Exam 1 Nutrition Review Questions

A serving of food contains 25 g of carbohydrates, 10 g protein, 8 g fat, 5 gm vitamin iron, and 4 oz of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _______ kcal. A) 212 B)456 C)335 D)246

A) 212

To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add ________ of the nutrient to its EAR. A) A "margin of safety" amount B) 50 to 100 mg C) An AI amount D) The %DV amount

A) A "margin of safety" amount

Which of the following recommendations is an overarching guideline of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? A) Follow a healthy eating pattern across the life span. B) Focus on consuming more fish and seafood C) Incorporate whole grains into meals. D) Reduce salt intake to 2300 mg per day.

A) Follow a healthy eating pattern across the life span

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals? A) Grapes B) Margarine C) Tuna D) Hamburger

A) Grapes

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide comprised of one glucose and one galactose molecule? A) Lactose B) Sucrose C) Maltose D) Hexose

A) Lactose

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and A) Learning ways to manage stress effectively B) Having the lower third of the colon removed C) Reducing physical activity D) Moving to a drier climate

A) Learning ways to manage stress effectively

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin D on the human body. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin D to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain the vitamin or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain vitamin D are A) Placebos B) Interventions C) Antidotes D) Distractors

A) Placebos

Which of the following behaviors or characteristics is a risk factor for heart disease? A) Smoking cigarettes B) Having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder C) Being taller than average D) Consuming excess vitamin C

A) Smoking cigarettes

Robin reads Nutrition Facts panels on packaged foods to choose nutrient-dense products. By reading the panels, she is able to determine the amount of ________ in a serving of a food. A) Sodium B) Additives C) Water D) Pesticides

A) Sodium

Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing an herbal product for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(an) A) Testimonial B) Peer review C) Placebo effect D) Anecdote

A) Testimonial

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a complex chemical that consisted of hundreds of glucose molecules bonded together. When the scientist tested the complex chemical, she discovered it could be digested by humans. Based on this information, the complex chemical was a form of ________. A) Starch B) Fiber C) Sucrose D) Cellulose

A) starch

Metabolism is... A)the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells. B) the rate at which cells produce energy. C)a way of living. D) a form of energy.

A) the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein, 4 oz of water, 5 g fat, 25 mcg vitamin A, 2.5 mg niacin, and 0.8 mg iron. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ________ kcal. A)8 B)226 C)113 D)339

C) 113

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of frozen mango slices, a serving of fruit provides approximately 5% of the DV for potassium. The DV for potassium is 4700 mg. Approximately how many mg of potassium are in a serving of the mango slices? A)2350 B)2.35 C)235 D)23.5

C) 235

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices? A) RDAs B) ULs C) DVs D) AIs

C) DVs

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? A) mizzou.edu B) cdc.gov C) losefastandforever.com D) marchofdimes.org

C) losefastandforever.com

Which of the following substances is a major dietary monosaccharide for humans? A) Xylose B) Sucrose- disacraide **look at disacharide C) Mannose D) Fructose

D) Fructose

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her iced tea with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use? A) Sucrose B) Aspartame C) Xylitol D) Sucralose

D) Sucralose

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a simple chemical that consisted of a molecule of glucose bonded to a molecule of fructose. This ingredient was ________. A) Maltose B) Lactose C) Oligofructose D) Sucrose

D) Sucrose

Devon has a rare condition characterized by the lack of saliva-producing cells. Based on this information, Devon probably has A) Gallstones B) Chronic constipation C) Diverticula in his colon D) Difficulty swallowing

D) difficulty swallowing

Marty's usual caloric intake is 2800 kcal per day. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugars should contribute less than 10% of a person's total energy intake. Therefore, he should limit his added sugar intake to less than ________ kcal per day. A) 420 B) 560 C) 280 D) 700

c) 280

Which of the following statements is true? A) Daily Values have been established for each nutrient B) Daily Values are nutrient recommendations that are based on the EERs for adults. C) If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients, you have a high risk of developing nutritional deficiency disorders. D) Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes.

D) Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes

In the United States, which agency is responsible for regulating the kinds of information that can be displayed on food product labels? A) Federal Trade Commission B) Federal Communications Commission C) Environmental Protection Agency D) Food and Drug Administration

D) Food and Drug Administration

The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is a(an) A)Oligosaccharide B)Polysaccharide C)Disaccharide D)Monosaccharide

D) Monosaccharide

Insulin is made by the A) Liver B) Kidneys C) Gallbladder D) pancreas

D) Pancreas

Which of the following statements is untrustworthy or misleading because it contains a "red flag" of unreliable nutrition-related information? A) People who have concerns about health-related products or treatments should be skeptical to avoid being cheated out of their money. B) People who have questions about medical conditions should seek answers from practitioners who have had the proper training and licensing. C) People who have complaints about false or misleading health claims should report them to the Federal Trade Commission. D) People who have cancer should take vitamin C pills because the pills have been clinically proven to cure cancer.

D) People who have cancer should take vitamin C pills because the pills have been clinically proven to cure cancer.

Which of the following statements is true? A) Scientists developed dietary recommendations for the U.S. population after analyzing results of a single American study, the Framingham Heart Study. B) Scientists are unlikely to obtain money to conduct research if they don't consider the opinions and beliefs of the people in agencies who fund such projects. C) Scientists have peer reviewers analyze the designs of their human research studies because the peer-review process reduces research bias. D) Scientists typically use different methods to conduct research, which explains why studies involving humans often have conflicting results.

D) Scientists typically use different methods to conduct research, which explains why studies involving humans often have conflicting results.

One day, Donnie ate snacks that included peanut butter on crackers, a bowl of chocolate pudding made with low-fat milk, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and a hard-cooked egg. According to MyPlate, which of these foods is a major source of empty calories in Americans' diets? A) Hard-cooked egg B) Peanut butter C) Chocolate pudding D) Soft drink

D) Soft drink

A nutrient requirement is A) The recommended daily intake of a nutrient B) An amount of a nutrient that ensures optimal nutritional status C) An amount of a nutrient that includes a "margin of safety" D) The smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health

D) The smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health

Chyme is the A) material absorbed by lacteals that the liver must detoxify and excrete. B) organelle that maintains fluid balance within intestinal cells. C) large particle that transports lipids throughout the bloodstream. D) semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach.

D) semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach

A primary function of the digestive system is the A) Transmission of nervous impulses B) Breakdown of food into nutrients C) Production of red blood cells D) Destruction of toxic metabolic by-products

B) Breakdown of food into nutrients

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into A) The hepatic portal vein B) Chylomicrons C)Lacteals D) The lumen

B) Chylomicrons

In the United States, which agency investigates complaints about false or misleading health-related claims that appear in food advertisements? A) Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics B) Federal Trade Commission C) Environmental Protection Agency D) Organization for Honesty in Advertising

B) Federal Trade Commission

Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has A) Constipation B) Gallstones C) Colitis D) aneurysms

B) Gallstones

Glycogen is composed of hundreds of ________ molecules. A) Sucrose B) Glucose C) Fructose D) Galactose

B) Glucose

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of catabolism? A) Skin cells using protein to replace burned skin tissue B) Muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat C) White blood cells making proteins that protect against harmful viruses D) Brain cells forming chemicals that transmit information between the cells

B) Muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat

According to numerous scientific studies, low levels of physical activity are associated with increased chances of developing excess body fat and type 2 diabetes. Based on this information, lack of physical activity is a ... A) Metabolic antagonist B) Risk factor (anything that inhances chance of disease) C) Critical determinant D) Deficiency condition

B) Risk factor

Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a new protein-containing product on muscle tissue development. Phil suspects he's in the experimental group, because he's certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers. When the study is completed, Phil learns that he didn't receive the new source of protein. Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake—he's certain his muscle mass increased while he consumed the product. According to this information, Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of A) Participant fatigue B) The placebo effect C) Human subject bias D) An anecdotal report

B) The placebo effect

Derek consumes a protein-rich drink before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the drink to his diet. His report about the positive effects of the special drink is an example of a(an) A) Peer review B) Testimonial C) Anecdote D) Scientific conclusion

C) Anecdote

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups? A) Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese, Swiss cheese, and two slices of buttered, whole-wheat bread B) Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries, blueberries, and fat-free milk C) Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, green peas, noodles, and cheddar cheese D) Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, fat-free milk, orange juice, wheat germ, and fresh peaches

C) Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, green peas, noodles, and cheddar cheese

A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food? A)Water provides the most food energy. B)Protein provides about 50% of total calories. C) Fat provides the most food energy. D) Carbohydrate provides the most food energy.

C) Fat provides the most food energy.

The ________ is an accessory organ of the digestive system that stores bile. A) Liver B) Appendix C) Gallbladder D) jejunum

C) Gallbladder

Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach? A) Bile B) Chyme C) Hydrochloric acid D) Lymphatic fluid

C) Hydrochloric acid

In general, food guides do not group ________ with dairy foods. A) fat-free yogurt B) American Cheese C) Unsalted butter D) Pudding made with 1% milk

C) Unsalted butter

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that doesn't provide any energy for the human body? A)Alcohol B)Protein C)Water D)Carbohydrate

C) Water

What is the primary source of energy ("energy currency") for your cells? A) Sunlight B)Protein C)Fatty acids D)ATP

D) ATP

Which of the following statements is true? A) Vomiting blood is a sign of irritable bowel syndrome. B) People who are infected with H. pylori have a high risk of developing type 1 diabetes. C) Peptic ulcers usually form in the small and large intestines. D) Acid reflux often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly

D) Acid reflux often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly

Men's Journal and Family Circle may be unreliable sources of nutrition information, because A) Authors general pay the editors of popular magazines to publish their nutrition articles. B) Registered dietitians are usually hired to write the articles about nutrition that are published in these journals C) The general public an public libraries subscribe to them D) Articles in such popular magazine generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published.

D) Articles in such popular magazine generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of anabolism? A) Muscle cells breaking down fat to release heat B) Brain cells destroying chemicals that transmit information between the cells C) White blood cells metabolizing glucose for energy D) Bone cells using protein, calcium, and phosphorus to repair a bone fracture

D) Bone cells using protein, calcium, and phosphorus to repair a bone fracture

Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes A) fat-free milk B) Eggs C) Peanut butter D) broccoli

D) Broccoli

Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient? A) Protein B) Fat C) Water D) Calcium

D) Calcium

Mitchell has an infection that caused his epiglottis to function improperly. Based on this information, you would expect Mitchell to ________ while he has this illness. A) Digest proteins more efficiently B) Gain weight C) Absorb vitamins more rapidly D) Choke often

D) Choke often