Exam 1 Sample Test A&P II

10) The hormone oxytocin A) promotes uterine contractions. B) is responsible for milk production in the mammary glands. C) regulates blood pressure. D) governs the ovarian cycle. E) governs the levels of tissue androgens.

A) promotes uterine contractions.

32) The hormone that is important for maintenance of the immune system is A) thymosin. B) cortisol. C) aldosterone. D) thyroxine. E) somatotropin.

A) thymosin.

13) The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

B) ACTH.

7) Changes in blood osmotic pressure would affect the levels of _____ in the blood. A) ACTH B) ADH C) oxytocin D) TSH E) LH

B) ADH

39) The primary function of ADH is to A) increase the amount of water lost at the kidneys. B) decrease the amount of water lost at the kidneys. C) dilate peripheral blood vessels to decrease blood pressure. D) increase absorption along the digestive tract. E) prevent urination.

B) decrease the amount of water lost at the kidneys.

33) Increased numbers of red blood cells would result from increases in the hormone A) cortisol. B) erythropoietin. C) thymosin. D) aldosterone. E) atrial natriuretic peptide.

B) erythropoietin.

28) When blood glucose levels fall, A) insulin is released. B) glucagon is released. C) peripheral cells take up more glucose. D) protein synthesis decreases.

B) glucagon is released.

29) The alpha cells of the pancreas produce A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) renin. D) cortisol. E) digestive enzymes.

B) glucagon.

24) The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex produces A) androgens. B) glucocorticoids. C) mineralocorticoids. D) epinephrine. E) norepinephrine.

B) glucocorticoids.

30) Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin would result in A) acromegaly. B) goiter. C) diabetes mellitus. D) diabetes insipidus. E) Addison's disease.

C) diabetes mellitus.

34) Excess secretion of growth hormone prior to puberty will cause A) dwarfism. B) midgets. C) giantism. D) acromegaly. E) diabetes.

C) giantism.

37) The body's response to rising insulin levels in a healthy individual is increased production of glucose. This mechanism is known as _____ feedback. A) positive B) neutral C) negative D) good E) none of the above

C) negative

21) Increased levels of the hormone _____ will lead to increased levels of calcium ion in the blood. A) thymosin B) calcitonin C) parathormone D) aldosterone E) cortisol

C) parathormone

25) The adrenal medulla produces A) androgens. B) glucocorticoids. C) mineralocorticoids. D) catecholamines. E) corticosteroids.

D) catecholamines.

6) When steroid hormones bind to their receptors, A) adenyl cyclase is activated. B) cyclic nucleotides are formed. C) G proteins are inhibited. D) gene transcription occurs. E) protein kinases are activated.

D) gene transcription occurs.

18) Thyroid hormone contains the mineral A) sodium. B) potassium. C) iron. D) iodine. E) zinc.

D) iodine.

22) The hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) growth hormone. D) parathyroid hormone. E) thyroid hormone.

D) parathyroid hormone.

12) The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

A) TSH.

23) The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces A) androgens. B) glucocorticoids. C) mineralocorticoids. D) epinephrine. E) norepinephrine.

A) androgens.

2) All of the following are true of steroid hormones, except that they A) are produced by the adrenal medulla. B) are structurally similar to cholesterol. C) are produced by reproductive glands. D) bind to receptors within the cell. E) are lipids.

A) are produced by the adrenal medulla.

1) Peptide hormones are A) composed by amino acids. B) produced by cells in the adrenal glands. C) derived from the amino acid tyrosine. D) lipids. E) chemically related to cholesterol.

A) composed by amino acids.

38) Alpha cells are to _____ as beta cells are to _____. A) glucagon; insulin B) growth-inhibiting hormone; insulin C) insulin; glucagon D) glucagon; growth-inhibiting hormone E) none of the above

A) glucagon; insulin

35) Norepinephrine and epinephrine are called _____ when released into the bloodstream, but _____ when released across synapses. A) hormones; neurotransmitters B) neuropeptides; neurotransmitters C) neurotransmitters; hormones D) neurotransmitters; neuropeptides E) none of the above

A) hormones; neurotransmitters

19) The hormone that plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of body temperature is A) somatotropin. B) thyroxine. C) calcitonin. D) parathyroid hormone. E) glucagon.

B) thyroxine.

40) Shelly has a benign tumor of the adrenal gland. The tumor is causing hypersecretion of a hormone that causes her to grow a beard and have extensive body hair. This tumor involves cells of the A) zona glomerulosa. B) zona reticularis. C) zona fasciculata. D) adrenal medulla. E) pars intermedia.

B) zona reticularis.

14) The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

C) FSH.

17) The pituitary hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin is A) TSH. B) FSH. C) MSH. D) STH. E) ADH.

C) MSH.

3) Steroid hormones A) are proteins. B) cannot diffuse through cell membranes. C) bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. D) remain in circulation for relatively short periods of time. E) are transported in the blood dissolved in the plasma.

C) bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells.

20) A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is A) parathyroid hormone. B) thyroxine. C) calcitonin. D) glucagon. E) oxytocin.

C) calcitonin.

11) Growth hormone does all of the following, except that it A) promotes bone growth. B) promotes muscle growth. C) promotes neuron growth and development. D) promotes amino acid uptake by cells.

C) promotes neuron growth and development.

8) The hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary by way of A) direct neural stimulation. B) direct mechanical control. C) releasing and inhibiting hormones. D) altering ion concentrations in the anterior pituitary. E) gap junctions.

C) releasing and inhibiting hormones.

4) When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the A) hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. B) cell membrane becomes depolarized. C) second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. D) cell becomes inactive. E) hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA.

C) second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.

31) The interstitial cells of the testes produce A) estrogen. B) progesterone. C) testosterone. D) inhibin. E) FSH.

C) testosterone.

36) Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted from the A) kidneys. B) heart. C) thyroid gland. D) gonads. E) pituitary gland.

C) thyroid gland.

9) The posterior pituitary gland secretes A) FSH. B) TSH. C) ACTH. D) ADH. E) MSH.

D) ADH.

5) The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is usually A) cAMP. B) cGMP. C) adenyl cyclase. D) G protein. E) calcium.

D) G protein.

15) The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

D) LH.

26) A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is A) cortisol. B) parathormone. C) thymosin. D) somatotropin. E) aldosterone.

E) aldosterone.

27) Pinealocytes produce A) MSH. B) FSH. C) LH. D) melanin. E) melatonin.

E) melatonin.

16) The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) growth hormone. D) FSH. E) prolactin.

E) prolactin.