EVR 1001 Ch.6

The highest fertility rates occur mostly in which climate? tropical savanna tropical monsoon humid subtropical complex mountain subtropical steppe

humid subtropical

Which climate contains the highest population density? humid continental, cool summer tropical rainy semiarid humid subtropical humid continental, warm summer

humid subtropical

Which of the following is a young man in Ogoniland most likely to be involved with? child care illegal oil refining fishing farming

illegal oil refining

There are approximately ________ people on Earth. 15 million 6.7 billion 7.4 billion 1.5 billion 10 billion

7.4 billion

What percentage of households in 2000 had 3 or fewer people? 16.5% 17.2% 74.9% 64.4%

74.9%

Predict which of the following United Nations funding proposals both Sylva and Seager might support. A proposal by a European country to promote bigger families and reverse declining fertility rates An overseas government plan to require one-child families A development plan to build schools for girls in a poverty-stricken country A third-world country plan to provide free contraceptives

A development plan to build schools for girls in a poverty-stricken country

Which part of the IPAT model represents the influence of wealth and its environmental impact? I for environmental impact T for technology A for affluence P for population

A for affluence

Which of the following is most likely to be interested in acquiring the use of land in the Niger Delta? A large tech company A fishing boat manufacturer A large agribusiness A mineral mining company

A large agribusiness

The global human population recently surpassed 7 billion people, and its annual growth is approximately _____ at the present. 1% 4% 7% 10% 12%

1%

During which of the following periods did the world's population more than double? 1850-1900 1800-1850 1750-1800 1900-1950 1950-2000

1950-2000

A population that is not growing will have a TFR of ________. less than 1.0 2.1 or lower 1.2 5 or higher zero

2.1 or lower

You are a demographer. After numerous calculations and diligent research, you agree with UN predictions regarding the human population. When do you think it will peak? 2025 2050 2075 2100

2050

Which region has the highest percentage of its population under age 15? South America North America Africa Asia All of the listed responses are correct.

Africa

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of very high fertility rates? They increase pollution. They contribute to overpopulation. They contribute to urban congestion. They increase stress on the local ecosystems. All of the above are consequences.

All of the above are consequences.

Environmental factors set limits on the growth of populations. What is this limit referred to? Carrying capacity Total fertility rate Population density Tipping point

Carrying capacity

The nations with the highest rate of contraceptive use (84%) are the United Kingdom and ________. United States New Zealand South Africa Australia China

China

Sylva emphasizes the dangers to economies and social welfare systems from declining fertility rates. In comparison to Sylva, what would Seager say about declining fertility? Declining fertility is a false concern because global population is increasing. Governments should mandate one-child families to cause additional fertility declines. Declining fertility will exacerbate extreme poverty. Declining fertility would provide many social benefits, such as less crowded schools and roads.

Declining fertility would provide many social benefits, such as less crowded schools and roads.

If the UN has its way, which of the following will happen first in the Niger Delta? The damaged pipeline will be repaired. The rivers will be restocked with fish. The drinking water will be made safe to drink. New banana trees will be planted.

The drinking water will be made safe to drink.

Why do we study demography? Demography examines the interactions between living and nonliving members of an ecosystem Demography involves the nature of viruses. Demography investigates the relationship between population ecology and population changes. Demography explores the relationship between population and war.

Demography investigates the relationship between population ecology and population changes.

Which term describes the amount of cumulative land and water required to provide the raw materials a person or population consumes and to dispose of the waste that is produced? Ecological footprint Demographic transition TFR Carrying capacity

Ecological footprint

Which of the following would Lokiaka be most likely to support? An increase in kpo-fire. Continuation of the 1978 Land Use Act. Empowering women through education. Subsidizing oil companies.

Empowering women through education.

Which of the following people is most likely to be attributed to the following: "Overconsumption will be the ruin of humanity rather than overpopulation." Fred Pearce Julian Simon Harry Harrison Paul Ehrlich

Fred Pearce

Douglas Sylva gives four reasons why government population control is bad policy. Which of the following statements represents one of his reasons? Government influence over family size is prone to abuse. Money is better spent on population control than on other priorities. The world is experiencing increasing fertility. Severe development problems are linked to population growth.

Government influence over family size is prone to abuse.

Although Sylva and Seager seem to agree that couples should be able to make their own family planning decisions, they would disagree about which of the following statements? Many countries face severe poverty and development problems. Societies that value freedom and privacy keep government out of reproductive planning decisions. Earth's population has undergone a rapid increase in the past century. Governments should provide resources and education for family planning.

Governments should provide resources and education for family planning.

Which of the following was necessary for the human population to be able to produce increasing amounts of food? Orange Revolution Red Revolution Yellow Revolution Green Revolution

Green Revolution

There is no data on fertility for some areas of this region. For which of the following IS data available? Gujarat province Delhi Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep There is data for all of the above.

Gujarat province

Which was Thomas Malthus's argument? He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then population numbers would increase indefinitely and this would not cause problems. He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then we would simply create technology to correct the problem. He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then the population would come under check because of war, disease, and starvation. He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then our civilization would be consumed by famine and war by the end of the 20th century.

He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then the population would come under check because of war, disease, and starvation.

What was the overall trend in household size from 1970 to 2000? There was no overall trend. Household size stayed the same. Household size decreased. Household size increased.

Household size decreased.

If current trends continue, with parents in the U.S. choosing to have fewer children on average (for example, 1 or 2 children versus 3 or more), how will future household sizes be affected? All household size categories will decrease. Households of 3 and 4 people will increase. Households of 1 and 2 people will increase. Households of 3 and 4 people will increase and households with more than 5 people will decrease.

Households of 3 and 4 people will increase and households with more than 5 people will decrease.

Which of the following statements about Earth's carrying capacity for humans is true? Earth's carrying capacity for humans is approximately 350 million people. Human beings are not unlike other animals concerning carrying capacity, but we utilize technology to artificially raise the carrying capacity increasingly higher. Humans do not have a carrying capacity because we are at the top of the food chain. Earth can support an infinite number of humans.

Human beings are not unlike other animals concerning carrying capacity, but we utilize technology to artificially raise the carrying capacity increasingly higher.

What is the sex ratio in China because of the one-child policy? It skewed toward more females resulting in more reproduction per person in the population. It is skewed toward more males, causing a slowing in population growth. It is skewed toward the upper class. It is evenly distributed between males and females.

It is skewed toward more males, causing a slowing in population growth.

A graph of world population growth over the past 500 years most closely resembled the letter ________. M U K J S

J

What correlation exists between population density and fertility rates in India? Fertility rates are highest in regions of high population density. Fertility rates are highest in regions of low population density. No correlation exists between the two. Fertility rates are lowest in regions of high population density.

No correlation exists between the two.

Which of the following statements best describes the implications of household size for energy consumption and land use and development? There is no relationship between household size and energy and land use. Larger households (those with 4 or more than 5 people) mean a larger population and higher overall environmental impacts. If more households are small (with 1 or 2 people), energy consumption will decrease. Overall energy and land use will depend on the type and density of housing developments in an area.

Overall energy and land use will depend on the type and density of housing developments in an area.

Why does Africa have the highest total fertility rate but a lower population density than parts of southern and eastern Asia? Africa has greater biodiversity. Africa has more people than southern and eastern Asia. People in Africa are spread out over a greater area. People in southern and eastern Asia are spread out over a greater area. None of the listed responses are correct.

People in Africa are spread out over a greater area.

What could be a roadblock to the success of the new two-child policy? The poor education opportunities could deter some couples. The increased pollution could deter some couples. The increased cost of living could deter some couples. The decreased job opportunities could deter some couples.

The increased cost of living could deter some couples.

Which of the following tends to be true? Money has no impact on a person's carbon dioxide emissions. People with more money are responsible for less carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money. An unknown relationship between income and carbon dioxide emissions exists. People with more money are responsible for more carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money.

People with more money are responsible for more carbon dioxide emissions than those with less money.

Why did China institute the one-child policy in 1970? Resources were becoming strained, and pollution was increasing. Disease levels were increasing. Unemployment levels were too high. To stimulate the economy.

Resources were becoming strained, and pollution was increasing.

What is the primary reason that China changed its one-child policy to a two-child policy? Decreasing troops for the military Shrinking workforce Increasing disease rates Failing economy

Shrinking workforce

Which of the following countries has the highest fertility rate? China India Japan Somalia

Somalia

Which stage represents the fertility transition--a period of declining fertility rates related to economic and social change? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Stage 3

Based on trends, who will continue to acquire land in the Niger Delta? United States Delta women The Nigerian government Aid organizations

The Nigerian government

When birth rates decline, what happens to a given population? The average age of the population grows older. The average age of the population grows younger. The number of producers in the ecosystem decreases. The population shifts towards females.

The average age of the population grows older.

In 1900, there were approximately 1.75 billion humans on Earth; in 1950, there were approximately 2.3 billion; in the year 2025, approximately 8 billion people will inhabit the biosphere. In the period between 1900 and 2025, what has happened to the human population? It has stabilized. The intervals between population doublings are decreasing. The intervals (in years) of population doubling are fixed. Zero-population growth policies are at work.

The intervals between population doublings are decreasing.

Which of the following can be inferred from the age structure shown? The population in Canada is growing more rapidly than Nigeria. There was a "baby boom" in Nigeria 30 years ago. The population in Nigeria is growing more rapidly than Canada. The population in Nigeria has many more males than females.

The population in Nigeria is growing more rapidly than Canada.

Which of these statements about the growth of the human population is true? The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is still getting larger. The human population peaked in the 1960s and has been declining since. The human population has been growing at a steady and constant rate since 1800. Population growth is evenly divided with 50% of the increase coming from the developed countries and 50% from the developing countries.

The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is still getting larger.

What does a high percentage of population under age 15 tell us about a region's potential for population growth? The region's population will likely decrease. The region's population will likely remain stable. The region's population will likely fluctuate. The region's population will likely increase. None of the listed responses are correct.

The region's population will likely increase.

The period in a woman's life between sexual maturity and menopause is known as what? The demographic transition The family planning window The immigration transition The reproductive window

The reproductive window

How do women cause a reduction in the total fertility rate? Through empowerment, personal choice, and education Lower levels of education for women leads to lower growth rates. Promiscuity through available contraception High rates of female literacy result in high population growth rates.

Through empowerment, personal choice, and education

Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape? inverted pyramid a rectangle tapering toward the top pyramid

a rectangle tapering toward the top

What causes a decline in fertility rates? an increase in infant mortality and death rate a decrease in family planning and birth control an increase in family planning and birth control per capita income decreases

an increase in family planning and birth control

Zero population growth occurs in a population when ________. birth rate equals death rate and there is no migration total fertility rate exceeds the average replacement rate the carrying capacity is larger than the ecological footprint people have as many children as they can in the first 5 years of marriage the ecological footprints are larger than the carrying capacity

birth rate equals death rate and there is no migration

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? In the future the birth rate and death rate will be balanced, so the total population will remain relatively constant. supported not supported cannot be determined from the graph

cannot be determined from the graph

In a country where there are increasingly more households, ________. consumption should increase birth rates should remain constant population growth rates should increase consumption should decrease birth rates should increase

consumption should increase

In comparison to 1970, the overall percentage of households with 4 or more people in 2000______. increased relative to households of 3 or fewer people stayed the same decreased by approximately 10% decreased by approximately 1%

decreased by approximately 10%

Aside from contraception, human society and government policy can ________ to control population growth's negative effects on the environment. encourage emigration from Africa discourage emigration from Africa discourage equal education, employment, and literacy for women discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas encourage consumption

discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas

To limit the growth of the Zambian population, humanitarian aid agencies and organizations such as UNICEF are focusing on __________. increasing the availability of abortions educating and empowering women forced sterilization of women who already have three children giving people money to purchase birth control

educating and empowering women

The most accurate terms describing the trend over the past 50 years for human use of natural resources are ________. steady state, no change from unsustainable to sustainable increasing and unsustainable rapidly increasing, moving from unsustainable to sustainable decreasing and sustainable

increasing and unsustainable

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape? inverted pyramid a rectangle tapering toward the top pyramid

inverted pyramid

The view held by both Malthus and Paul Ehrlich suggests that depletion of resource supplies due to greater numbers of people ________. is not a problem because disease will limit population size is a problem because most resources are limited and can be depleted is not a problem because new resources can always be found to replace depleted ones will lead to natural selection of the most fit individuals will result in exponential population growth

is a problem because most resources are limited and can be depleted

The age structure diagram of Canada suggests that its total fertility rate (TFR) is ________. steadily rising less than zero less than the replacement rate over 5.0 zero

less than the replacement rate

Fertility rates are highest in which of the following? Sri Lanka northern India along the coasts of India southern India none of the above

northern India

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape? a rectangle tapering toward the top pyramid inverted pyramid

pyramid

John Seager describes several benefits of smaller families, including ____________. longer waits at hospitals busier schools reduced carbon emissions increased traffic congestion

reduced carbon emissions

Why aren't more couples using birth control in Zambia? Birth control in Zambia __________. is forbidden by the government is too expensive leads to an increase in sexually-transmitted infections requires travel that many families cannot afford.

requires travel that many families cannot afford.

What is the relationship between family income and family size? In general, as family income levels __________. fall, families have fewer children rise, families have fewer children become increasingly unpredictable, families have fewer children None of the listed responses above is correct.

rise, families have fewer children

In the demographic transition model, the highest population growth rate in a country is likely to occur during ________. stage 1, the preindustrial stage stage 2, the transitional stage stage 3, the industrial stage stage 4, the postindustrial stage stage 5, the stability transition stage

stage 2, the transitional stage

Which of the following climates contains the LOWEST population density? marine west coast subarctic tropical wet and dry tropical rainy highland

subarctic

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? The population grows most rapidly when the birth rate is significantly greater than the death rate. supported not supported cannot be determined from the graph

supported

Despite dire predictions in the past, humans still inhabit Earth. A few economists would argue that this is because ________. technological developments have alleviated some of the strain on Earth's resources space exploration has revealed new frontiers Malthus overestimated Earth's environmental sensitivity world population growth has been slower than expected Malthus's measurements were inaccurate

technological developments have alleviated some of the strain on Earth's resources

The term demographic transition refers to ________. the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates, occurring as a country economically develops the decline in death rates followed by a decline in birth rates that occurred because sanitation levels in areas improved the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches it biocapacity the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches the carrying capacity a requirement for a population to reach a specific size before it becomes stable

the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates, occurring as a country economically develops

Declining population growth rates in poor countries can be partially attributed to ________. the education of women illness in infants valuing the birth of a son reproducing beyond replacement fertility economic disasters

the education of women

The number of children in a family in Zambia has largely been determined by __________. the father the religious practices of the family the other children in the family the amount of available food

the father

Malthus was responsible for ________. defining the concept of ecosystem services authoring the book The Population Bomb, which described the disastrous effects of human population growth recognizing the demographic transition effect in developing nations the idea that population growth would lead to greater industry and prosperity the idea that without social restrictions, increasing human population would lead to famine and war

the idea that without social restrictions, increasing human population would lead to famine and war

When do smaller numbers of people have larger ecological footprints? when they are from developing nations when there is war when populations immigrate and emigrate when they are from affluent, wealthier nations

when they are from affluent, wealthier nations