Exam 1 (Chp 1-4)

There are approximately ________ million people living in the United States without legal authorization and the majority of these people are from________. a. 2; Mexico and Central America b. 11; Asia and Africa c. 6; Mexico and Central America d. 11; Mexico and Central America

11; Mexico and Central America

In 2017, what percentage of Americans did not know that "Obamacare" and the "Affordable Care Act" are the same thing? a. 5 b. 75 c. 15 d. 33

33

Approximately ________ percent of the world's population currently lives in a constitutional democracy. a. 75 b. 95 c. 60 d. 40

40

In order for the Constitution to be formally adopted, ________ of the ________ states in the Union had to agree to its terms. a. 34; 50 b. 9; 13 c. 13; 13 d. 7; 13

9; 13

Which of the following statements about the death penalty is most accurate? a. America and Canada are the only Western nations that still execute criminals b. America, Canada, France, and Norway are the only Western nations that still execute criminals. c. Almost every Western nation still executes criminals. d. America is the only Western nation that still executes criminals.

America is the only Western nation that still executes criminals.

Which of the following statements best describes how Americans currently feel about laissez-faire capitalism? a. Americans strongly support capitalism and economic liberty and reject all restrictions on economic freedom. b. Americans strongly oppose capitalism and economic liberty and endorse some restrictions on economic freedoms to protect the public. c. Americans strongly support capitalism and economic liberty but also endorse policies that are designed to guarantee economic equality among all citizens. d. Americans strongly support capitalism and economic liberty but also endorse some restrictions on economic freedoms to protect the public.

Americans strongly support capitalism and economic liberty but also endorse some restrictions on economic freedoms to protect the public.

The Supreme Court held that there is no substantial public interest in permitting lewd, obscene, profane, libelous, or insulting utterances in a. Dennis v. United States. b. R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul. c. Morse v. Frederick. d. Buckley v. Valeo.

Dennis v. United States

Which political philosopher wrote that life in a government-less state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short"? a. Hobbes b. Montesquieu c. Aristotle d. Locke

Hobbes

Why was the Declaration of Independence a remarkable philosophical statement for its time? a. It asserted that slavery was a "morally unjust" institution that should be outlawed. b. It asserted that there were "unalienable rights" that could not be abridged by governments. c. It asserted that laissez-faire capitalism would be the "supreme law of the land" in America. d. It asserted that America was "first and foremost, a Christian nation."

It asserted that there were "unalienable rights" that could not be abridged by governments.

Which of the following statements about the structure of American federalism is true? a. It has had almost no effect on the stability and functioning of the U.S. government. b. It has contributed to the longevity of the U.S. government by allowing many divisive policy decisions throughout American history to be made by states. c. It caused the Civil War to be fought decades before it would have been under a unitary system. d. It has contributed to the longevity of the U.S. government by forcing every state to develop in exactly the same way.

It has contributed to the longevity of the U.S. government by allowing many divisive policy decisions throughout American history to be made by states.

How does the U.S. Constitution create a system that underrepresents urban areas? a. It provides each state with two U.S. senators, regardless of population. b. It provides representation based on population in the U.S. House of Representatives. c. It requires federal officials to spend the same amount of money in rural and urban areas of the country. d. It requires that federal officials impose higher taxes on people living in urban areas of the country.

It provides each state with two U.S. senators, regardless of population.

What was one effect of dual federalism during the early Republic? a. The number of federal criminal laws expanded rapidly, while state criminal laws decreased. b. The national government was unable to raise sufficient amounts of money through taxes and tariffs. c. The strength and size of the military grew dramatically. d. The national government was spared the task of making difficult policy decisions, such as the regulation of slavery, because the states did it themselves for the most part.

The national government was spared the task of making difficult policy decisions, such as the regulation of slavery, because the states did it themselves for the most part.

Which of the following statements about selective incorporation is most accurate? a. Until 1961, only the First Amendment and one clause of the Fifth Amendment had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the national government. b. Until 1994, only the First Amendment and one clause of the Fifth Amendment had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the national government. c. By 1961, all of the provisions of the Bill of Rights had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the national government. d. By 1865, all of the provisions of the Bill of Rights had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the national government.

Until 1961, only the First Amendment and one clause of the Fifth Amendment had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the national government.

What led British officials to raise taxes on the American colonists during the 1760s? a. the extensive roads and canals built by the British in North America b. a deficit that was incurred as a result of the French and Indian War c. the cost of war against Napoleon in Europe d. the expenses incurred in colonizing South Africa

a deficit that was incurred as a result of the French and Indian War

The First Continental Congress was a. a loose affiliation of small farmers and artisans that organized protests against British rule between 1770 and 1774. b. the British government's lawmaking body for the colonies prior to 1776. c. the meeting arranged between British and colonial forces to negotiate the end of the Revolutionary War. d. a group of colonial delegates assembled in 1774 that called for a total boycott of all British goods.

a group of colonial delegates assembled in 1774 that called for a total boycott of all British goods.

The Supreme Court articulated a right to privacy in a case involving a. a law criminalizing abortion. b. the right to die. c. sodomy laws. d. access to birth control.

access to birth control.

If the federal government passed a law that did not provide money to state and local governments but required them to construct wheelchair lifts at all train stations, it would be an example of a. an unfunded mandate. b. a regressive tax. c. a progressive tax. d. a block grant.

an unfunded mandate.

What is the term length of a federal judge? a. four years b. two years c. six years d. barring impeachment, life

barring impeachment, life

It is important for Americans to have political knowledge so that they will a. be better able to assess their own interests when making political choices. b. feel a stronger sense of patriotism. c. be able to determine who belongs and who does not belong. d. be better able to judge the legitimacy of other nations.

be better able to assess their own interests when making political choices.

The ________ was the key group in Europe that pushed for limited government. a. peasantry b. Socialist Party c. bourgeoisie d. gendarmes

bourgeoisie

In American political culture, economic freedom is MOST closely linked to the idea of a. job security. b. the absence of income taxes. c. capitalism. d. a government-controlled stock market.

capitalism.

The privileges and immunities clause of Article IV is also referred to as the ________ clause. a. dual sovereignty b. federalism c. comity d. vesting

comity

Legally enforced segregation in public schools is a form of ________ discrimination. a. suspect b. de jure c. stare decisis d. de facto

de jure

Which of the following is the best example of the concept "speech plus"? a. posting a comment to a social media website b. distributing leaflets while chanting slogans at a protest demonstration c. reading a poem out loud in the middle of a public park d. writing a letter to the editor of a newspaper

distributing leaflets while chanting slogans at a protest demonstration

The ________ affirms that national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land a. doctrine of national supremacy b. necessary and proper clause c. full faith and credit clause d. doctrine of stare decisis

doctrine of national supremacy

States like Delaware, Connecticut, and New York opposed the Virginia Plan because they a. feared that large states would dominate the new government if representation were to be determined by population, as stipulated by the Virginia Plan. b. disliked the Bill of Rights that was contained within the Virginia Plan. c. wanted to eliminate the state governments rather than give them the constitutional status suggested by the Virginia Plan. d. wanted every plan for a new government to include a provision protecting the institution of slavery for at least 25 years, and the Virginia Plan did not contain such a provision.

feared that large states would dominate the new government if representation were to be determined by population, as stipulated by the Virginia Plan.

Unfunded mandates are unpopular among people who want to a. eliminate the principle of home rule. b. give states and localities the ability to set their own priorities. c. increase the scope of federal regulations. d. exercise a strong principle of preemption.

give states and localities the ability to set their own priorities.

Government is best defined as the a. set of political principles and values that guide political life. b. invisible hand that turns private interests into public goods. c. means by which wealth is redistributed. d. institutions and procedures by which a territory and its people are ruled.

institutions and procedures by which a territory and its people are ruled.

What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? a. a law passed by Congress in 1921 that restricted immigration to the United States b. laws passed during the Civil War denying Confederate sympathizers the right to free speech c. laws passed in the 1790s that made it a crime to say or publish anything that would defame the government of the United States d. laws that made it a crime for foreign immigrants to belong to the Communist Party or other anti-American organizations

laws passed in the 1790s that made it a crime to say or publish anything that would defame the government of the United States

The main difference between libel and slander is that a. libel refers to statements made with a "reckless disregard of the truth," while slander refers to statements that are true. b. libel refers to written statements, while slander refers to oral statements. c. libel refers to statements that attack the reputation of public figures, while slander refers to statements that attack the reputation of private individuals. d. libel refers to statements that are true, while slander refers to statements made with a "reckless disregard of the truth."

libel refers to written statements, while slander refers to oral statements.

The Bill of Rights was designed to protect a. capitalism. b. democracy. c. equality. d. liberty.

liberty.

James Madison believed that the greatest conflict of interests in the Philadelphia Convention was between ________ and ________. a. northern states; southern states b. the wealthy; the poor c. Catholics; Protestants d. large states; small states

northern states; southern state

Near v. Minnesota (1931) established the principle that a. the government could block publication of newspapers during a time of crisis such as the Cold War. b. news articles that were not truthful received no First Amendment protection. c. the news media could not publish obscene material. d. only under the most extraordinary circumstances could the government prevent the publication of newspapers and magazines.

only under the most extraordinary circumstances could the government prevent the publication of newspapers and magazines.

Strict scrutiny is the level of judicial review that federal judges give to all cases that involve ________ classifications. a. racial b. age c. gender d. ability

racial

The political significance of the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise was to a. transfer power from the Senate majority leader to the vice president. b. increase public support for the establishment of a national bank. c. exacerbate tensions between the New England merchants and the southern planters. d. reinforce the unity of the New England merchants and the southern planters.

reinforce the unity of the New England merchants and the southern planters.

Under the traditional system of American federalism, most of the fundamental governing in the United States was done by a. the courts. b. state governments. c. local governments. d. the federal government.

state governments.

During the national debate over ratification of the new Constitution, the Federalists a. supported a return to British rule. b. opposed the Constitution and preferred decentralized government. c. supported the Constitution and preferred a strong national government. d. refused to support the Constitution unless a Bill of Rights was added.

supported the Constitution and preferred a strong national government

What was the MOST common form of taxation during the colonial era? a. taxes for use of governmental services and lands b. taxes on commercial products and activities c. the income tax d. the animal head tax

taxes on commercial products and activities

The majority decision in Griswold v. Connecticut argued that a constitutional right to privacy can be found in the "zone of privacy" created by a. the Second, Eighth and Twelfth amendments. b. the civil liberties listed in Article I, Section 9 of the Constitution. c. the Third, Fourth, and Fifth amendments. d. the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments.

the Third, Fourth, and Fifth amendments.

After the Civil War, which amendments to the U.S. Constitution offered African Americans the most hope for achieving full citizenship rights? a. the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh amendments b. the First, Second, and Third amendments c. the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments d. The Twentieth, Twenty-First, and Twenty-Second amendments

the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments

What is an important check on majority rule in the United States? a. laissez-faire capitalism b. "one person, one vote" c. popular sovereignty d. the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights

the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights

What is the purpose of the Tenth Amendment? a. to protect freedom of speech b. to limit the powers of the federal government by reserving certain powers to the states and to the people c. to ensure that each state constitution offers the same number of individual rights provided by the federal Constitution d. to grant citizens of each state access to the federal court system

to limit the powers of the federal government by reserving certain powers to the states and to the people

During the era of dual federalism, what was the primary goal of the federal government's domestic policies? a. to keep the states from going to war with each other b .to protect citizens from the abuses of state governments c. to promote competition between the states d. to promote the development of commercial activity between and among the states

to promote the development of commercial activity between and among the states

The term "Dreamers" usually refers to a. undocumented immigrants who were brought to the United States as children. b. undocumented immigrants that have given birth to children who are American citizens. c. legalized citizens who were once undocumented immigrants. d. undocumented immigrants who were born in the United States.

undocumented immigrants who were brought to the United States as children.