided reassurance. Parents should give the reason for their divorce.

Why do peer relationships play a significant role during adolescence?

Peer relationships provide adolescents with a source of social reinforcement.

An adolescent complains of abdominal pain, nausea, and constipation. On further assessment, the nurse finds that the adolescent is sexually active. Which condition is the adolescent likely to have?

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A young adult approaches the nurse with painless ulcers on the penis. On examination, the nurse observes that the ulcers are red in color and sharply defined, with indurated base and raised borders. The ulcers have occasional scanty yellow discharge. What medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed?

Penicillin G

A nurse receives a call from a parent who says that her 12-year-old son just lost a permanent tooth while playing soccer. What instruction should the nurse give to the parent to increase the likelihood that the tooth can be re-implanted?

Place the avulsed tooth in cold milk for transport to the dentist.

During a home visit to a toddler, the nurse finds that the home has a balcony with rails, and the opening between the rails is 3 inches. There is a CO detector in the home. Cough syrup has been placed in a childproof container on a high level shelf. The house has an old refrigerator in a storage room, and its doors have been removed. Which finding in the home should be addressed by the nurse?

Placing of cough syrup in a container at a high level.

The nurse is assessing a toddler and finds that the child is in a growth spurt. What should the nurse tell the family regarding feeding the child to meet his or her nutritional needs? Select all that apply.

Plan a nutritionally balanced week. Serve food in various physical forms.

The best approach for effective communication with a preschooler is through what?

Play

Which internal asset does the nurse encourage in young members of the community by giving them a sense of their own power, purpose, worth, and promise?

Positive identity

A child's parent is worried and disappointed about the child's behavior. The parent tells the nurse, "My child does not obey my instructions, bullies peers, and doesn't complete their homework on time." What should the nurse instruct the parent to do to change the child's behaviors? Select all that apply.

Prevent the situations that make the child aggressive. Reward the child when homework is completed on time.

How does the nurse refer to the interval between the early manifestations of the disease and the time when the overt clinical syndrome is evident?

Prodomal stage

How does the nurse refer to the period between early manifestations of the disease and its overt clinical syndrome?

Prodromal period

A female adolescent seeks the nurse's advice regarding contraception following unprotected sexual intercourse. Which contraceptive methods are effective for emergency or postcoital contraception? Select all that apply.

Progesterone-only pill; copper-releasing intrauterine device

A parent reports to the nurse that the infant responds to the environment by staring at close-range objects. While assessing the infant, the nurse places objects within 7 and 8 inches of the infant's view. Which state of sleep or activity does the nurse expect based on the assessment finding?

Quiet Alert

The nurse assessed the Apgar score of a newborn 1 minute after delivery. The nurse finds that heart rate of the newborn is 103 beats per minute. The newborn has a strong cry and also flexes the limbs in response to touch. The newborn breathes and sneezes on touching the nose. The parent is worried, because the newborn's body is pink and the extremities are blue.What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Reassure the parent that the child appears healthy right now.

During a well-child visit the father of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse that he is not certain that his child is ready for kindergarten. The child's birthday is close to the cutoff date, and the child has not attended preschool. What is the most appropriate recommendation by the nurse?

Referring the child for developmental screening and making a recommendation based on the results

The nurse is assessing a child who belongs to the Jehovah's Witnesses. After the assessment, the nurse finds that the child requires a blood transfusion. However, the child's parents refuse the blood transfusion after learning about the child's condition. What is the most appropriate nursing action in this situation?

Report this incident to a family court.

The nurse should teach parents of toddlers how to prevent poisoning by instructing them to do what?

Store poisonous substances in a locked cabinet.

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old patient who is the victim of a house fire. The patient has burns to the face, head, and neck. The nurse should prioritize which assessment for this patient?

Respiratory.

The parent of a toddler, concerned that the child is not getting enough calories, tells the nurse, "She'll only eat crackers, cheese, and turkey." How can the nurse characterize the typical toddler's eating behavior?

Ritualism.

What does Erikson describe in his theory of psychosocial development as the most important task for school-age children?

Sense of industry, in which children have access to tasks that need to be done and are able to complete them

Moral development in late adolescence is best characterized by what?

Serious questioning of existing moral values

The parents of a child aged 8 years are very concerned about their child's sadness, loss of affective response, decreased interest in playing, fatigue, and irritability. On enquiry the nurse determines that the child is not displaying perceptional abnormalities and suicidal tendencies. What medications may be included in this child's treatment plan? Select all that apply.

Sertraline; bupropion

While speaking to the parents of a child, the nurse finds that the child has not shown any interest in food the last few days. The nurse learns that the toddler likes vegetarian food, and his or her favorite plate is a plastic one. The parents serve food on a ceramic plate. What advice should the nurse give the parents?

Serve the child's favorite food on the favorite plate.

A preschooler is admitted for treatment of acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. The nurse is ordered to administer activated charcoal to the patient. However, the preschooler refuses to take the activated charcoal slurry because of its black, muddy color. What is the most appropriate nursing action in this situation?

Serve the slurry in an opaque container with a cover.

The student nurse is caring for a 3-year-old toddler who belongs to a purely vegetarian family. The student nurse received detailed info about dietary patterns followed by various cultures. Which action made by the student nurse needs correction?

Serving the toddler yogurt with fruit mixed in.

The nurse finds that the parents of an infant are not able to console their baby. The nurse learns that the baby keeps crying for long hours and the parents sometimes shake the baby vigorously in frustration. What should the nurse teach the parents?

Shaking the baby may lead to permanent brain injuries in the baby.

The parent of a 1-and-a-half-year-old child asks the nurse whether meat and hot dogs can be included in the child's diet. How does the nurse respond?

Slice the meat into small pieces before serving.

Children are taught the values of their culture through observation and feedback on their own behavior. A nurse teaching a class on cultural awareness competence should be aware of what factors that may be culturally determined? Select all that apply.

Social roles Degree of competition Determination of status

What are some characteristics of physical development in a 30-month-old child? Select all that apply.

Sphincter control has been achieved. Primary dentition is complete.

The parents of an 8-year-old girl tell the nurse that their daughter wants to join a soccer team. What is the most appropriate recommendation, based in the nurse's knowledge of this age group?

Sports participation is encouraged if the sport is appropriate to the child's abilities.

During which stage of Duvall's developmental stages of the family would a family experience arguments with teenage children for autonomy, refocus on midlife, marital, and career issues, and show concern for their older parents?

Stage V

In which stage of Duvall's developmental stages of the family would someone prepare for his or her own death?

Stage VIII

A preschooler is admitted to the hospital with an undiagnosed exanthema. What precautions should the nurse take in this situation?

Standard and all transmission-based precautions

When preparing to administer the hepatitis B vaccine to a newborn, which steps should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Start an immunization record. Obtain a syringe with a 25-gauge, ⅝-in needle. Confirm the hepatitis B status of the newborn's mother. Confirm that the newborn's mother has signed the informed consent.

The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child with burns. Which finding would be suggestive of child abuse?

Symmetrical pattern.

The parents of a 10-year-old child reveal to the nurse that after watching the news of a child-kidnapping case, their child is experiencing nightmares and bedwetting. The child has also stopped going out to play due to the fear of being kidnapped. Which priority intervention does the nurse employ for the child?

Teach relaxation techniques to the child.

Parents of a toddler are worried because their child touches the genitalia in public. What should the nurse advise?

Teach that genital stimulation in private is acceptable but not in public.

During middle childhood, some children tend to tell stories to their parents by exaggerating events at school. What suggestion does the nurse give to the parents to manage this?

Teach the difference between reality and fantasy.

The nurse is performing annual assessments of height and weight in school children ages 6 to 12 years. The nurse compares the current assessment of height and weight of the children with the previous year's assessment of the same set of children. What changes does the nurse expect to find in the healthy children?

The 12-year-old children are about 150 to 155 cm tall

Which statement is accurate information about patterns of sleep and wakefulness in the infant?

The alert quiet state is the best stage for infant stimulation

A mother tells the nurse that she is concerned because her 3-year-old son has recently started talking about an imaginary friend named Gus. What is the best information for the nurse to use to address the mother's concern?

The appearance of imaginary companions is common among 3-year-olds.

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child. What age-appropriate language skills should the nurse expect in this child? Select all that apply.

The child at this age has a vocabulary of 1500 words. The child uses complete sentences of 3 to 4 words.

A nurse is teaching about the growth and developmental stages in children to their parents. Which statement does the nurse include about tasks that can be performed by a 6-year-old child?

The child can count 13 pennies without effort

The nurse is assessing a child who can count backwards from 20 to 1. Based on the child's age, what concepts of conservation would the child be able to determine?

The child can determine the permanence of an object's mass and volume

The nurse is caring for a child with erupted lateral maxillary incisors and mandibular cuspids. Which developmental behavior corresponds with this child's age?

The child can independently make it to school on time

The nurse is performing an assessment of a 7-year-old child. The child's parents report to the nurse that instead of studying, the child spends most of his time collecting stickers of cars and bikes. What does the nurse infer from the parents' report?

The child enjoys collecting the stickers.

Following the assessment of a 3-year-old child, the nurse tells the parents that they will have to make efforts to manage the child, because their child has a slow-to-warm-up temperament. Based on what findings has the nurse made this assessment? Select all that apply.

The child has a moody nature. The child has decreased adaptability

The nurse is assessing the gross motor skills of a 5-year-old child. The nurse finds that the child's gross motor development is delayed and is similar to that of a 4-year-old child. Which activities of the child lead the nurse to conclude this? Select all that apply.

The child is able to throw a ball overhead. The child stands on one foot for a few seconds

The parent of a 20-month-old toddler tells the nurse, "I don't understand my child's eating habits. Sometimes my child eats a lot and the next day nothing at all. Sometimes my child may push away the plate and reject a favorite food for no reason." What does the nurse understand from the child's behavior?

The child is influenced by the psychological components of food.

When the parent tells the preschooler to put on shoes, the preschooler wears the left shoe on the right foot and the right shoe on the left foot. What does this action indicate?

The child is normal

A nurse is performing an assessment of a 12-year-old child. After the assessment, the nurse documents that the child has impaired growth and development. Which personal and social traits has the nurse found in the child? Select all that apply.

The child spend most of his or her time alone; the child plays with the same sex group

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child. Which behavior in the child indicates that the child has attained socialization capabilities?

The child takes pride in his or her many accomplishments.

After speaking with a 10-year-old child, the nurse advises the child to participate in an anti-bullying program. Which behaviors of the child might have led the nurse to give this advice? Select all that apply.

The child withdraws from social activities; the child has verbalized suicidal idealizations

A 5-year-old boy asks the parent, "How do girls pee?" The mother is very anxious about the child's behavior and consults with the nurse. Which response made by the nurse relieves the parent's anxiety?

The child's behavior indicates the phallic stage

The nurse has explained about preparation of formula milk to a mother. The nurse is observing the mother, who is preparing the formula milk. Which action performed by the mother needs correction?

The mother avoids discarding the remaining milk after feeding.

The nurse finds that a neonate is sleeping with eyes closed and has an irregular breathing pattern. What can be interpreted about the neonate's sleep?

The neonate is in a light sleep state.

A parent brings a child to the clinic for a regular checkup. The health care provider begins to ask questions about the family's medical history. The parent privately explains that the child is adopted, and does not want the child to know. What is the most appropriate advice for the nurse to give this parent?

The nurse should advise the parent to speak openly to the child and tell the truth.

What does the nurse suspect is causing malnourishment and dental caries in a child?

The parents giving 10 ounces of fruit juice per day to the toddler.

The parents tell a nurse that they prefer giving an all-fruit diet to their child to improve the health status. They have been practicing this for about 6 months. What problems can the nurse anticipate due to this practice in the child?

The patient may have dental caries.

The nurse is explaining to the parents of a 2-year-old burned in a house fire how the severity of the burn is calculated. How does the medical team determine the severity of a burn?

The percentage of body surface area.

Which is descriptive of the nutritional requirements of preschool children?

The quality of the food consumed is more important than the quantity.

Thermoregulation presents a potential problem for neonates. What is the primary cause of thermoregulation instability in the newborn?

The thin layer of subcutaneous fat

A 12-year-old child having a check-up at a clinic has not received the hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine. Based on his or her knowledge of vaccines, which does the nurse recognize is the most appropriate recommendation?

The three-dose series of HBV vaccine should be started at this time.

A 12-year-old child having a check-up at a clinic has not received the hepatitis B vaccine. Based on his or her knowledge of vaccines, which does the nurse recognize is the most appropriate recommendation?

The three-dose series of HBV vaccine should be started at this time.

The nurse is assessing the fine motor skills in a 24-month-old toddler. Which action by the toddler indicates delayed development? Select all that apply.

The toddler is unable to release an object at will. The toddler is unable to build a block tower. The toddler loses balance while throwing a ball. The toddler cannot drop objects into a narrow-necked bottle.

The nurse is educating parents about the use of entertainment media for children. Which statement by a parent indicates that the parent requires further teaching?

The use of entertainment media is helpful in developing of good food habits in children."

What info should the nurse give to parents of toddlers about the regular use of fluoridated water or beverages that contain fluoride?

These drinks can cause stains or pits in the teeth.

Play takes on new dimensions in the school years. What are some of the ways in which play helps school-age children develop?

They acquire mastery over themselves, their environment, and others

Which statement concerning folk remedies is true?

They may be used to reinforce the treatment plan.

Which statement about young children who report sexual abuse by a parent is correct?

They may exhibit various behavioral manifestations.

The nurse is teaching methods to reduce the incidence of bedwetting with the parents of a child who has enuresis. Which actions by the parents indicate they may need additional instruction from the nurse? Select all that apply.

They put the child in pull-up diaper just before bed; they limit fluids for the duration of the day

What purpose can imaginary playmates serve in the lives of preschoolers?

They serve as friends in times of loneliness.

The nurse manager observes that a nurse is teaching a child's parents about the dietary requirements for managing protein energy malnutrition (PEM). After the teaching the nurse manager says to the nurse, "It looked to me like the child's parents were feeling overwhelmed with your teaching." Which signs did the nurse manager observe in the child's parents to support this conclusion? Select all that apply.

They were silent for a long period of time. They looked at the clock frequently. Their facial expressions were fixed

A woman approaches the nurse with complaints of edema and pruritus of the external genitalia. On examination, the nurse finds a greenish foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Which medication may be prescribed for relief for this patient?

Tinidazole

Parents tell the nurse that they are concerned about their 4-year-old child's fear of the dark. How should the nurse teach the parent to respond to normal preschool fears?

To actively involve the child in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience

After completing the assessment of a newborn, the nurse instructs the newborn's father to spend time with and play with the newborn. What is the probable reason for this instruction?

To soothe and relieve distress in the infant.

During a home visit, the nurse determines that the patient lives with her husband and two biologic children. There are no other people living in the home. How should the nurse document these findings?

Traditional nuclear family

In the early neonatal period, crying or straining can result in increased pressure that shunts unoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart across the ductal opening. What is this condition called?

Transient cyanosis

Parents of a 10-year-old child are concerned that their child has been recently showing signs of low self-esteem. What should the nurse consider when discussing this issue with the parents?

Transitory periods of lowered self-esteem are expected developmentally.

The nurse finds a blister on the wrist area while assessing a Jewish patient. When asked about the burn, the patient tells the nurse, "My grandmother had rubbed garlic on my wrist." What is the reason for the grandmother to take this action?

Treat skin infections

The nurse is educating parents about behavior modification techniques to discipline children. What advice does the nurse provide to the parents to help them in disciplining children? Select all that apply.

Use rewards to encourage positive behavior. Promise a visit to the zoo for good behavior Use time-outs to help the child become calm.

A school-age child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is treated with tricyclic antidepressants. Which actions does the nurse include in the nursing care plan to help prevent medication-related complications in the patient? Select all that apply.

Visit the dentist regularly., Brush twice a day and floss once a day., Use a fluoride toothpaste for brushing.

What measures should be taken to prevent lead poisoning for people living in a community where most of the houses were built in the year 1960? Select all that apply.

Wash toys and pacifiers frequently. Use cold water for the preparation of formula. Run the water 2 minutes before using it.

Two parents bring their child in for examination. They state that the child looks pale and hasn't been eating for a while. The parents report that they have just returned from a month's vacation to a tropical country. An examination of the child's stool sample shows hookworms. What precaution for preventing the hookworm infestation does the nurse teach the parents?

Wearing shoes when playing in soil

What is descriptive of family system theory?

When the family system is disrupted, change may occur at any point in the system.

How should the nurse instruct the parent to care for the eye of a child who has bacterial conjunctivitis?

Wipe from the inner canthus downward and outward away from the opposite eye.

The nurse is caring for a terminally ill adolescent. The adolescent refuses the prescribed pain medications and says that the treatment is not going to help anyway. What is the best response by the nurse?

explain that the medications will make the child feel better

A nurse is teaching a mother of a 2-month-old infant about nutrition of the baby. Which food is the best for the child at this age?

breast milk

After recording the weight of a newborn child, the nurse concludes that the newborn is a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. What is the weight of the baby?

less than 2.5 kg

The nurse is reviewing the ultrasound scan video of a woman who is 2 months pregnant. Which part of the fetus's body is most clearly viewed in the scan?

the head

In what stage of development is egocentrism a predominant characteristic of intellectual development?

Preoperational

Which statement helps explain the growth and development of children?

the sequence of developmental milestones is predictable

The nurse is assessing a child with an injury. The child says, "God has punished me for my wrong behavior." What is the best response by the nurse?

"Your God is going to make you well soon"

The nurse instructed a nursing student about temperamental attributes of childhood behavior. The nurse is evaluating student comprehension of the material. Which statement by the student indicates the need for further teaching?

"the difficult child tends to adapt quickly to new routines

An infant weighed 7 pounds at the time of birth. If the growth and development of the infant is normal, how much does the height increase after one month?

1 inch

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has severe measles. While checking the history, the nurse finds that the toddler has ophthalmologic evidence of vitamin A deficiency. The nurse is ordered to administer vitamin A supplement to the toddler. How should the nurse plan to administer the supplements in this situation?

Administer a repeat dose the next day and after 4 weeks

At what age should the nurse expect the anterior fontanel to fuse?

Between 12 and 18 months

What is an important part of establishing therapeutic communication with adolescents?

Building a foundation for a trusting relationship

Strict isolation is required for a child who is hospitalized with which infectious disease?

Chickenpox

A nurse notes during physical assessment that the infant's chest anteroposterior diameter equals the transverse diameter. How should this finding be interpreted by the nurse?

Normal

Following an assessment, the nurse finds that the child has poor gross motor skills. Which instruction should the nurse give to the parents for improving the muscle coordination in the child?

Encourage the child to play with toys that require pulling

The nurse is working with the family of a child who just received a diagnosis of cancer. The family is overwhelmed with all of the information given to them. The nurse instructs the family to make a list of pros and cons of the different treatment regimens and bring their concerns to the next health care provider's appointment. What role does the nurse assume in this situation?

Family Advocate

What does the nurse recognize as having the greatest impact on the significant decline in incidence of communicable diseases of childhood?

Immunizations

While working a night shift, the nurse learns that no translator is available in the hospital. What can the nurse do to ensure correct translations when using children as translators?

Interrupting the parent and asking the child to translate every few sentences

The nurse is reviewing the skeletal x-ray scan of a 3-year-old child. The nurse finds that there is a well-defined line of demarcation between the diaphysis and the epiphysis in the lower end of the femur. What does the nurse interpret from this?

It is a normal finding in a three-year old

What principles should the nurse recognize in providing a traumatic care? Select all that apply.

Prevent or minimize bodily injury to the child. Promote the child's sense of control and independence. Prevent or minimize the child's separation from the family.

During a well-baby visit, the parents of a 12-month-old ask the nurse for advice on age-appropriate toys for their child. The nurse, drawing on knowledge of developmental levels, suggests the most appropriate toys. What are they? Select all that apply

Push-pull toys Pop-up toys such as Jack-in-the-box Toys that pop apart and fit back together

Which statement correctly explains why it can be difficult to assess a child's dietary intake?

Recall of children's food consumption is frequently unreliable

The nurse finds that a preschooler has hyperactivity and autistic-like behaviors. What would be the nurse's best intervention?

Recommend diagnostic genetic testing for fragile X syndrome

What should nurses recognize as appropriate actions when they are communicating with families through an interpreter? Select all that apply.

Refraining from interrupting family members and the interpreter while they are conversing Being aware that cultural differences may exist with regard to views on sex, marriage, and pregnancy Explaining to the interpreter the reason for the interview and listing the types of questions that will be asked

What characteristics of the rash should the nurse expect to find in a child with roseola infantum? Select all that apply.

Rose-pink in color Appears first on the trunk Fades when pressure is applied

The nurse is teaching the parents of a crawling infant about childhood injuries and how to prevent them. Based on the developmental characteristics of infants, what will the nurse include in the teaching?

See to it that the child does not place objects in mouth

The nurse stops the child in the pediatric ward from reaching into the waste bin. Of which stage of intellectual development is this child's behavior indicative?

Sensorimotor

Which nursing intervention would be most effective in decreasing mortality from unintentional injury?

Teaching parents and caretakers about proper use of vehicle restraint seats

The parent of a 1-year-old child is worried because the child is not able to speak words and uses hand gestures. The mother informs the nurse that the child is able to say only three words: ma, bye, and go. What does the nurse interpret from this?

The child has normal language development

The nurse is assessing skin turgor in a child. The nurse grasps the skin of the abdomen between the thumb and index finger, pulls it taut, and quickly releases it. The tissue remains suspended, or tented, for a few seconds and then slowly falls back on the abdomen. The nurse, drawing on knowledge of the assessment of skin turgor, interprets this finding to indicate what?

The child has poor skin turgor

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child in a pediatric facility. On reviewing the previous medical reports, the nurse finds that the child's height was normal with respect to age until 12 months of age. Presently, the height of the child is much lower as compared to a normally developed 7-year-old child. What can the nurse interpret from this?

The growth of the lower limbs is impaired

The nurse is performing an assessment of a neonate. Which body site does the nurse choose to safely and accurately obtain a neonate's temperature?

The nurse places the tip of the thermometer in the axilla

The etiology component of the nursing diagnosis describes what?

The physiologic, situational, and maturational factors that cause the problem or influence its development

The school nurse finds that a preschooler seems uninterested in basketball and more interested in games such as London Bridge. What could be the reason behind the child's interest?

The preschooler doesn't like competitive games

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child in a healthcare facility. The child asks another female patient with a distended abdomen, "When is your baby coming out?" Of what is this behavior indicative?

Transductive reasoning

The nurse is providing care for a child with a respiratory illness. The child appears very shy during interaction. Which intervention will the nurse implement to improve the level of functioning and increase the self-esteem in the child?'

being physically present and using touch

What is the recommended age for a child to begin primary immunizations?

birth

What role does a nurse play in family-centered care to enhance the care provided to the children of a family?

enhance natural caregiving expertise within the family

The primary health care provider has prescribed a medical treatment for a child with an injury. What is the priority nursing action in this case?

explain the treatment at the family's level of understanding

The nurse is concerned with the prevention of communicable disease. From what does primary prevention result?

immunizations

Which nursing intervention would best help a pediatric patient solve a current problem if the patient has impaired problem-solving and decision-making skills due to a psychiatric illness?

listen to the patient's views regarding the problem

In which age group do children begin to direct their focus away from the family group to engage in a wide range of interaction among peers?

middle childhood

A nurse is delivering a lecture to a group of parents on child health and diseases. Which is the most common cause of death in children older than 1 year?

motor vehicle accidents

The nurse is taking a health history of a child. At the beginning of the interview one of the parents says, "She was born 6 weeks premature." In what section of the health history should this information be recorded?

past history

A nurse understands that a number of factors influence food preferences and may differ from one age group to another. Which factor is instrumental in determining food preferences in adolescents?

peer acceptability

A nurse understands that the nursing process is an important part of pediatric nursing. Which activity is a part of the implementation phase of the nursing process?

putting the selected interventions into action

A nurse is assessing a 12-year-old child in a community establishment. The parent says that, for the past 2 years, the child has not seemed to concentrate in school. The child is very forgetful, becomes extremely aggressive while playing, and is very silent otherwise. What does the nurse suspect from the history of the child?

the child is affected by incidents of chronic violence

The nurse is providing care for a child with an injury which requires a brief hospital stay. Which nursing actions are most appropriate for building a good therapeutic relationship with the child and the family?Select all that apply.

the nurse encourages family involvement in the caring process; the nurse learns about the religious beliefs of the child; the nurse assesses the family's feelings of anxiety or fear