Exam 1

Mothers are more likely than fathers to challenge children and encourage them to achieve more.

False

Psychological noise is interference in our environments, such as noises made by others, overly dim or bright lights, spam and pop-up ads, extreme temperatures. and crowded condinons

False

Self-actualization is the need that humans generally try to address first.

False

The transactional model recognizes that noise is absent throughout interpersonal communication.

False

A common instance of conflicting punctuation is the demand-withdraw pattern.

True

The transactional model of interpersonal communication emphasizes the dynamism of interpersonal communication and the multiple roles people assume during the process.

True

There are three dimensions of relationship meaning: responsiveness, affection, and power.

True

As our symbols become increasingly abstract, the potential for confusion decreases.

False

Direct definitions, self-fulfilling prophecies, attachment styles, and identity scripts are all ways that the generalized other influences our self- concept.

False

If a coworker tells you that your new boss is patient and hardworking, you will be more likely to overlook those qualities in your new boss.

False

Today, as our society struggles with changes in women, men, and families, the ideals of manhood are being revised yet again.

True

We follow communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them.

True

We use stereotypes to make predictions about people and situations

True

Many scholars argue that race:

is a socially constructed category

Assuming that we understand what another person thinks, feels or perceives is known as

mind reading

The ________ area of the Johari Window consists of your untapped resources, your untried talents, and your reactions to experiences you've never had.

unknown

Which of the following is a script?

your idea about how you should interact with a friend

Our perceptions are always partial and subjective

True

When communicating online, many people use ____ to communicate nonverbal information.

Emoticons

All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication EXCEPT:

Focus on inferences rather than facts

When you said my idea was stupid, I felt hurt" is an example of ___ language

I

Jenema is walking in a mall and a homeless person approaches her and asks for money. Jenema keeps walking without speaking to or looking at the person. The relationship between Jenema and the homeless person is

I-It

Manjeet notices that she is the only person who has not spoken in a group conversation. She reminds herself to be involved and to show she's interested in the group's talk, so she speaks up. Manjeet's noticing and changing her communication to be more effective in the situation is an example of

Monitoring

Information that is known both to us and to others is found in which area of the Johari Window?

Open

The attachment style an infant develops can change over the course of life.

True

"A good education is the key to success" is an example of an identity script.

True

All facets of our identities, such as race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic class, interact.

True

Appropriately adapted communication is sensitive to goals, contexts, and other people.

True

Assertiveness and competitiveness are encouraged and considered good in the United States, so people in the United States don't perceive it as unusual for people to compete.

True

Couple counselor Aaron Beck (1988) reports that overly general language distorts how partners think about a relationship.

True

Effective communication includes acknowledging that we are responsible for our own feelings.

True

Engaging in a dual perspective allows us to understand how someone else thinks and feels.

True

For the most part, we're not conscious of the rules that guide how, when, where, and with whom we communicate about various things

True

Language is a primary tool that social movements use to change cultural life and meanings.

True

Men tend to prefer offering advice about problems while women tend to prefer offering empathy before trying to help solve the problem

True

Online communication is irreversible just as face-to-face communication is.

True

Recent research shows that we can override the tendency to be more attentive to noisy or novel stimuli.

True

Since American culture emphasizes technology and speed, most Americans expect things to happen very quickly.

True

Corey thinks that people who are outgoing are also friendly, confident, and fun. Corey's assumption that outgoing people are also friendly, confident, and fun is an example of ________ at work.

implicit personality theory

Symbols are

arbitrary, ambiguous, abstract

Which type of rule specifies how to interpret different kinds of communication?

constitutive

When Jorge does badly on a test or paper, he usually says either the professor was unfair or he had too much to do that week and couldn't study like he wanted to. But when his friends do badly on a test, he tends to think they're not good in that subject or they aren't disciplined. This is an example of

fundamental attnbution error.

All of the following are part of the process of human perception EXCEPT:

imagination

All of the following are risks to self-disclosing communication EXCEPT:

others may increase closeness with us

According to the process of human perception, the selection process includes all of the following EXCEPT;

rational judgment

A cornerstone of eftective interpersonal communication is

respecting what others say about what they feel and think

In a study of both different and same sex couples, researchers found that couples in which both partners had __ attachment styles had the most mutually constructive communication.

secure

Nikki believes that she is lovable and that people are loving and can be trusted. Nikki has a ____ attachment style.

secure

Telling ourselves that we're no good, we can't do something, or there's no point in trying to change is a hurtful form of self-talk called:

self-sabotage

The _____ model of interpersonal communication is most accurate because it emphasizes the multiple roles that people take during the communication process.

transactional